CN1249327C - 带集成传感器的砂筛 - Google Patents
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Abstract
在砂砾填充完井和通过砂砾填充开采过程中,有必要更好地了解井内条件。传感器(102)被用来探测砂砾填充和开采区间之间的实际界面的条件,它被直接放置在砂砾填充组件(100)上。这就容许尽可能准确和实时地了解界面条件。沿砂砾堆放长度的传感器(102)可以提供实时井底压力和温度数据。其它的传感器(102)可以提供开采流体的流速和密度测量的信息。这样,在完井过程中,传感器(102)可以提供砂堆放效率的信息。在开采过程中,传感器(102)可以提供井内危险条件的即时信息以减小对井设备的危险。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及用于从深井开采烃的砂筛,特别是涉及一种改进的砂筛,具有集成的传感器用于确定井下状况,以及调节器用于改变砂子的充填效率或者控制水库使用期限内的开采曲线。
背景技术
许多储油层由相对初期的沉积物构成,压实情况非常差,伴随着储油层流体将产生砂。砂的产生导致了许多开采问题,包括井下管组的侵蚀;阀门、配件和地面水流管道的侵蚀;井筒被填满砂;由于缺少岩层支撑导致的挤扁的套管;地面加工装置阻塞。即使能停止砂的产生,处理所产生的砂也是一个问题,尤其在近海区域。这样,就期望有一种不十分限制开采效率的消除砂产生的方法。砂的产生通过使用砂砾填充完井、直线槽式完井或砂压实处理得到控制,砂砾填充完井是迄今为止最普遍的方法。
在砂砾填充完井中,大于地层砂粒平均尺寸的砂被放置在地层和筛或直线槽之间。砂砾填充砂(称为砂砾,尽管它实际上是细颗粒的尺寸),将阻止地层砂的迁移。图1描述了一个内置套管砂砾填充(gravelpack)10。带壳孔8穿过被非开采层2包络的开采层6。开采层6具有穿孔4以增加流动到开采管14内的流体。如果开采层6压实情况差,那么开采层6的砂也将随储油层流体流入开采管14内。砂砾填充12可以被用来减小砂向管内的迁移。一种成功的砂砾填充12必须保持地层的砂并提供通过砂砾的流动最小阻力。
对于一个成功的砂砾填充完井,砂砾必须邻近地层并不与地层砂混合,在筛和套管或地层之间的环形间隙必须完全被砂砾填满。多年来,特殊的装置和程序已经被发展来完成安全的砂砾堆放。水或其它的低粘性流体被优先使用作为砂砾填充操作中的输送流体。因为这些流体不能悬浮砂,低浓度砂和高速度是需要的。现在,粘化的流体,经常是羟乙基纤维素(HEC)被使用,这样高浓度砂可以被不沉淀输送。
参考图2a和图2b,装载砂砾的流体可以被泵沿管壳环状通道向下泵送,之后输送流体经过砂筛并向上流回管内。这是图2a中描述的换向—循环方法。砂砾被直线槽或绕接筛16阻挡,同时输送流体经过并通过管18返回地面。这个方法的主要缺点是锈蚀、管渗杂或其它被从环状通道清除的并与砂砾混合的碎片破坏填充设备的透过性。作为替代,使用交叉方法,其中装载砂砾的流体被泵沿管18向下泵送,交叉过筛孔环状通道,流入筛内的冲洗管20内,把砂砾留在环状通道内,然后沿带壳管的环状通道向上流到地面,如图2b所示。
对于内置套管砂砾填充组件,使用冲洗、换向—循环和交叉方法,如图3a、3b和3c所示。在冲洗方法中,在筛16被安装前,砂砾22相对开采层6堆放,然后筛被冲洗到它的最后位置。换向—循环和交叉方法与那些应用在开孔中的类似。砂砾22通过循环经过被称为信号筛24的筛被首先堆放在穿孔4下面。当它被覆盖时,压力上升,发信号表示挤压阶段开始。在挤压过程中,装载流体泄露到地层,堆放砂砾在穿孔管道内。在挤压后,冲洗管被抬升,装载流体循环经过开采筛,把带壳开采筛填满砂砾。砂砾也被堆放在位于筛上部的空管的一部分内以提供砂砾沉降时的砂砾供给。
在斜井中,砂砾填充由于砂砾趋向于沉降在孔的底侧并在带壳筛的环形通道内形成砂堆而大大复杂化。在与垂直偏差大于45°时,这个问题非常显著。在斜井中通过使用冲洗管使砂砾堆放得到改进,原因是冲洗管相对于筛较大,通过增加筛冲洗管环形通道的流动阻力使经过环形通道内的砂堆的速度较高,环形通道在筛和壳之间。
控制砂的另一种形式包括在带有孔径的心轴上紧密绕线,其中,设计线圈之间的间隔尺寸来阻挡砂通过。图4和图5描述了一个这样的砂筛10。最初的砂筛是一个预填充组件,它包括一个预定长度,例如为20英尺的穿孔的管状心轴38。管状心轴38被径向钻孔流动通道40贯穿,它可以跟随沿心轴38长度方向的平行螺旋通道。使用时,径向钻孔流动通道40使流体通过心轴38到外筛42、多孔的预填充体和一个内筛44容许的广度。径向钻孔流动通道40可以以任何模式排列并数量可以根据容纳预期的流过开采管18的地层流体所需的面积变化。
穿孔心轴38优选地在相对端配有螺纹销46以连接抛光螺纹接头34和开采管18。外部线筛42由环状末端焊缝48连接到心轴38的相对端部分。外筛42是多孔流通,散式限制构件,分别按照心轴38成形。外筛42包括外筛线50,它多圈纵向缠绕在凸出外缘52上,优选地螺旋缠绕。外筛线50的圈纵向相互间隔,因此限定了其间的矩形流体流动孔。该矩形流体流动孔由纵向外缘52和线圈确定,线圈在除去砂和其它不压实的地层物质的同时引导地层流体流动。
如图5所示,外筛线50通常为梯形横截面,典型地千分之90寸宽,千分之140寸高。外线缠绕的邻近圈之间的最大纵向间隔A由要除去的细粒的最大直径决定。典型地,邻近线圈之间的孔间隔A是千分之20寸。
外筛线50和外缘52由不锈钢或其它可焊接材料制成并由电阻焊缝在外筛线50的每一个交叉点与外缘52连接,这样外筛42是一个整体的组件,在被固定到心轴38之前是自支撑的。外缘52相互沿圆周间隔并预定直径以设立预填充环状通道54合适的尺寸来容纳环状预填充体58,这在下文将描述。纵向外缘52作为内预填充筛44和外筛42之间的隔离物。最初产生的细粒经过砂砾填充操作之后有相当小的颗粒直径,例如20-40目的砂粒。相应地,外筛线50邻近圈之间的间隔尺寸选择以能除去超过20目的细砂。
明显地,设计和安装砂砾控制技术是昂贵的。然而,前面所述的所有技术有一个缺点,即缺少在完井和开采中地层表面实际事件的反馈。需要有探测砂筛状态的并可靠地传输这一信息到地面的功能。前面的技术没有说明一个方便的方法提供导体通过砂筛组件的通道。还有传感器被放置在砂筛里面和周围的无数优点应该被意识到。
传感器应该选择能提供砂堆放操作效率的实时数据。在砂堆放过程中发现未填充使操作工纠正这一不期望的状况。另外,传感器能提供通过筛的流体速度信息,这一点在决定地层流动分布中有用。此外,传感器能提供油、水和气的组成成份数据。所有的这些数据将改进井中的生产操作。
发明内容
本发明涉及一种改进的砂筛,和在砂堆放过程中探测井中条件并控制改变操作参数的一种方法。砂筛包括至少一个直接连接到砂筛组件的传感器和至少一个能影响砂堆放分布、装填效率、和控制井流体进入的控制器。每一个所述优点将从使用整合到砂筛上的传感器和控制器得到。
可以使用各种传感器来探测砂堆放和后来产生的流体经过筛进入开采管列过程的井底条件。这容许开采密闭装置在正常位置时,在井底之前、在井底中和开采中,把实时井底温度(BHT)、井底压力(BHP)、流体梯度、速度分布和流体组分记录下来。在砂筛上使用传感器一个特殊的优点包括测量和记录水基和油基流体循环时的堆放效率。使用者还可以记录砂的α和β波位移。砂筛上的传感器也容许测量填充之后的砂浓度;还有在井底中的砂浓度、砂流动速率。传感器还容许在通过砂筛进入洞时确定开口洞的直径,这对于堆放砂之前确定砂容量非常有用。传感器容许使用者记录流体密度以在开采中确定气/油/水比例并由所采用的控制/改变流动分布得到另外的经济效益,这将在下面得到更详细讨论。温度传感器能辨别开采中的水入口区域。使用传感器还容许探测压力降变化,这在确定开采中渗透性、空隙率和多一皮层有用。传感器数据可以操纵井底的用于重新配置流动控制以改变开采曲线和促进实时井底的经济价值的电机。
传感器数据可以被输入位于传感器上或邻近传感器或可选地在地面的微处理器。微处理器基于预确定的流动分布确定最佳的流动分布并给控制器提供一个控制信号以改变对应于砂筛特定部分的流动分布。一个简单的实施例如图10所示。一个电机可以被启动,基于控制信号,电机可以操纵一个小型的井底泵。当泵输送流体进入活塞室时,活塞被推动到一个新位置,与之连接的流动控制随后改变砂筛那一部分的开采曲线。许多替换性的流动控制可以以相同方式操作。
另外,通常大部分砂砾填充组件,包括砂筛组件被置于井筒并间隔越过一个被砂砾填充的单独区域。如果若干个区域在同一个井筒中被填充,然后独立的砂砾填充组件必须被置于井筒内以填充每一个区域。每一次进入井筒要求更多的钻井时间、与时间相关伴随的高操作成本。新技术提供砂砾填充系统,它容许操纵者操作一个间隔越过多个被砂砾填充的开采区域的砂砾填充组件。每一个区域由一个井底填充组件被分隔开并与其它区域独立。这种多区域砂砾填充组件被置于井筒作为一种单独的运输装置,它要求改进的带传感器和控制器的砂筛。
附图说明
描述发明特征的新特点在权利要求书中被阐明。然而,发明本身,以及优选实施方式,其他的目的和优点将通过以下结合附图详述的实施例更好地理解,其中:
图1是井的横截剖视图,表示先前技术的砂砾填充完井;
图2a和2b表示在开口或扩孔不足带壳完井中的砂砾堆放方法;
图3a、3b和3c表示内置套管砂砾填充的砂砾堆放方法;
图4和5表示先前技术砂砾填充,其中,有梯形横截面的线被用来缠绕砂砾填充设备;
图6表示本发明使用的一种传感器的框图;
图7a、7b、7c和7d表示依据本发明的一种新的传感器和动力线的布置;
图8a和8b表示本发明的另一个实施例,其中,动力线被置于一个中空筛线内,用于缠绕砂砾填充组件;
图9a和9b表示传感器沿砂砾填充组件内目放置;以及
图10表示一个控制器和流动控制系统。
具体实施方式
本发明涉及一种改进的砂筛,它包括传感器和一种传送传感数据到地面的方法。在每一个实施例中,至少一个传感器安装在砂筛构件上。传感器的信息可以通过一个直接的线路连接或发射器或两者结合被传送到地面。当微处理器包括在井底系统中时向地面发送信息是多余的并且可以不需要发送。可以使用任何类型的传感器。例如,一种压力传感器/或温度传感器可以提供特殊的重要的井内条件的反馈。通过把传感器放置在砂筛上,井内条件被监测并马上返回,相关操作被整合的控制器执行。这样,危险的井内条件例如井喷在影响到地面设备或伤害人员之前被探测到。尤其是,压力探测仅仅在地面进行,经常延误信息或传感器被放置与砂筛距离太远不能提供关于砂堆放操作的任何有用的信息。早期探测容许立刻执行减缓操作,例如启动控制器促进砂分布或关闭亚地面流动控制以使开采曲线最优化。
为了所述目的,传感器可以是一种压力传感器、温度传感器、压电声敏传感器、监测流速的流量计、加速计、监测水含量的电阻传感器、速度传感器、或任何其它测量流体特性或物理参数的传感器。术语传感器装置应该理解为包括这些传感器和任何可以应用在井底环境的其它传感器和与这些传感器的等同体。图6描述一种普通的用于本发明传感器构造的框图。在一个实施例中传感器102可以由电池108赋能,在另一个实施例中由连接到能源的线路赋能。当然,电池有一个使用寿命。然而,如果仅仅在有限的时间需要传感器数据,电池应该是充足的。同样的,发射器112可以用于发射传感器的数据到地面和地面接收器。发射器也可以由电池赋能。传感器应该安装收发器112,使它能够接受指示。例如,为了保存电池电量,传感器只有在接受到“开”命令时才启动。传感器也可以有一个附装的微处理器106,
容许处理和解析传感器数据。同样地,传感器可以被连接到一个存储器104上容许它为以后的批处理和批传输存储信息。另外,这些元件的组合能提供局部控制决定和自动开启。
赋能和数据输送的另一种选择是连接到地面的金属线。这要求使用一种电传导器,它能连接传感器到能源/或被使用输送数据。在井底操作中,完井采油管从单独的管长度被拼接到一起。每一个被螺纹连接到一起,然后被放下井内。完井管的邻近片断之间形成接头。图7c描述了一个简化接头这些丝扣接头的电连续的抓斗装置。
图7a和7b描述了本发明的第一个实施例100。一个内心轴120可以包括多个流动孔122。如先前技术的设计,一个外筛124被用来最小化通过孔122到开采管的砂流动。外筛124通过多个与内心轴120连接的杆126隔离开内心轴。传感器102表示为与外筛124内表面连接。然而,传感器102也可以放置在内心轴120上或连接到杆126。实际上,在一个实施例中,传感器可以被置于外筛的外表面或心轴内侧。这些布置的每一种给出了关于自身存在的工程挑战。但是在每一种情况中,传感器仍然与开采间隔界面紧密相关。
图7b表示一种特殊的连接到砂砾填充组件部分的接头130。这种接头有螺纹部分与相邻部分连接。同样,在接头130内形成了环状空间132。在这个环状空间内,第一个连接器134a是一个位于第一部分传导器136a的终端点。传导器是一个典型的电线,尽管它也可以是同轴电缆或其它信号传送媒介。传导136b被放置在第一个连接器134a和第二个连接器134b之间。传导器136c的另一个长度被置于第二部分100b内。这样,实际上,各部分被连接到一块。传导器136a被连接到连接器134a,同时,传导器136c被连接到连接器134b,其中,两个连接器被放置在接头130内。各个部分然后由接头130连接到一块。
图7c和7d描述了一个抓斗装置130,它简化了通过丝扣接点的电连接。砂筛部分如所示那样利用连接螺纹连接到一起。传导器136的电终端部件被固定到筛内心轴120的空白部分。抓斗装置130的两个抓斗片断与负荷连续连接器的弹簧相匹配,它啮合传导器终端部件以促进高等级的电连接。抓斗片断在管被螺纹连接后相连接。
图8a和8b描述了本发明另一个实施例,其中,多个传感器被放置在一个砂砾填充组件中。内心轴120可以有多个流动孔122。如先前技术设计,外筛124被用来最小化通过孔122到开采管的砂流动。外筛由多个与内心轴120连接的杆126与内心轴间隔开。传感器102被表示连接到外筛124内表面。传感器可以被放置在砂砾填充组件上的几个不同的位置。实际上,如果使用多个传感器,若干个可以在外筛的内表面,同时,其它的被连接到杆和其它上。这个实施例的新方面是传导器的位置位于在组成外筛的缠绕线圈里面。外筛可以是通常的中空筛线的缠绕。传导器136可以被嵌套在线圈内。传导器136可以被用作传感器的电供体或数据输送到地面输送器。
图9a和9b描述了沿砂砾填充组件长度使用多个传感器。一个单独的传导器136可以连接各个传感器。对于这个实施例,阵列中的每一个传感器可以给定一个地址。尽管示出一个(1)×(6)阵列,但是可以使用其它任何(X)×(Y)传感器阵列。
砂筛上的定位传感器的一个重要优点是监测砂砾在完井中被堆放情况的功能。例如,砂砾填充有一个密度。这个密度可以利用压电材料(PEM)传感器来监测。这个传感器有一个共振频率,它在较高密流体中减幅。这样,一个PEM传感器可以被用于监测砂堆放数量。如果堆放不充分,一种特殊的工具例如振荡器可以被用来改进砂堆放。
多个传感器在砂筛上的放置也容许能精确的“表面效应”监测。井的表面效应是复合变量。通常,任何引起流线失真从非常法向到井方向或限制流动将导致正表面效应。正表面效应可以通过机械因素产生,例如部分完井和窗孔数量不足。负表面效应表示附近井筒区域的压力降比正常、未扰动、储油层流动机制少。这样的负表面效应,或对于整个表面效应的负分布,可以是基质刺激、水力压裂、或高斜度井筒。认识到沿开采区间长度可以有高度反差是重要的。这样,利用多个传感器容许探测特殊位置的正表面指示破坏。这样使纠正操作被执行。多个传感器还容许探测流速各流动方式。例如,砂砾堆放在完井中典型地展示了一个α波和一个β波。α波指示最初的从井底沿砂筛侧面的砂堆积。β波指示随后的从顶部向下沿最初堆放侧面的填充。
图10表示一个控制系统200。控制系统可以包括多个传感器202、一个微处理器204、一个电机/泵装置206和一个水力定位套管208。在一个实施例中,第一个和第二个传感器202被置于内心轴120的内表面。这些传感器202可以被用来监测内管流体条件,例如温度、压力、速度和密度。传感器202的信号被微处理器204翻译。微处理器204被置于电机/泵装置206内。
套管被移动来选择性地阻挡在基准管212内的端口214。套管通过泵把流体泵入第一个室216或第二个室218而被移动。这些室由密封220、222分开。控制信号,例如AC电压,被发送到电机206,泵传输水力流体到室以移动套管208。如图所示,套管208被移动到一个流动通道被覆盖的位置,这样限制流动,但是,代替的流动端口安排在实际应用中很多,这一例子不应该限制本系统的范围。在使用中,电机/泵装置206接受微处理器的控制信号操作。在该结构中,第一个端口224是入口,端口226是出口。在这个例子中,流体填充到室218,流动控制套管被移动到所示的关闭位置。当期望流动时,泵被相反方向操作,流体从室216流入室218,活塞移动流动套管到相对极端,基准管上上流动端口被打开容许流动重新开始。传感器228可以被用于监测套管208的位置,传感器230可以被用于监测管外井条件。
为了示例和描述的目的,对本发明进行了描述,但是并不限定于详尽的描述或限定于所揭示的形式。对于那些熟悉本领域的普通人来说,许多修改和变化是很明显的。例如,数据传输可以被描述为无线或有线,也可以使用两种的结合。该实施例被选择和描述是为了更好地阐明发明原理、实际应用,使得熟悉本领域的其它普通人可以理解进行了各种修改的各种实施例,以便适用于预期的特殊用途。
Claims (49)
1.一种砂砾填充组件,包括:
一个砂筛,具有
一个内心轴,具有至少一个贯穿的孔;和
一个外筛,由隔离物与所述的心轴隔开;以及
一个传感器,与所述的砂筛直接连接。
2.如权利要求1所述的砂砾填充组件,其特征在于所述的传感器与所述的外筛相连接。
3.如权利要求1所述的砂砾填充组件,其特征在于所述的传感器与所述的内心轴相连接。
4.如权利要求1所述的砂砾填充组件,进一步包括给传感器赋能的赋能装置。
5.如权利要求4所述的砂砾填充组件,其特征在于所述的赋能装置包括连接于传感器的电池。
6.如权利要求4所述的砂砾填充组件,其特征在于所述的赋能装置包括从传感器到地面能源的传导器。
7.如权利要求1所述的砂砾填充组件,其特征在于所述的传感器包括压力传感器。
8.如权利要求1所述的砂砾填充组件,其特征在于所述的传感器包括温度传感器。
9.如权利要求1所述的砂砾填充组件,其特征在于所述的传感器包括压电材料制成的传感器。
10.如权利要求1所述的砂砾填充组件,其特征在于所述的传感器包括密度计。
11.如权利要求1所述的砂砾填充组件,其特征在于所述的传感器包括加速计。
12.如权利要求1所述的砂砾填充组件,其特征在于所述的隔离物包括多个杆。
13.如权利要求12所述的砂砾填充组件,其特征在于至少一个杆是中空并包含一个连接于传感器的传导器。
14.如权利要求1所述的砂砾填充组件,其特征在于所述外筛包括中空筛线圆周缠绕隔离物,其中传导器位于所述的中空筛线内。
15.如权利要求1所述的砂砾填充组件,进一步包括一个连接于传感器的存储器。
16.如权利要求1所述的砂砾填充组件,进一步包括一个连接于传感器的微处理器。
17.如权利要求1所述的砂砾填充组件,进一步包括一个连接于传感器的发射器。
18.如权利要求1所述的砂砾填充组件,进一步包括一个连接于传感器的接收器。
19.如权利要求1所述的砂砾填充组件,进一步包括一个连接于传感器的收发器。
20.如权利要求1所述的砂砾填充组件,进一步包括一个连接于传感器的控制器。
21.如权利要求20所述的砂砾填充组件,其特征在于所述的控制器是一个振荡器。
22.如权利要求20所述的砂砾填充组件,其特征在于所述的控制器是一个水力定位活塞。
23.如权利要求20所述的砂砾填充组件,其特征在于所述的砂砾填充系统是一个单次进入多区域的砂砾填充组件。
24.一种从井底环境收集数据的方法,包括步骤:
(a)将砂砾填充组件放入井底环境;其中一个传感器直接连接于砂筛,该砂筛构成所述的砂砾填充组件的一部分;以及
(b)从传感器收集数据。
25.如权利要求24所述的方法,其特征在于步骤(a)进一步包括将传感器连接到所述砂筛的外筛上。
26.如权利要求24所述的方法,其特征在于步骤(a)进一步包括将传感器连接到所述砂筛的内心轴上。
27.如权利要求24所述的方法,其特征在于步骤(b)包括将传感器连接到带有传导器的数据收集器上,传导器位于组件的外筛和内心轴之间的中空隔离物内。
28.如权利要求24所述的方法,其特征在于步骤(b)包括将传感器连接到带有传导器的数据收集器上,传导器位于组件的内心轴周围缠绕的中空筛线内。
29.如权利要求24所述的方法,进一步包括:
响应来自传感器的数据信号启动一个井底装置。
30.一种在砂砾填充组件周围堆放砂的方法,包括步骤:
(a)从直接连接于砂砾填充组件的砂筛的传感器实时收集数据;
(b)流动砂悬浮液流体到所述的组件,其中砂被沉降在砂筛和地层之间;
(c)启动一个振荡器以在砂筛和地层之间重新分布砂。
31.一种用于改变开采井中的开采曲线的方法,包括步骤:
(a)由位于井内砂筛上的传感器检测流动特征和流体参数;其中所述的砂筛被放置于开采区附近;并
(b)水力致动一个可定位套管以重新配置通过筛的流动区域。
32.如权利要求31所述的方法,其特征在于步骤(b)进一步包括在所述砂筛的内心轴内的通道上滑动所述套管。
33.一种用于从深井开采烃的装置,所述装置包括:
砂筛,在一端具有接头用于连接于用以钻孔的工具管组;以及
直接连接于所述砂筛的传感器。
34.如权利要求33所述的装置,其特征在于所述传感器连接于所述砂筛的外筛。
35.如权利要求33所述的装置,其特征在于所述的传感器连接于所述砂筛的所述内心轴。
36.如权利要求33所述的装置,进一步包括连接于所述传感器的电池。
37.如权利要求33所述的装置,进一步包括从所述传感器到地面能源的传导器。
38.如权利要求33所述的装置,其特征在于所述的传感器包括压力传感器、温度传感器、密度计、以及加速计中的一个。
39.如权利要求33所述的装置,其特征在于所述传感器连接于存储器、微处理器、发射器、接收器、收发器、和控制器中的一个。
40.一种用于从深井开采烃的装置,所述装置包括:
砂筛,在一端具有接头用于连接于用以钻孔的工具管组;以及
穿过所述砂筛的中空件并连接用于在所述砂筛的至少一个区域上传送信号的传导器。
41.如权利要求40所述的装置,其特征在于所述传导器将电池连接于传感器。
42.如权利要求40所述的装置,其特征在于所述传导器将地面能源连接于传感器。
43.如权利要求40所述的装置,其特征在于所述传导器穿过所述砂筛中的中空的隔离物。
44.如权利要求40所述的装置,其特征在于所述传导器穿过中空筛线,该中空筛线圆周缠绕心轴形成所述砂筛。
45.一种在砂筛上传导信号的方法,其中该砂筛是砂砾填充组件的一部分,所述方法包括步骤:
将传导器穿过所述砂筛的中空件内;
将所述砂砾填充组件连接于工具管组;
将所述工具管组引入钻孔;以及
通过所述传导器发送信号。
46.如权利要求45所述的方法,其特征在于所述砂筛的所述中空件是筛线,它圆周地缠绕在所述砂筛的心轴周围。
47.如权利要求45所述的方法,其特征在于所述砂筛的所述中空件是隔离物,它将圆周缠绕的筛线远离所述砂筛的心轴。
48.如权利要求45所述的方法,其特征在于所述传导器向传感器输送电能。
49.如权利要求45所述的方法,其特征在于所述传导器将传感器连接于微处理器。
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