CN1240861C - Smelt process for producing rare earth calcium magnesium silicon iron alloy containing little magnesium oxide using ore furnace - Google Patents
Smelt process for producing rare earth calcium magnesium silicon iron alloy containing little magnesium oxide using ore furnace Download PDFInfo
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- CN1240861C CN1240861C CN 200310123644 CN200310123644A CN1240861C CN 1240861 C CN1240861 C CN 1240861C CN 200310123644 CN200310123644 CN 200310123644 CN 200310123644 A CN200310123644 A CN 200310123644A CN 1240861 C CN1240861 C CN 1240861C
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a smelting technique for producing rare earth Ca-Mg-Si-Fe alloy containing little MgO by an ore furnace. The raw material of silica, rare earth concentrate, coke and steel scrap are uniformly mixed according to a weight proportion. The mixture is continuously added to an ore furnace, and smelting is carried out under the control of secondary voltage and operation resistance which are set. As furnace charge sinks, CaO is mixed with the coke, and the mixture is subsequently added to the roots of electrodes. Liquid alloy flows into alloy packets through a tap hole after 1.5 to 2.5 hours of smelting. Metal Mg ingots are pressed into the alloy packets, and reaction is carried out under the protection of nitrogen. Rare earth Ca-Mg-Si-Fe alloy containing little MgO can be obtained after the reaction. The content of MgO in the alloy is lower than or equal to 0.5%. The rare earth Ca-Mg-Si-Fe alloy containing little MgO is produced by the present invention with a one-step method. The present invention has the characteristics of little equipment investment, small land occupation, short production periodicity, low comprehensive cost, etc. The rare earth Ca-Mg-Si-Fe alloy containing little MgO, which is produced by the technique, can effectively improve spheroidising effect and can improve the quality of nodular cast iron products.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to an alloy smelting process, and particularly relates to a smelting process for producing low-magnesium oxide rare earth calcium magnesium silicon iron alloy by using a one-step method in an ore-smelting furnace.
Background
The rare earth calcium magnesium silicon iron alloy is used as a nodulizer in the metallurgy and casting industries, and is one of important raw materials for producing nodular cast iron, vermicular cast iron and some special cast irons. During the production of cast products, a proper amount of rare earth calcium magnesium silicon iron alloy is added, so that the metallographic structure of the cast products can be changed, the toughness and the wear resistance are improved, and the comprehensive mechanical properties such as tensile property, compression resistance, bending resistance and the like are improved.
At present, the rare earth calcium magnesium silicon iron alloy is produced by a three-step method, namely, silicon series alloy such as silicon iron, silicon calcium, silicon barium and the like is produced by adopting an ore-smelting furnace, then the rare earth silicon iron alloy is produced by adopting an electric arc furnace, and then metal magnesium or other rare metals are added to the alloy to be remelted in a medium-frequency induction electric furnace. Because the process has the defects of multiple production procedures, high energy consumption, low utilization rate of magnesium, high content of magnesium oxide, unstable product quality, large equipment investment and the like, at present, researchers continuously explore new production processes to solve the problems. At present, the existing manufacturers produce rare earth ferrosilicon alloy in an electric arc furnace, and then press magnesium in an alloy bag outside the furnace to prepare the rare earth ferrosilicon magnesium alloy. The technology still needs ferrosilicon produced by the submerged arc furnace as a reducing agent for smelting rare earth in the electric arc furnace, improves the original production of the submerged arc furnace, the electric arc furnace and the medium-frequency induction furnace into the production of the submerged arc furnace and the electric arc furnace, has complicated smelting technological process, and can not solve the defects of producing the rare earth calcium magnesium ferrosilicon by adopting a three-step method.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention mainly solves the technical problem that intermediate alloy does not need to be used for proportioning and remelting in the smelting process, and provides a smelting process for producing low-magnesium oxide rare earth calcium magnesium silicon iron alloy by adopting a one-step method. One of the purposes is to accurately control the contents of effective elements and magnesium oxide and improve the utilization rate of magnesium; the second purpose is to reduce production equipment, simplify the process and reduce the pollution to the environment; the third purpose is to improve the product quality andreduce the production cost.
The invention carries out batching according to the chemical components needed by the product, and sets parameters such as secondary voltage, current, temperature and the like according to the capacity of the submerged arc furnace and the operating resistance of the product.
The smelting process of the low-magnesium oxide rare earth calcium magnesium silicon iron alloy by adopting the submerged arc furnace comprises the following steps:
mixing raw materials of silica 0.8-1.2t, rare earth concentrate 0.03-0.3t, coke 0.6-0.8t and steel scrap 0.4-0.6t, continuously adding into a submerged arc furnace, introducing current into the furnace through a self-baking electrode to melt furnace charge, and setting secondary voltage asThe operating resistance is controlled to be 3.2-4.5 m omega; after 10 to 15 minutes, 0.02 to 0.06t of calcium oxide and 0.01 to 0.05t of coke are mixed and added to the root of the electrode along with the sinking of the furnace burden, and after 1.5 to 2.5 hours of smelting, liquid alloy flows into an alloy bag through an iron outlet; pressing a magnesium metal ingot into an alloy bag, adding 50-80kg of magnesium metal into each ton of alloy, reacting the magnesium metal with the alloy in the bag under the protection of nitrogen, controlling the reaction temperature at 1250-.
If trace elements need to be added into the rare earth calcium magnesium silicon iron alloy, the trace elements are added into the ore-smelting furnace together with the raw materials according to the process requirements, and the adding amount of the trace elements is 0.01-0.03 t.
The rare earth concentrate is prepared into rare earth concentrate spheres, and the rare earth concentrate spheres are added into the submerged arc furnace together with other raw materials according to the weight ratio.
The ore furnace is adopted to directly smelt the rare earth calcium magnesium silicon iron alloy, and the reaction process is relatively complex. The reaction of FeSi is the same as that of ordinary ferrosilicon production, and the reduction reaction of RE and Ca is mainly carried out by the following method:
1. because REO and CaO are easy to form slag, the reduction difficulty is increased, and the invention avoids and reduces the generation of slag as much as possible by scientific matching and adding methods of raw materials entering the furnace, so that the slag-free reaction is realized after the smelting temperature is further increased.
2. Local multi-carbon operation is adopted, the generation of carbide is increased, the reduction route of alloy generation is changed by using the carbide, and the difficulty of alloy generation is reduced. The main reaction principle is as follows:
3. The increase of the content of iron filings in the raw materials can control the accretion at the bottom of the furnace, maintain the normal furnace condition and prolong the production period.
The method for improving the utilization rate of magnesium and reducing the content ofmagnesium oxide mainly adopts the following steps:
1. the temperature of the magnesium pressing alloy is controlled to ensure the components to be uniform and reduce the burning loss of magnesium, so that the metal magnesium and the alloy react fully, and the operation is safe and reliable.
2. The magnesium pressing is carried out under the condition that the content of the main component (Si 48-51%) of the alloy is well controlled, so that the burning loss and the splashing of the magnesium can be reduced, and the utilization rate of the magnesium is improved.
3. The nitrogen protection is adopted for magnesium pressing reaction, so that the generation of magnesium oxide can be effectively reduced.
The invention adopts a one-step method to produce the low-magnesium oxide rare earth calcium magnesium silicon iron alloy in the submerged arc furnace, and compared with the prior art, the invention has the characteristics of less equipment investment, small occupied area, short production period, low comprehensive cost and the like. Moreover, due to the reduction of production equipment and the simplification of the process, the pollution to the environment is greatly reduced. On the premise of ensuring the product quality, the manufacturing cost is reduced by 16-22% compared with the original similar products. During the production process, nitrogen is adopted to protect and press magnesium, so that the utilization rate of magnesium is improved, and the content of magnesium oxide is obviously reduced. The low-magnesium oxide rare earth calcium magnesium silicon iron alloy produced by the process can effectively improve the spheroidizing effect and improve the quality of nodular cast iron products.
Detailed Description
Example 1: mg6-1 low-magnesium oxide rare earth calcium magnesium silicon iron alloy is produced by adopting 3200KVA ore-smelting furnace.
The main components of the product are as follows: RE 0.9-1.1%, Ca1.0-1.2%, Mg6.0-6.2%, Si 44-48%, MgO less than or equal to 0.5%, Al less than or equal to 1.25%, and Fe in balance.
The smelting process comprises the following steps: uniformly mixing 1.1t of raw material silica, 0.024t of rare earth concentrate ball, 0.68t of coke and 0.55t of steel scrap according to the weight ratio, continuously adding the mixture into a submerged arc furnace, controlling the voltage to be 86-90V and the current to be 2455-500A, sinking the furnace charge after 10-15 minutes, mixing 0.03t of calcium oxide and 0.01t of coke, adding the mixture to the root of an electrode, smelting for 2 hours, allowing liquid alloy to flow into an alloy ladle through an iron outlet, and discharging the alloy for about 1.1-1.2 t; pressing 80kg of magnesium metal ingot into an alloy ladle, reacting magnesium metal with the alloy in the ladle under the protection of nitrogen, controlling the reaction temperature at 1250-.
Through inspection, all technical indexes meet the technical requirements of product quality.
Example 2: the Mg5.5-2-2 low magnesium oxide rare earth calcium magnesium silicon iron alloy is produced by adopting 3200KVA ore furnace.
The main components of the product are as follows: RE 1.9-2.1%, Ca1.9-2.1%, Mg5.3-5.7%, Si 44-48%, MgO less than or equal to 0.5%, Al less than or equal to 1.5%, and the balance of Fe.
The smelting process comprises the following steps: 1.1t of raw material silica, 0.12t of rare earth concentrate ball, 0.70t of coke and 0.53t of steel scrap are uniformly mixed according to the weight ratio, the mixture is continuously added into an ore-smelting furnace, the voltage is controlled to be 80-88V, the current is controlled to be 2455-25500A, the calcium oxide and the coke are mixed and then added to the root part of an electrode along with the sinking of furnace charge after 10-15 minutes, the liquid alloy flows into an alloy bag through an iron outlet after 2.5 hours of smelting, and the amount of discharged alloy is about 1.2-1.3 t; pressing 80kg of magnesium metal ingot into an alloy bag, reacting the magnesium metal with the alloy in the bag under the protection of nitrogen, controlling the reaction temperature at 1250-.
Through inspection, all technical indexes meet the technical requirements of product quality.
Example 3: the Mg6-1Ba low-magnesia rare earth calcium magnesium silicon iron alloy is produced by adopting a 3200KVA ore-smelting furnace.
The main components of the product are as follows: RE1.2-1.5 wt%, Ca0.8-1.1 wt%, Mg5.75-6.25 wt%, Si44-48 wt%, Ba0.4-0.6 wt%, MgO not more than 0.5 wt%, Al not more than 1.1 wt%, and Fe for the rest.
The smelting process comprises the following steps: 1.1t of raw material silica, 0.035t of rare earth concentrate ball, 0.69t of coke and 0.53t of steel scrap are uniformly mixed according to the weight ratio, the mixture is continuously added into an ore-smelting furnace, the voltage is controlled to be 86-88V, the current is controlled to be 2455-25500A, the mixture is added to the root of an electrode along with the sinking of furnace charge after 10-15 minutes, 0.03t of calcium oxide, 0.01t of barium sulfate and 0.03t of coke are mixed, and after 1.8 hours of smelting, liquid alloy flows into an alloy bag through an iron outlet, and the discharged alloy is about 1.0-1.1 t; pressing 68kg of magnesium metal ingot into an alloy ladle, reacting the magnesium metal with the alloy in the ladle under the protection of nitrogen, controlling the reaction temperature at 1250-.
Through inspection, all technical indexes meet the technical requirements of product quality.
The metallurgical reducing agent coke of the product adopts semicoke, and coal, lignin or metallurgical coke powder can be used as a reducing agent instead of semicoke in the production process.
30-60% of iron scale can be added into the raw steel scraps.
The smelting process is suitable for 2000-25000KVA ore smelting furnace, and can produce series of low-magnesium oxide rare earth calcium magnesium silicon iron alloy products through different proportions of raw materials and adjustment of smelting process parameters.
Claims (5)
1. A smelting process for producing low-magnesium oxide rare earth calcium magnesium silicon iron alloy by using an ore furnace is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
mixing raw materials of silica 0.8-1.2t, rare earth concentrate 0.03-0.3t, coke 0.6-0.8t and steel scrap 0.4-0.6t, continuously adding into a submerged arc furnace, introducing current into the furnace through a self-baking electrode to melt furnace charge, and setting secondary voltage asThe operating resistance is controlled to be 3.2-4.5 m omega; after 10 to 15 minutes, 0.02 to 0.06t of calcium oxide and 0.01 to 0.05t of coke are mixed and added to the root of the electrode along with the sinking of the furnace burden, and after 1.5 to 2.5 hours of smelting, liquid alloy flows into an alloy bag through an iron outlet; pressing a magnesium metal ingot into an alloy bag, adding 50-80kg of magnesium metal into each ton of alloy, reacting the magnesium metal with the alloy in the bag under the protection of nitrogen, controlling the reaction temperature at 1250-.
2. The process of claim 1, wherein the rare earth concentrate is prepared into rare earth concentrate pellets, which are added to the submerged arc furnace in a weight ratio with other raw materials.
3. The process of claim 1, wherein the coke is semi-coke.
4. The process of claim 3, wherein the semicoke is replaced by coal, lignin or metallurgical coke breeze.
5. A process for smelting low-magnesium oxide rare-earth Ca-Mg-Si-Fe alloy as claimed in claim 1, wherein 30-60% of iron scale is added to said steel scrap.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN 200310123644 CN1240861C (en) | 2003-12-16 | 2003-12-16 | Smelt process for producing rare earth calcium magnesium silicon iron alloy containing little magnesium oxide using ore furnace |
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| CN 200310123644 CN1240861C (en) | 2003-12-16 | 2003-12-16 | Smelt process for producing rare earth calcium magnesium silicon iron alloy containing little magnesium oxide using ore furnace |
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| CN1546693A CN1546693A (en) | 2004-11-17 |
| CN1240861C true CN1240861C (en) | 2006-02-08 |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN101509084B (en) * | 2009-03-25 | 2011-02-02 | 刘年路 | Method for producing nodulizing agent |
| CN107760869A (en) * | 2017-10-27 | 2018-03-06 | 安吉绿金金属材料有限公司 | A kind of preparation method of rare earth ferrosilicon alloy |
| CN116121582A (en) * | 2023-02-17 | 2023-05-16 | 中冶东方工程技术有限公司 | Method for producing silicon alloy material by smelting in submerged arc furnace |
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