CN1045477C - Method for direct production of Si-Al-Ba-Ca-Fe alloy from ore - Google Patents
Method for direct production of Si-Al-Ba-Ca-Fe alloy from ore Download PDFInfo
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- CN1045477C CN1045477C CN96103293A CN96103293A CN1045477C CN 1045477 C CN1045477 C CN 1045477C CN 96103293 A CN96103293 A CN 96103293A CN 96103293 A CN96103293 A CN 96103293A CN 1045477 C CN1045477 C CN 1045477C
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Abstract
The present invention discloses a method for directly producing a Si-Al-Ba-Ca-Fe alloy (deoxidizer, desulfurizer and denaturant for steel making) by using ores, which comprises the steps: using alumyte, quartz sand, clay, barite, coal and paper pulp as raw materials; mixing the raw materials for pelletizing and drying; smelting the obtained granules in an ore heating furnace at low voltage of 48 to 52V and heavy current to obtain the Si-Al-Ba-Ca-Fe alloy which contains the components of 30+/-2% of Al, 20+/-2% of Si, 5+/-1% of Ba, 1+/-0.2% of Ca, and balance of Fe. The method has simple processes, and the produced alloy has stable components. The production cost of the method can be lowered by 35% in compare with a two-step method of the prior art, the equipment investment is reduced by nearly one half, and the labor input is reduced by nearly two fifths.
Description
The invention relates to a method for producing silicon-aluminum-barium-calcium-iron alloy used as a steelmaking deoxidizer, a desulfurizer and a denaturant.
Si-Al-Ba-Ca-Fe alloy has been widely used as deoxidant, desulfurizing agent and denaturant in steel-smelting. However, the production of Si-Al-Ba-Ca-Fe alloy still adopts a two-step method at present, namely, firstly, the Si-Ba-Fe alloy is produced in an industrial and mining furnace by using ores, and secondly, the Si-Ba-Fe alloy and pure aluminum are smelted by using a medium-frequency induction furnace to obtain a finished product. The two-step production process has the defects of high energy consumption, complex process, high cost, unstable product components and the like.
The invention aims to provide a method for directly producing silicon-aluminum-barium-calcium-iron alloy by using ores.
The purpose of the invention is realized as follows:
a) the following raw materials are adopted:
bauxite: it is required to contain Al2O340-60％,SiO220-30％,RO＜1％,FeO≤2％，TiO2Less than or equal to 1 percent and the granularity less than or equal to 2 mm;
quartz sand: require SiO-containing298.9 percent and the granularity of 0.25 to 1.5 mm;
clay: it is required to contain Al2O340-60％,SiO240-50% and 0.25-1mm of granularity;
coal: the fixed carbon is required to be more than or equal to 80 percent, and the granularity is 0.2-2 mm;
barite: required to contain BaSO4More than or equal to 80 percent and the granularity is 0.25-1 mm;
pulp: SiO 22≥40％；
b) The pellet is prepared from the following ingredients in parts by weight:
bauxite: 100 parts of quartz sand 12-20 parts of clay: 25-30 parts of coal: 50 partsof barite: 13 parts, pulp: 5-10 parts;
c) the pelletizing method comprises the following steps: mixing → pressing ball → drying;
d) preparing steel scrap furnace burden according to 40% of the bauxite usage amount during pelletizing;
e) controlling the smelting process in the ore smelting furnace according to the following tapping component requirements: 30 plus or minus 2 percent of Al, 20 plus or minus 2 percent of Si, 5 plus or minus 1 percent of Ba, 1 plus or minus 0.2 percent of Ca and the balance of Fe;
f) the power distribution during smelting adopts 48-52V voltage;
g) smelting operation: firstly smelting 2 to 3 furnaces 45 according to a conventional method#Ferrosilicon to ensure that the furnace condition is normal; then, the pellets produced in the step c) are used for gradually and completely replacing the original raw materials for producing the ferrosilicon by using 30 percent of the whole furnace burden, the steel scraps are added according to a conventional method, and the whole material changing process is finished within 24 hours; entering a normal smelting processAnd then, adjusting the formula of the pellets according to the components of the cast iron alloy so that the smelted iron alloy meets the component requirements given in the step e).
The object of the invention can also be achieved in the following manner: when the ball is manufactured according to the step c), firstly, bauxite, quartz sand, barite and coal are mixed for 20 to 30 minutes under the dry condition until the mixture is uniform, and then, clay, paper pulp and a proper amount of water are added for mixing for 20 minutes; pressing the mixture into pellets twice in a briquette machine, wherein the strength of the pellets is required: the free falling breakage rate from 1 meter height is less than 5 percent; finally, the pellets are dried for 14 to 16 hours at 250 ℃.
Compared with the prior two-step production technology, the invention has the following advantages and positive effects: 1) simple process and stable product components. Because the two smelting processes are combined into one, the process steps are reduced, the component control is relatively easy (the factors influencing the component instability are reduced, the smelting process is shortened), and the components of the finally obtained product are stable. 2) Low energy consumption and low cost. Because the secondary smelting is needed by using the two-step method, the power consumption is high, and the energy consumption is needed by adding the finished product aluminum ingot, so the energy consumption is very high. The energy consumption is greatly reduced by adopting the invention to smelt the finished product once, and according to the measurement and calculation, 1 ton of silicon-aluminum-barium-calcium-iron alloy produced by adopting the invention can save 1 ten thousand kilowatt hours compared with the prior art two-step method. Calculated according to the annual steel production of 9 million tons in China, 1 kilogram of silicon-aluminum-barium-calcium-iron alloy is used for producing 1 ton of steel, the annual dosage is 9 million tons, 9 hundred million kilowatt hours can be saved annually, and the economic benefit is considerable. According to the comprehensive cost accounting, the cost of producing 1 ton of silicon-aluminum-barium-calcium-iron alloy by adopting the two-step method is 9300 yuan, while the cost of producing 1 ton of silicon-aluminum-barium-calcium-iron alloy by adopting the method is only 6000 yuan, and 3300 yuan can be saved per ton. Namely, the production cost can be reduced by 35 percent, the equipment investment is reduced by nearly one half, and the labor investment is reduced by two fifths.
The present invention will be described in detail with reference to the following examples:
the theoretical basis for the reduction of ores (metal oxides, MO for short) to metals (M) with carbon.
On a relation graph of standard free enthalpy change of oxide formation reaction and temperature (abbreviated as delta G-t graph), the intersection point of a C-CO straight line and an M-MO straight line is the starting temperature of the Metal Oxide (MO) reduced by carbon, and the slope of the M-MO straight line and the slope of the C-CO straight lineThe rates are of opposite sign so that the two lines always intersect. That is, as the temperature increases, the affinity of all metals for oxygen becomes smaller and smaller, and the affinity of carbon for oxygen becomes larger and larger. Above a certain temperature, carbon has a greater affinity for oxygen than does metal, and carbon can in principle reduce any metal oxide. Such as Al-Al2O3The straight line is crossed with the C-CO straight line at 2000 ℃, namely the carbon can reduce Al at the temperature of more than 2000 DEG C2O3Thereby producing aluminum metal. The reaction formula is as follows:
In addition, the inventor finds that the following physicochemical reaction exists in the molten iron, and the reaction equation is as follows:
(II) selecting and proportioning raw materials
At present, the national standard of silicon-aluminum-barium-calcium-iron alloy does not exist, the standard is published in the published data of 55 steel works in the nation which attend the conference by the department of science and technology in the 7 month meeting of the national steel-making continuous casting in 1990, and the standard is identified by the department of metallurgy in the grade, and the silicon-aluminum-barium-calcium-iron alloy comprises the following components: 20 plus or minus 2 percent of Si, 30 plus or minus 2 percent of Al, 5 plus or minus 1 percent of Ba, 1 plus or minus 0.2 percent of Ca and the balance of Fe, or according to the formula required by a user.
According to the component standards, the raw material components and the granularity are required to be as follows:
bauxite: containing Al2O340-60％,SiO220--30％,RO＜1％,FeO≤2％,TiO2Not more than 1%, a particle size not more than 2mm, ROThe basic oxide comprises Na2O、K2O；
Quartz sand: containing SiO298.9 percent and the granularity of 0.25 to 1.5 mm;
clay: containing Al2O340--60％,SiO240-50% and 0.25-1mm particle size;
coal: the fixed carbon is more than or equal to 80 percent, and the granularity is 0.2-2 mm;
barite: containing BaSO4More than or equal to 80 percent and the granularity is 0.25-1 mm;
pulp: SiO 22≥40％
For example, the actual components of the selected bauxite after the test are as follows: containing Al2O356.80％。SiO226.60％FeO 1.86％,TiO2And no assay for RO. The actual component of the quartz sand is SiO-containing298.9 percent; the clay comprises the following actual components in an assay: al (Al)2O354.5％,SiO245 percent; the actual content of coal fixed carbon is 84.2%; barite actually contains BaSO484% of actual composition SiO of pulp240 percent. The formula of the pellets is calculated by the ingredients (based on 100kg of bauxite in each batch).
100kg of bauxite, 25-30 kg of clay, 12-20 kg of quartz sand, 50kg of coal, 13kg of barite and 10kg of paper pulp; 40kg of steel scraps are added.
Due to the fluctuation of the components of various raw materials, the accurate registration of the materials cannot be realized according to one or two tests, and finished products are required to be refined and adjusted after the components are tested to reach the standard specification.
(III) pelletizing process
1. The raw materials are crushed in a crusher according to the requirement of granularity, sieved and stored respectively, and kept clean and dry.
2. Mixing materials: the bauxite, the quartz sand, the barite and the coal are mixed in a mixer for 20 minutes under the condition of drying, if the bauxite, the quartz sand, the barite and the coal are not uniform, the mixture can be mixed for 10 minutes again, then the mixture enters a second mixer, the clay, the paper pulp and a proper amount of water are added and mixed for 20 minutes again, then the mixture is subjected to secondary ball pressing in a briquette machine, namely the mixture is pressed out after the first ball pressing and then returned to the briquette machine for secondary ball pressing. The strength requirement of the pellet is as follows: the free falling breakage rate from 1m height is less than 5%.
3. Drying: the drying is carried out in a drying furnace at 250 ℃ for 14-16 hours, the moisture in the ball after drying is less than 1 percent, and the drying temperature is not more than 250 ℃ so as to prevent the ball from being oxidized.
(IV) smelting process operation
1. In a hot ore furnace, smelting 45#And (3) smelting ferrosilicon in 2-3 furnaces, adding the pellets according to 30 percent of the whole furnace charge after the furnace condition is normal, adding the pellets according to 50 percent and 80 percent of the whole furnace charge till 100 percent after the furnace condition is normal, finishing the whole material changing process within 24 hours, and adjusting the pellet formula according to tapping components after the normal smelting process of the silicon-aluminum-barium-calcium-iron alloy is shifted to so that the tapped iron finally reaches the standard specification of the silicon-aluminum-barium-calcium-iron alloy.
2. Power distribution requirement, secondary voltage: 48-52V, and operates at maximum current.
3. And in the smelting process, the operation without power failure is carried out, the high furnace temperature is kept through high material level and deep arc, and the molten iron is taken out frequently.
Claims (2)
1. A method for producing Si-Al-Ba-Ca-Fe alloy directly by using ore for steelmaking deoxidizer, desulfurizer and denaturant is characterized in that:
a) the following raw materials are adopted:
bauxite: it is required to contain Al2O340-60％,SiO220--30％,RO＜1％,FeO≤2％,TiO2Less than or equal to 1 percent and the granularity less than or equal to 2 mm;
quartz sand: require SiO-containing298.9 percent and the granularity of 0.25 to 1.5 mm;
clay: it is required to contain Al2O340--60％,SiO240-50, granularity 0.25-1 mm;
coal: the fixed carbon is required to be more than or equal to 80 percent, and the granularity is 0.2-2 mm;
barite: required to contain BaSO4More than or equal to 80 percent and the granularity is 0.25-1 mm;
pulp: SiO 22≥40％；
b) The pellet is prepared from the following ingredients in parts by weight:
bauxite: 100 parts of quartz sand 12-20 parts of clay: 25-30 parts of coal: 50 parts of barite: 13 parts, pulp: 5-10 parts;
c) the pelletizing method comprises the following steps: mixing → pressing ball → drying;
d) preparing steel scrap furnace burden according to 40% of the bauxite usage amount during pelletizing;
e) controlling the smelting process in the ore smelting furnace according to the following tapping component requirements: 30 plus or minus 2 percent of Al, 20 plus or minus 2 percent of Si, 5 plus or minus 1 percent of Ba, 1 plus or minus 0.2 percent of Ca and the balance of Fe;
f) during smelting, the power distribution adopts 48-52V voltage;
g) smelting operation: firstly smelting 2 to 3 furnaces 45 according to a conventional method#Ferrosilicon to ensure that the furnace condition is normal; then, the pellets produced in the step c) are used for gradually and completely replacing the original raw materials for producing the ferrosilicon by 30 percent of the total charging material, the steel scraps are added according to a conventional method, and the whole material changing process is finished in 24 hours; after entering the normal smelting process, the formula of the pellets is adjusted according to the components of the iron alloy, so that the smelted iron alloy meets the component requirements given in the step e).
2. The method for producing Si-Al-Ba-Ca-Fe alloy directly from ore according to claim 1, wherein: when the ball is manufactured according to the step c), firstly, bauxite, quartz sand, barite and coal are mixed for 20 to 30 minutes under the dry condition until the mixture is uniform, and then, clay, paper pulp and a proper amount of water are added for mixing for 20 minutes; pressing the mixture into pellets twice in a briquette machine, wherein the strength of the pellets is required: the free falling breakage rate from 1 meter height is less than 5 percent; finally, the pellets are dried for 14 to 16 hours at 250 ℃.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN96103293A CN1045477C (en) | 1996-03-18 | 1996-03-18 | Method for direct production of Si-Al-Ba-Ca-Fe alloy from ore |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN96103293A CN1045477C (en) | 1996-03-18 | 1996-03-18 | Method for direct production of Si-Al-Ba-Ca-Fe alloy from ore |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN1160085A CN1160085A (en) | 1997-09-24 |
| CN1045477C true CN1045477C (en) | 1999-10-06 |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN1312312C (en) * | 2005-08-23 | 2007-04-25 | 谢廷声 | Vanadium-silicon-barium-ferrum composite alloy used as webbite and its production method |
| CN101775493B (en) * | 2010-01-08 | 2012-07-04 | 甘肃紫鑫矿业煤化工有限公司 | Method for preparing silicon-barium-aluminum-calcium-titanium multicomponent alloy by directly reducing andalusite raw ore as material |
| CN104946849B (en) * | 2014-03-26 | 2017-05-24 | 长沙理工大学 | Multielement aluminum-iron alloy deoxidizer and preparation method thereof |
Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1048067A (en) * | 1990-07-07 | 1990-12-26 | 湖北省十堰市铁合金厂 | Barium-silicon-iron alloy production process |
| CN1118017A (en) * | 1994-08-31 | 1996-03-06 | 首钢总公司 | Silicon-aluminium-barium alloy for steel-making and producing method thereof |
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Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1048067A (en) * | 1990-07-07 | 1990-12-26 | 湖北省十堰市铁合金厂 | Barium-silicon-iron alloy production process |
| CN1118017A (en) * | 1994-08-31 | 1996-03-06 | 首钢总公司 | Silicon-aluminium-barium alloy for steel-making and producing method thereof |
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