CN1250734A - Ground-effect flying vehicle also able to fly in the air - Google Patents
Ground-effect flying vehicle also able to fly in the air Download PDFInfo
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- CN1250734A CN1250734A CN 99122366 CN99122366A CN1250734A CN 1250734 A CN1250734 A CN 1250734A CN 99122366 CN99122366 CN 99122366 CN 99122366 A CN99122366 A CN 99122366A CN 1250734 A CN1250734 A CN 1250734A
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Abstract
The ground effect vehicle concurrently with high-flying function consists of body, ground effect wing, tail fin and flying wings, in which the flying wings are connected with upper portion of body, upper portion of machine head or outside of body. It can raise the flying efficiency of ground effect vehicle in ground effect area and its controllability, can raise the lift-drag ratio of whole machine and can save fuel. It can make ground effect vehicle implement safe high-altitude flight like aircraft, and the separate arrangement of flying wings and ground effect wing can reduce cross size of ground effect vehicle, so that it is favourable for storage and reducing width of airway, and raising navigation safety and efficiency.
Description
The present invention relates to a kind of ground effect vehicle of also able to fly, belong to and on the water surface, to navigate by water and the vehicle of airflight, have the characteristic of boats and ships and aircraft concurrently, have good technical performance and considerable economic.Except that visitor, shipping are failed, also can be used for rescue at sea, search, customs's anti-smuggling, fish-farming operation maritime patrol, water policeman's frontier defense and multiple military use.
Imitate on ground, i.e. ground effect refers to aircraft when (water) face closely, except that the wing general lift that the aerofoil air pressure difference produces is up and down arranged, also has formed cavity retardance air-flow formation air punching press between wing lower surface and ground (water) face and the cushion lift that produces.Ground effect vehicle claims ground effect ship, aerofoil boat, land-effect plane etc. again, is a kind of novel high speed marine communication means, and its profile similar water is boarded a plane.Because its wing structure is special, make it when nearly water surface flying, can utilize ground effect principle and fluid mechanics principle well, can reduce simultaneously the induced drag of full machine, therefore general airplane ascensional force (1ift-drag ratio) greatly improves, and becomes a kind of novel high speed boats and ships that can break away from surface navigation fully.It can be on the water or the land landing, and (water) face high-speed flight for a long time closely has the characteristic of boats and ships and aircraft concurrently, has good technical performance and considerable economic value.
Compare with other transportation means, the operating efficiency of ground effect vehicle is higher than aircraft, and the speed of a ship or plane is faster than conventional boats and ships, and safety of navigation, and applied range indicates that it might form a vast market, becomes the another class transport facility after aircraft, boats and ships.
The preceence of ground effect vehicle
Speed of a ship or plane height: various countries are all falling over each other to develop high-speed ship always since this century, and regrettably ship's speed is difficult to breakthrough raising, and its reason has all multifactor restrictions such as resistance, stability and navigation quality of water.And principle is imitated on ground effect vehicle utilization ground and the flight mechanics principle makes fuselage lift away from the water surface fully, fly as aircraft, so its boat scooter several hundred kilometers/hour.
Good economy performance:
Ground effect vehicle improves its 1ift-drag ratio owing to utilized ground to imitate principle, thus in ground effect region comparable same level aircraft energy efficient during cruising flight, load-carrying ability improves; Simultaneously, because ground effect vehicle is in water surface landing, thereby does not need special-purpose airport, harbour and Terminal Area Facilities, save construction cost.
Safe:
Because the ground effect vehicle cruising condition is (below several meters) dried up navigation in ground effect region, thereby not influenced by underwater obstacles, danger such as boats and ships hit a submerged reef as none extremely; In emergency or meet also can directly land hydroplaning or berth and wait for rescue the aircraft catastrophic effect that then often takes place in danger aloft of fault;
Mobility strong:
Ground effect vehicle can be realized zero radius of turn in the water surface mooring of berthing during hydroplaning; Water under amphibious type ground effect vehicle also can debark when no any disembarkation facility easily is convenient to about maintenance, the personnel, cargo handing etc.Plunder extra large type ground effect vehicle and also have the short distance climbing ability, can rise to tens meters high-altitude as aircraft, thereby can evade above water craft, obstacle.
Can maximize: at present in transoceanic transportation, the traffic cost of aircraft is far above the low speed boats and ships, and the transhipment time of low speed boats and ships much larger than aircraft, simultaneously since airport and related facility limit, aircraft is difficult to further maximize, and also is difficult to improve significantly transport power; Ground effect vehicle is because can be in water surface landing, and it maximizes and not limited to by the objective factor beyond the technology, and maximizes and also can further improve its conveying efficiency;
The development of ground effect vehicle is that nineteen thirty-five Finn Mika Kallio is started, over 60 years because the technical barriers such as structural strength when meeting with wave when having landing in flight stability, the wave and being subjected to thump develop very slow.The whole world to the ground effect vehicle of the energy follow-on mission of order development only has about 70 kinds.
Through making great efforts for many years of countries in the world scientific and technical personnel, solved a series of difficult problems at present, the ground effect vehicle technology reaches its maturity, is just entering the practicability stage.Occurred various ground effect vehicle product in recent years successively, a collection of novel ground effect vehicle is developed.For many years, states such as the former Soviet Union, the U.S., Germany, China and Japan have carried out number of research projects in this respect, and have obtained many achievements.Except that its research was once being interrupted in the U.S., other four countries all adhered to scientific research and development work, successively develop the different ground effect vehicle of a collection of pattern, and some has also carried out batch manufacturing; Wherein Muscovite ground effect vehicle technical progress is the fastest, and its army has been equipped with several military ground effect vehicles, and is developing the civil version ground effect vehicle.Russia announces that gradually it plunders Haiti effect aircraft technical situation since the nineties, has caused the interest of many countries.States such as Korea S, Thailand, Singapore, Australia, Yugoslavia are just beginning the development of ground effect vehicle or are being in harmony light introduction ground effect vehicle technology to Russia; The U.S., Britain have sent official that Russia's ground effect vehicle is investigated, and fitting development and introduction, remodeling are as the fast ferry in the English Channel and trans-oceanic strategic transportation means; Small-sized ground effect vehicle is also just introduced from Russia in China Taiwan, may develop into military ground effect vehicle in case master a skill, and has proposed the plan of rotary island " blue express highway " aspect civilian.
The current development to ground effect vehicle of China is in prostatitis, world level.Since the latter stage seventies, on the basis of having carried out a large amount of performance studies and model test, China has successively finished " albatross II type ", " albatross III type ", " day aerofoil profile " of two-seater " 750 type ", single seat " 902 type ", 3 " albatross I type ", 12-15 seat and " swan type " ground effect vehicle of 20 has also successfully carried out manned flight.
The schematic construction of prior art is seen Figure 19.In the both sides of fuselage the one secondary ground effect machine wing 2 is arranged respectively, the wing outer end is pontoon 3 (or end plate).Pontoon does not have outer wing outward or less the playing lateral stability and turn to the flank 15 of manoevreability effect of size is only arranged.
Its weak point is: lateral stability is poor when flying outside ground effect region, safety is low; Manoevreability is very poor when flying in ground effect region; Flying height is limited.
The objective of the invention is to overcome above-mentioned weak point of the prior art, provide the raising more of a kind of not only operating efficiency in ground effect region, manipulative capability, manoevreability better, and behind the ground effect region that flies out, can as conventional airplane, fly height, motor-driven and safety, thereby expand its range of use, application, the ground effect vehicle of high security and manoevreability also able to fly is provided.
Purpose of the present invention can reach by following measure: the present invention is made up of fuselage, ground effect wing, empennage and flying wing, and flying wing is connected in body upper, head upper or fuselage outer side.
Fuselage has unit body and twin fuselage.
There is pontoon in the ground effect wing outside.
The airfoil shape of flying wing is the combination of trapezoidal, triangle, rectangle or three kinds of geometric configuratioies.
The exhibition of pontoon outside flying wing is consistent to datum line to the exhibition of datum line and ground effect wing, be the dihedral angle or inverted diherdral.
The exhibition of unit body and twin fuselage outside flying wing is opened up above datum line at ground effect wing to datum line, is level, the dihedral angle or inverted diherdral.
Can also there be winglet or little end plate in the flying wing outer end.
The drawing of accompanying drawing is described as follows:
Fig. 1 is total figure of the present invention, the structure of the expression embodiment of the invention one;
Fig. 2 overlooks one of enlarged drawing for Fig. 1's;
Fig. 3 overlooks two of enlarged drawing for Fig. 1's;
Fig. 4 is the figure of the embodiment of the invention two;
Fig. 5 overlooks one of enlarged drawing for Fig. 4's;
Fig. 6 overlooks two of enlarged drawing for Fig. 4's;
Fig. 7 is the figure of the embodiment of the invention three;
Fig. 8 is the figure of the embodiment of the invention three another kind of structures;
Fig. 9 is the birds-eye view of Fig. 7 and Fig. 8;
Figure 10 is the figure of the embodiment of the invention four;
Figure 11 is the figure of the another kind of structure of Fig. 7 and Fig. 8;
Figure 12 is the birds-eye view of Figure 10 and Figure 11;
Figure 13 is the figure of the embodiment of the invention five;
Figure 14 is the figure of the embodiment of the invention six;
Figure 15 is one of birds-eye view of Figure 13;
Figure 16 be Figure 13 birds-eye view two;
Figure 17 is one of birds-eye view of Figure 14;
Figure 18 be Figure 14 birds-eye view two;
Figure 19 is the figure of prior art;
The accompanying drawing piece number is represented:
1, unit body 2, ground effect wing 3, pontoon 4, empennage
5, flying wing 6, head 7, twin fuselage 8, driving engine
9, other position driving engine 10, upper frame 11, the dihedral angle 12, inverted diherdral
13, winglet 14, small end plate 15, flank
The invention will be further described below in conjunction with embodiment and accompanying drawing:
Fig. 1-Fig. 3 represents the structure of the embodiment of the invention one (body adopts the unit body), form by unit body 1, ground effect wing 2, pontoon 3, empennage 4 and flying wing 5, respectively there are ground effect wing and pontoon in unit body both sides, unit body afterbody has empennage, and flying wing is connected in the top (seeing Fig. 1 and Fig. 2) of unit body or the top (seeing Fig. 1 and Fig. 3) that flying wing is connected in head 6.The airfoil shape of flying wing is the combination of trapezoidal, triangle, rectangle or above-mentioned three kinds of shapes.Can also there be winglet 13 or small end plate 14 in two outer ends of flying wing, and following embodiment two to embodiment six can establish this structure.
Present embodiment has following characteristics: (1) compact conformation, and lateral dimension is little, is convenient to safety of navigation and berths and pull in to shore and deposit; (2) simplified structure design alleviates structural weight; (3) other position driving engine 9 (seeing shown in Fig. 1 dotted line), the supporting structure for engine effect of having held concurrently can be installed on flying wing; (4) reduce bouncing, wash away and spattering with water of water wave, improve the flying wing service conditions, reduce structure erosion; (5) increase flight turning manoevreability.
Fig. 4-Fig. 6 represents the structure of the embodiment of the invention two (unit body), and respectively there are ground effect wing 2 and pontoon 3 in unit body both sides, and flying wing 5 is loaded on the upper frame 10 of body upper.Present embodiment has following characteristics: (1) is not subjected to the interference of ground effect region turbulent air flow; (2) can avoid bouncing, wash away and spattering with water of water wave, prevent structure erosion; (3) other position driving engine 9, the supporting structure for engine effect of having held concurrently can settled on the flying wing or on its upper frame; (4) increase the turning manoevreability that flies; (5) reduce the ground effect vehicle lateral dimension, be convenient to safety of navigation and berth, pull in to shore, deposit.
Fig. 7-Fig. 9 represents the structure of the embodiment of the invention three (unit body), and unit body both sides respectively have the ground effect wing 2 and pontoon 3, the two pontoons outside respectively to be connected with flying wing 5.The exhibition of flying wing is consistent to datum line to the exhibition of datum line and ground effect wing, be the dihedral angle 11 or be inverted diherdral 12.Flying wing also can be loaded on pontoon outer upper (see figure 8).Present embodiment has following characteristics: (1) can increase when navigating by water in ground effect region and partly imitates lift; (2) installation, modification maintenance and repair is simple and easy.
Figure 10-Figure 12 represents the structure of the embodiment of the invention four (body is twin fuselage), clamped ground effect wing 15 between the twin fuselage, flying wing 5 respectively is equipped with in the outside at two fuselages, the flight span is consistent to datum line to the exhibition of datum line and ground effect wing, be the dihedral angle 11 or be inverted diherdral 12 (see figure 10)s, perhaps fly the span to datum line in the ground effect wing exhibition above datum line and be the dihedral angle 11 or be inverted diherdral 12 (seeing Figure 11).Present embodiment has the identical characteristics of following and embodiment three: (1) can increase when navigating by water in ground effect region and partly imitates lift; (2) installation, modification maintenance and repair is simple and easy.
Figure 13-Figure 15 represents the structure of the embodiment of the invention five (twin fuselage), and the top that clamps the ground effect wing twin fuselage between the twin fuselage is connected with flying wing.Present embodiment has the identical characteristics of following and embodiment one: (1) compact conformation, and lateral dimension is little, is convenient to safety of navigation and berths and pull in to shore and deposit; (2) simplified structure design alleviates structural weight; (3) can driving engine be installed on flying wing, the supporting structure for engine effect of having held concurrently; (4) reduce bouncing, wash away and spattering with water of water wave, improve the flying wing service conditions, reduce structure erosion; (5) increase flight turning manoevreability.
The structure of Figure 16-18 expression embodiment of the invention six (twin fuselage) has clamped ground effect wing between the twin fuselage, upper frame 10 is arranged on the top of twin fuselage, and flying wing is arranged on the upper frame.Present embodiment has the identical characteristics of following and embodiment two: (1) is not subjected to the interference of ground effect region turbulent air flow; (2) can avoid bouncing, wash away and spattering with water of water wave, prevent structure erosion; (3) can settle driving engine on the flying wing or on its upper frame, the supporting structure for engine effect of having held concurrently; (4) increase the turning manoevreability that flies; (5) reduce the ground effect vehicle lateral dimension, be convenient to safety of navigation and berth, pull in to shore, deposit.
The present invention contrasts prior art and has following advantage:
(1) because flying wing can provide certain lift, so can improve the interior flight efficiency of ground effect region and can handle The property, the lift-drag ratio of raising complete machine, fuel savings; (2) broken through the limit that ground effect vehicle can only fly in ground effect region System makes ground effect vehicle also can equally rise up into high-altitude flight and flight safety to aircraft, therefore will become real aircraft With the combination of boats and ships, greatly expand its application and the scope of application, can supply customs, port prison, fish-farming operation, frontier defense, The departments such as perils of the sea salvage, marine monitoring are engaged in patrol on the sea, seize smugglers or smuggled goods, investigate, tackle, pursue and attack, carry member and loading etc.; (3) flying wing and ground effect wing are arranged respectively the lateral dimension that will reduce ground effect vehicle, be convenient to deposit and reduce boat The width in road improves nevigation safety, but save weight is structurally simultaneously raised the efficiency; (4) can improve on ground Interior and ground effect region lateral stability, mobility and the security of flight outward in effect district.
Claims (7)
1, a kind of ground effect vehicle of also able to fly comprises fuselage, ground effect wing and empennage, it is characterized in that, also comprises flying wing, is made up of fuselage, ground effect wing, empennage and flying wing, and flying wing is connected in body upper, head upper or fuselage outer side.
2, the ground effect vehicle of also able to fly according to claim 1 is characterized in that, fuselage has unit body and twin fuselage.
3, the ground effect vehicle of also able to fly according to claim 1 is characterized in that, there is pontoon in the ground effect wing outside.
4, the ground effect vehicle of also able to fly according to claim 1 is characterized in that, the airfoil shape of flying wing is the combination of trapezoidal, triangle, rectangle or three kinds of geometric configuratioies.
5, the ground effect vehicle of also able to fly according to claim 1 is characterized in that, the exhibition of pontoon outside flying wing is consistent to datum line to the exhibition of datum line and ground effect wing, be the dihedral angle or inverted diherdral.
6, the ground effect vehicle of also able to fly according to claim 1 is characterized in that, the exhibition of unit body and twin fuselage outside flying wing is opened up above datum line at ground effect wing to datum line, is level, the dihedral angle or inverted diherdral.
7, the ground effect vehicle of also able to fly according to claim 1 is characterized in that, can also there be winglet or little end plate in the flying wing outer end.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN99122366A CN1116196C (en) | 1999-11-03 | 1999-11-03 | Ground-effect flying vehicle also able to fly in the air |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN99122366A CN1116196C (en) | 1999-11-03 | 1999-11-03 | Ground-effect flying vehicle also able to fly in the air |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN1250734A true CN1250734A (en) | 2000-04-19 |
| CN1116196C CN1116196C (en) | 2003-07-30 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN99122366A Expired - Fee Related CN1116196C (en) | 1999-11-03 | 1999-11-03 | Ground-effect flying vehicle also able to fly in the air |
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| Country | Link |
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| CN (1) | CN1116196C (en) |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101595027A (en) * | 2007-02-20 | 2009-12-02 | 李希成 | Series connection/canard ground effect vehicle with suspension system |
| CN104290903A (en) * | 2014-10-20 | 2015-01-21 | 北京航空航天大学 | Automatic splash-proof seaplane float |
Family Cites Families (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1047056A (en) * | 1989-05-12 | 1990-11-21 | 柏晓钟 | Dirigible (has another name called: the ground surface effect aircraft) |
| CN2258855Y (en) * | 1996-06-02 | 1997-08-06 | 任清海 | Low-level aeroboat above sea |
| CN2325309Y (en) * | 1998-04-08 | 1999-06-23 | 任清海 | Sea flying-boat |
| CN1075012C (en) * | 1998-04-08 | 2001-11-21 | 任清海 | Marine flying-boat refitted from airplane |
-
1999
- 1999-11-03 CN CN99122366A patent/CN1116196C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101595027A (en) * | 2007-02-20 | 2009-12-02 | 李希成 | Series connection/canard ground effect vehicle with suspension system |
| CN104290903A (en) * | 2014-10-20 | 2015-01-21 | 北京航空航天大学 | Automatic splash-proof seaplane float |
| CN104290903B (en) * | 2014-10-20 | 2017-07-07 | 北京航空航天大学 | A kind of seaplane float of automatic Anti-splashing sanitary |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN1116196C (en) | 2003-07-30 |
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Owner name: ZHONGYANG ASSET MANAGEMENT CO., LTD. Free format text: FORMER OWNER: BAIHAI DAYANG WING-SHIP CO., LTD. Effective date: 20050708 |
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Effective date of registration: 20050708 Address after: 100034 Beijing city Xicheng District Xishiku Street No. 74 room 428 Patentee after: Zhongyang asset management limited liability company Address before: 100037 Beijing City, Xicheng District Fuwai Street No. 37 Bridge Hotel Room 401 Patentee before: Baihai Dayang Wing-Ship Co., Ltd. |
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Owner name: ZHEJIANG WANHAI EARTH EFFECT TECHNOLOGY CO., LTD. Free format text: FORMER OWNER: ZHONGYANG ASSET MANAGEMENT CO., LTD. Effective date: 20080808 |
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Effective date of registration: 20080808 Address after: No. 29, industrial road, industrial town, sea town, three counties, Zhejiang, Taizhou, China Patentee after: Zhejiang widehigh wig Technology Co. Ltd. Address before: Beijing city Xicheng District Xishiku Street No. 74 room 428 Patentee before: Zhongyang asset management limited liability company |
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Granted publication date: 20030730 Termination date: 20151103 |
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