CN1242614A - Double electrode plate of proton exchange film fuel cell - Google Patents

Double electrode plate of proton exchange film fuel cell Download PDF

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Publication number
CN1242614A
CN1242614A CN98114178A CN98114178A CN1242614A CN 1242614 A CN1242614 A CN 1242614A CN 98114178 A CN98114178 A CN 98114178A CN 98114178 A CN98114178 A CN 98114178A CN 1242614 A CN1242614 A CN 1242614A
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China
Prior art keywords
strip
baffler
gas
bipolar plates
proton exchange
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CN98114178A
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CN1121075C (en
Inventor
衣宝廉
张恩浚
韩明
曲天锡
王德和
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SHANGHAI SUNRISE POWER CO Ltd
Sunrise Power Co Ltd
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Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics of CAS
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    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/30Hydrogen technology
    • Y02E60/50Fuel cells

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Abstract

It is made of three layers of thin metal plate, the isolating plate conducting electric current and of anti-permeation of gas and liquid is of mediated layer, the guiding flow plates with channel are of two outer layers. The characteristic is that channels in the plate are continuous from gas entrance to the exit, and the upper sections of channel are merged into lower section of channel to make the area of section of channel reduced step-by-step from the entrance to the exit, the total area of channel is 1/2-4/5 of whole working area. With the invention we can enhance the utilization ratio of reacting gas, accelerate mass transfer of pole surface thus increasing battery function. It is easy to be machined and has lower fabricating cost.

Description

The bipolar plates of Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells
The present invention relates to fuel cell technology, the bipolar plate structure of a proton exchanging film fuel battery is provided especially.
Fuel cell is the Blast Furnace Top Gas Recovery Turbine Unit (TRT) that a kind of chemical energy that will be stored in fuel and the oxidant is converted into electric energy.Its generation mode is the same with the conventional chemical power supply, electrode provides the place of electron transfer, the oxidizing process of anode-catalyzed fuel (as hydrogen etc.), the reduction process of cathode catalysis oxidant (as oxygen etc.), move in the electrolyte of conductive ion between cathode and anode, electronics is by the external circuit work done and constitute the loop of total electricity.In battery, chemical energy carries out to the conversion process isothermal ground of electric energy, promptly in fuel cell, can utilize the free energy of reaction under its operating temperature.But the working method of fuel cell is different with the chemical power source of routine again, and its fuel and oxidant are not to be stored in the battery, but are stored in the basin of outside batteries.When battery operated, continuously in battery, send into fuel and oxidant, discharge product simultaneously; And to discharge used heat, to keep the constant of battery operated temperature.Fuel cell itself only determines the size of power output, and the energy of storing is then determined by the reservoir capacity of fuel and oxidant.Naturally since the invention of material battery, people have developed pluralities of fuel batteries such as alkalescence, phosphatic type, proton exchange model, fused carbonate type and high-temperature solid oxide type.But the energy conversion efficiency of wherein high-specific-power room temperature starting, the quick proton exchange model fuel cell that starts has reached 50%, and it is many-sided preferred removable power supplys such as electric motor car, submarine, open-air battlefield.The external Comprehensive Assessment that various electrokinetic cells are carried out shows, can reach the Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells that has only of present internal-combustion engines vehicle level.The good just application prospect and the progress of dielectric film have promoted the development of Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells.Since this century the eighties, comprised that many developed countries such as the U.S., Canada, Japan all throw huge fund and develop this technology.At present, except that this technology is further developed, striven putting on market, still there are many technological difficulties to still need and further investigate, comprising the flow field structure of battery component bipolar plates, material, processing cost etc.This patent is head it off and an invention making.Many work this had been done abroad.Document [1] USP 5,300,370 Apr.5, the smooth plate that 1994 adopt thin slice to coincide forms is made bipolar plates and is constituted Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells.This flow-field plate is divided into three layers, and the centre is the electrical conduction current demarcation strip, and both sides are equipped with the baffler of 2 tracts of decorative pattern shape grooves respectively.These two kinds of plates are all made with graphite or graphite foil, and also available metal niobium, magnesium, copper and gold and platinum are made, and get its conductive characteristic.The electrical conduction current demarcation strip is the sheet plate of airtight liquid.The baffler of decorative pattern shape groove is to have the sheet plate that strip shape gob is made passage, has a passage between the import and export at least, and its passage can be communicated with, and is also disconnected.When not being communicated with, pass through between platen surface that reaction gas is separated by by passage and the slit between the electrocatalyst layers.The baffler of decorative pattern shape groove can be by punching press, mill or mold pressing is processed.Document [2] USP 4,826,741 May.2,1989 bipolar plate structure are complicated, and the thin plate of airtight with a slice earlier and conduction and hydrophilic and element saturating liquid compresses cooperates with gas distribution plate again.Insert three-in-one (EMA) electrode assemblie between two gas distribution plates.Gas distribution plate simultaneously is processed with groove towards electrode.These distribution plates are all made so that porous stone is black.Document [3] USP 5,382,478 Jan.17,1995 figures that provided show that this battery adopts the gas stream field plate that is similar to document [1], but its groove is continuous, and are the multichannel parallel connection.Above-mentioned document all exists a common problem still unresolved: i.e. gas passage air inlet place is the same with the place of giving vent to anger, make reaction gas in the electrode surface maldistribution, can't obtain making full use of of Catalytic Layer, and air inflow consumption gradually according to its length when electrode is worked, air velocity is different everywhere, especially tail gas place, gas obviously consumes, and passage still, makes gas transfer be in unfavoured state, and the processing charges height causes the battery cost to increase.
The object of the present invention is to provide the bipolar plate structure of a proton exchanging film fuel battery, it can improve the utilance of reaction gas, promotes the mass transfer of electrode surface, thereby improves battery performance, and handling ease, manufacturing expense are lower.
The invention provides the bipolar plates of a proton exchanging film fuel battery, constitute by three layers of metal sheet, the centre is the demarcation strip of the airtight liquid of electrical conduction current, both sides are equipped with the baffler of tape shape groove respectively, it is characterized in that: the strip-shaped grooves on the baffler is continuous by the gas access to gas vent; And by the utmost point and connecing, make the cross-sectional area of groove decay step by step to gas vent between the groove, i.e. series system also by the gas access; Strip-shaped grooves account for entire working surface long-pending 1/2~4/5.
In addition, demarcation strip and baffler best incorporated are one among the present invention.
Bipolar plates provided by the present invention can have following two kinds of concrete forms:
One, first group of 8 parallel connection of the strip-shaped grooves on the baffler, second group of 4 parallel connection, the 3rd group of 2 parallel connections are connected between three groups.
Two, first group of 4 parallel connection of the strip-shaped grooves on the baffler, second group of 2 parallel connection connected between two groups.
In a word, the present invention has following characteristics:
1. the present invention carries out the distribution of reaction gas with the also series system of gas passage on the flow-field plate of bipolar plates both sides, makes electrode surface all can obtain enough gas supplies everywhere.
Because and the enforcement of the air flue of connecting, make electrode everywhere air-flow all be in turbulence state, promoted the carrying out of electrode surface mass transfer, improved the performance of battery.
3. because the present invention has promoted making full use of of reaction gas, reduce exhaust emissions, saved the supply of reaction gas, improved the utilance of reaction gas.
4. also the design of the air flue of series connection makes the speed of gas in passage consistently, and the turbulent flow that continues has promoted the discharge of oxidant side water.
5. adopt line cutting or electric spark method processing flow-field plate passage, battery processing is produced in enormous quantities, manufacturing expense reduces.
By embodiment in detail the present invention is described in detail below in conjunction with accompanying drawing.
Accompanying drawing 1 is a bipolar plates cross section cut-away view.
Accompanying drawing 2 is the air flow field plate side structure schematic diagram of bipolar plates.
Accompanying drawing 3 is the hydrogen stream field plate side structure schematic diagram of bipolar plates.
Accompanying drawing 4 is the Oxygen Flow field plate side structure schematic diagram of bipolar plates.
Accompanying drawing 5 is the hydrogen stream field plate side structure schematic diagram of bipolar plates.
Accompanying drawing 6 is battery performance figure.
Embodiment 1
1. adopt three layers by 316 #The bipolar plates (as Fig. 1) of corrosion resistant plate preparation, work area is 135cm 2The breadth length ratio of work area is a golden section proportion 0.618, and middle one deck is the electrical conduction current demarcation strip 1 of bipolar plates, thick 0.3mm, both sides are respectively air and the hydrogen stream field plate 2,3 of 0.5mm, process gas stream field plate 1 with the line patterning method and are combined as a whole with demarcation strip and make bipolar plates.Air flow field plate side as shown in Figure 2,4 is air intlet, and 5 is air outlet slit, and 6 is hydrogen inlet, 7 is hydrogen outlet, strip-shaped grooves is wide to be 1mm, obstructs to be 0.4mm, does not show the width of groove and stalk among the figure, at air intlet 4 places is that 8 air duct parallel connections enter, to 1/2 place serial connection is 4 passages, is connected in series 2 passages to 3/4 place, up to air outlet slit 5 places.Fig. 3 is a hydrogen stream field plate side structure, and wherein 4 is air intlet, and 5 is air outlet slit, and 6 is hydrogen inlet, and 7 is hydrogen outlet, and the parallel connection place of entering, hydrogen inlet 6 places is 4 passages, and being connected in series to the middle part is 2 passage parallel connections, up to hydrogen outlet 7 places, is discharged by hydrogen outlet 7.
2. adopt Dupont 117 films, both sides add respectively puts the porous gas electrode, the Pt/C catalyst, and Pt load amount is 0.4mg/cm 2, assemble out 8 pairs of batteries.
3. during battery operation, inlet is located at the upper end.80 ℃ of temperature, H 2/ air pressure is respectively 0.35/0.4 MPa.H 2When/air exhaust emissions amount was stoichiometric 1.15 times/2 times, the inlet and outlet pressure difference was respectively 0.012/0.015MPa.Current density 400mA/cm 2, cell output voltage 6V, on average each monocell 0.75V.
Embodiment 2
1. adopt three layers of thin 1Cr18Ni9Ti stainless steel materials to prepare bipolar plates (referring to Fig. 1), work area is 135cm 2, breadth length ratio presses that 0.618, three layer of golden section proportion is integrally welded with brazing mode, and the intermediate layer is an electrical conduction current demarcation strip 1, and 0.5mm is thick, and two sides oxygen and hydrogen stream field plate 2,3 also are that 0.5mm is thick, with electric spark method processing strip passage.Groove width is 1.0mm, obstructs to be 0.35mm.The identical (see figure 5) of hydrogen flow field plate structure with Fig. 2, oxygen inlet 4, oxygen outlet 5, hydrogen inlet are 6, hydrogen outlet is 7.Different is that hydrogen inlet 6 is that 8 passage parallel connections enter, and is connected in series 4 passage parallel connections to 1/2 place, is connected in series 2 passages to 3/4 place and is connected in parallel to the exit, is portalled by hydrogen and 7 discharges.The Oxygen Flow field plate is shown in Fig. 4, and wherein 4 is oxygen inlet, and 5 is oxygen outlet, and oxygen inlet 4 places, 16 passage parallel connections enter, and 1/3 place is connected in series 8 passage parallel connections, and 2/3 place changes string by 4 passage parallel connections, and 1/6 place changes serial connection 2 passages and is attached to the exit, is discharged by outlet 5.
2.Dupont 117 film both sides are equipped with the Pt/C electrode, Pt load amount is 0.4mg/cm 2, assemble out 35 pairs of battery pack.
3. temperature is 80 ℃.H 2/ O 2Inlet pressure 0.35/0.4MPa, the inlet and outlet pressure difference is respectively 0.020/0.018MPa.H 2/ O 2The exhaust emissions amount is respectively stoichiometric 1.15 times/2 times.Battery performance is seen Fig. 7.

Claims (4)

1. the bipolar plates of a proton exchanging film fuel battery, constitute by three layers of metal sheet, the centre is the demarcation strip of the airtight liquid of electrical conduction current, and both sides are equipped with the baffler of tape shape groove respectively, it is characterized in that: the strip-shaped grooves on the baffler is continuous by the gas access to gas vent; And by the utmost point and connecing, make the cross-sectional area of groove decay step by step to gas vent between the groove by the gas access; Strip-shaped grooves account for entire working surface long-pending 1/2~4/5.
2. by the bipolar plates of claim 1,2 described Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cellss, it is characterized in that: first group of 8 parallel connection of the strip-shaped grooves on the baffler, second group of 4 parallel connection, the 3rd group of 2 parallel connections are connected between three groups.
3. by the bipolar plates of claim 1,2 described Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cellss, it is characterized in that: first group of 4 parallel connection of the strip-shaped grooves on the baffler, second group of 2 parallel connection connected between two groups.
4. by the bipolar plates of the described Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells of claim 1, it is characterized in that: demarcation strip and baffler are combined as a whole.
CN98114178A 1998-07-22 1998-07-22 Double electrode plate of proton exchange film fuel cell Expired - Lifetime CN1121075C (en)

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Cited By (16)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2006005196A2 (en) * 2004-07-09 2006-01-19 Hyteon Inc. Fuel cell with in-cell humidification
WO2006105715A1 (en) * 2005-04-05 2006-10-12 Byd Company Limited Flow-field plate and fuel cell stack using the same
WO2006111090A1 (en) * 2005-04-22 2006-10-26 Byd Company Limited Flow field plates for fuel cells
CN1300883C (en) * 2004-10-22 2007-02-14 浙江大学 Structure of flow field board for proton exchange film fuel cell
CN1302569C (en) * 2003-12-30 2007-02-28 中国科学院大连化学物理研究所 A novel middle-temperature solid oxide fuel cell bipolar plate and application thereof
CN1316664C (en) * 2002-11-15 2007-05-16 科鲁斯技术有限公司 Method for forming a separator plate for a fuel cell, and separator plate
CN1331260C (en) * 2003-09-26 2007-08-08 三星Sdi株式会社 Bipolar plate for a fuel cell
CN100334764C (en) * 2002-04-12 2007-08-29 日产自动车株式会社 Fuel cell
CN100392895C (en) * 2006-07-27 2008-06-04 上海交通大学 Combined integrated bipole plate for proton exchange membrane fuel battery
CN100399602C (en) * 2002-11-08 2008-07-02 尼拉国际股份公司 Electrode, a method for manufacturing an electrode and bipolar battery
CN100442582C (en) * 2005-04-12 2008-12-10 浙江大学 Structure of double-swallow-tail shape flow field plate for proton exchange membrane fuel cell
CN101689644B (en) * 2007-06-27 2012-07-25 丰田自动车株式会社 Fuel cell with voltage detection terminal
CN104716329A (en) * 2013-12-13 2015-06-17 中国科学院大连化学物理研究所 Solid polymer electrolyte water electrolysis cell bipolar plate and production method thereof
CN106935866A (en) * 2015-11-24 2017-07-07 大众汽车有限公司 Bipolar plates for fuel cell and the fuel cell unit with the bipolar plates
CN110380074A (en) * 2019-07-24 2019-10-25 中国华能集团清洁能源技术研究院有限公司 A kind of preparation method of the light-duty bipolar plates of molten carbonate fuel cell
CN111900429A (en) * 2020-07-24 2020-11-06 浙江泓林新能源科技有限公司 Metal bipolar plate of fuel cell and processing method thereof

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
TWI244798B (en) 2004-09-01 2005-12-01 Nan Ya Printed Circuit Board C Method of improving contact between bipolar plate and mea of flat panel fuel cell
CN100375323C (en) * 2004-09-14 2008-03-12 南亚电路板股份有限公司 Method for improving double pole plate and proton exchange film contact of flat plate type fuel battery

Cited By (20)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN100334764C (en) * 2002-04-12 2007-08-29 日产自动车株式会社 Fuel cell
CN100399602C (en) * 2002-11-08 2008-07-02 尼拉国际股份公司 Electrode, a method for manufacturing an electrode and bipolar battery
CN1316664C (en) * 2002-11-15 2007-05-16 科鲁斯技术有限公司 Method for forming a separator plate for a fuel cell, and separator plate
CN1331260C (en) * 2003-09-26 2007-08-08 三星Sdi株式会社 Bipolar plate for a fuel cell
CN1302569C (en) * 2003-12-30 2007-02-28 中国科学院大连化学物理研究所 A novel middle-temperature solid oxide fuel cell bipolar plate and application thereof
WO2006005196A3 (en) * 2004-07-09 2006-05-04 Hyteon Inc Fuel cell with in-cell humidification
WO2006005196A2 (en) * 2004-07-09 2006-01-19 Hyteon Inc. Fuel cell with in-cell humidification
CN1300883C (en) * 2004-10-22 2007-02-14 浙江大学 Structure of flow field board for proton exchange film fuel cell
US7846608B2 (en) 2005-04-05 2010-12-07 Byd Company Limited Flow-field plate and fuel cell stack using the same
WO2006105715A1 (en) * 2005-04-05 2006-10-12 Byd Company Limited Flow-field plate and fuel cell stack using the same
CN100442582C (en) * 2005-04-12 2008-12-10 浙江大学 Structure of double-swallow-tail shape flow field plate for proton exchange membrane fuel cell
WO2006111090A1 (en) * 2005-04-22 2006-10-26 Byd Company Limited Flow field plates for fuel cells
CN100392895C (en) * 2006-07-27 2008-06-04 上海交通大学 Combined integrated bipole plate for proton exchange membrane fuel battery
CN101689644B (en) * 2007-06-27 2012-07-25 丰田自动车株式会社 Fuel cell with voltage detection terminal
CN104716329A (en) * 2013-12-13 2015-06-17 中国科学院大连化学物理研究所 Solid polymer electrolyte water electrolysis cell bipolar plate and production method thereof
CN104716329B (en) * 2013-12-13 2018-08-24 中国科学院大连化学物理研究所 A kind of solid polymer electrolyte water electrolytic cell bipolar plates and preparation method thereof
CN106935866A (en) * 2015-11-24 2017-07-07 大众汽车有限公司 Bipolar plates for fuel cell and the fuel cell unit with the bipolar plates
CN110380074A (en) * 2019-07-24 2019-10-25 中国华能集团清洁能源技术研究院有限公司 A kind of preparation method of the light-duty bipolar plates of molten carbonate fuel cell
CN111900429A (en) * 2020-07-24 2020-11-06 浙江泓林新能源科技有限公司 Metal bipolar plate of fuel cell and processing method thereof
CN111900429B (en) * 2020-07-24 2021-11-05 浙江泓林新能源科技有限公司 Metal bipolar plate of fuel cell and processing method thereof

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