Background technology
Three phases has been experienced in the development of computation schema substantially, i.e. mainframe stage, personal computer stage, and network calculations stage.
In the network calculations stage, higher in order to solve the price that PC faced when using, the maintenance and management complexity, the user uses inconvenience, and shortcoming such as poor stability, and some big computer vendors begin to develop the network computer of technology Network Based both at home and abroad.Network computer (the NetworkComputer that proposes in nineteen ninety-five such as the Ellison of Oracle company, NC), the NetPC that Microsoft proposes, WBT (Windows Based Terminal), and the various thin clients (Thin Client) of other companies' releases etc.These are based on the network computer of embedded OS and intelligent terminal technology, generally all use terminal emulation protocol (such as RDP, Remote Desktop Protocol), the required software of operation on server, and the mode of result by graphical interfaces returned to the terminal use.Though this network computer has reduced the workload of maintenance and management to a certain extent, fail safe is also better, can not satisfy some conventional demands of applications.Such as when client machine in operation during multimedia application because decoding moves on server, therefore very high to the requirement of server.The network computer number that common server can be supported simultaneously is very limited.Simultaneously, because operating system is to be solidificated among the ROM or Flash ROM of network computer, therefore upgrading is very difficult, and autgmentability is also poor.These shortcomings have limited the extensive use of network computer.
In order to solve above-mentioned network computer existing problem in application, the applicant has proposed a kind of new model network computer (Chinese invention patent number: ZL03122022.3, a kind of network computer of local no operating system, the new model network computer is called for short in the back).This new model network computer mainboard is provided with a startup chip that is used for the long-range loading of operating system, and after powering up startup, this network computer is downloaded the operating system mirror image and carried out the long-range loading of complete operation system from server.After this program or data on the access server as required again.This new model network computer can allow the user select the operating system of required operation, because software is at the client computer local runtime, significantly reduced the running load of server, thereby strengthened the network computer application flexibility and made it have very strong extended capability, and can support abundant desktop application.
In order to save the memory space of server, reduce the software cost of use, and the fail safe of enhanced system, in this new model network computer system, all terminals are all shared a read-only operation system image, so in the loading procedure of operating system, the more necessary configuration parameters of operating system self-operating, such as machine name, the IP address, system login name, login password, user's private room mappings etc. must dynamically provide when operation.If these configuration parameters are provided with manual mode by the user who uses, very big problem will be brought.The first, user and unclear these parameters that how to provide; The second, mode by hand provides these parameters and very easily makes mistakes.Therefore, need a kind of new method of invention to come automatic loading that needed configuration parameter is provided for operating system.Though can make server remember the configuration parameter that the user imports for the first time by certain means, in the initialization procedure afterwards, utilize these parameter informations to come the loading of complete operation system then.But this method can not be accomplished user's plug and play.It needs the professional in initial installation system, and is manual to every corresponding initiation parameter of machine assignment.If in the time of need increasing or replace a machine because of certain reason, also need the professional to carry out initial configuration.This brings great inconvenience will for the deployment and the replacing of product.
At present, the DHCP that IETF (the Internet engineering duty group) proposes (Dynamic HostConfiguration Protocol, required parameter in the time of DHCP) can being used to computer to provide Intemet agreements such as host name and IP address to load.But this mode in realization at present, can not satisfy according to certain naming mechanism and distribute automatically and the function of obtaining for computer provides computer name.Simultaneously, needed other configuration parameters when this agreement also can not be finished the loading of distribution network computer operating system, such as the system login name, login password, the position of registry file, the position of user's private room and size restriction etc.
Also have some other obtain the method for configuration parameter automatically at the PC start-up course, such as before os starting, just by with the communicating by letter of server, need to obtain the operating system configuration file and the position thereof of change, then after upgrading these configuration files, reload operating system, thereby reach the purpose that configuration parameter obtains automatically.But because in the startup of above-mentioned new model network computer, all terminating machines can not be revised the operating system image file of sharing before loading.Therefore, this method also is not suitable for above-mentioned new model network computer.
As mentioned above, present employed computer manual or configuration parameter distribution automatically and acquisition methods all can not satisfy the new model network computer configuration parameter is distributed and the needs that obtain automatically.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to produce automatically at the configuration parameter that the new model network computer is faced in the os starting process, the problem of distributing and obtaining, a kind of automatic distribution and acquisition methods that is used for based on network computer configurating parameter proposed, can be used for the distribution of new model network computer start-up course configuration parameter and obtain fully automatically and carry out, need not the user carry out initialization by hand, realize the plug and play of network computer, fully to user transparent.
The automatic distribution and the acquisition methods that are used for based on network computer configurating parameter that the present invention proposes, after client operation system loads device was downloaded all or part of operating system and is mirrored to the client internal memory, the value of using the inventive method at first to finish required all configuration parameters of this client was distributed automatically; After this in the loading procedure of operating system, a certain if desired configuration parameter then utilizes the inventive method again, obtains the value of this configuration parameter automatically.
The performing step of the inventive method comprises as shown in Figure 1:
1) user end to server sends the configuration parameter request for allocation;
2) server by utilizing parameter allocation rule storehouse and configuration parameter storehouse are distributed this client configuration parameter, and configuration parameter distribution result message is returned to client;
3) client is correspondingly processed according to the results messages that server returns: promptly as the message returned for distributing or being allocated successfully message, then continue execution the 4th) step; Otherwise to the user report mistake and interrupt implementation;
4) client as needing configuration parameter, is then sent configuration parameter to server and is obtained request in the process of load operation system;
5) recorded information of this client configuration parameter in the server lookup configuration parameter storehouse, and Query Result message returned to client;
6) client is correspondingly processed according to the results messages that server returns: be that configuration parameter obtains success message as the message of returning promptly, then obtain required parameter value and continue to carry out the 7th) step; Otherwise, to the user report mistake and interrupt implementation;
7) client parameter value that server is returned passes to operating system loader or operating system;
8) above-mentioned steps 4) to 7) carry out repeatedly as required, all obtain up to the required configuration parameter of client and finish.
The detailed process of above step as shown in Figure 2, wherein:
In above-mentioned step 1), the concrete steps that client is sent the configuration parameter request for allocation are as follows:
(1) with a superuser logon server that can send the configuration parameter request for allocation;
(2) send the unique identification (such as network interface card hardware address that can a client of unique identification in Ethernet) of client to server, and request distributes the configuration parameter of this client;
In above-mentioned step 2) in, the concrete steps of server-assignment configuration parameter are as follows:
(1) identity and the password of checking superuser are if non-rule is refused next step operation;
(2) according to the unique identification of this client, whether inquiry has the configuration parameter record of this sign (client) in the configuration parameter storehouse, if the configuration parameter record of this sign is arranged, then returns assignment messages to client; If following step (3) then do not carried out in the record that should identify;
(3) in parameter allocation rule storehouse, the configuration parameter allocation rule that inquiring user had defined already, and according to this rule the parameter value (such as machine name, IP address, network entry name and login password etc.) of all configuration parameters to be allocated of defining in the client distributing configuration parameters storehouse;
(4) server is opened the configuration parameter storehouse with exclusive mode, and therein for this client increases a record, and the parameter value of this client is write in this record;
(5), then return and be allocated successfully message to client if above-mentioned step (4) runs succeeded; If failed message is not then returned in success;
In above-mentioned step 4), the concrete steps that client is obtained configuration parameter are as follows:
(1) with domestic consumer's login parameters configuration server, this domestic consumer is only with query argument;
(2) send the unique identification of client to server, and the title of required query argument (such as machine name), request obtains the value of this configuration parameter;
In above-mentioned step 5), the concrete steps in server lookup configuration parameter storehouse are as follows:
(1) identity and the password of checking domestic consumer are if non-rule is refused next step operation;
(2) according to the unique identification of this client, in the configuration parameter storehouse inquiry this identify pairing record;
(3) the relevant parameter value in this record in the configuration parameter storehouse is returned to client, and return and obtain success message;
(4) if any one procedure failure in the said process then returns and obtains failed message.
Above-mentioned steps 2) the parameter allocation rule storehouse in has defined the automatic allocation rule of parameter, it be by the user in system initialization, predefined span, naming rule, and allocation rule about configuration parameter.If parameter value is a numerical value, then be its span of definition:, then define its naming rule if parameter value is a string value.Allocation rule can be preemption, also can be for other any method of salary distribution, as the Random assignment rule.
Above-mentioned steps 2) and 5) in the configuration parameter storehouse can be database, also can be ordinary file.But wherein Cun Chu data must be the forms of data-base recording.It has write down the various parameter values that each client is distributed.Every client is distinguished mutually with its unique identification.The configuration parameter storehouse can be retrieved fast with this unique identification.
Principle of the present invention:
The inventive method is mainly used in mainboard and is provided with a new model network computer that is used for the remote activation chip (ROM or Flash ROM) of the long-range loading of operating system.After the new model network computer is powered startup, the startup chip on the mainboard will obtain the control of system.Be stored in the remote boot protocols that starts in the chip and will download all or part of operating system mirror image, and utilize this operating system mirror image of local resource load operating of network computer from server.In the process of load operating operating system, at first send the request that parameter is distributed to server, after this again in needs operating system configuration parameter, obtain to server again.
Main feature technique effect of the present invention:
The present invention mainly finishes in the loading procedure of aforesaid operations system, when needs obtain the operating system parameter (such as machine name, the IP address, virtual disk mapping catalogue or file, the network login name and land password etc.) when finishing the configuration of system, how by network computer by obtaining the parameters needed value with server interaction, and do not need user's manual input.Promptly under the situation that does not need user intervention, distribute automatically and configuration network computer starting process in the parameter value of required configuration parameter.
What the present invention can realize that configuration parameter in the network computer start-up course distributes and obtain carries out fully automatically.
When network computer starts for the first time, as long as defined the parameter allocation rule, server will produce the parameter value of desired parameters automatically according to rule.Because the allocation rule of parameter is can advance planning good, intervention that therefore need not the terminal use; Even also can need not project installation personnel's intervention, accomplish plug and play fully.
The present invention utilizes web services technologies to realize the automatic distribution of parameter and obtains, and has avoided because fail safe that conventional method caused and shared problems of conflicting such as file coverings.
The present invention can be used for the automatic distribution of any desired parameters and obtain, and extensibility is very strong.
Method of the present invention does not rely on any operating system.
Embodiment
The present invention proposes a kind of automatic distribution that is used for based on network computer configurating parameter and acquisition methods reaches accompanying drawing in conjunction with the embodiments and further specifies as follows:
Configuration parameter when present embodiment is new model network computer remote download operation Windows 98 operating systems distributes and acquisition methods automatically.
Present embodiment is with automatic acquisition machine name, the IP address, and the network entry name, and the network entry password is that example describes.The automatic distribution of other types configuration parameter and obtain and can be according to circumstances realize according to this method.
At first, the requirement according to the operation of new model network computer sets client and server.On this client, be provided for the remote activation chip (ROM or Flash ROM) of the long-range loading of operating system.This server is an ordinary PC.Windows 2000 operating systems are installed on the server, the remote download service is installed above.In addition, utilize the shared-file system of Windows 2000 to provide file service for client operation Windows 98.
On the server of present embodiment, also resident have the configuration parameter storehouse, and parameter allocation rule storehouse.
The server of indication is embodied as a finger daemon that resides on the server in the present embodiment among the present invention.Its monitor network number (for example: 00000001) and port numbers (for example: 31028).Its service NCSERVER by name.
The configuration parameter storehouse is used to deposit the configuration parameter distribution condition of distributing to known client.In the present embodiment, the method for employing charting is carried out the record of parameter.
As shown in the table.Wherein the hardware address ID of client is represented on first hurdle.The title and the parameter value thereof of each configuration parameter represented on second hurdle later on respectively.
ID | Parameter 1 | Parameter 2 | … | Parameter n |
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Parameter allocation rule stock is put the generation and the allocation rule of parameter.The generation of various different parameters and allocation rule may be different.Therefore the method that will come selective rule to represent according to the scope of the type of different parameters and parameter value is such as adopting production rule.Below with machine name, the IP address, network entry name and network entry password are that example is illustrated respectively.
The generation of machine name and allocation rule.Sequencing when the generation of machine name can utilize client required parameter configuration for the first time, rule produces in order.The user can define the prefix of machine name, for example NC; The figure place of order numeral is such as 3.According to such rule, the machine name that the machine of first request distribution obtains will be NC001, and second is NC002, and the like.
The allocation rule of IP address.As long as the IP address is the scope that definition distributes, and rule for distribution, such as being the principle of distributing according to successively, or the principle of Random assignment.For example in the present embodiment, the range of distribution of IP address is 192.168.0.10~192.168.0.90, the method that the employing order is distributed successively.
The network entry name is the same with the generation and the allocation rule of machine name with login password, as long as produce and distribute according to certain rule, assurance can not conflict just.In the present embodiment, the network entry name adopts generation and the allocation rule the same with machine name with login password.
After clear and definite parameter allocation rule storehouse and configuration parameter storehouse, server just can provide configuration parameter to distribute automatically for client and obtains and served according to the method for the invention.When using the present invention to obtain the needed configuration parameter of os starting automatically, client machine does not need to do any change.As long as on server, revise the operating system mirror image that client will be downloaded, make it carry out work according to method of the present invention.
The specific implementation step of present embodiment is as follows:
1) user end to server sends the configuration parameter request for allocation;
In the new model network computing system, download Windows 98 when client from server and start mirror image (this starts mirror image and can be generated and be revised by relevant instrument), load operating Windows 98 is started mirror image, will start to the real pattern state of Windows 98.In the present embodiment, client is in order to carry out and the communicating by letter of server, and the real pattern UNDI that loads network interface card drives, and initialization NWLink IPX/SPX agreement.After this, just can be achieved as follows concrete steps:
(1) client is with a superuser logon server that can send the configuration parameter request for allocation;
In the present embodiment, the Service name that the client utilization is set (for example: NCSERVER), network number (for example: 00000001) and port numbers (for example: 31028) to be positioned at parameter configuration device on the server send user name (for example: ncauconf) and password (for example: ncauconf), ask authentication.
(2) user end to server sends the unique identification of self, and request distributes the configuration parameter of this client;
In the present embodiment, client is sent the configuration parameter request for allocation to server after authentication is passed through.Implicit expression comprises the MAC Address of this machine in this request.
2) distribution of the configuration parameter of this client is finished in server by utilizing parameter allocation rule storehouse and configuration parameter storehouse, and configuration parameter distribution result message is returned to client;
Implementation step is as follows:
(1) if the non-rule of the identity of server authentication superuser and password is refused next step operation;
In the present embodiment,, then carry out next step work, otherwise stop carrying out if the username and password that sends is ncauconf.
(2) according to the unique identification of this client, whether inquiry has the configuration parameter record of this sign in the configuration parameter storehouse, if having, then returns assignment messages otherwise execution in step (3);
In the present embodiment, server at first will obtain the hardware address (being every ID that machine is unique) of client.Under the situation that a plurality of machines are asked simultaneously, server is wanted the request of cache user, the way that perhaps adopts a plurality of threads to serve.But must the attention parameters repository concurrency control of operation.In the present embodiment, adopt the method for servicing that arrives first first.After having served the request that a machine sends, serve the request that next machine sends over again.Server is according to the ID of client, and whether inquiry has existed the record of this ID in the configuration parameter storehouse.If exist, then show for this ID generation and distributed the relevant parameters value.Then server returns assignment messages to client.
(3) in parameter allocation rule storehouse, the parameter allocation rule that inquiring user has defined, and be the value that client is distributed needed configuration parameter according to this rule;
In the present embodiment, if do not inquire the record of this ID in the configuration parameter storehouse, server is then opened parameter allocation rule storehouse, distributes the relevant parameters value according to the allocation rule of parameter for this ID.Parameter allocation rule in the present embodiment as previously mentioned.For pick up speed, avoid the parameter value duplicate allocation, in the present embodiment, the parameter value that has produced according to rule and distribute is carried out record in the parameter configuration storehouse, the retrieval rate when adding the fast parameter distribution.
(4) server is opened the parameter configuration storehouse in exclusive mode after distributing the parameter value of various parameters for this ID, to the parameter assignment record that wherein increases this ID.
(5) if server distributes and writes the parameter configuration storehouse succeeds, then return and be allocated successfully message to client.If reason or other reasons because of parameter allocation rule in the parameter rule storehouse cause the parameter distribution unsuccessful, then return failed message, and provide the reason of failure to client.Such as the parameter rule failure, thereby the system for prompting keeper adjusts the parameter allocation rule.
3) client is correspondingly processed according to the results messages that server returns;
In the present embodiment, if client has been distributed or has been allocated successfully message, then continue to carry out, and control is returned to caller.Otherwise, then interrupt carrying out, and mistake informed the user.
4) client as needing configuration parameter, is then sent the request of obtaining to server in the process of load operation system; It comprises following two steps:
(1) client is with domestic consumer's logon server;
In the present embodiment, the Service name that client has been utilized setting (for example: NCSERVER), network number (for example: 00000001) and port numbers (for example: 31028) to be positioned at parameter configuration device on the server send user name (for example: ncgetpara) and password (for example: ncgetpara), ask authentication.
(2) user end to server sends the unique identification of client, and the title of institute's query configuration parameter;
In the present embodiment, client sends the MAC Address of this client to server after authentication is passed through, and the configuration parameter name (MName) that need obtain.
5) the configuration parameter recorded information in the server lookup configuration parameter storehouse, and Query Result returned to client; It comprises the steps:
(1) identity of server authentication domestic consumer and password are if non-rule refusal is carried out next step;
In the present embodiment, if this requesting users name and password all are ncguest, if the verification passes, then proceed next step; Otherwise return error message.
(2) server is according to the unique identification of client, the record of this sign of inquiry in the configuration parameter storehouse;
In the present embodiment, server will at first obtain the MAC Address of this client, then with its make a check mark record in the query configuration parameter;
(3) server returns to client with the corresponding configuration parameter value that inquires;
In the present embodiment, if inquired the configuration parameter record of this client, then take out required configuration parameter (MName), and the parameter value of this configuration parameter is returned to client;
(4) if any one procedure failure in the said process then returns and obtains failed message;
6) client is done corresponding processing according to the message that server returns: if what promptly return is the parameter acquiring successful information, then continues to obtain the parameter value of other parameters, otherwise just return failure.
What at first obtain in the present embodiment, is the value of machine name (MName); Carry out if obtain obtaining success message then continue;
7) client passes to operating system mirror image or operating system with the value of configuration parameter;
This step is different according to the type of parameter, and the method for transmission is also different.In the present embodiment, the transmission method of machine name is as follows:
Utilize the machine name (such as NC001) that is obtained to generate a registry file (Autoname.reg), comprise following content:
The registry key that shows machine name:
[HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE System CurrentControlSet Services VxD VNETSUP] in the value of " ComputerName " be " NC001 ";
Another registry key that shows machine name:
[HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE System CurrentControlSet Control ComputerName ComputerName] in the value of " ComputerName " be " NC001 ";
Utilize the regedit.exe instrument that this registration table is imported in the registration table of Windows 98 then.Like this, just finished obtaining of machine name;
8) above-mentioned process 4) to 7) carry out repeatedly as required, all obtain automatically up to the needed configuration parameter of client and finish;
In the present embodiment, also need to obtain user login name and login password, and IP.
In the enforcement of obtaining user login name, 4) to 6) implementation of class that goes on foot and obtain machine name seemingly, configuration parameter Yhmc by name just; In an embodiment, user NC0001 by name;
The 7th) step in, the registry file of generation (Autoyhmc.reg) comprises following content:
The registry key that shows the active user:
[HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE System CurrentControlSet Control] in the value of " Current User " be " NC001 "
The value of " usemame " is " NC001 " in the list item [HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE Network Logon]
Another registry key that shows the network entry name:
[HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE Software Microsoft Windows CurrentVersion Winlogon] in the value of " usemame " be " NC001 "
Utilize the regedit.exe instrument that this registration table is imported in the registration table of Windows 98 then.Like this, just finished obtaining of login username.
In the enforcement of obtaining user login code, 4) to 6) implementation of class that goes on foot and obtain machine name seemingly, just the configuration parameter name is called Yhmm; In an embodiment, user login code is NC0001;
The 7th) step in, the registry file of generation (Autoyhmm.reg) comprises following content:
The registry key that shows active user's login password:
[HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE Software Microsoft Windows CurrentVersion Winlogon] in the value of " DefaultPassword " be " NC001 ";
In order to realize automatic login, also need increase following content:
The registry key that shows automatic input user login name and password:
[HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE Software Microsoft Windows CurrentVersion Winlogon] in the value of " AutoAdminLogon " be " 1 ";
Another registry key that shows automatic input login name and password:
[HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE Software Microsoft Windows CurrentVersion RunServices] in the value " RUNDLL32.exe TWEAKUI.CPL, TweakLogon " of " AutoLog ";
Utilize the regedit.exe instrument that this registration table is imported in the registration table of Windows 98 then.Like this, just finished obtaining of user login code.
In the enforcement of obtaining machine IP, 4) to 6) implementation of class that goes on foot and obtain machine name seemingly, just the configuration parameter name is called IP;
The 7th) step in, the method that IP is passed to operating system has two kinds.A kind of is the dhcp client module of the original Windows98 of replacement system, makes it obtain the IP address according to this method; Another kind is to be embodied as a driver, and it can transmit the IP parameter to kernel.
The configuration parameter that the present invention is based on network technology produces automatically, distributes, and the method for obtaining.The present invention has overcome the restriction to the configuration parameter type in the operating system parameter loads of existing method, has also overcome fail safe and the shared problem of conflicting of using the file covering method to be brought.Simultaneously, owing to increased the automatic generation and the allocation rule of parameter, need not the user carry out initialization by hand.The present invention has accomplished the plug and play of network computer, and has accomplished fully to user transparent.