CN104290903B - A kind of seaplane float of automatic Anti-splashing sanitary - Google Patents
A kind of seaplane float of automatic Anti-splashing sanitary Download PDFInfo
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- CN104290903B CN104290903B CN201410557504.3A CN201410557504A CN104290903B CN 104290903 B CN104290903 B CN 104290903B CN 201410557504 A CN201410557504 A CN 201410557504A CN 104290903 B CN104290903 B CN 104290903B
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- floating drum
- water fender
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- seaplane
- guiding groove
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Abstract
The present invention proposes a kind of automatic Anti-splashing sanitary floating drum and splashes problem solving the water of the non-hull fuselage seaplane that tail pushes away form, serves the effect of automatic Anti-splashing sanitary during aircraft water surface landing.Implementation is to set enter water tank in floating drum afterbody, and the power that current when being landed by taking off are produced drives the water wheels in enter water tank, water wheels to push the covering type water fender being close to seaplane float open by sprocket transmission device and closing device；After the completion of taking off or landing, the thrust that current are produced disappears, and is automatically returned under the effect of water fender restoring spring and is close to the initial position of floating drum.The closing device of wherein water fender is automatically obtained by two ways.The present invention can to a greater extent solve the problems, such as that the spray that the non-hull fuselage seaplane of tail pushing-type is produced in landing splashes the influence to power plant system.Wherein automatic open-close mechanism simply and reliablely realizes adaptation function, has certain promotion in aviation field and association area.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to water surface landing aircraft or surface motions mechanical design field, and in particular to a kind of automatic waterproof
The seaplane float for splashing.
Background technology
1. the spray that seaplane take-off landing is produced splashes and can cause different degrees of influence, shadow to aircraft power system
Depending on the big layout for neglecting seaplane of sound.The aircraft of the conventional layout of engine behind front wheel, spray splashes and fall substantially less than spiral shell
On rotation oar and engine, the seaplane of rear engine generally uses hull fuselage to arrange spray.But hull fuselage meeting
Increase the construction weight of aircraft, the increase of aircraft surfaces and the change of conventional airframe section also can accordingly increase aerodynamic drag,
So as to cause the decline (such as voyage, maximum flying speed, ceiling) of aeroplane performance.
Current seaplane is generally the conventional layout of engine behind front wheel, and engine at extreme rear is also generally hull formula fuselage
Design.Engine at extreme rear (i.e. tail is pushed away) can bring many benefits, and such as air-flow is more with advection by fuselage and wing, preceding machine
Body vibration is reduced, and is flown quieter, is conducive to airplane trim etc..But the advantage that engine at extreme rear brings is taken into account, and using non-
The aircraft with automatic preventing splash of hull fuselage, not yet finds in the service aircraft that can be looked into.
2. adaptive mechanism automatically adjusts own form and turns into the ability for adapting to different operating modes research heat because it has
Point.But its implementation is usually relatively complex, such as controlled with memorizing material, sensor servo.So not only make
Product cost increases, its complicated way of realization can also reduce product reliability.
For the problem that dabbles of above water surface landing aircraft, the solution that simple, reliable, economic three takes into account not yet is found at present
Certainly method.
The content of the invention
The present invention proposes one kind and pushes away form, non-hull fuselage seaplane, water flow impact pressure during with landing for tail
Effect, realizes the floating drum of automatic Anti-splashing sanitary function.And the present invention is set for the automatic open/closing device of Anti-splashing sanitary mechanism
Meter.So as to the spray for solving such layout seaplane splashes problem.
A kind of seaplane float design of automatic Anti-splashing sanitary includes herein below：
Floating drum size determines that floating drum covering attaching type water fender design, water fender automatic open/closing device is designed.
Wherein, water fender closing device includes two kinds of implementations.
Floating drum has done Design of digital, and has carried out numeric terminal and fortune on " dream four " light-duty sport plane
Dynamic emulation.
Brief description of the drawings
Invention figure provided herein is used for providing the part for constituting intuitivism apprehension of the invention the application, the present invention
Schematic description and description be used for explain the present invention, do not constitute inappropriate limitation of the present invention.
Fig. 1 is the cross-sectional sketch in the crucial section of general floating drum side view, front view and the designed floating drum of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is the floating drum stereogram designed by the present invention；
Fig. 3 is floating drum water fender position view；
Fig. 4 is floating drum afterbody water inlet cabin door opening ways schematic diagram；
Fig. 5 is floating drum afterbody water inlet cabin door schematic diagram；
Fig. 6 is the state that floating drum afterbody enter water tank is opened by water flow impact pressure；
Fig. 7 is floating drum afterbody enter water tank closed mode；
The internal sprockets transmission mechanism of Fig. 8 water fender automatic open/closing devices the first implementations；
In Fig. 9 water fenders automatic open/closing device the first implementation, water fender returns to the schematic diagram of initial position；
In Figure 10 water fenders automatic open/closing device the first implementation, water fender by steel wire rope pull-up and with branch bridge joint
Touch, be in the schematic diagram of restraining position；
In Figure 11 water fenders automatic open/closing device the first implementation, movable sprocket teeth schematic diagram；
Figure 12 is the floating drum inner sprocket transmission mechanism of second implementation of water fender automatic open/closing device；
During Figure 13 is second implementation of water fender automatic open/closing device, sprocket wheel and the rocking arm position of water fender open-and-close mechanism
Put schematic diagram；
During Figure 14 is second implementation of water fender automatic open/closing device, the water fender that water fender is in initial position is opened
Close mechanism；
During Figure 15 is second implementation of water fender automatic open/closing device, water fender is boosted the water fender folding of state
Mechanism；
During Figure 16 is second implementation of water fender automatic open/closing device, water fender open-and-close mechanism limit of sports record position shows
It is intended to；
In figure：1st, water fender 2, float body 3, guide wheel 4, guiding groove 5, hatch door III 6, hatch door I 7, hatch door II
8th, position-limited wheel 9, rotary shaft 10, water wheels 11, chain wheel I 12, belt 13, chain wheel II 14, support 15, steel wire rope 16, chain
Take turns the movable gear teeth 17, spring 18, gear teeth mounting groove 19, rocking arm 20, guiding groove I 21, rocking bar I 22, rocking bar II 23,
Guiding groove II 24, pulley I.
Specific embodiment
The present invention is described in further detail below in conjunction with drawings and Examples.
1. seaplane float design；
According to《China Civil Aviation regulations the 23rd》Floating drum buoyancy regulation etc. is required, with reference to related spar design, then
By the appearance and size (including B wide, the height that give the take-off weight estimation floating drum of seaplane (" dream No. four " light-duty sport plane)
H, precursor are long, afterbody length, overall length L, volume V).Cross-sectional sketch at floating drum faulted-stage is as shown in figure 1, floating drum three-dimensional profile such as Fig. 2 institutes
Show.
2. seaplane float water fender 1 is designed：
To reduce aerodynamic drag, floating drum water fender 1 is designed to covering laminating form, is hinged with floating drum wainscot edge.
Restoring spring 17 is mounted with the rotary shaft 9 of water fender 1, the torque ratio automatic open/closing device that restoring spring 17 applies is rushed in current
Moment of torsion under power effect to the applying of water fender 1 is small, therefore restoring spring 17 can't influence the motion of automatic open/closing device, its work
After being so that and taking off, water fender 1 can be close to floating drum, such water fender 1 will not by flow perturbation opens voluntarily.
The position determination aspect of water fender 1, because the spray mostly fuselage that floating drum front end splashes is blocked, big spray is influenceed on engine
Splash region and concentrate on floating drum postmedian, therefore water fender 1 is also disposed at relevant position, as shown in Figure 3.
3. the automatic open/closing device afterbody enter water tank of water fender 1 design：
Floating drum afterbody is pressed into water during seaplane landing, closing device by the use of water flow impact pressure as power, in order to
Make full use of current and do not influence floating drum overall structure, the automatic open/closing device enter water tank of floating drum water fender 1 to be arranged on floating drum afterbody.
Current are flowed out by enter water tank and from floating drum afterbody.
When floating drum afterbody is pressed into water, water pressure be more than cabin inner air pressure, make enter water tank hatchcover inwardly (on) beat
Open.Hatchcover is made up of three parts, two small hatch doors (hatch door I 6 and hatch door II 7) and the big hatch door for connecting small hatch door
(hatch door III 5).The reason for so designing is that water wheels 10 are disposed with enter water tank, and hatchcover must be divided into two panels and be opened from both sides, no
Can then interfere with water wheels 10.And floating drum bottom is in the shape of the letter V, after point two panels opens hatchcover, floating drum afterbody hatchcover peripheral region (hatch door
III 5 positions) can with current at an angle, this will produce high resistance, and even resulting in floating drum afterbody can not be smooth from water.Cause
After the small hatch door of two panels (hatch door I 6 and hatch door II 7) opening, the rotating shaft 9 of hatch door I 6 of inner side goes to extreme position, position-limited wheel 8 for this
Rotated with the axle of hatch door I 6, one end of the projection of position-limited wheel 8 is transferred in groove so that position-limited wheel 8 can be in the guiding groove 4 of hatch door III 5 along groove
Motion, hatch door III 5 is hinged with the rotating shaft 9 of hatch door I 6, drives the left end of hatch door III 5 also to draw along hatch door III 5 while position-limited wheel 8 is moved
Guide groove 4 moves (as shown in Figure 4), to realize the unlatching of hatch door III 5.By flow action, the plane of hatch door III 5 and water movement side
To consistent, so as to reduce resistance.Hatch door overall diagram is as shown in Figure 5.Hatch door open mode is as shown in Figure 6.Hatch door closure state is such as
Shown in Fig. 7.
4. the first implementation of the automatic open/closing device of water fender 1, the design of internal sprockets transmission mechanism：
Current flow in enter water tank, drive the water wheels 10 in enter water tank to rotate, and water wheels 10 drive chain wheel I 11 to rotate, chain
Take turns I 11 drives the chain wheel II 13 of the immediate vicinity of water fender 1 to rotate by belt 12.Chain wheel driving mechanism is as shown in Figure 8.
Sprocket sizes are referred to《GB 1243-2006》With《Mechanical handbook》It is determined that.
5. the first implementation of the automatic open/closing device of water fender 1, the design of the motion of water fender 1：
While chain wheel II 13 is rotated, coaxial pulley I 24 also concomitant rotation.Pulley I 24 is connected with steel wire rope 15, pulley
I 24 rotate, scrolling steel wire rope 15, steel wire rope 15 by pulley bracket 14 at the top of floating drum (support 14 is used for guiding steel wire rope 15,
The leading point of steel wire rope 15 is set to be located at the center of gravity of water fender 1 top) it is connected (as shown in Figure 9) with the center of gravity of water fender 1.Steel wire rope 15 is pulled
Water fender 1 is lifted up, and water fender 1 is raised to the position of support 14, and support 14 withstands water fender 1 makes it no longer be lifted up, real
Now make the spacing function of water fender 1 (as shown in Figure 10).
The gear teeth in chain wheel II 13 are mobilizable, can be pressed into when stress is big in gear teeth mounting groove 18 on sprocket hub
(as shown in figure 11).Water fender 1 reach restraining position after, steel wire rope 15 is no longer involved in by pulley I 24, pulley II therefore no longer
Rotate, coaxial chain wheel II 13 also stops operating, and the movable teeth in chain wheel II 13 is pressed into chain wheel II under the drive of belt 12
13.So belt 12 and chain wheel I 11 are dallied under the drive of water wheels 10, and water fender 1 can be remained on.
After taking off, the no longer band movable sprocket of water wheels 10 is rotated, the restoring spring 17 disposed in the rotary shaft 9 of water fender 1
Also water fender 1 can be made to be close to floating drum, without making water fender 1 be subject to air agitation and opens voluntarily.
6. 1 automatic open/closing device of water fender, second implementation, the design of internal sprockets transmission mechanism：
Current flow in enter water tank, drive the water wheels 10 in enter water tank to rotate, and the machine of water wheels 10 drives chain wheel II 13 to rotate,
Chain wheel II 13 drives the chain wheel I 11 of the immediate vicinity of water fender 1 to rotate by chain or belt 12.Chain wheel driving mechanism such as Figure 12 institutes
Show.
Sprocket sizes are referred to《GB 1243-2006》With《Mechanical handbook》It is determined that.
7. 1 automatic open/closing device of water fender, second implementation, the design of the motion of water fender 1；
Chain wheel I 11 is rotated with motion rocker arm 19, and rocking arm 19 moves in a circle in the longitudinally asymmetric plane of floating drum, the end points of rocking arm 19
The motion in guiding groove I 20, guiding groove I 20 can only do the straight line fortune in the plane parallel with the rotational plane of rocking arm 19 with respect to floating drum
Dynamic, circular motion will be changed into the linear motion planar of guiding groove I 20.As shown in figure 13.
Rocking bar I 21 is hinged in floating drum, can be moved in a circle in the plane with floating drum axially as normal.
Guiding groove II 23 is connected with guiding groove II 23, therefore guiding groove II 23 can move along a straight line together with guiding groove I 20,
The other end of rocking bar I 21 can be moved in guiding groove II 23, and the linear motion of guiding groove II 23 translates into the circumference of rocking bar I 21
Motion.
Rocking bar II 22 is hinged with the center of gravity of floating drum water fender 1, and the other end is located at the end points in guiding groove II 23 with rocking bar I 21
It is hinged, the circular motion of such rocking bar I 21 will drive rocking bar II 22 to do plane motion, so as to strut water fender 1, and in landing
During, spray splashes to be beaten on water fender 1, can also help it to open.The closure state of water fender 1 is as shown in figure 14.Water fender 1 is opened
Open state as shown in figure 15.
As shown in figure 16, top folding angle is 60 degree of arc AA ' to the open-and-close mechanism limit of sports record position view of water fender 1
Section, represents the movement locus of water fender 1, and the arc CC ' of lower section represents the movement locus of rocking bar I 21, and straight line ACB is water fender
1 rocking bar I 21 when opening completely and rocking bar II 22 are in the extreme position at dead point, and A ' C ' are rocking bars II 22 to be located at just in water fender 1
State during beginning position, C ' B are state of the rocking bar I 21 when the water fender 1 of water fender 1 is located at initial position.
Claims (12)
1. a kind of seaplane float of automatic Anti-splashing sanitary, it is characterised in that including：Seaplane float main body, floating drum covering
Attaching type water fender, automatic open/closing device；
Described seaplane float main body, according to《China Civil Aviation regulations the 23rd》Floating drum buoyancy is specified to require, ginseng
Related spar design is examined, then the appearance and size of floating drum is estimated by the take-off weight for giving seaplane, be provided with inside floating drum certainly
Dynamic closing device, floating drum is equipped with covering attaching type water fender near fuselage side；
Described floating drum covering attaching type water fender, be designed as covering laminating form, positioned at floating drum postmedian, at the top of floating drum with
Its edge is hinged, and restoring spring is mounted with the rotary shaft of water fender, and its effect is so that after taking off that water fender can be tight
Patch floating drum, such water fender will not be by flow perturbation and opens voluntarily.
2. the seaplane float of a kind of automatic Anti-splashing sanitary according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described automatic to open
Attach together and put including floating drum enter water tank, chain wheel driving mechanism, dash plate movement mechanism, for realizing water fender certainly during landing
Dynamic folding.
3. the seaplane float of a kind of automatic Anti-splashing sanitary according to claim 2, it is characterised in that described floating drum enters
Water tank is made up of big hatch door and the small hatch door of two panels, is arranged on floating drum afterbody, and little hatch door is divided into two panels and is opened from both sides, small in two panels
After hatch door is opened, the cludy door pivot of inner side drives position-limited wheel to rotate so that big hatch door is moved along guiding groove, so as to reduce current
Resistance.
4. the seaplane float of a kind of automatic Anti-splashing sanitary according to claim 2, it is characterised in that described sprocket wheel is passed
Motivation structure and dash plate movement mechanism include two kinds of implementations respectively.
5. the seaplane float of a kind of automatic Anti-splashing sanitary according to claim 2, it is characterised in that described sprocket wheel is passed
The first implementation of motivation structure, the reference of its middle sprocket《GB 1243-2006》With《Mechanical handbook》Determine size, current exist
Flowing in enter water tank, drives the water wheels in enter water tank to rotate, and water wheels drive the chain wheel I connected with it to rotate, and chain wheel I passes through belt
The chain wheel II of water fender immediate vicinity is driven to rotate.
6. a kind of seaplane float of automatic Anti-splashing sanitary according to claim 2, it is characterised in that described water fender
The first implementation of motion, its device is made up of pulley, steel wire rope, pulley bracket, and chain wheel II drives and is connected with it
Pulley rotation；Pulley is connected with steel wire rope, pulley scrolling steel wire rope, and steel wire rope is by the pulley bracket and dash at the top of floating drum
Plate center of gravity is connected, and steel wire rope drawing water fender is lifted up, and water fender is raised to backing positions, and support withstands water fender makes it not
It is lifted up again, realizes spacing.
7. a kind of seaplane float of automatic Anti-splashing sanitary according to claim 6, it is characterised in that water fender fitness machine
In the first implementation of structure, described chain wheel II, its gear teeth are mobilizable, can be pressed on sprocket hub when stress is big
Gear teeth mounting groove in, after water fender reaches this restraining position, steel wire rope is no longer involved in by pulley, and therefore pulley is not rotated further by,
Chain wheel II also stops operating, and the movable teeth in chain wheel II is pressed into chain wheel II, such belt idle running under the drive of belt, and keeps off
Water plate is remained on.
8. the seaplane float of a kind of automatic Anti-splashing sanitary according to claim 2, it is characterised in that described sprocket wheel is passed
Second implementation of motivation structure, the reference of its sprocket wheel《GB 1243-2006》With《Mechanical handbook》Determine size；Current are entering
Flowing in water tank, drives the water wheels in enter water tank to rotate, and water wheels drive the chain wheel II connected with it to rotate, and chain wheel II passes through chain
Or rubber strip drives the sprocket wheel I of water fender immediate vicinity to rotate.
9. a kind of seaplane float of automatic Anti-splashing sanitary according to claim 2, it is characterised in that described water fender
Second implementation of motion, its device is made up of rocking bar I, rocking bar II, guiding groove I, guiding groove II and rocking arm, its
In, rocking arm is driven by chain wheel I, and its end points moves in a circle and can the motion in guiding groove II；Inside the one end of rocking bar I and floating drum
It is hinged, can be moved in a circle in the plane with floating drum axially as normal, the other end moves in a circle and is hinged with rocking bar II；Shake
Bar I is moved with the pin joint of rocking bar II in guiding groove II；The other end of rocking bar II is hinged with water fender center of gravity；Guiding groove I with
Guiding groove II is connected.
10. a kind of seaplane float of automatic Anti-splashing sanitary according to claim 9, it is characterised in that described rocking arm
Moved in a circle in the longitudinally asymmetric plane of floating drum, guiding groove I can only do the plane parallel with rocking arm rotational plane with respect to floating drum
Interior linear motion, circular motion will be changed into the linear motion planar of guiding groove I.
A kind of 11. seaplane floats of automatic Anti-splashing sanitary according to claim 9, it is characterised in that described guiding
Groove II can move along a straight line together with guiding groove I, and the linear motion of guiding groove II can be converted into the circular motion of rocking bar I.
A kind of 12. seaplane floats of automatic Anti-splashing sanitary according to claim 9, it is characterised in that described rocking bar I
Circular motion by drive rocking bar II do plane motion, so as to strut water fender, and during landing, spray splash beat
On water fender, it can be also helped to open.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201410557504.3A CN104290903B (en) | 2014-10-20 | 2014-10-20 | A kind of seaplane float of automatic Anti-splashing sanitary |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201410557504.3A CN104290903B (en) | 2014-10-20 | 2014-10-20 | A kind of seaplane float of automatic Anti-splashing sanitary |
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| CN104290903B true CN104290903B (en) | 2017-07-07 |
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| CN107662705A (en) * | 2017-10-12 | 2018-02-06 | 黄河科技学院 | A kind of marine monitoring device |
| CN109229372B (en) * | 2018-08-02 | 2022-05-27 | 哈尔滨飞机工业集团有限责任公司 | Bracing rod structure of seaplane |
| CN108995794B (en) * | 2018-09-07 | 2020-11-06 | 聊城能驰新能源科技有限公司 | Unmanned aerial vehicle surface of water flotation pontoon structure of taking off and land |
| CN113306718B (en) * | 2021-07-14 | 2021-12-07 | 湖北航特航空飞行器有限公司 | Sliding device for amphibious aircraft and using method thereof |
| CN113415413A (en) * | 2021-07-21 | 2021-09-21 | 靳军 | Airplane landing expansion system |
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