CN1256668C - Operating system automatically installing method applying Linux - Google Patents
Operating system automatically installing method applying Linux Download PDFInfo
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- CN1256668C CN1256668C CN 02153393 CN02153393A CN1256668C CN 1256668 C CN1256668 C CN 1256668C CN 02153393 CN02153393 CN 02153393 CN 02153393 A CN02153393 A CN 02153393A CN 1256668 C CN1256668 C CN 1256668C
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Abstract
The present invention discloses a method for completing the automatic installation of an operating system by using Linux. The Linux of an open source code is used as the operational environment of a bottom layer. A RamDisk is established in the internal memory of a computer and the Linux operational environment is transferred to the Ramdisk. A file structure is arranged according to the structure of an XML format. Corresponding answering scripts for the automatic installation of the operating system are established through different kinds of OS. The method realizes the automatic detection of the hardware devices of the computer and the installation of hardware device drivers and thereby, the operating system of the computer is completely and automatically installed. The present invention automatically generates the answering scripts for the automatic installation of the operating system and scripts for system arrangement according to the actual conditions of the hardware devices on the target computer, realizes the automatic installation of different operating systems in a real sense, which causes automatically installed systems to be used with computers but does not need to be additionally matched with other devices, and has the advantage of low cost.
Description
Technical field:
The present invention relates to a kind of on stand-alone computer automatic installing operating system, and automatically detection hardware equipment belongs to computing machine and areas of information technology so that the method for corresponding apparatus driver to be installed.
Background technology:
Installing operating system correctly on a computer platform, all hardware equipment can both normally be worked, concerning the layman, it is a very complicated and difficult thing, especially to having the server platform of many special hardware equipment, even the maintainer of specialty can feel that also installation process is too loaded down with trivial details, needing to possess suitable experience especially could successfully make system turn round well.
At this problem, a kind of solution is: adopt embedded Windows as bottom running environment, according to the equipment situation on the object computer, determine ready made embedded OS, reply the installation that script is realized the operating system that can move substantially by the automatic installation of destination OS again; Another solution is: by specific client configuration software, the client workstation of networking is with it carried out the automatic configuration of operating system from server, realize the automatic installation of operating system on the client workstation.These methods have been finished this work of wasting time and energy to some extent.
But, there are problems in these methods in autoinstall procedure, as: do not support the setting of many network interface cards, the administrator password can not be set, can not truly realize the automatic installation of different operating system, can not make the system of automatic installation available at random, need carry out additional configuration at concrete computing machine, the expense that needs extra support operation system installation system ring mirror, the cost height.
Summary of the invention:
Fundamental purpose of the present invention is at the deficiencies in the prior art, and a kind of method that the complete operation system installs automatically on stand-alone computer is provided.
Another object of the present invention is to the method that a kind of automatic detection hardware equipment is provided and the corresponding apparatus driver is installed.
The present invention is achieved by the following technical solutions:
A kind of method of using Linux complete operation system to install automatically may further comprise the steps at least:
Step 1: in the internal memory of computer system, set up a RamDisk;
Step 2: the Linux running environment that will build up is transplanted among the RamDisk;
Step 3: obtain the ID attribute of the computing machine all hardware equipment of current operation in the Linux environment that in RamDisk, moves, and, obtain the path at driver place, generate corresponding system simultaneously script is set by this Attribute Recognition hardware device;
Step 4: the Linux running environment in RamDisk is carried out personal settings to operating system;
Step 5:, generate corresponding operating system and automatically install and reply script and system is provided with script, and store this two script and respective operations system installation file and system's setting program into discern memory device by step 3 according to this personalized configuration information;
Step 6: restart computer system, the operating system installation program is replied script and system's setting program according to installing automatically, finishes the installation of selected operating system on this computer system automatically.
The step of setting up RamDisk in computer system is:
Step 100: start object computer;
Step 101: load linux kernel, kernel starts;
Step 102: initialization peripheral hardware, loading tasks;
Step 103: RamDisk is decompressed, set up root device, and in internal memory, start the root system system.
The establishment step of described Linux running environment is:
Step 200: the compiling configuration file, the linux kernel of generation open source code is used to support the various device Driven Dynamic to load;
Step 201: create linux system catalogue and environment configurations Run Script, form Linux running environment.
The method that moves into Linux running environment in RamDisk is:
Start object computer with the memory device that stores linux system bibliographic structure and environment configurations Run Script, system starts the environment configurations Run Script automatically, the linux system structure is inserted among the RamDisk of internal memory.
Described ID attribute comprises at least: identification of the manufacturer or device identification or sub-identification of the manufacturer or subset sign or its combination.
Described personal settings comprise at least: the selection of operating system or disk partition or user profile or network equipments configuration or system configuration or its combination.
Configuration information after the described personal settings forms the part of system's setting program.
The form of described disk partition further is included in the disk partition form of dividing destination OS under the different operating system.
The described network equipment is provided with more than one network interface card.
In described system configuration, also comprise password setting to the system manager.
Described ID attribute obtains by detecting the drive arrangements listed files
Described driver file and linux system are positioned at same, perhaps in the different storage device, and correspondingly are described and specify in the driver file configured list.
Described drive arrangements file layout is the XML form.
The present invention is according to the actual conditions of hardware device on the object computer, script is replied in the automatic installation of automatic generating run system and system is provided with script, and solved in the operating system autoinstall procedure such as not supporting the setting of many network interface cards, problems such as administrator password can not being set, truly realizing the automatic installation of different operating system, make that the system of automatic installation is available at random, and needn't carry out additional configuration at concrete computing machine again.And solution of the present invention is based upon on the Linux basis of open source code, avoided the expense of the system environments that extra support operation system installs, and saved greatly and realized the cost that operating system is installed automatically, and cost is low, performance is high.
Description of drawings:
Fig. 1 is a process flow diagram of creating RamDisk in internal memory;
The process flow diagram that Fig. 2 installs automatically for utilization Linux complete operation system.
Embodiment:
The present invention will be described in detail below in conjunction with specific embodiments and the drawings.
The present invention adopts the Linux of open source code as bottom running environment, combine the LinuxRamDisk technology, construct the configuration file structure with XML, by different operating system (OperatingSystem, be called for short OS) install automatically accordingly and reply script, thus provide a kind of automatic detection computations machine system hardware equipment, installation hardware device driver that the method for computer operating system intactly is installed automatically.
A kind of method of using Linux complete operation system to install automatically may further comprise the steps:
Step 1: in the internal memory of computer system, set up a RamDisk.Its process is as shown in Figure 1:
Step 100: start object computer;
Step 101: load linux kernel, kernel starts;
Step 102: initialization peripheral hardware, loading tasks;
Step 103: initial RamDisk is decompressed, set up root device/dev/root, in internal memory, start the root system system;
Step 2: the Linux running environment that will build up is transplanted among the RamDisk.
The step of creating Linux running environment is:
Step 200: the compiling configuration file, the linux kernel of generation open source code makes it can support the various device Driven Dynamic to load;
Be the example of the part of a linux kernel configuration file below:
1、#Loadable?module?support
2、CONFIG_MODULES＝y
3、CONFIG_MODVERSIONS＝y
4、CONFIG_KMOD＝y
5、#SCSI?support
6、CONFIG_SCSI＝m
7、CONFIG_BLK_DEV_SD＝y
Wherein, the 2nd line display is provided with the support dlm (dynamic loading module);
The 3rd line display is provided with the kernel version information in module;
The 4th line display is provided with kernel can load required module automatically;
The 6th line display is provided with supports the SCSI memory device;
The 7th line display is supported the SCSI hard disk.
Similarly, edit each option, make linux kernel that support to various types of hardware device drivers module dynamic load is provided as required.
Step 201: create and support patterned linux system catalogue and environment configurations Run Script to form Linux running environment.
Realize to patterned support that by under basic linux system environment, adding the Xfree86 routine package this routine package is based on the figure support facility of Linux.
Be the part example of supporting patterned Linux bibliographic structure below:
Bin: this catalogue comprises the basic command of some application programs;
Dev: this catalogue comprises various device reflection;
Etc: this catalogue comprises various CONFIG.SYSs;
Lib: this catalogue comprises the support storehouse of system operation;
Sbin: this catalogue has comprised the part system command of Linux;
Usr: this catalogue has comprised the setting of user environment.
Be the example of the part of environment configurations script below:
1./sbin/insmod/lib/cdrom/cdrom.o
2./sbin/insmod/lib/cdrom/ide-cd.o
3.mount-t?iso9660-o?ro/dev/hda/mnt/cdrom
4.mke2fs/dev/ram2
5.mount-t?ext2/dev/ram2/usr
6.tar-zxvf/mnt/cdrom/usr.tar-C/usr
7.tar-zxvf/mnt/cdrom/sbin.tar-C/sbin
8.tar-zxvf/mnt/cdrom/bin.tar-C/bin
9.tar-zxvf/mnt/cdrom/etc.tar-C/etc
10.tar-zxvf/mnt/cdrom/lib.tar-C/lib
11.tar-zxvf/mnt/cdrom/modules.tar-C/usr/modules
12.tar-zxvf/mnt/cdrom/root.tar-C/root
Wherein, the capable support that adds CD-ROM drive of 1-2, the capable RamDisk that creates in internal memory of 4-5, the linux system that 6-12 is about to build insert among the RamDisk in the internal memory.To support patterned linux system catalogue and environment configurations Run Script to be stored among the CDROM, behind this optical disk start-up object computer, system starts the environment configurations Run Script automatically, above-mentioned linux system architecture is inserted among the ramdisk of internal memory, to start a linux running environment.
Step 3: pass through to detect the drive arrangements file in the Linux environment that in internal memory, moves, obtain the ID attributes such as Vendor ID, Device ID, SubVendor ID and SubDevice ID of the computing machine all hardware equipment of current operation, these combinations of attributes become the unique ID of this hardware device, with this ID Attribute Recognition hardware device is memory device or other hardware device, and the path and the system that obtain the driver place are provided with script file.
The deposit position of driver file both can be a memory device of placing linux system, also can be a certain definite memory device that links to each other with main frame.And correspondingly, described in the driver deployment listed files, appointment.
After having started a Linux environment, according to the equipment on the drive arrangements file detection object computer, generate an interim driver deployment file that is directed to object computer, if this equipment is memory device, obtain path and automatic install driver that corresponding memory device driver is deposited; Be other hardware device, make up operating system script file is set,, install the driver of its corresponding hardware equipment automatically for destination OS in order in the autoinstall procedure of destination OS.
This drive arrangements file is the XML filespec.
Be the example of the part of XML filespec drive arrangements file below:
1.<devices>
2.<device?name＝″e100″type＝″network″vendorid＝″8086″
deviceid＝″1229″subvendorid＝″8086″subdeviceid＝″1050″
devicefile＝″/network/e100/e100.xml″/>
3.<device?name＝″scsi7899″type＝″storage″vendorid＝″9005″
deviceid＝″00cf″subvendorid＝″15d9″subdcviceid＝″9005″
devicefile＝″/storage/aic7xxx/aic7xxx.xml″/>
4.<device?name＝″scsiraid2100″type＝″storage″vendorid＝″1044″
deviceid＝″a501″subvendorid＝″1044″subdeviceid＝″c03c?″
devicefile＝″/storage/dpt_i2o/xml/dpt_i2o.xml″/>
5.</devices>
Wherein, the 1st row, the 5th behavior element tags, the concrete element of 2-4 behavior is described, and is the drive arrangements information of each equipment of computing machine at this.Wherein, Vendor represents identification of the manufacturer, Device indication equipment sign, and SubVendor represents sub-identification of the manufacturer, SubDevice represents the subset sign,
Step 4: the Linux running environment in internal memory RamDisk starts a graphic user interface (graphical user interfaces, be called for short GUI), operating system is carried out personal settings, comprises operating system selection, disk partition, user profile, network configuration and system configuration etc.
The form that the customization of operating system disk subregion is divided can be divided into FAT (file allocationtable, file allocation table) form, NTFS (NT file system, the file system of NT) form, FAT32 (file allocation table 32,32 file allocation table) form, and can be by specifying size to create the division.Select creating the NTFS subregion in this example, is to create under the linux system of RamDisk environment in running on internal memory to the division of NTFS subregion wherein.
When the input user profile the time, comprise at least: user's name, Subscriber Unit, computer name, time zone, location.
When the network equipment was configured, required information comprised: information such as the territory of adding, working group, selection network interface card.Wherein, select the network interface card place, all network card equipments on the target computer platform can be retrieved, and tabulation shows, thereby the configuration that each network interface card is correlated with respectively is as IP (internet Protocol, Internet protocol) address, subnet mask, DNS (Domain Name Server, name server) parameters such as server, Wins (windows internet name server, the interconnected user name server of windows) server, default gateway.These configuration information systems of saving as are provided with the part of script, and in the autoinstall procedure of operating system, call this system's setting program and finish a plurality of network card equipments on the computer platform are carried out disposable installation, but guarantee after operating system installation is finished all operate as normal of each network interface card.This method has avoided the automatic installation script of part operation system can not support the limitation of many network interface cards.
When carrying out system configuration, but input manager person's password password.The password system of saving as of input is provided with the part of script, and in the operating system autoinstall procedure, calls this system's setting program and finish setting the administrator password.The limitation that this method has avoided the automatic installation script of part operation system can not the back-up system administrator password to be provided with.
Step 5: according to this personalized configuration information, generate corresponding operating system and automatically install and reply script and system is provided with script, and this two script and relative operation system installation file and system's setting program are stored on the memory device that is identified by step 3.
Be the example that operating system is installed a part of replying script automatically below:
1、[Unattended]
2、OemPreinstall＝yes
3、TargetPath＝WINNT
4、FileSystem＝ConvertNTFS
5、[MassStorageDrivers]
6、″Adaptec?AHA-2940/AIC-78xx?SCSI?Driver，Windows?NT?4.0″＝″OEM″
7、″IDE?CD-ROM(ATAPI?1.2)/PCI?IDE?Controller″＝″OEM″
8、[UserData]
9、FullName＝″Your?Name″
10、OrgName＝″Your?Group″
11、ComputerName＝Your?ComputerName
12、ProductId＝″xxxxx-xxxxx-xxxxx-xxxxx-xxxxx″
In this part sample script, one is divided into that three joints: 1-4 is capable to be used to specify automatic installation general information; 5-7 is used to specify detected memory device on the object computer; The capable user profile that is used to specify of 8-12.
Be the example that system is provided with the part of script below, adjust this configuration script at the different hardware environment of computing machine, as the setting of many network interface cards, setting of administrator password or the like, make an explanation according to these configuration scripts by system's setting program, and finally operating system is installed automatically and adjust accordingly.
＜device type=" device type " vendorid=" supplier number " deviceid=" device numbering " subvendorid=" sub-supplier number " subdeviceid=" subset id " 〉
<redhat>
＜version〉supported version number＜/version 〉
＜version〉supported version number＜/version 〉
＜precomment〉before installing prompting＜/precomment
＜postcomment〉after installing prompting＜/postcomment
＜driver type=" driving type " img=" driving mirror image file path "/〉
＜prescript〉kickstart pre script＜/prescript 〉
＜postscript〉kickstart post script＜/postscript 〉
</redhat>
<turbo>
＜version〉supported version number＜/version 〉
＜version〉supported version number＜/version 〉
＜precomment〉before installing prompting＜/precomment
＜postcomment〉after installing prompting＜/postcomment
＜driver type=" driving type " img=" driving mirror image file path "/〉
＜prescript〉kickstart pre script＜/prescript 〉
＜postscript〉kickstart post script＜/postscript 〉
</turbo>
</device>
Step 6: reset computer system, give the operating system installation program, make it reply the requirement of script and system's setting program, finish the installation of the selected operating system on this computer system automatically according to automatic installation with control.
In sum, the idiographic flow installed automatically of utilization Linux complete operation system is referring to Fig. 2: create Linux running environment in object computer internal memory RamDisk; Obtain the object computer hardware device ID number, and be combined into ID number of this hardware device of unique identification; Number in the driver deployment file, obtain drive pate and generation system is provided with script according to device id; The definite destination OS that will install; Determine the zoned format and the size of installation targets operating system, and in Linux running environment, create as required; Configure user information; Configuration network information, system is provided with script at many network interface cards corresponding modify; Reply script according to automatic installation of above configuration generating run system; Start the operating system and install automatically, according to system script calling system setting program is set and carries out system's setting.
It should be noted that at last: above embodiment is only in order to explanation and unrestricted technical scheme of the present invention; Although with reference to above-mentioned all embodiments the present invention is had been described in detail, those of ordinary skill in the art can not deny: each technical characterictic among the present invention still can be done corresponding modification, adjusts or be equal to replacement; But all do not break away from any modification or partial replacement of the spirit and scope of the present invention, all should be disclosed technical characterictic, and all should be encompassed in the middle of the claim scope of the present invention.
Claims (13)
1, a kind of method of using Linux complete operation system to install automatically is characterized in that: may further comprise the steps at least:
Step 1: in the internal memory of computer system, set up a RamDisk;
Step 2: the Linux running environment that will build up is transplanted among the RamDisk;
Step 3: obtain the ID attribute of the computing machine all hardware equipment of current operation in the Linux environment that in RamDisk, moves, and, obtain the path at driver place, generate corresponding system simultaneously script is set by this Attribute Recognition hardware device;
Step 4: the Linux running environment in RamDisk is carried out personal settings to operating system;
Step 5:, generate corresponding operating system and automatically install and reply script and system is provided with script, and store this two script and respective operations system installation file and system's setting program into discern memory device by step 3 according to this personalized configuration information;
Step 6: restart computer system, the operating system installation program is replied script and system's setting program according to installing automatically, finishes the installation of selected operating system on this computer system automatically.
2, the automatic method of installing of utilization Linux complete operation system according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the step of setting up RamDisk in computer system is:
Step 100: start object computer;
Step 101: load linux kernel, kernel starts;
Step 102: initialization peripheral hardware, loading tasks;
Step 103: RamDisk is decompressed, set up root device, and in internal memory, start the root system system.
3, the automatic method of installing of utilization Linux complete operation system according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the establishment step of described Linux running environment is:
Step 200: the compiling configuration file, the linux kernel of generation open source code is used to support the various device Driven Dynamic to load;
Step 201: create linux system catalogue and environment configurations Run Script, form Linux running environment.
4, the automatic method of installing of utilization Linux complete operation system according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the method that moves into Linux running environment in RamDisk is:
Start object computer with the memory device that stores linux system bibliographic structure and environment configurations Run Script, system starts the environment configurations Run Script automatically, the linux system structure is inserted among the RamDisk of internal memory.
5, the automatic method of installing of utilization Linux complete operation system according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described ID attribute comprises at least: identification of the manufacturer or device identification or sub-identification of the manufacturer or subset sign or its combination.
6, the automatic method of installing of utilization Linux complete operation system according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described personal settings comprise at least: selection operation system or disk partition or user profile or network equipments configuration or system configuration or its combination.
7, the automatic method of installing of utilization Linux complete operation system according to claim 6 is characterized in that: a part that the configuration information after the personal settings is formed system's setting program.
8, the automatic method of installing of utilization Linux complete operation system according to claim 6, it is characterized in that: described disk partition form is the disk partition form of phase XOR same operation system.
9, the automatic method of installing of utilization Linux complete operation system according to claim 6, it is characterized in that: the described network equipment is provided with more than one network interface card.
10, the automatic method of installing of utilization Linux complete operation system according to claim 6 is characterized in that: also comprise in described system configuration system manager's password configuration information.
11, the automatic method of installing of utilization Linux complete operation system according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described ID attribute obtains by detecting the drive arrangements file.
12, the automatic method of installing of utilization Linux complete operation system according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described driver file is arranged in same or different memory devices with linux system, and correspondingly is described and specifies in the driver file configured list.
13, the automatic method of installing of utilization Linux complete operation system according to claim 11, it is characterized in that: described drive arrangements file layout is the XML form.
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| WO2008023220A1 (en) * | 2006-08-23 | 2008-02-28 | Chan Kam-Fu | Running operating system on dynamic virtual memory |
| US8522234B2 (en) * | 2007-02-05 | 2013-08-27 | Microsoft Corporation | Tailoring an operating system to a computer system |
| CN101499067B (en) * | 2008-02-01 | 2012-01-04 | 英业达股份有限公司 | Method for acquiring files in form of Windows XML files in Linux system |
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| CN102053848A (en) * | 2009-11-06 | 2011-05-11 | 英业达集团(天津)电子技术有限公司 | Automatic installation method for Linux operating system |
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