CN1246900C - Semiconductor device and manufacture method - Google Patents

Semiconductor device and manufacture method Download PDF

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Publication number
CN1246900C
CN1246900C CNB001007556A CN00100755A CN1246900C CN 1246900 C CN1246900 C CN 1246900C CN B001007556 A CNB001007556 A CN B001007556A CN 00100755 A CN00100755 A CN 00100755A CN 1246900 C CN1246900 C CN 1246900C
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China
Prior art keywords
expansion
thermal coefficient
sealing film
particle
semiconductor chip
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CNB001007556A
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CN1264173A (en
Inventor
桑原治
若林猛
三原一郎
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Zhao Tan Jing Co ltd
Aoi Electronics Co Ltd
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Casio Computer Co Ltd
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    • H01L23/00Details of semiconductor or other solid state devices
    • H01L23/28Encapsulations, e.g. encapsulating layers, coatings, e.g. for protection
    • H01L23/31Encapsulations, e.g. encapsulating layers, coatings, e.g. for protection characterised by the arrangement or shape
    • H01L23/3107Encapsulations, e.g. encapsulating layers, coatings, e.g. for protection characterised by the arrangement or shape the device being completely enclosed
    • H01L23/3114Encapsulations, e.g. encapsulating layers, coatings, e.g. for protection characterised by the arrangement or shape the device being completely enclosed the device being a chip scale package, e.g. CSP
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    • H01L21/02Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof
    • H01L21/04Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof the devices having potential barriers, e.g. a PN junction, depletion layer or carrier concentration layer
    • H01L21/50Assembly of semiconductor devices using processes or apparatus not provided for in a single one of the subgroups H01L21/06 - H01L21/326, e.g. sealing of a cap to a base of a container
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    • H01L2224/05099Material
    • H01L2224/051Material with a principal constituent of the material being a metal or a metalloid, e.g. boron [B], silicon [Si], germanium [Ge], arsenic [As], antimony [Sb], tellurium [Te] and polonium [Po], and alloys thereof
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    • H01L2224/13099Material
    • H01L2224/131Material with a principal constituent of the material being a metal or a metalloid, e.g. boron [B], silicon [Si], germanium [Ge], arsenic [As], antimony [Sb], tellurium [Te] and polonium [Po], and alloys thereof
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    • H01L2224/10Bump connectors; Manufacturing methods related thereto
    • H01L2224/15Structure, shape, material or disposition of the bump connectors after the connecting process
    • H01L2224/16Structure, shape, material or disposition of the bump connectors after the connecting process of an individual bump connector
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    • H01L2924/1025Semiconducting materials
    • H01L2924/10251Elemental semiconductors, i.e. Group IV
    • H01L2924/10253Silicon [Si]

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Abstract

A semiconductor device includes a semiconductor substrate having bump electrodes and a sealing film formed thereon, the sealing film having laminated layers. The semiconductor device is mounted to another circuit substrate via the bump electrodes. The sealing film interposed between adjacent bump electrodes is prepared by laminating a protective film and each layer of the sealing film on the lower surface of the base film, on the bump electrodes, followed by allowing the bump electrodes to project through the sealing film under pressure and heat. The thickness of the sealing film is smaller than the height of the bump electrode, and thus the bump electrode projects through the sealing film. The stress derived from the difference in thermal expansion coefficient between the semiconductor substrate and the circuit substrate is absorbed by the projecting portion of the bump electrode. In forming the sealing film, particles for lowering the thermal expansion coefficient are dispersed in the sealing film to allow the sealing layers to exhibit a thermal expansion coefficient differing in its thickness direction such that the thermal expansion coefficient in the layer which is close to the semiconductor substrate is close to that of the semiconductor substrate so as to absorb the stress derived from the difference in thermal expansion coefficient between the semiconductor substrate and the sealing film. By absorbing the stress derived from the difference in thermal expansion coefficient between the semiconductor substrate and the circuit substrate and between the semiconductor substrate and the sealing film, a defective connection can be prevented so as to improve the reliability.

Description

Semiconductor device and manufacture method
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of semiconductor device and preparation method thereof with lug electrode.
Background technology
Be mounted in some situation of a circuit substrate in that the semiconductor device that the semiconductor device is made up of single semiconductor chip maybe will be called CSP (chip size assembly) is installed, employing is called the mounting technique of inverse bonding system.In such semiconductor device, the lug electrode that is used for for example being connected to another circuit substrate directly be mounted to the semiconductor substrate or be mounted to be inserted with therebetween in the middle of the semiconductor substrate of substrate (insert).
Usually make such semiconductor device by the manufacturing process shown in Figure 11 A and the 11B.Particularly, shown in Figure 11 A, on the semiconductor chip 2 of a silicon chip of a for example wafer state, form a plurality of lug electrodes 3.Then, a diaphragm seal 4 of being made by epoxy resin by formation such as silk screen print method, package method, transfer mo(u)lding methods is so that the thickness of diaphragm seal 4 what greater than the height of lug electrode 3.Therefore, under this state, the upper surface of lug electrode 3 is coated with diaphragm seal 4.Then, the upper area of diaphragm seal 4 is suitably polished so that the upper surface of lug electrode 3 is exposed to the outside, shown in Figure 11 B.After this polishing step, this silicon wafer is divided into semiconductor chip separately so that obtain to be provided with the semiconductor device of lug electrode in a cutting step (not shown).
On the lug electrode of the semiconductor device 1 for preparing like this, form weld flange and these weld flanges are mounted to another circuit substrate by the inverse bonding method connection welding.Figure 12 illustration the mounting structure of such preparation.This semiconductor chip 1 comprises a silicon chip 2 flat and rectangle, and is formed for being connected to a plurality of connection welding 5 of external device (ED) on the lower surface of this silicon chip 2.On the whole lower surface of connection welding except the middle body of connection welding 55 and silicon chip 2, form a dielectric film 6 so that the middle body of this connection welding 5 is exposed to the outside by the opening portion that forms in this dielectric film 6.One distribution substrate metal level 8 is formed to extend to the lower surface of dielectric film 6 from the lower surface that exposes of connection welding 5.In the case, this distribution substrate metal level 8 divide 8a, be positioned at the connection welding part 8b in the predetermined portions of lower surface of dielectric film 6 and be formed on this coupling part by a junction below connection welding 5 and this connection welding between tractive wiring 8c.On the lower surface of connection welding part 8b, form by copper.The lug electrode 3 that gold etc. are formed.And, on the lower surface of wiring except lug electrode 38 and dielectric film 6, form an epoxy resin.On the lower surface of lug electrode 3, form weld flange 9.The weld flange 9 that should be noted that semiconductor device 1 is soldered to the connection welding 11 that forms on the upper surface of a circuit substrate 10 by inverse bonding, this circuit substrate 10 for example is made up of glass epoxy, so that this semiconductor device 1 is mounted to circuit substrate 10.
The glass epoxy that should be noted that the silicon that constitutes silicon chip 2, the sealing resin that constitutes diaphragm seal 4 and forming circuit substrate 10 is different mutually on thermal coefficient of expansion.Particularly, the thermal coefficient of expansion of silicon is 2 to 3ppm/ ℃, and the thermal coefficient of expansion of sealing resin is 10 to 15ppm/ ℃, and the thermal coefficient of expansion of glass epoxy is about 15ppm/ ℃.Should be noted that diaphragm seal 4 and circuit substrate 10 are approaching mutually on thermal coefficient of expansion.On the other hand, the difference of the thermal coefficient of expansion between diaphragm seal 4 and the silicon chip 2 is relatively large.As a result, as shown in figure 12, be soldered to through weld flange 9 under the situation of circuit substrate 10,, between silicon chip 2 and diaphragm seal 4, generate big relatively stress by the difference derivation of thermal coefficient of expansion by variation of temperature at semiconductor device 1.What it should be noted that in this connection is the height that the thickness of dielectric film 4 equals lug electrode 3.Draw lug electrode 3 thus and can not be deformed so that be absorbed between silicon chip 2 and the diaphragm seal 4 stress that generates, cause the crack occurring in the welding portion between lug electrode 3 and weld flange 9 or in the welding portion between weld flange 9 and connection welding 11.The appearance in this crack has brought the problem that is difficult to guarantee gratifying welding.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of semiconductor device, be included in the lug electrode and the diaphragm seal that form on the semiconductor substrate, this semiconductor device through lug electrode be mounted to another circuit substrate and have be used to be absorbed between this semiconductor chip and the circuit substrate and the stress that difference derived of the thermal coefficient of expansion between semiconductor chip and the diaphragm seal so that suppress a structure and a kind of method of making this particular semiconductor device that defective welding occurs.
For achieving the above object, first semiconductor device of the present invention is characterised in that and forms a diaphragm seal between the adjacent lug electrode on the semiconductor chip, the sealing film is formed by having the two-layer of suitably being controlled at least of thermal coefficient of expansion, and the thickness of each layer of sealing film is less than the height of lug electrode.When the thickness of whole diaphragm seal was made height less than lug electrode, lug electrode stretched out from diaphragm seal, and the extension of lug electrode is absorbed in the stress that difference derived of the thermal coefficient of expansion between this semiconductor chip and the circuit substrate.A kind of method of making the semiconductor device of this ad hoc structure includes step: form a stack membrane, be made up of a diaphragm on the lower surface that is formed on a basement membrane and a diaphragm seal that is formed on this diaphragm, the sealing film is made up of multilayer; This stack membrane that deposition forms like this on lug electrode, then this stack membrane of pressurized, heated is so that lug electrode extends through diaphragm seal; And peel off this basement membrane and diaphragm, thereby prevent the lug electrode fracture or damage so that diaphragm is carried out the function of buffer unit.
For achieving the above object, first semiconductor device of the present invention is characterised in that in the thermal coefficient of expansion Be Controlled of the diaphragm seal that forms between the adjacent lug electrode on the semiconductor chip so that on its thickness direction difference is being arranged so that the thermal coefficient of expansion of the diaphragm seal on this side of semiconductor chip approaches the thermal coefficient of expansion that the thermal coefficient of expansion of the diaphragm seal on this side of the thermal coefficient of expansion of semiconductor chip and circuit substrate approaches circuit substrate.This specific formation allows to be absorbed in the stress that difference derived of the thermal coefficient of expansion between this semiconductor chip and the diaphragm seal.A kind of method of making the semiconductor device of this ad hoc structure, include step: by solidifying to form the particle that is mixed for reducing thermal coefficient of expansion in the diaphragm seal, the volume ratio of these particles is suitably being allowed the sealing film to present different thermal coefficient of expansion mutually on its thickness direction after the control on the thickness direction of sealing film.
Other purposes of the present invention and advantage will be described in the following description, and be conspicuous partly, maybe can understand by putting into practice the present invention.Objects and advantages of the present invention can be implemented and obtain by means and the combination that hereinafter specifically provides.
Description of drawings
Accompanying drawing combined at this and that constitute the part of specification has provided the preferred embodiments of the present invention.And together with above general introduction and below the detailed description that provides, explain principle of the present invention.
Fig. 1 is the cross sectional view of a mounting structure, and wherein the semiconductor device according to the first embodiment of the present invention is mounted to another circuit substrate through lug electrode;
Fig. 2 be illustrate according to having of the first embodiment of the present invention be mounted to its lug electrode semiconductor chip and in manufacturing process, form the cross sectional view of the step of a stack membrane;
Fig. 3 be illustrate according to the first embodiment of the present invention in manufacturing process on a platform location semiconductor device and on lug electrode, deposit the cross sectional view of the step of a stack membrane in the mode of aiming at;
Fig. 4 be illustrate according to the first embodiment of the present invention in manufacturing process between a heated sheet and this platform heating and pressurizing allow lug electrode to extend through the cross sectional view of the step of sealing film with diaphragm seal one;
Fig. 5 is the cross sectional view that illustrates according to the step of peeling off a basement membrane and a diaphragm in manufacturing process of the first embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 6 illustrates to replace the cross sectional view that hot pressurization steps is used the step of a pressurized, heated roller of falling among Fig. 4 according to the first embodiment of the present invention in manufacturing process;
Fig. 7 is the cross sectional view of a mounting structure, and wherein semiconductor device according to a second embodiment of the present invention is mounted to another circuit substrate through lug electrode;
Fig. 8 A to 8E is the cross sectional view that the venue illustrates a manufacturing process according to a second embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 9 is that heat pressurization one diaphragm seal that falls between a heated sheet and this platform in manufacturing process that illustrates according to a second embodiment of the present invention extends through the cross sectional view of the step of sealing film to allow lug electrode;
Figure 10 is the cross sectional view of the main points part of a mounting structure, and wherein semiconductor device according to a second embodiment of the present invention is mounted to another circuit substrate through lug electrode;
Figure 11 A and 11B are the cross sectional view that the venue illustrates the step of the lug electrode that forms conventional structure;
Figure 12 is the cross sectional view of a mounting structure, and the semiconductor device that wherein has the lug electrode of conventional structure is mounted to another circuit substrate through lug electrode.
Embodiment
Hereinafter with reference to accompanying drawing semiconductor device of the present invention and preparation method thereof is elaborated.
Particularly, Fig. 1 is the cross sectional view of a mounting structure, and wherein the semiconductor device according to the first embodiment of the present invention is mounted to another circuit substrate through lug electrode.In this embodiment, semiconductor device 20 is included in a plurality of lug electrodes 22 that form on the semiconductor substrate 21.On the other hand, form a plurality of connection welding 32 in the predetermined portions on the upper surface of circuit substrate 31.As shown in the figure, the projecting edge of lug electrode 22 partly is soldered to the weld flange 33 that forms in advance so that allow semiconductor device 20 to be installed on the circuit substrate 31 in connection welding 32.Should be noted that and form diaphragm seal 23,24 in the zone between two adjacent lug electrodes 22 of semiconductor device 20.Each diaphragm seal 23 and 24 is formed by for example resin of epoxy series plastics, biphenyl series plastics, phenolic resins, silicone resin or mylar.Should be noted that and in this resin, be scattered with for example particle that is used to reduce thermal coefficient of expansion of silica dioxide granule.In the case, at the dispersion volume of the particle that is used for reducing thermal coefficient of expansion, diaphragm seal 23 and 24 is made mutual different and therefore present different characteristics.Particularly, the thermal coefficient of expansion of lower seal film 24 is made the thermal coefficient of expansion less than top seal film 23.As a result, the thermal coefficient of expansion of lower seal film 24 approaches the thermal coefficient of expansion of silicon chip 21.Similarly, the thermal coefficient of expansion of top seal film 23 approaches the thermal coefficient of expansion of lug electrode 22.By the way, may only in lower seal film 24, scatter the particle that is used to reduce thermal coefficient of expansion.In other words, may only form top seal film 23 with resin.It should further be appreciated that the height of the gross thickness of the diaphragm seal 23 that is given these concrete properties and 24 less than lug electrode 22.Nature, lug electrode 22 is outstanding by diaphragm seal 23,24, and this ledge allows lug electrode 22 to be easy to rotation.As a result, after semiconductor device 20 is mounted to circuit substrate 31, in the temperature cycling test that provides, can absorb between silicon chips 21 and the circuit substrate 31 the stress that difference derived by lug electrode 22 by thermal coefficient of expansion.It should further be appreciated that, because the thermal coefficient of expansion of lower seal film 24 approaches the thermal coefficient of expansion that the thermal coefficient of expansion of the thermal coefficient of expansion of silicon chip 21 and top seal film 23 approaches lug electrode 22, may reduce between lower seal film 24 and the silicon chip 12 the stress that difference derived by thermal coefficient of expansion.And lug electrode 22 is easy to follow the mobile of top seal film 23 so that suppress the appearance of defective.
Fig. 2 to 5 is used for the cross sectional view according to the manufacturing process of the semiconductor device of the first embodiment of the present invention shown in the construction drawing 1 for expression.
In first step, be formed with preparation one silicon chip 21 in the wafer state of a plurality of lug electrodes 22 thereon and by a basement membrane 25, be layered in a diaphragm 26 on the lower surface of basement membrane 25, be layered in the top seal film 23 on the lower surface of diaphragm 26 and be layered in the stacked film 27 that the lower seal film 24 on the lower surface of top seal film 23 constitutes.Basement membrane 25 is formed by the engineering plastic materials of for example polyimides or PET (polyethylene is to stupid dicarboxylic acid esters).Diaphragm 26 is formed by urethane resin.And each diaphragm seal 23 and 24 is formed by for example resin of epoxy series plastics, biphenyl series plastics, phenolic resins, silicone resin or mylar, and is as discussed previously.It should be noted that the particle that is used for reducing thermal coefficient of expansion of silica dioxide granule for example is dispersed in this resin.In the case, diaphragm seal 23 and 24 is made to be used to reduce on the dispersion volume of particle of thermal coefficient of expansion different mutually at this, and so presents different characteristics.And diaphragm seal 23 and 24 gross thickness are made half less than the height of lug electrode 22.When for example height of lug electrode 22 was about 150 μ m, diaphragm seal 23 and 24 gross thickness were set at about 50 to 70 μ m.The thickness of diaphragm 26 be determined with the gross thickness that allows diaphragm 26 and diaphragm seal 23,24 what greater than the height of lug electrode 22.By on the lower surface of basement membrane 25, stacking diaphragm 26, then stacking lower seal film 24 on the lower surface of diaphragm 26 and then on the lower surface of lower seal film 24, stacking top seal film 23 and diaphragm 26 and diaphragm seal 23,24 are overlayed on the basement membrane 25.Replacedly, available flowable materials applies the lower surface of basement membrane 25, and then the material of cured coated forms diaphragm 26 and diaphragm seal 23,24 in the mode of lamination.
In next step, as shown in Figure 3, depositing silicon substrate 21 on the part of an expectation of one 41.Then, on the upper surface of lug electrode 22, stack membrane 27 is installed so that lower seal film 24 directly contacts with the upper surface of lug electrode 22 in the mode of aiming at.
Then, stack membrane 27 is pressurizeed on this side of basement membrane 25 by heating-pressure-producing part of forming by a heating plate 42 and a heat-resistant rubber slab 43 that is installed in the lower surface of heating plate 42, as shown in Figure 4.At the same time, platform 41 and heating plate 42 are heated so that about 150 ℃ heating-up temperature to be provided.As a result, diaphragm 26 and diaphragm seal 23,24 are softened to allow lug electrode 22 to give prominence to and pass through lower seal film 24 and top seal films 23, and are therefore covered in diaphragm 26.As discussed previously, the gross thickness of diaphragm 26 and diaphragm seal 23,24 is greater than the height of lug electrode 22.The upper surface that can draw lug electrode 22 can not extend to arrive the lower surface of basement membrane 25.And diaphragm 26 plays the effect of buffer unit, and lug electrode 22 can not ruptured or damage as a result.And the repulsive force of diaphragm 26 allows diaphragm seal 23,24 must be incorporated in to the upper surface of silicon chip 21.
In next step, heating plate 42, heat-resistant rubber slab 43 and platform 41 are removed so that peel off basement membrane 25 and diaphragm 26.As a result, the first half of lug electrode 22 is outstanding from top seal film 23 basically, as shown in Figure 5.In the case, basement membrane 25 and diaphragm 26 can be separated ground or side by side peel off.If heating is suitably applied, these films 25 and 26 can easily be peeled off, no matter these films can be separated ground or side by side peel off.By the way, lug electrode 22 can come Be Controlled by the gross thickness of control diaphragm seal 23 and 24 according to expectation from the outstanding length of last sealant.
Then, diaphragm seal 23 and 24 is cured in a hot curing stove (not shown), then by the cutting process (not shown) this wafer is divided into independent semiconductor chip so that obtain to be provided with the semiconductor device 20 (semiconductor chip) of lug electrode 22 and diaphragm seal 23,24.
In the above-described embodiments, top seal film 23 is formed by the resin of particle that is used to reduce thermal coefficient of expansion that is mixed with silica dioxide granule for example.Replacedly, top seal film 23 can be formed by the epoxy resin of binding agent that is used to reduce modulus of elasticity that for example is mixed with silicone oil for example.In the case, the modulus of elasticity of top seal film 23 is suitably reduced so that allow lug electrode 22 rotation more easily.The medium that replacedly medium and being used to that for example is used for reducing the particle of thermal coefficient of expansion can be reduced modulus of elasticity is added in diaphragm seal 23 together.
And, in the above-described embodiments, may use manufacturing process as shown in Figure 6 to replace the pressurization steps of being heated shown in Fig. 4.In processing shown in Figure 6, the structure shown in Fig. 3, wherein the lower seal film 24 of stack membrane 27 is aligned on the upper surface of a plurality of lug electrodes 22, is inserted between a pair of pressurized, heated roller 44 and 45.In the case, these rollers are rotated with the arrow shown in Fig. 6 so that move this concrete structure in the figure from left to right.Process shown in Fig. 6 makes pressurizes under the condition may be implemented in heating continuously.
In the above-described embodiments, prepare the laminated construction of forming by basement membrane 25, diaphragm 26, top seal film 23 and lower seal film 24 in advance.Replacedly, can deposit continuously on the lug electrode 22 of silicon chip 21 these films 25,26,23 and 24 be used for the heating condition under pressurize.
And in the above-described embodiments, diaphragm 26 is formed by the urethanes series plastics.Replacedly, can form diaphragm 26 by for example stack a diaphragm on the lower surface of basement membrane, described diaphragm is made up of a binding agent (UV curing type binding agent), and its cohesive force to diaphragm seal is reduced under the irradiation of ultraviolet light (UV) immediately.In the case, this basement membrane is by arbitrary composition the among PVC (polyvinyl chloride), EVA (vinyl-vinyl acetate copolymer), the PO (polyolefin) etc.If the lower surface to basement membrane applies fastening processing in advance, promptly use the UV-irradiation basement membrane, do not peel off between basement membrane and the diaphragm, basement membrane and diaphragm can easily be peeled off from diaphragm seal simultaneously as a result.By the way, this basement membrane, diaphragm and two diaphragm seals can form with sheet material separately.
And, in the above-described embodiments, the double-decker that the sealing film is made up of top seal film 23 and lower seal film 24.Yet the sealing film also may be a single layer structure or by three or more multi-layered the composition.Under the situation that adopts single layer structure, diaphragm seal can be formed by previously mentioned arbitrary resin.And, when diaphragm seal for example is a three-decker, can make the thermal coefficient of expansion in intermediate layer and modulus of elasticity centre in lower layer and upper layer.
Fig. 7 is the cross sectional view of the mounting structure of semiconductor device 51 according to a second embodiment of the present invention.As shown in the figure, semiconductor device 51 comprises silicon chip 52 plane and rectangle.Form a plurality of connection welding 53 in the outer peripheral portion on the lower surface of silicon chip 52.Form a dielectric film 54 with the whole lower surface that covers these connection welding except middle body and silicon chip so that outside the middle body of these connection welding 53 is exposed to by the opening 55 that forms in the dielectric film 54.Form a distribution substrate metal level 56 extends to dielectric film 54 with the lower surface from the connection welding 53 that exposes lower surface.Distribution substrate metal level 56 is included in a junction that connection welding 53 belows form and divides 56a, is inserted in tractive wiring 56c between coupling part 56a and the connection welding part 56b at a connection welding part 56b and who forms on the lower surface of dielectric film 54.On the lower surface of each connection welding part 56b, form a plurality of lug electrodes 57 of making by steel, gold etc.Except lug electrode 57, on the lower surface of dielectric film 54, form a diaphragm seal 58.Diaphragm seal 58 is three-deckers, by directly contacting with dielectric film 54 and a bottom diaphragm seal 59 by silica dioxide granule 59b being added epoxy resin 59a preparation, forming by silica dioxide granule 60b being added intermediate seal film 60 that epoxy resin 60a prepares and the top seal film of only being made up of epoxy resin 61. Silica dioxide granule 59a, 60a are used for reducing respectively the thermal coefficient of expansion of bottom and intermediate seal film 59 and 60, and have the identical particle diameter.The silica dioxide granule capacity of epoxy resin 59a is higher than the silica dioxide granule capacity of epoxy resin 60a.As a result, the thermal coefficient of expansion of lower seal film 59 approaches the thermal coefficient of expansion of silicon chip 52, and the thermal coefficient of expansion of intermediate seal film 60 is lower than the thermal coefficient of expansion of epoxy monomer (top seal film 61) and is higher than the thermal coefficient of expansion of lower seal film 59.In other words, the thermal coefficient of expansion of intermediate seal film 60 is in the centre of the thermal coefficient of expansion of the thermal coefficient of expansion of top seal film 61 and lower seal film 59.And because top seal film 61 only is made up of epoxy resin, the thermal coefficient of expansion of top seal film 61 approaches to form the thermal coefficient of expansion of for example glass epoxy resin of distribution substrate 31.On the lower surface of lug electrode 57, form a weld flange 62.Weld flange 62 is connected to the connection welding 32 that forms on the upper surface of distribution substrate 31 so that allow semiconductor device 51 to be mounted to distribution substrate 31 by inverse bonding.
Repeatedly say, in mounting structure shown in Fig. 7, diaphragm seal 58 is three-deckers, by the lower seal film 59 of the thermal coefficient of expansion with the thermal coefficient of expansion that approaches silicon chip 52, have at the intermediate seal film 60 of the thermal coefficient of expansion of the centre of the thermal coefficient of expansion of the thermal coefficient of expansion of top seal film 61 and lower seal film 59 and lower seal film 5 with thermal coefficient of expansion of the thermal coefficient of expansion that approaches silicon chip 52 and form.Can draw, generate between silicon chip 52 and the diaphragm seal 58 by the stress that difference derived of thermal coefficient of expansion even pass through variation of temperature, can reduce between the lower seal film 59 that in three films that constitute sealing film 58, approaches silicon chip 52 most and the silicon chip 52 the stress that difference derived by thermal coefficient of expansion.As a result, occur being inhibited in the crack of coupling part between lug electrode 57 and the weld flange 62 and the connecting portion office between weld flange 62 and connection welding 32.
Fig. 8 A to 8E is the cross sectional view that the venue illustrates the method for making semiconductor device according to a second embodiment of the present invention.
Shown in Fig. 8 A, on the upper surface of the silicon chip 52 of a wafer state, form connection welding 53, then form dielectric film 54 with the upper surface that covers silicon chip 52 and the connection welding except middle body 53 so that in dielectric film 54 formation opening portion 55.Then, form distribution substrate metal level 56 extends to dielectric film 54 with the upper surface of the exposure of connection welding 53 upper surface.And, on the upper surface of distribution substrate metal level 56, form lug electrode 57.
In next step, shown in Fig. 8 B, the upper surface that comprises the dielectric film 54 of epoxy resin 59a coating except lug electrode 57 of a large amount of silica dioxide granule 59b by usefulness such as distribution method, spin coating methods forms lower seal film 59, then solidifies this epoxy resin 59a.Then, shown in Fig. 8 C, the upper surface that comprises the bottom dielectric film 59 of epoxy resin 60a coating except lug electrode 57 of a large amount of silica dioxide granule 60b by usefulness such as distribution method, spin coating methods forms intermediate seal film 60, then solidifies this epoxy resin 60a.And, shown in Fig. 8 D, form top seal film 61 with the upper surface that epoxy resin applies the intermediate seal film 60 except lug electrode 57 by distribution method, spin coating method etc., then solidify this epoxy resin.If apply the upper surface of lug electrode 57 with lower seal film 61 when forming lower seal film 61, the surf zone of top seal film 61 is ground slightly with the upper surface with lug electrode 57 is exposed to the outside.
In next step, as shown in Fig. 8 E, on the upper surface of lug electrode 57, form weld flange 62, then the semiconductor chip 52 of wafer state is cut into independent semiconductor chip so that obtain the semiconductor device 51 shown in Fig. 7 by the cutting process (not shown).
In above-mentioned manufacturing process, can then cut simultaneously and form lower seal film 59, intermediate seal film 60 and top seal film 61 by applying.And in above-mentioned second embodiment, silica dioxide granule 59b and 60b equate on particle diameter.Replacedly, silica dioxide granule 59b can be different mutually on particle diameter with 60b.In this case, the particle diameter of silica dioxide granule 59b can be greater than or less than the particle diameter of silica dioxide granule 60b.Yet, the volume ratio of the silica dioxide granule 59b in the lower seal film 59 need be established in volume ratio greater than the silica dioxide granule 60b in the intermediate seal film 60.And in a second embodiment, diaphragm seal 58 is three-deckers.Yet diaphragm seal 58 can be to comprise four or a sandwich construction of more diaphragm seals.
May adopt the manufacture method of first embodiment to make the semiconductor device 51 of second embodiment.More specifically, as shown in Figure 9, on the lower surface of basement membrane 25, form diaphragm 26 and diaphragm seal 61,60,59.Can then cut these epoxy resin by suitably applying the epoxy resin that comprises silica dioxide granule, or form these diaphragm seals 61,60,59 by the film that the form with sheet stacks these preparations with distribution method, spin coating method etc.Then, silicon chip 52 is aligned on the upper surface of platform 41.And the lower seal film 59 of this stack membrane is aligned on the upper surface of a plurality of lug electrodes 57.In the case, this stack membrane is pressurizeed from this side of basement membrane 25 by heating plate 42 with the heat-resistant rubber slab 43 that is mounted to its lower surface.At the same time, platform 41 and heating plate 42 are heated so that about 150 ℃ heating-up temperature to be provided.As a result, diaphragm 26 and diaphragm seal 61,60,59 are by suitably softening so that lug electrode 57 is outstanding by these diaphragm seals.In the case, by the existence of diaphragm 26, even the gross thickness of these diaphragm seals less than the height of lug electrode 57, the upper surface of lug electrode 57 is prevented from extending the lower surface that arrives basement membrane 25.Can understand and prevent that lug electrode 57 from being ruptured or damage.In next step, heating plate 42, refractory plate 33 and platform 41 are removed so that peel off basement membrane 25 and diaphragm 26, thereby obtain the structure shown in Fig. 8 D.If the upper surface of lug electrode 57 is coated with top seal film 61 or in that to peel off basement membrane 25 and diaphragm 26 back lug electrodes 57 outstanding by the upper surface of top seal film 61, this upper surface is ground slightly with the align upper surface of top seal film 61 of the upper surface with lug electrode 57.Then, on the upper surface of lug electrode 57, form weld flange 62, shown in Fig. 8 E, then the semiconductor chip in the wafer state 52 is cut into independent semiconductor chip by the cutting process (not shown), thereby obtain independent semiconductor device, each structure as shown in Figure 7.
Figure 10 is the main points cross sectional view partly of the semiconductor Unit Installation structure of a third embodiment in accordance with the invention.The common reference number that adopts is represented the same parts of this mounting structure in Fig. 7 and 10, therefore omits some the description in these reference numbers to avoid repetition.A diaphragm seal 79 that comprises in the semiconductor device of the 3rd embodiment is formed by scatter the single resin molding that epoxy resin 71 prepares by three kinds of silica dioxide granules that particle diameter is mutually different 72,73,74.Yet, should be noted that diaphragm seal 79 can be considered to one or four layers structure, form by first sealant 75 of the silica dioxide granule 72 that consists predominantly of the bulky grain diameter, second sealant 76 that consists predominantly of the silica dioxide granule 73 of intermediate particle diameter, the 3rd sealant 77 of silica dioxide granule 74 that consists predominantly of small particle diameters and the 4th sealant 78 that comprises any silica dioxide granule 72,73,74 hardly.These sealants 75,76,77,78 in this order one on another, stack so that first sealant 75 directly contacts with dielectric film 54.It should be noted that the volume ratio of the silica dioxide granule 72,73,74 in the epoxy resin 71 little by little reduces in order so that the big silica dioxide granule 72 that mainly comprises in first sealant 75 is involved with the volume ratio of maximum.Because this concrete structure, even by variation of temperature between silicon chip 52 and diaphragm seal 79 since the gravitation that the difference of thermal coefficient of expansion derives be generated, between first sealant 75 on silicon chip 52 sides and silicon chip 52,, the gravitation that the difference of thermal coefficient of expansion derives improves the reliability of combination, as in a second embodiment because can being reduced.
Semiconductor device 51 how to make the 3rd embodiment will be described below.In first step, for example the structure shown in Fig. 8 B is produced.Then, apply the epoxy resin 71 that is mixed with three kinds of silica dioxide granules 72,73,74 by distribution method, spin coating method etc. at the upper surface of the dielectric film except lug electrode 57 54, the epoxy resin 71 that then rotates this coating is used for eccentrically these silica dioxide granules 72,73,74 being shifted to the surface of the epoxy resin 71 of this coating.The epoxy resin 71 of this coating was made for static one suitable time period.As a result, these silica dioxide granules 72,73,74 are owing to they self weight sinks in the epoxy resin 71.These silica dioxide granules sink to the diameter that the degree of depth depends on these silica dioxide granules.Particularly, the silica dioxide granule 72 with maximum gauge sinks to the most deeply in epoxy resin 71, and the silica dioxide granule 74 with minimum diameter sinks to the most shallowly in epoxy resin 71.Can find out to form a four-layer structure, by first sealant 75 (silica dioxide granule 72 that wherein has the bulky grain diameter mainly is blended in the epoxy resin 71), second sealant 76 (silica dioxide granule 73 that wherein has the intermediate particle diameter mainly is blended in the epoxy resin 71), the 3rd sealant 77 (silica dioxide granule 74 that wherein has small particle diameters mainly is blended in the epoxy resin 71) and the 4th sealant 78 (wherein almost not having silica dioxide granule to be blended in the epoxy resin 71).Then, epoxy resin 71 is cut, and then forms weld flange 62 on the upper surface of lug electrode 57.At last, by a cutting step, the silicon chip 52 in wafer state is divided into independent semiconductor chip so that obtain independent semiconductor device 51, and each structure as shown in figure 10.
In the 3rd above-mentioned embodiment, three kinds of mutual different silica dioxide granules of particle diameter are used and are used to form the diaphragm seal that is essentially four-layer structure.Replacedly, five or more kinds of particle diameter mutually different silica dioxide granules be used to be used to form and be essentially five or the diaphragm seal of more multi-layered structure.
In the second and the 3rd above-mentioned embodiment, on the lug electrode 57 of semiconductor device 51, form weld flange 62.Replacedly, can on the connection welding 32 of distribution substrate 32, form this weld flange.
And, in the above-described embodiments, form diaphragm seal 23,24,58,79 on the silicon chip 21,52 in a wafer state, then cut this silicon chip and be used to prepare independent semiconductor chip.Replacedly, can on the silicon chip in the wafer state, form diaphragm seal.In the case, expectation will be installed in by the frame spline structure that for example epoxy resin is made silicon chip in the chip status around so that prevent the upper surface of the silicon chip of encapsulant from wafer state and flow out.
For those skilled in the art, other advantage and remodeling are obvious.Therefore, the present invention is not limited to above-mentioned concrete details and representational embodiment in a broad sense.Therefore, under the prerequisite that does not break away from the spirit and scope of the present invention that define by appended claim and equivalent thereof, can make various remodeling.

Claims (20)

1, a kind of semiconductor device comprises:
The semiconductor substrate;
The a plurality of lug electrodes that on this semiconductor chip, form; And
A diaphragm seal that on the described semiconductor chip between the adjacent lug electrode, forms,
One predetermined properties of described diaphragm seal is different on its thickness direction, so that approach the characteristic of the part of this semiconductor chip more approaches this semiconductor chip than the characteristic of the part that is away from this semiconductor chip in the sealing film characteristic in the sealing film.
2, according to the semiconductor device of claim 1, wherein said predetermined properties comprises at least one in thermal coefficient of expansion and the modulus of elasticity.
3, according to the semiconductor device of claim 1, wherein:
Described diaphragm seal comprises a plurality of layers that stack;
In each layer of sealing film, comprise the particle that is used to reduce thermal coefficient of expansion at least;
These layers of sealing film are different mutually on the volume ratio of the particle that is used to reduce thermal coefficient of expansion; And
The volume ratio that approaches the particle that being used in the layer of sealing film of semiconductor chip reduce thermal coefficient of expansion is greater than the volume ratio of particle that is used to reduce thermal coefficient of expansion away from the layer of the sealing film of semiconductor chip.
4, according to the semiconductor device of claim 3, the height of the upper surface of wherein said diaphragm seal is lower than the height of the upper surface of described lug electrode.
5,, approach the characteristic of described lug electrode in described a plurality of layers of wherein said diaphragm seal apart from the characteristic of described semiconductor chip farthest side layer according to the semiconductor device of claim 3.
6, according to the semiconductor device of claim 5, the wherein said particle that is used to reduce thermal coefficient of expansion is a silica dioxide granule.
7, according to the semiconductor device of claim 1, wherein said diaphragm seal is made up of a single resin molding of particle that is used to reduce thermal coefficient of expansion that is mixed with not on the same group, and described group particle is different mutually and be distributed so that the thermal coefficient of expansion of sealing film reduces gradually from the surface lateral semiconductor chip on particle diameter.
8, according to the semiconductor device of claim 7, the wherein said particle that is used to reduce thermal coefficient of expansion is a silica dioxide granule.
9, according to the semiconductor device of claim 1, wherein said diaphragm seal is made up of a single resin molding of particle that is used to reduce thermal coefficient of expansion that is mixed with not on the same group, and described group particle is different mutually and be distributed so that being used in the sealing film reduced the volume ratio of the particle of thermal coefficient of expansion increases gradually from the surface lateral semiconductor chip on particle diameter.
10, according to the semiconductor device of claim 9, the wherein said particle that is used to reduce thermal coefficient of expansion is a silica dioxide granule.
11, a kind of method of making semiconductor device, this semiconductor device comprises that a semiconductor chip and that is formed with a plurality of lug electrodes on it comprises a plurality of layers the diaphragm seal that stacks mutually, the height of the upper surface of sealing film is lower than the height of the upper surface of this lug electrode, and this method includes step:
Stack these layers, a diaphragm and a basement membrane of sealing film;
The described film that stacks is pressurizeed under the condition of heating facing to the semiconductor chip that comprises described a plurality of lug electrodes;
Make described lug electrode outstanding, the upper surface of this lug electrode is covered by described diaphragm by the sealing film; And
Peel off described basement membrane and described diaphragm from the sealing film.
12, according to the method for the making semiconductor device of claim 11, wherein:
In each layer of sealing film, comprise the particle that is used to reduce thermal coefficient of expansion at least;
These layers of sealing film are different mutually on the volume ratio of the particle that is used to reduce thermal coefficient of expansion; And
The volume ratio that approaches the particle that being used in the layer of sealing film of semiconductor chip reduce thermal coefficient of expansion is greater than the volume ratio of particle that is used to reduce thermal coefficient of expansion away from the layer of the sealing film of semiconductor chip, and the characteristic of layer that approaches the sealing film of semiconductor chip approaches the characteristic of this semiconductor chip.
13, a kind of method of making semiconductor device, this semiconductor device comprises that one is formed with the semiconductor chip of a plurality of lug electrodes on it, and a plurality of layers the diaphragm seal that stacks mutually that comprises that on the part of this semiconductor chip between the adjacent ribs electrode, is forming, the height of the upper surface of sealing film is lower than the height of the upper surface of described lug electrode, and this method includes step:
Comprising these layers, a diaphragm and the basement membrane that stack the sealing film on this semiconductor chip of described lug electrode continuously to form the structure of a lamination, the described layer of each of sealing film, described diaphragm and described basement membrane are the forms of sheet;
The described film that stacks is pressurizeed under the condition of heating facing to the semiconductor chip that comprises described a plurality of lug electrodes;
Make described lug electrode outstanding, the upper surface of this lug electrode is covered in described diaphragm by the sealing film; And
Peel off described basement membrane and described diaphragm from the sealing film.
14, according to the method for the making semiconductor device of claim 13, wherein:
In each layer of sealing film, comprise the particle that is used to reduce thermal coefficient of expansion at least;
These layers of sealing film are different mutually on the volume ratio of the particle that is used to reduce thermal coefficient of expansion; And
The volume ratio that approaches the particle that being used in the layer of sealing film of semiconductor chip reduce thermal coefficient of expansion is greater than the volume ratio of particle that is used to reduce thermal coefficient of expansion away from the layer of the sealing film of semiconductor chip, and the characteristic of layer that approaches the sealing film of semiconductor chip approaches the characteristic of this semiconductor chip.
15, a kind of method of making semiconductor device, this semiconductor device comprises and is formed on the on-chip a plurality of lug electrodes of semiconductor, and at a plurality of layers the diaphragm seal that stacks mutually that comprises that forms on the part of this semiconductor chip between the adjacent ribs electrode, this method includes step:
Forming a bottom sealant on the part of this semiconductor chip between the adjacent ribs electrode, described lower encapsulant layer is to advance the thermal coefficient of expansion that thermal coefficient of expansion that a resin is used to make described lower encapsulant layer approaches semiconductor chip by the particulate dispersion that will be used for reducing thermal coefficient of expansion to be formed;
Shown in form an intermediate seal layer on the lower encapsulant layer, described intermediate seal layer is to advance thermal coefficient of expansion that a resin is used to make described intermediate seal layer by the particulate dispersion that will be used for reducing thermal coefficient of expansion to be formed less than the thermal coefficient of expansion of this resin and greater than the thermal coefficient of expansion of this lower encapsulant layer; And
On described intermediate seal layer, form a top seal layer of only forming by a resin.
16, according to the method for the making semiconductor device of claim 15, the wherein said particle that is used to reduce thermal coefficient of expansion is a silica dioxide granule.
17, a kind of method of making semiconductor device, this semiconductor device comprise and are formed on the on-chip a plurality of lug electrodes of semiconductor, and at a diaphragm seal that forms on the part of this semiconductor chip between the adjacent ribs electrode, this method includes step:
Forming a single resin molding on the part of this semiconductor chip between the adjacent ribs electrode, the particle that is used for reducing thermal coefficient of expansion on the same group is not dispersed in described resin molding, and described group particle is different mutually on particle diameter; And
Form described diaphragm seal by making this resin molding that is mixed with the particle that is used to reduce thermal coefficient of expansion have the thermal coefficient of expansion that reduces gradually to this semiconductor chip from this surface resin film.
18, according to the method for the making semiconductor device of claim 17, the wherein said particle that is used to reduce thermal coefficient of expansion is a silica dioxide granule.
19, a kind of method of making semiconductor device, this semiconductor device comprise and are formed on the on-chip a plurality of lug electrodes of semiconductor, and at a diaphragm seal that forms on the part of this semiconductor chip between the adjacent ribs electrode, this method includes step:
Forming a single resin molding on the part of this semiconductor chip between the adjacent ribs electrode, the particle that is used for reducing thermal coefficient of expansion on the same group is not dispersed in described resin molding, and described group particle is different mutually on particle diameter; And
Recently form described diaphragm seal by making this resin molding that is mixed with the particle that is used to reduce thermal coefficient of expansion have the volume that reduces the particle of thermal coefficient of expansion to this semiconductor chip being used to of increasing gradually from this surface resin film.
20, according to the method for the making semiconductor device of claim 19, the wherein said particle that is used to reduce thermal coefficient of expansion is a silica dioxide granule.
CNB001007556A 1999-02-03 2000-02-03 Semiconductor device and manufacture method Expired - Lifetime CN1246900C (en)

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