CN104723037B - Automotive transmission input shaft combined forming process and forge die - Google Patents
Automotive transmission input shaft combined forming process and forge die Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN104723037B CN104723037B CN201510126410.5A CN201510126410A CN104723037B CN 104723037 B CN104723037 B CN 104723037B CN 201510126410 A CN201510126410 A CN 201510126410A CN 104723037 B CN104723037 B CN 104723037B
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- China
- Prior art keywords
- forging
- blank
- die
- axle portion
- mould
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- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23P—METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; COMBINED OPERATIONS; UNIVERSAL MACHINE TOOLS
- B23P15/00—Making specific metal objects by operations not covered by a single other subclass or a group in this subclass
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21J—FORGING; HAMMERING; PRESSING METAL; RIVETING; FORGE FURNACES
- B21J13/00—Details of machines for forging, pressing, or hammering
- B21J13/02—Dies or mountings therefor
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Forging (AREA)
- Gears, Cams (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention provides a kind of automotive transmission input shaft combined forming process and forging mold, and technique includes：Step one；Blank is put into heating furnace and is heated and is incubated, blank is then transferred to cross wedge rolling machine rapidly；Step 2；Blank is rolled using cross wedge rolling machine, and is broken separation from middle part；The blank breaks after separation, forms two multi-diameter shafts of symmetry arrangement；Step 3；Multi-diameter shaft is placed in the die cavity of forge die and is forged, tooth form is shaped simultaneously with blind hole structure during forging；Step 4；Normalized treatment is carried out using the waste heat of forging；Step 5；Forging process is gone out into axle portion spline, and carries out the following process such as being heat-treated.Forming technology of the invention, only need to successively carry out cross wedge rolling and forging technology to once being heated in manufacturing process, can be with save energy, environmental protection.Also, because the method using Plastic Forming is processed, stock utilization can be not only improved, it is cost-effective, and possess compared with high-mechanical property.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to material forming technique, a kind of automotive transmission input shaft combined forming process and forging and stamping are particularly related to
Mould, belongs to field of automobile.
Background technology
In recent years, in vehicle traveling process, transmission input shaft is important drive disk assembly, the gear on input shaft top with
Gear is connected, and input shaft axle portion spline is connected by clutch with engine.
In the prior art, the main process of input shaft is：Forging stock-smart car (drilling)-annular knurl key-gear hobbing-is oozed
Carbon quenching-cylindrical grinding-roll flute.Due to being processed by the way of cutting, not only machining period is long, and destroys metal
Fibr tissue, so as to influence the bending fatigue strength of gear, tooth face contact fatigue strength and wearability, lower workpiece and use the longevity
Life.
Ladder axis blank can also be processed using the method for cross wedge rolling in the prior art, but due to input shaft top tooth
Shape will also carry out machining, and the part is workpiece diameter maximum position, will not be deformed in the operation of rolling, also there will be no
The effect of crystal grain refinement, can deteriorate metallicity, so as to influence the strength of gear teeth because of heating process on the contrary.
In addition, in the prior art also using the method processing multi-diameter shaft of cold extrusion, but by technique and contraction percentage of area institute
Limit is, it is necessary to Simulation Based On Multi-step is processed, and phosphatization saponification process is polluted.
Therefore, input shaft is fabricated using prior art, otherwise can drop the gear shaft tooth form intensity for processing
It is low, or the tooling step of workpiece can be increased considerably, can't eat one's cake and have it.
The content of the invention
The present invention provide it is a kind of save material, high in machining efficiency, and ensure that the vapour of the excellent mechanical performance of workpiece
Car transmission input shaft combined forming process.
In order to solve the above technical problems, embodiments of the invention provide a kind of automotive transmission input shaft combined shaping work
Skill, comprises the following steps：
(1) blank is put into heating furnace and heats and be incubated, blank is taken out from heating furnace rapidly then, be transferred to wedge
Cross rolling mill；
(2) blank is rolled using cross wedge rolling machine, and blank is broken separation from middle part, rapid taking-up is transferred to forging
Press；The blank breaks after separation, forms two multi-diameter shafts of symmetry arrangement；
(3) multi-diameter shaft is placed in the die cavity of forge die and is forged, forge the tooth form and end face of ladder shaft end
Blind hole structure, tooth form and blind hole structure is shaped simultaneously during forging；
(4) forging forged in (3) is taken out, normalized treatment is carried out using the waste heat of forging；
(5) forging process after normalized treatment in (4) is gone out into axle portion spline；Permeability-reducing admixture is applied in axle portion, and carries out carburizing and quenched
Fire, lonneal treatment；And roll flute, cylindrical grinding technique are carried out after the heat treatment.
Wherein, the diameter of the blank is less than the input shaft tooth root diameter of a circle.
Wherein, the cross wedge rolling machine in described (2) is double rod cross wedge rolling machines.
The present invention also provides an automotive transmission input shaft combined shaping forge die, including：Lower mold body and upper die body；
Axle portion die cavity is offered in the lower mold body, the axle portion die cavity is used to shape the axle portion of the input shaft；
The upper die body includes upper mould overcoat, tooth form mould and groups of springs；The tooth form mould is arranged at outside the upper mould
In set；
The turn for housing the groups of springs, the two ends difference of the groups of springs are additionally provided with the upper mould overcoat
It is in contact with the tooth form mould and upper mould overcoat, the tooth form mould is pressed in the lower mold body；
The upper die body also includes the upper punching for forging；The upper punching is arranged in the upper die body, and can be with respect to institute
Tooth form mould is stated to slide up and down, and the lower end of the upper punching is located in the die cavity of the tooth form mould.
Wherein, the lower mold body includes：Die shoe, axle portion cavity plate and lower platen；The lower platen be fixed on it is described under
The top of die holder, and the axle portion cavity plate is fixed on the die shoe.
Wherein, the axle portion die cavity is opened on the axle portion cavity plate.
Above-mentioned technical proposal of the invention has the beneficial effect that：
In such scheme, automotive transmission input shaft combined forming process of the invention after once heating, carries out wedge successively
Transverse rolling and forging technology, not only save energy, does not produce pollution also, protects environment.Also, present invention process is mainly use
The method processing of Plastic Forming, can not only improve stock utilization, cost-effective, and can improve product mechanical performance.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the schematic flow sheet of the automotive transmission input shaft combined forming process of embodiments of the invention；
Fig. 2 is cross wedge rolling die expanded view in the automotive transmission input shaft combined forming process of embodiments of the invention；
Fig. 3 is sectional view at A-A in Fig. 2；
Fig. 4 is sectional view at B-B in Fig. 2；
Fig. 5 is sectional view at C-C in Fig. 2；
Fig. 6 is the structure chart of the automotive transmission input shaft combined shaping forge die of embodiments of the invention.
[main element symbol description]
1st, input shaft；
11st, blind hole structure；
12nd, tooth form；
13rd, axle portion spline；
2nd, forging；
3rd, multi-diameter shaft；
4th, blank；
8th, upper die body；
80th, Upper Die-sleeve；
81st, tooth die；
82nd, groups of springs；
85th, upper punching；
9th, lower mold body；
90th, die shoe；
91st, axle portion cavity plate；
92nd, lower platen.
Specific embodiment
To make the technical problem to be solved in the present invention, technical scheme and advantage clearer, below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and tool
Body embodiment is described in detail.
As shown in figure 1, the automotive transmission input shaft combined forming process of embodiments of the invention, for blank 4 to be added
Into the input shaft 1 of automotive transmission, the material that blank 4 is typically used is 20CrMnTiH to work, and its external form is in cylinder；It is final into
Product are output shaft 4, and the helical angle of tooth form 12 of output shaft 4 is 31 °, and normal module is 2.5mm, the number of teeth 21.
Forming technology specifically includes following steps：
(1) blank 4 is put into heating furnace and heats and be incubated, blank 4 is taken out from heating furnace rapidly then, be transferred to
Cross wedge rolling machine.Blank 4 is heated to 1100 DEG C ± 50 DEG C, and is incubated 20 minutes.
(2) blank 4 is rolled using cross wedge rolling machine, and blank is broken separation from middle part, rapid taking-up is transferred to
Forging press；The blank breaks after separation, forms two multi-diameter shafts of symmetry arrangement 3；Cross wedge rolling machine is typically horizontal using double rod wedges
Milling train, it is preferred to use H630 type double roller cross wedge rolling machines.Cross wedge rolling machine passes through first by blank rolling into the symmetrical shape in two ends
Cutting knife on mould separates the cutting ingot of two symmetric shapes.
(3) multi-diameter shaft 3 is placed in the die cavity of forge die and is forged, forge tooth form 12 and the end of ladder shaft end
The blind hole structure 11 in face, makes tooth form 12 be shaped simultaneously with blind hole structure 11 during forging；
(4) forging 2 forged in (3) is taken out, normalized treatment is carried out using the waste heat of forging 2；
(5) forging 2 after normalized treatment in (4) is processed into axle portion spline 13；After axle portion spline is processed, in axle portion
Permeability-reducing admixture is applied, and carries out carburizing and quenching, lonneal treatment；And roll flute, cylindrical grinding technique are carried out after the heat treatment；So as to
Form final input shaft 1.
The transmission input shaft combined forming process of the embodiment of the present invention, after once heating, carries out cross wedge rolling and forging successively
Technique is made, can be with save energy, environmental protection.Also, technique of the invention is mainly processed using the method for Plastic Forming, not only
Stock utilization can be improved, it is cost-effective, and mechanical performance can be improved.
On the basis of above-described embodiment, further, when selecting blank before being processed, the diameter of blank 4 is small
In the tooth root diameter of a circle of the input shaft 1.Such selection can make the contraction percentage of area during cross wedge rolling of blank 4 smaller,
Rolling is relatively easy, so that the cross wedge rolling die life-span is higher.
As shown in Fig. 2 to Fig. 5；The present embodiment that is, in (2), was rolled during cross wedge rolling is carried out using cross wedge rolling machine
Need to be played wedge twice in journey, the contraction percentage of area that wedge is played twice is respectively 75% and 40%.
Such as Fig. 3, wedge is played for the first time, shrinkage factor is 75%, forming angle α is 18 °, broadening angle β is 8 °, segmentation rolls neat, shaping
Be relatively large in diameter three sections of multi-diameter shaft.
Such as Fig. 4, the minimum part of second forming wedge end diameter, second wedge, shrinkage factor is 40%, forming angle
It it is 28 °, broadening angle is 8 °.Such as Fig. 5, a cutting knife is designed with mould, cutting 82 ° of forming angle of section, for by two multi-diameter shafts
Separate.Rotating speed of the cross wedge rolling machine in rolling is maintained at 8 revs/min.
Such as Fig. 6, in (3), the mould of the present embodiment includes：Lower mold body 9 and upper die body 8；Offered in the lower mold body 9
Axle portion die cavity, the axle portion die cavity is used to form the axle portion 13 of input shaft.The die joint of this mould is in tooth form and major axis
Intersection, makes tooth form separate depanning with major axis；It is apparent that when the axle portion of blank is located at axle portion die cavity, the top of multi-diameter shaft 3 is
On the upper surface of lower mold body 9.
Wherein, the upper die body 8 includes upper mould overcoat 80, tooth form mould 81 and groups of springs 82；The tooth form mould 81 sets
It is placed in mould overcoat 80.The turn for housing the groups of springs 82, the bullet are additionally provided with the upper mould overcoat 80
The two ends of spring group 82 are in contact with the tooth form mould 81 and upper mould overcoat 80 respectively；When mold cavity of the invention is closed, institute
State groups of springs 82 the tooth form mould 81 is pressed in the lower mold body 9.The turn is used for putting spring group 82, and rises
To the purpose of protection groups of springs 82, and for controlling the contraction with guide springs group and prolonging direction.
The upper die body 8 also includes the upper punching 85 for forging；The upper punching 85 is arranged in upper die body 8, and can be relative
The tooth form mould 81 is slided up and down, and the lower end of the upper punching 85 is located in the die cavity of tooth form mould 81.
When input shaft 1 has blind hole 11, the upper punching 85 can be also used for shaping blind hole structure.
The groups of springs 82 makes tooth form mould 81 be in low level, and tooth form mould 81 and the matched moulds of axle portion cavity plate 91 make tooth form mould
81 die cavity closing, during forging, upper punching 85 is pushed forges to multi-diameter shaft 3.The upper mould overcoat 80 is in forging
During mutually fixed with the sliding block of forcing press, mould is played protection, support and spacing effect.The lower mold body 9 is fixed
On press bench, the axle portion die cavity for setting thereon is used to house and forge the axle portion of input shaft 1.Wherein tooth form mould
81st, groups of springs 82 and turn composition floating upper die structure, groups of springs 82 makes tooth form mould 81 be always positioned at low level, formed to
The state of lower floating.
The mould of the embodiment of the present invention is forged by the axle portion die cavity of lower mold body to the axle portion of gear shaft, upper die body
Be pressed on tooth form mould on axle portion cavity plate by groups of springs；Again by above sweeping away pressure, complete to forge gear shaft.Of the invention
In mould, because turn, groups of springs and upper mould overcoat constitute floating structure so that tooth form mould is in low level, formed first
Matched moulds is near closed hollow ring, and the process forged afterwards not only increases stock utilization, cost-effective, and its mechanical performance is better than
The workpiece of machining.
On the basis of above-described embodiment, the lower mold body 9 includes：Die shoe 90, axle portion cavity plate 91 and lower platen 92；
Lower platen 92 is fixed on the top of die shoe 90, and axle portion cavity plate 91 is fixed on die shoe 90.Specifically, the tooth die
Tool 81 and the axle portion cavity plate are the moment for starting forging when contacting, and the upper mould overcoat 80 and the lower platen 92 are when contacting
Forge the moment for completing.The axle portion die cavity is opened on axle portion cavity plate 91
The transmission input shaft combined forming process of the embodiment of the present invention, it is advantageous that：
(1) edging is combined, and instead of operations such as the forging stock in existing process, smart car, gear hobbing and drillings, is largely saved
Machining period and raw material are saved, processing cost is reduced；
(2) plastic processing method can ensure that metal streamline is not destroyed instead of machine-tooled method, workpiece is possessed preferably
Mechanical performance；
(3) two step plastic workings are carried out successively after only need to once heating, and waste heat can carry out normalized treatment, eliminate existing
Repeatedly heat up the process lowered the temperature in technique, and save energy reduces discharge, energy-conserving and environment-protective；
(4) because tooth form shapes in forging process, so compare with traditional cross wedge rolling base, can be using less than tooth root
The blank of circular diameter is rolled, and the contraction percentage of area is smaller, and rolling is relatively easy, and die life is higher.For some top tape
There is the input shaft of blind hole, without drilling operating, and parts of tooth, by forging, mechanical performance is more preferably.
The above is the preferred embodiment of the present invention, it is noted that for those skilled in the art
For, on the premise of principle of the present invention is not departed from, some improvements and modifications can also be made, these improvements and modifications
Should be regarded as protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (1)
1. a kind of automotive transmission input shaft combined forming process, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps：
(1) blank is put into heating furnace and heats and be incubated, blank is taken out from heating furnace rapidly then, be transferred to cross wedge rolling
Machine；
(2) blank is rolled using cross wedge rolling machine, and blank is broken separation from middle part, rapid taking-up is transferred to forging and stamping
Machine；The blank breaks after separation, forms two multi-diameter shafts of symmetry arrangement；
(3) multi-diameter shaft is placed in the die cavity of forge die and is forged, forge ladder shaft end tooth form and end face it is blind
Pore structure, makes tooth form be shaped simultaneously with blind hole structure during forging；
(4) forging forged in (3) is taken out, normalized treatment is carried out using the waste heat of forging；
(5) forging process after normalized treatment in (4) is gone out into axle portion spline；Permeability-reducing admixture is applied in axle portion again, and carries out carburizing and quenched
Fire, lonneal treatment；And roll flute, cylindrical grinding technique are carried out after the heat treatment；
Wherein, the diameter of the blank is less than the input shaft tooth root diameter of a circle；
Wherein, the cross wedge rolling machine in described (2) is double roller cross wedge rolling machine；
Wherein, the forge die includes：Lower mold body and upper die body；
Axle portion die cavity is offered in the lower mold body, the axle portion die cavity is used to shape the axle portion of the input shaft；
The upper die body includes upper mould overcoat, tooth form mould and groups of springs；The tooth form mould is arranged in the upper mould overcoat；
Be additionally provided with the turn for housing the groups of springs in the upper mould overcoat, the two ends of the groups of springs respectively with institute
State tooth form mould and upper mould overcoat is in contact, the tooth form mould is pressed in the lower mold body；
The upper die body also includes the upper punching for forging；The upper punching is arranged in the upper die body, and can relatively described tooth
Shape mould is slided up and down, and the lower end of the upper punching is located in the die cavity of the tooth form mould；
Wherein, the lower mold body includes：Die shoe, axle portion cavity plate and lower platen；The lower platen is fixed on the die shoe
Top, and the axle portion cavity plate is fixed on the die shoe；
Wherein, the axle portion die cavity is opened on the axle portion cavity plate.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201510126410.5A CN104723037B (en) | 2015-03-20 | 2015-03-20 | Automotive transmission input shaft combined forming process and forge die |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201510126410.5A CN104723037B (en) | 2015-03-20 | 2015-03-20 | Automotive transmission input shaft combined forming process and forge die |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN104723037A CN104723037A (en) | 2015-06-24 |
| CN104723037B true CN104723037B (en) | 2017-06-13 |
Family
ID=53447762
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201510126410.5A Expired - Fee Related CN104723037B (en) | 2015-03-20 | 2015-03-20 | Automotive transmission input shaft combined forming process and forge die |
Country Status (1)
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| CN (1) | CN104723037B (en) |
Families Citing this family (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105945200A (en) * | 2016-06-25 | 2016-09-21 | 山东汇锋传动股份有限公司 | Assembling die for transverse rolled preformed blank of gearbox output shaft |
| CN107282851A (en) * | 2017-07-13 | 2017-10-24 | 安徽众鑫科技股份有限公司 | A kind of preparation method of gearbox J7 output shafts |
| CN109822037A (en) * | 2019-02-22 | 2019-05-31 | 武汉理工大学 | A kind of automobile axle driving gear forging forming technique |
| CN112522498B (en) * | 2020-11-17 | 2022-08-09 | 一汽解放汽车有限公司 | Transmission output shaft heat treatment strengthening process and transmission output shaft |
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| CN1367056A (en) * | 2001-10-30 | 2002-09-04 | 宋玉泉 | Continuous local plastic precision forming device of automobile half axle gear and its process |
| CN102225450A (en) * | 2011-04-15 | 2011-10-26 | 郑州机械研究所 | One-time forming device of cutting pick |
| CN202498092U (en) * | 2012-03-16 | 2012-10-24 | 河南航天精工制造有限公司 | Mould for extrusion forming of tooth parts of tooth-shaped components |
| CN103341741A (en) * | 2013-06-16 | 2013-10-09 | 吉林大学 | Compound technology for forming drive and driven spiral bevel gear blanks of automobile rear axle main reducing gear |
| CN103433418A (en) * | 2013-07-03 | 2013-12-11 | 中国农业大学 | Precision forging device and method for spiral bevel gear |
| CN103447779A (en) * | 2013-08-09 | 2013-12-18 | 山东温岭精锻科技有限公司 | Drive axle bevel gear forge piece forging process and equipment |
| CN103480786A (en) * | 2013-09-27 | 2014-01-01 | 江苏太平洋精锻科技股份有限公司 | Shaft end bevel gear forging mould |
-
2015
- 2015-03-20 CN CN201510126410.5A patent/CN104723037B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1367056A (en) * | 2001-10-30 | 2002-09-04 | 宋玉泉 | Continuous local plastic precision forming device of automobile half axle gear and its process |
| CN102225450A (en) * | 2011-04-15 | 2011-10-26 | 郑州机械研究所 | One-time forming device of cutting pick |
| CN202498092U (en) * | 2012-03-16 | 2012-10-24 | 河南航天精工制造有限公司 | Mould for extrusion forming of tooth parts of tooth-shaped components |
| CN103341741A (en) * | 2013-06-16 | 2013-10-09 | 吉林大学 | Compound technology for forming drive and driven spiral bevel gear blanks of automobile rear axle main reducing gear |
| CN103433418A (en) * | 2013-07-03 | 2013-12-11 | 中国农业大学 | Precision forging device and method for spiral bevel gear |
| CN103447779A (en) * | 2013-08-09 | 2013-12-18 | 山东温岭精锻科技有限公司 | Drive axle bevel gear forge piece forging process and equipment |
| CN103480786A (en) * | 2013-09-27 | 2014-01-01 | 江苏太平洋精锻科技股份有限公司 | Shaft end bevel gear forging mould |
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| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN104723037A (en) | 2015-06-24 |
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