CN1255632C - Cylinder means for enclosed compressor - Google Patents

Cylinder means for enclosed compressor Download PDF

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Publication number
CN1255632C
CN1255632C CNB031278558A CN03127855A CN1255632C CN 1255632 C CN1255632 C CN 1255632C CN B031278558 A CNB031278558 A CN B031278558A CN 03127855 A CN03127855 A CN 03127855A CN 1255632 C CN1255632 C CN 1255632C
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
cylinder
valve
valving
chamber
plate
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Fee Related
Application number
CNB031278558A
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Chinese (zh)
Other versions
CN1499079A (en
Inventor
李成泰
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Samsung Electronics Co Ltd
Original Assignee
Samsung Gwangju Electronics Co Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
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Publication date
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Publication of CN1499079A publication Critical patent/CN1499079A/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of CN1255632C publication Critical patent/CN1255632C/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Fee Related legal-status Critical Current

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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
    • F04B39/00—Component parts, details, or accessories, of pumps or pumping systems specially adapted for elastic fluids, not otherwise provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F04B25/00 - F04B37/00
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
    • F04B39/00—Component parts, details, or accessories, of pumps or pumping systems specially adapted for elastic fluids, not otherwise provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F04B25/00 - F04B37/00
    • F04B39/10—Adaptations or arrangements of distribution members
    • F04B39/1073—Adaptations or arrangements of distribution members the members being reed valves
    • F04B39/108—Adaptations or arrangements of distribution members the members being reed valves circular reed valves
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
    • F04B39/00—Component parts, details, or accessories, of pumps or pumping systems specially adapted for elastic fluids, not otherwise provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F04B25/00 - F04B37/00
    • F04B39/10—Adaptations or arrangements of distribution members
    • F04B39/1066—Valve plates
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
    • F04B39/00—Component parts, details, or accessories, of pumps or pumping systems specially adapted for elastic fluids, not otherwise provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F04B25/00 - F04B37/00
    • F04B39/10—Adaptations or arrangements of distribution members
    • F04B39/1073—Adaptations or arrangements of distribution members the members being reed valves
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
    • F04B39/00—Component parts, details, or accessories, of pumps or pumping systems specially adapted for elastic fluids, not otherwise provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F04B25/00 - F04B37/00
    • F04B39/12—Casings; Cylinders; Cylinder heads; Fluid connections
    • F04B39/125—Cylinder heads

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Compressor (AREA)

Abstract

A cylinder assembly for a hermetic compressor includes a cylinder block having a cylinder in which a piston reciprocates; a cylinder head connected to a cylinder block to seal the cylinder, the head having an inlet hole and being divided by a partition into a first and a second discharge chamber that serve as an outlet path. A valve assembly formed between the cylinder block and the cylinder head, which controls refrigerant outlet and inlet to and from the cylinder according to different refrigerant pressures inside and outside the cylinder. When a sound wave (that is created as the suction valve or the discharge valve hits the valve plate) escapes to a discharge valve through a first and second discharge chambers, sound transmission loss occurs due to boundary interference and as a result, the sound wave is reduced. By this method, noise can be reduced in operating the compressor.

Description

The cylinder unit that is used for hermetic compressor
Technical field
The present invention relates in general to compressor, relates in particular to the cylinder unit of hermetic compressor.
Background technique
Usually, as shown in figures 1 and 3, cylinder unit comprises seal casinghousing 100, is formed with driver element 200 and compression unit 300 in the sealing housing 100.
Seal casinghousing 100 comprises upper shell 110 and lower shell body 120, and inlet duct 130 is formed on 100 li of seal casinghousings.The bottom of lower shell body 100 includes lubricant oil.
Driver element 200 comprises the stator 210 that is fixed in the seal casinghousing 100, be rotated in rotor 220 in the stator 210 and integrally formed and with the crankshaft 230 of rotor 220 rotations with rotor 220.
Compression unit 300 comprises piston rod 310, and this piston rod is connecting the eccentric part 240 of crankshaft 230, and the circus movement of rotor 220 is converted into the front and back linear motion of piston 320, and piston 320 is connected an end of piston rod 310.Cylinder unit 400 receives and guides the to-and-fro motion of piston 320.
Cylinder unit 400 comprises cylinder block 420 with cylinder 410, is connected to cylinder block 420 with the cylinder head 430 of sealing cylinder 410 and the valving 440 that is set together with sealing gasket 480,490, and sealing gasket 480,490 is between cylinder block 420 and cylinder head 430.
As Figure 1-3, cylinder head 430 inside are divided into suction chamber 432 and discharge chamber 433 by dividing plate 431.Be formed with hand-hole 434 (Fig. 2) on a side of cylinder head 430, this hand-hole connects suction muffler 500 and suction chamber 432.
Cylinder block 420 has vent silencer 421, to weaken the noise of being given birth to by the compression refrigerant miscarriage.Vent silencer 421 is connected to the discharge chamber 433 of cylinder head 430 by outlet passage 422, and this outlet passage 422 is formed on a side of cylinder block 420.
Valving 440 comprises valve plate 450, suction valve 460 and expulsion valve 470.
Valve plate 450 has suction port 451 and exhaust port 452.The cylinder 410 of cylinder block 420 carries out liquid communication with the suction chamber 432 of cylinder head 430 by suction port 451.In addition, the cylinder 410 of cylinder block 420 carries out liquid communication with the discharge chamber 433 of cylinder head 430 by exhaust port 452.
Suction valve 460 is positioned near the cylinder block 420 of valve plate 450, so that open suction port 451 selectively.Part by excision suction valve door-plate 461 forms suction valve 460, and this suction valve door-plate 461 is between cylinder block 420 and valve plate 450.Expulsion valve 470 is positioned near the cylinder head 430 of valve plate 450, so that selectively open exhaust port 452.Exhaust port disabler 471 and retainer 472 alternately are formed on the rear portion of expulsion valve 470, with the lifting of control expulsion valve 470.Suction valve 460 and expulsion valve 470 freely move according to the pressure in the cylinder 410, thereby open and close suction port 451 and exhaust port 452, and this refrigerant that makes the refrigerant of suction chamber 432 enter 410 li in cylinder 410 and cylinder is discharged into discharges chamber 433 and become possibility.Be specifically described with reference to 3 pairs of existing cylinder units 400 of figure.
When piston 320 was shifted to the long end of its stroke from the upper end of its stroke, the negative pressure that cylinder is 410 li freely moved to open suction port 451 suction valve 460, shown in Fig. 3 dotted line, thereby makes refrigerant be inhaled into cylinder 410 by suction port 451.
Then, piston 320 is by shifting to the refrigerant of bringing in 410 li of compression cylinders of its stroke from the lower end of its stroke, thereby the pressure of cylinder 410 increases.As a result, suction valve 460 is close to suction port 451 under the high pressure effect of 410 li in cylinder, shown in the solid line among Fig. 3.
Again then, piston 320 further moves to the upper end of its preceding terminal point, and the pressure of cylinder 410 further increases.When piston 320 arrived the last terminal point of its stroke, the pressure that cylinder is 410 li reached its maximum value.At this moment, cylinder pressure moves expulsion valve 470 shown in solid line among Fig. 3, thereby opens exhaust port 452.Therefore, the compression refrigerant of 410 li in cylinder is discharged into 433 li of the discharge chambers of cylinder head 430 by exhaust port 452.
Therebetween, the piston 320 that has arrived its stroke upper end moves to its stroke lower end.In this moving process, expulsion valve 470 (because restoring force) moves near exhaust port 452 shown in solid line among Fig. 3, and suction valve 460 is opened suction port 451 when negative pressure is created in 410 li in cylinder.
Yet, when the expulsion valve 470 of the cylinder unit 400 of prior art opens and closes exhaust ports 452, by impacting valve plate 450 expulsion valve 470 cuts out from the neck portion 470a of expulsion valve 470 and from the restoring force of the curved section 471a of disabler 471.The energy that impacts valve plate 450 generations has produced the sound wave that a kind of noise causes, this sound wave is one of problem of traditional compressor: when compressor operating, produce noise.
In addition, traditional cylinder unit 400 has another defective: because the size of valve plate 450 and intake panel 461 is big, and because the labyrinth of valving 440 makes manufacture cost too high.
Summary of the invention
The present invention has overcome these problems of the prior art.Main purpose of the present invention provides a kind of quietly hermetic compressor.This can realize that the noise that produces is reached exhaust silencer by two in the cylinder head independent chambers of discharging like this by utilization sound transmisson loss principle when expulsion valve impacts valve plate.
Another object of the present invention is by adopting small-sized and simple valving to provide a kind of expense cheap cylinder unit for hermetic compressor.
Can realize that the novel cylinder unit of the described hermetic compressor of above purpose comprises: cylinder block, it has cylinder, and piston moves back and forth in described cylinder; Cylinder head, it is connected to cylinder block, with the sealing cylinder.This lid has been equipped hand-hole and has been discharged the chamber as first and second of discharge route.Valving is between cylinder block and cylinder head, and this valving is according to outflow and refrigerant the inflow to cylinder of the pressure difference inside and outside cylinder control refrigerant from cylinder.
Dividing plate has one or more attachment holes, discharges the chamber to connect first and second.Preferably, this dividing plate is columniform, its volume inside is defined as first discharges the chamber, and the valving seating surface that provides for valving mounted thereto is provided for it.Hand-hole is positioned at this dividing plate, but it is not connected to the first discharge chamber.With the external definition of this dividing plate is the second discharge chamber.
The preferred valve device has valve plate, and suction port and exhaust port are arranged on this valve plate, and wherein said suction port is used to make hand-hole and cylinder to form fluid and is communicated with, and described exhaust port is used to make cylinder and first to discharge chamber formation fluid and is communicated with.The suction valve door-plate has suction valve, is used for opening and closing suction port; The expulsion valve door-plate has expulsion valve, is used for opening and closing exhaust port.Sealing gasket is discharged the chamber thereby can seal hand-hole and first between expulsion valve door-plate and valving seating surface.The sealing spacer has cut-out, is used for ensureing and limiting the lifting stroke of described expulsion valve.
In addition, in the first discharge chamber disabler being set partly is worth, and this disabler is used for controlling the lifting of expulsion valve, and this expulsion valve is in the height identical or lower slightly with the valving seating surface.
Preferably, the cylinder sealing gasket between cylinder head and cylinder block in case the sealing cylinder.
Description of drawings
With reference to accompanying drawing, by the description to the preferred embodiments of the present invention, it is clearer that above-mentioned purpose of the present invention and feature will become, wherein:
Fig. 1 is a sectional drawing, shows traditional hermetic compressor;
Fig. 2 is a perspective exploded view, shows traditional cylinder unit;
Fig. 3 is a sectional drawing, shows the traditional cylinder unit shown in Figure 2 in the use;
Fig. 4 is a perspective exploded view, shows the cylinder unit according to the hermetic compressor of the preferred embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 5 is a sectional drawing, shows the cylinder unit of the present invention as shown in Figure 4 that it can occur when being assembled; And
Fig. 6 and Fig. 7 are sectional drawings, show cylinder unit according to the preferred embodiment of the invention, and it can occur in use.
Embodiment
Describe the cylinder unit that is used for hermetic compressor according to the preferred embodiment of the invention below with reference to the accompanying drawings in detail.In the description of this invention, components identical is represented by identical label.
As shown in Figure 4, the cylinder unit 600 according to hermetic compressor of the present invention comprises cylinder block 610, cylinder head 620 and valving 630.Cylinder block 610 has cylinder 611 and the vent silencer 612 (seeing Fig. 6 and Fig. 7) that has piston 320 (see figure 5)s, and vent silencer 612 is used for weakening the discharging pulse pressure from the refrigerant of cylinder 611 discharges.Outlet passage 613 is formed on the side of cylinder block 610, and this outlet passage 613 is connected exhaust silencer 612 on the cylinder.
Cylinder head 620 combines round cylinder 611 with cylinder block 610, and in the cylinder head 620 dividing plate 621 is arranged.(described dividing plate 621 can be to be different from columniform other shapes).In inside, cylinder head 620 is divided into first by dividing plate 621 and discharges the chamber 622 and the second discharge chamber 623.Be formed with hand-hole 624 and valving seating surface 625 in the inside of dividing plate 621, wherein cryogen flow flows into by described hand-hole, and control valve unit 630 is placed on the described valving seating surface 625.When hand-hole 624 was connected to the inlet duct 510 that combines with absorbing silencer 500, the refrigerant that absorbing silencer is 500 li was directed into hand-hole 624 by inlet duct 510.
The first discharge chamber 622 and second is discharged chamber 623 and by attachment hole 621a both is connected to each other, and wherein said attachment hole 621a is formed on the dividing plate 621, and second discharges chamber 623 links to each other with the outlet passage 613 of cylinder block 610.Can be equipped with a more than attachment hole 621a.The compression refrigerant of discharging from cylinder 611 is discharged into the first discharge chamber 622, is discharged into second by attachment hole 621a then and discharges chamber 623.
Discharge 622 li of chambers first, disabler part 626 is in the height identical or lower slightly with valving seating surface 625.Disabler part 626 is being controlled the lifting of the discharge valve 636 of valving 630, thereby discharge valve 636 opens and closes exhaust port 633b soon.
Valving 630 is columniform, and valving seating surface 625 accurately cooperates with dividing plate 621 like this.Valving 630 comprises sealing gasket 631, discharge valve 632, valve plate 633 and suction valve door-plate 634.Their are assigned into discharges 622 li of chambers, order successively be; Sealing gasket 631, expulsion valve door-plate 632, valve plate 633 and suction valve door-plate 634.Valving 630 and valve plate 621 are roughly at sustained height.
Suction port 631a, 632a, 633a are formed in sealing gasket 631, expulsion valve door-plate 632 and the suction valve door-plate 634, and described these suction ports are connecting hand-hole 624, and exhaust port 633b, 634a are formed on valve plates 633 and the suction valve door-plate 634.
By expulsion valve door-plate 632 and valving installation surface 625 are separated, sealing gasket 631 is guaranteed the lifting space of expulsion valve discharge chambers 622 636 towards first.In other words, sealing gasket 631 has cut-out 631b, and this cut-out produces the lifting space identical with sealing gasket 631 thickness between valving seating surface 625 and expulsion valve door-plate 632.Therefore, expulsion valve 636 can be discharged chamber 622 liftings towards first by cut-out 631b.
Inhaling valve 635 is arranged on suction valve door-plate 634, and this inhaling valve is formed in the described inhaling valve 635 with the form of part cutting, is used for opening selectively suction port 633a.Same form also can be applicable to be formed on the discharge valve 636 on the expulsion valve door-plate 632, so that open exhaust port 633b selectively.
Cylinder sealing gasket 640 is inserted between cylinder block 610 and the cylinder head 620, and this cylinder sealing gasket 640 is sealed in second and discharges between chamber 622 and the cylinder 611, to prevent that any refrigerant is from flowing out between the two.Port hole 640a is arranged in the part of cylinder sealing gasket 640, be used for connecting the outlet passage of the second discharge chamber 623 and cylinder block 610.
When valving 630 was installed on the dividing plate 621, it was assemblied in the protruding part of dividing plate 621 exactly.Further, when cylinder block 610 was pressed to cylinder head 620 with valving 630, the projection of valving 630 was pushed in the dividing plate 621, thereby valving 630 and cylinder sealing gasket 640 voidlessnesss are assembled together.
With reference to Fig. 6 and Fig. 7, the preferred embodiments of the present invention are described in more detail.
When piston 320 when top dead end is shifted to lower dead centre, inhaling valve 635 is shifted to cylinder 611 under the effect of negative pressure, as shown in Figure 6.Therefore, the suction port 633a on the valve plate 633 is opened, the result, and the refrigerant that inlet duct is 510 li enters cylinder 611 by suction port 633a.
Then, when piston 320 when the following terminal of its stroke is shifted to the last terminal of its stroke, the refrigerant that cylinder is 611 li is compressed, thereby the pressure of 611 li in cylinder is increased.Because above-mentioned pressure, suction valve 635 move near suction port 633a shown in Fig. 6 dotted line.
When piston 320 arrived the last terminal of its stroke, it is maximum that the pressure that cylinder is 611 li reaches.Then, expulsion valve 636 is open by the first discharge chamber 622 of the cut-out 631b countercylinder body lid 620 of sealing gasket 631, and as shown in Figure 7, exhaust port 633b opens.When expulsion valve impacted the disabler part 626 of discharging chamber 622, the lifting of expulsion valve 636 was controlled.The compression refrigerant that cylinder is 611 li is discharged into first of cylinder head 620 by exhaust port 633b and discharges chamber 622.
When first refrigerant of discharging 622 li of chambers flow into second discharge chamber 623 after, through the port hole 640a of cylinder sealing gasket 640, it flows to the exhaust silencer 612 613 li of the outlet passages of cylinder block 610.
According to embodiments of the invention, discharge chamber 622 and 623 from the refrigerant that cylinder 611 comes out through first and second of 620 li of cylinder heads, so exhaust pulse reduces.In addition, the sound wave that produces when inhaling valve 635 or discharge valve 636 impact valve plate 633 is discharged chambers 622 and 623 when reaching expulsion valve 612 by first and second, because transaudient consume has taken place in border interference, and the result, sound wave is weakened.By this method, the noise that produces in the operation of compressor is weakened.
In addition, discharge chamber 622 and 623 inflow exhaust silencers 612 from the refrigerant that cylinder 611 comes out by first and second, so exhaust pulse weakens.
In addition, according to a preferred embodiment of the invention, the little and design of part dimensions such as valve plate 633, suction valve door-plate 634, expulsion valve door-plate 632 and tapping equipment 630 simple is so that can be installed to internal partition 621 easily.Just because of this, the cylinder unit manufacture cost that comprises material and assembly cost is lowered.
Although the preferred embodiments of the present invention are described, it will be understood to those of skill in the art that the present invention is not limited to described preferred embodiment.Under the situation that does not depart from principle of the present invention and essence, can change these embodiments, its scope also falls in the claim of the present invention institute restricted portion.

Claims (6)

1. a cylinder unit is used for hermetic compressor, comprising:
Cylinder block, it has cylinder, piston to-and-fro motion in described cylinder;
Cylinder head, it is connected on the described cylinder block to seal described cylinder, and described lid limits hand-hole, and is divided into as first and second of outlet passage by dividing plate and discharges chambers; And
Be formed on the valving between described cylinder block and the described cylinder head, shown in valving control refrigerant from flowing of flowing out of described cylinder with enter flowing of described cylinder.
2. cylinder unit according to claim 1, its feature in, described dividing plate has an attachment hole at least, discharges chambers to connect described first and second.
3. cylinder unit according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described dividing plate is columniform, its inner space is restricted to described first and discharges the chamber, its space outerpace is restricted to described second and discharges the chamber, described first discharges the chamber has the valving seating surface, is used for described valving mounted theretoly, is provided with in the described dividing plate and is not attached to described first hand-hole of discharging the chamber.
4. cylinder unit according to claim 3 is characterized in that, described valving comprises:
Valve plate, it has and is used to connect described hand-hole and described cylinder with the suction port that forms fluid and be communicated be used to be connected described cylinder and described first and discharge the chamber to form the exhaust port of fluid connection;
The suction valve door-plate, it has the suction valve that is used to open and close described suction port;
The expulsion valve door-plate, it has the expulsion valve that is used to open and close described exhaust port; And
Sealing gasket, described sealing gasket is between described expulsion valve door-plate and described valving seating surface, discharge the chamber so that block described hand-hole and described first, described sealing gasket has cut-out, described cut-out is set to limit the lifting gap of described discharge valve.
5. cylinder unit according to claim 4, it is characterized in that, described first discharges the chamber has the disabler part, is used for controlling the lifting of described expulsion valve, and the height at described disabler part place is identical with described valving seating surface or be lower than described valving installation surface.
6. cylinder unit according to claim 1 is characterized in that, the cylinder sealing gasket seals to discharge between chamber and the described cylinder described second between described cylinder head and described cylinder block.
CNB031278558A 2002-11-06 2003-08-12 Cylinder means for enclosed compressor Expired - Fee Related CN1255632C (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
KR200268446 2002-11-06
KR10-2002-0068446A KR100494527B1 (en) 2002-11-06 2002-11-06 Cylinder assembly for hermetic compressor

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
CN1499079A CN1499079A (en) 2004-05-26
CN1255632C true CN1255632C (en) 2006-05-10

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CNB031278558A Expired - Fee Related CN1255632C (en) 2002-11-06 2003-08-12 Cylinder means for enclosed compressor

Country Status (6)

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US (1) US20040086406A1 (en)
JP (1) JP2004156579A (en)
KR (1) KR100494527B1 (en)
CN (1) CN1255632C (en)
BR (1) BR0304800A (en)
IT (1) ITTO20030838A1 (en)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
KR100547465B1 (en) * 2004-02-26 2006-01-31 삼성광주전자 주식회사 Hermetic compressor
EP2013481B1 (en) * 2006-05-02 2019-06-12 Arçelik Anonim Sirketi A compressor
DE102008018467B4 (en) * 2008-04-11 2021-11-11 Knorr-Bremse Systeme für Nutzfahrzeuge GmbH Valve plate for a compressor and method for cooling compressed air in a valve plate of a compressor
BRPI0806059A2 (en) 2008-11-27 2010-09-21 Whirlpool Sa system for actuation inlet valve of a gas compressor, gas compressor and refrigeration equipment
CN104165133A (en) * 2014-09-03 2014-11-26 安徽美芝制冷设备有限公司 Compressor crankcase and compressor with same
WO2017191229A1 (en) * 2016-05-05 2017-11-09 Arcelik Anonim Sirketi A hermetic compressor with increased performance
CN110645165B (en) * 2019-09-23 2021-05-25 广州万宝集团压缩机有限公司 Cylinder head assembly, compressor and refrigerating device

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JPS5642453Y2 (en) * 1976-11-18 1981-10-05
JPS5648944Y2 (en) * 1976-11-25 1981-11-14
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Publication number Publication date
JP2004156579A (en) 2004-06-03
US20040086406A1 (en) 2004-05-06
BR0304800A (en) 2004-08-31
ITTO20030838A1 (en) 2004-05-07
CN1499079A (en) 2004-05-26
KR100494527B1 (en) 2005-06-10
KR20040040114A (en) 2004-05-12

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