CN1239072C - Automatic drip irrigation flow rate control switch - Google Patents
Automatic drip irrigation flow rate control switch Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN1239072C CN1239072C CNB031333494A CN03133349A CN1239072C CN 1239072 C CN1239072 C CN 1239072C CN B031333494 A CNB031333494 A CN B031333494A CN 03133349 A CN03133349 A CN 03133349A CN 1239072 C CN1239072 C CN 1239072C
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- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- drip irrigation
- absorbent material
- water pipe
- porous shell
- water
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Fee Related
Links
- 230000002262 irrigation Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 36
- 238000003973 irrigation Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 36
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 83
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 48
- 230000002745 absorbent Effects 0.000 claims description 38
- 239000002250 absorbent Substances 0.000 claims description 38
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000004927 clay Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000011449 brick Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920001971 elastomer Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000004372 Polyvinyl alcohol Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920002125 Sokalan® Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000007799 cork Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000839 emulsion Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000006260 foam Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920002401 polyacrylamide Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004584 polyacrylic acid Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004926 polymethyl methacrylate Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920002451 polyvinyl alcohol Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920002379 silicone rubber Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920003229 poly(methyl methacrylate) Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004945 silicone rubber Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 abstract description 34
- 230000004044 response Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000003044 adaptive effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000002441 reversible effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000006870 function Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000002706 hydrostatic effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000003621 irrigation water Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 3
- RRHGJUQNOFWUDK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Isoprene Chemical compound CC(=C)C=C RRHGJUQNOFWUDK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000008602 contraction Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229920001195 polyisoprene Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 3
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005213 imbibition Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000008961 swelling Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229920005479 Lucite® Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 241001465754 Metazoa Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000009298 Trigla lyra Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000011358 absorbing material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000006978 adaptation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010382 chemical cross-linking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000018044 dehydration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006297 dehydration reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008447 perception Effects 0.000 description 1
- -1 polypropylene acrylamide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000035945 sensitivity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000008400 supply water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009736 wetting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/10—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture
- Y02A40/22—Improving land use; Improving water use or availability; Controlling erosion
Landscapes
- Drying Of Solid Materials (AREA)
- Cultivation Of Plants (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention relates to an automatic control switch device, particularly to a switch which automatically controls drip irrigation flow according to soil moisture. The present invention is composed of a porous shell (1), water absorption materials (5), an elastic water pipe (3) and a position limiting piston (2), wherein one end of the porous shell (1) is provided with a hole, the water absorption materials (5) are filled in the porous shell (1), and the elastic water pipe (3) is bent into a U-shaped structure of which the bottom is provided with a pressed deformation end which is in contact with the water absorption materials (5). The water inlet end and the water outlet end of the elastic water pipe (3) penetrate through the position limiting piston (2) and are tightly matched with the position limiting piston (2) which is tightly matched with the porous shell (1). The present invention has an adaptive dynamic regulation function for the drip irrigation flow, and electric power is not needed to maintain system operation. The present invention has the advantages of quick response speed, small size and low and cheap price, and is suitable for plant water saving irrigation, crop cultivation, fluid control, desert treatment, etc. in electric power resource lacking districts.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the automatic control switch device, be specially a kind of switch that can control automatically the drip irrigation flow according to soil moisture.
Background technology
Crop irrigation mode commonly used has three kinds: manual watering, irrigation canals and ditches gravity irrigation, sprinkling irrigation, all there is the water resource waste important disadvantages, and most of water all goes down along soil gap seepage, and what absorbed by crop root only is seldom a part.Especially under the situation of China's water resource growing tension, save irrigation water, to promote the high-tech agricultural significant.Drip irrigation technique is only crop root partly slowly to be supplied water, and the soil between crop still keeps dry state; It can hang down using water wisely to greatest extent, and water utilization rate can be up to more than 85%～95%.Yet drip irrigation system adopts devices such as humidity sensor, microcomputer control, solenoid-driven usually, and complex apparatus and expensive price have greatly limited it and applied.
Chinese invention patent (application number 86207335, publication number CN86207335U, open day on November 7th, 1987) a kind of Drip irrigation valve controlled by soil moisture is disclosed, form by soil negative pressure receptor and elastic film control stream unit, this control stream unit is activated by the negative pressure in the soil negative pressure receptor, control irrigation water supply passage; Chinese invention patent (the patent No. 88209217.0, notification number CN2036345U, April 26 1989 day for announcing) disclose a kind of automatic dripping irrigation water dropper, be made up of soil negative pressure pipe and elastic film control tester valve, the switch of this flow control valve and opening degree are controlled by soil negative pressure pipe internal pressure; The soil negative pressure receptor that above-mentioned two patents adopt porous ceramics to make, complex structure, inconvenient operation.
Chinese invention patent (the patent No. 89212164.5, notification number CN2047479U, November 15 1989 day for announcing) disclose a kind of from the animals and plants drip irrigation emitter, include container, flexible pipe, valve and can conveniently insert outside the dropper of soil, also have and be used to enlarge the current divider of drip irrigation face and can promptly do wet degree according to the growth needs of plant and control the sensor that dropper opens and closes automatically by soil; Chinese invention patent (the patent No. 91231990.9, Granted publication CN2127242Y, February 24 1993 day for announcing) disclosing a kind of humidity controls drip irrigation equipment automatically, connect to form by a cylinder stent and a cuboid aqueduct, a wooden expanding block is arranged in the support, sphere valve and spring are arranged in the aqueduct, there is barrier film to be separated by between support and the aqueduct, utilize wood materials to meet hygral expansion and dry principle of shrinking, make valve closing or unlatching, thereby water flows in the control piper; Above-mentioned two patents all adopt wooden expanding block to drive material as sensing, and its coefficient of expansion only is 2%, and expansion drying shrinkage speed is slow, is easy to generate plastic deformation, causes the size instability.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to propose a kind of drip irrigation flow automatic control switch of not consumed power, can automatically control the crops water consumption according to the humidity of soil, by less power or change in displacement, reach stagnant water effect, have humidity sensitive, the sealing fast characteristics of response that discharge water.
Technical scheme of the present invention is:
A kind of drip irrigation flow automatic control switch, constitute by porous shell, absorbent material, elasticity water pipe, spacing piston, in the porous shell of one end opening absorbent material is housed, the elasticity water pipe bends to U type structure, U type structural base is the compressive deformation end, contact with absorbent material, the elasticity water pipe passes spacing piston and closely cooperates with it into and out of water end (W.E.), and spacing piston and porous shell closely cooperate.
Be equipped with spacing top board between described absorbent material and the elasticity water pipe contact-making surface.
Described spacing top board each side is provided with a postive stop baffle.
Described spacing top board is poly (methyl methacrylate) plate or plastic plate, and is bonding with absorbent material.
Described porous shell is the stiff case that potter's clay, brick or plastics are made.
Described spacing piston is foam plugs, rubber stopper or cork.
Described spacing piston is plugged in porous shell or is threaded with porous shell.
Described elasticity water pipe is silicone rubber tube or emulsion tube.
Described absorbent material is the polymer water absorbent material.
Described polymer water absorbent material is one of polyacrylamide, polyvinyl alcohol, a polyacrylic acid or derivatives thereof.
Principle of the present invention is to utilize the reversible expansion shrinkage character of water sucting superpolymer material volume when different moisture content, come the variation of perception soil moisture content, and control the size and Orientation of the bulbs of pressure of material, and the deformation extent of control elasticity water pipe and reach automatic control to the drip irrigation flow by structural design.When moisture in the soil was sufficient, the absorbent material extruding water pipe distortion of expanding because the long-pending minimizing of pipe section, had been stopped up the path of current and has been played the purpose of sealing.When the absorption of water evaporates and crop caused soil moisture not enough, corresponding volume contraction can take place again in this absorbent material, because the pressure of constraint water pipe reduces, current can flow out in time to supply water to crop.The behavior of material in varying environment is reversible, so this gauge tap can be regulated the drip irrigation water yield dynamically according to soil moisture.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows:
1, the present invention adopts the polymer water absorbent material as the sensing element of soil moisture and the driving element of flow-control, it has suction rapid expanding, dry reciprocal characteristics of shrinking, and utilizes the reversible expansion of absorbent material volume when different moisture content to shrink the flow in the elasticity water pipe is controlled.When soil moisture is sufficient, material suction and volumetric expansion in seconds 40%～60%, the bulbs of pressure that expansion process produces can be oppressed the distortion of elasticity water pipe and be stopped current; When antecedent soil moisture, this material has the characteristic that fast dewatering shrinks again, and under hydrostatic pressing and the effect of water pipe elastic restoring force, the water in the pipe takes place to flow and begin soil water supply, thereby reaches the purpose of controlling the drip irrigation flow according to soil moisture automatically.
2, the present invention can automatically adjust to the drip irrigation flow according to the soil moisture variation, electrification is not as the energy, utilize absorbent material reversible variation of volume when different moisture content to realize humidity sensor, drive the function of controlling, the water pipe of its water system is an elastic rubber pipe, in device, form the structure of crimp, deformation extent and shape can be regulated within the specific limits, and the crimp structural design by the elasticity water pipe makes this device have that response is fast, control obvious results characteristics.The top of compressing strain water pipe when absorbent material expands, the different parts bend by pressure degree of utilizing water pipe is different and reach the purpose of quick sealing, the response time of switch control can be regulated and be controlled within 1 minute to 24 hours, therefore prime advantage of the present invention is to have the function of the drip irrigation flow being carried out the self adaptation dynamic adjustments, does not need electric power to keep the running of system; And response speed is fast, volume is little, cheap, can use in water resource, electric power resource area more in short supply.
3, the present invention is with the porous water-absorbing material (as potter's clay, brick etc.) of the rigidity shell as device, owing to contain many micropores, the moisture in the soil is in-out apparatus freely; In addition, when can stopping the soil Volume Changes on the one hand, the shell of rigidity, keeps the globality of structure to the squeezing action of device; Limit absorbent material outside swelling when imbibition on the other hand, produce inside pressure when forcing absorbent material to expand.
4, the present invention is applied widely, goes for carrying out in water resource, area that electric power resource is more in short supply plant water-saving irrigation, crop genetics, fluid control and control of desert etc.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is a structural representation of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is drip irrigation flow and time-varying relationship curve map.
Embodiment
Structural representation of the present invention as shown in Figure 1.This device is made of porous shell 1, absorbent material 5, spacing top board 4, elasticity water pipe 3, spacing piston 2, in the porous shell 1 of one end opening absorbent material 5 is housed, absorbent material 5 tops are provided with spacing top board 4, elasticity water pipe 3 bends to U type structure, U type structural base is the compressive deformation end, contact with spacing top board 4, the passing spacing piston 2 and closely cooperate of elasticity water pipe 3 with it into and out of water end (W.E.), spacing piston 2 closely cooperates with porous shell 1, after the compressive deformation end stands the pressure of spacing top board 4, be triangle as shown in Figure 1.Arrow A is a water inlet, and B is the water side.Porous shell 1 is the stiff case that potter's clay is made among the figure, owing to contain many micropores, the moisture in the soil is in-out apparatus freely; The shell of rigidity to the squeezing action of device, keeps the globality of structure when can stop the soil Volume Changes on the one hand in addition; Limit absorbent material 5 outside swelling when imbibition on the other hand, produce inside pressure when forcing absorbent material to expand.Spacing piston 2 is spacing pistons that foam is made among the figure, be plugged in porous shell 1, be used for fixing water inlet pipe and outlet pipe on the one hand to keep specific crimp structure, spacing on the other hand piston 2 and outer rigid housing 1 can very closely cooperate and can relatively regulate mobilely, control what and speed of water supply in order to regulate pressurized water pipe deformation extent; Elasticity water pipe 3 is elastomeric silicon rubber water pipe among the figure, it can produce very big distortion and fatigue can not take place and produce permanent deformation, the elastic caoutchouc water pipe is bent to as shown in the figure compressive deformation structure, control the degree of water pipe distortion by the position of suitably adjusting spacing piston 2, can under small pressure and change in displacement, realize sensitivity control to the water yield.When environmental drying, absorbent material 5 shrinks, and the elastic-restoring force of sebific duct and hydrostatic pressure can make the water pipe of distortion be returned to original form and make the water route unimpeded again; Spacing top board 4 is spacing top boards that lucite is made among the figure, bonds together with absorbent material 5, and its function is concentrated the acting on the elastic caoutchouc water pipe of the large tracts of land bulbs of pressure that absorbent material 5 expansions are produced, to improve the actuating pressure to water pipe; On the top of spacing top board 4 postive stop baffle 41 being arranged each side, is in order to keep water pipe 3 and absorbent material 5 to be in plumbness all the time, to prevent run-off the straight and eccentric unstability when the water pipe compressive deformation; Absorbent material 5 is the polymer water absorbent material among the figure, described polymer water absorbent material is one of polyacrylamide, polyvinyl alcohol, a polyacrylic acid or derivatives thereof, present embodiment adopts the porous polypropylene acrylamide gel, and it is prepared as prior art, uses pore former as (CaCO
3) mix with above-mentioned gel monomer, the method formation gelinite by chemical crosslinking passes through solvent (example hydrochloric acid) again and soaks, and pore former is separated out, and forms the gel of loose structure, and it has the reciprocal characteristics of suction rapid expanding, drying contraction.
Make water inlet pipe connect water source (hydrostatic pressing is 1m), the position of regulating spacing piston 2 under drying regime makes the drip irrigation flow-control at 30～40 droplets/minute (about 4mL/min), and device is imbedded in the sandy soil, and the water of outlet pipe flows in the soil.Increase along with soil moisture, portion of water will enter in the device by the hole of rigidity potter's clay shell 1, volumetric expansion fast takes place in absorbent material 5, owing to be subjected to the restriction of shell sizes, absorbent material can only be to the inner expansion of device, thereby produce distortion by spacing top board 4 compressing elastic caoutchouc water pipes 3, block current automatically, drip irrigation stops.When antecedent soil moisture, the device in moisture by hole to external diffusion, reversible volume contraction takes place again in absorbent material 5, because acting on the pressure of water pipe reduces, be returned to original shape at the restoring force of elasticity water pipe and the effect downcomer of hydrostatic pressing, the water route is continued unimpeded, begins to enter the drip irrigation state.
The experimental data that Fig. 2 places into the soil and then under the different humidity condition flow controlled automatically for device, wherein when the drip irrigation flow is 0 droplet/minute, for quickening dehydration, air-dry wetting soil, up to the drip irrigation flow be 30-40 drip/minute the time stop air-dryly, can see that this device has according to soil moisture and change and the drip irrigation flow is carried out automatic control function.
Spacing top board 4 of the present invention can be plastic plate; The stiff case that described porous shell 1 can be made for brick or plastics; Described spacing piston 2 can be rubber stopper or cork; Described spacing piston 2 can with porous shell 1 by being threaded; Described elasticity water pipe 3 can be emulsion tube.
Claims (6)
1, a kind of drip irrigation flow automatic control switch, it is characterized in that: constitute by porous shell (1), absorbent material (5), elasticity water pipe (3), spacing piston (2), absorbent material (5) is housed in the porous shell of one end opening (1), elasticity water pipe (3) bends to U type structure, U type structural base is the compressive deformation end, contact with absorbent material (5), elasticity water pipe (3) passes spacing piston (2) and closely cooperates with it into and out of water end (W.E.), and spacing piston (2) closely cooperates with porous shell (1); Be equipped with spacing top board (4) between described absorbent material (5) and elasticity water pipe (3) contact-making surface; Described spacing top board (4) each side is provided with a postive stop baffle (41); Described absorbent material (5) is one of polymer water absorbent material polyacrylamide, polyvinyl alcohol, a polyacrylic acid or derivatives thereof.
2, according to the described drip irrigation flow of claim 1 automatic control switch, it is characterized in that: described spacing top board (4) is poly (methyl methacrylate) plate or plastic plate, and is bonding with absorbent material (5).
3, according to the described drip irrigation flow of claim 1 automatic control switch, it is characterized in that: the stiff case that described porous shell (1) is made for potter's clay, brick or plastics.
4, according to the described drip irrigation flow of claim 1 automatic control switch, it is characterized in that: described spacing piston (2) is foam plugs, rubber stopper or cork.
5, according to the described drip irrigation flow of claim 1 automatic control switch, it is characterized in that: described spacing piston (2) is plugged in porous shell (1) or is threaded with porous shell (1).
6, according to the described drip irrigation flow of claim 1 automatic control switch, it is characterized in that: described elasticity water pipe (3) is silicone rubber tube or emulsion tube.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNB031333494A CN1239072C (en) | 2003-05-22 | 2003-05-22 | Automatic drip irrigation flow rate control switch |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNB031333494A CN1239072C (en) | 2003-05-22 | 2003-05-22 | Automatic drip irrigation flow rate control switch |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN1547887A CN1547887A (en) | 2004-11-24 |
| CN1239072C true CN1239072C (en) | 2006-02-01 |
Family
ID=34323026
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNB031333494A Expired - Fee Related CN1239072C (en) | 2003-05-22 | 2003-05-22 | Automatic drip irrigation flow rate control switch |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN1239072C (en) |
Families Citing this family (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102009008B (en) * | 2010-10-27 | 2012-07-25 | 福州鑫威扬电子有限公司 | Automatic-adjusting seepage pipe |
| US9964532B2 (en) | 2013-01-15 | 2018-05-08 | Ndsu Research Foundation | Biodegradable soil sensor, system and method |
| CN107047252A (en) * | 2017-05-22 | 2017-08-18 | 华侨大学 | The automatic irrigation device of water pipe break-make is controlled based on absorbent material |
| CN107667827A (en) * | 2017-09-27 | 2018-02-09 | 北京傲禾测土肥业连锁有限公司 | A kind of regulated variable drip irrigation matches somebody with somebody fertile device |
| CN114080973B (en) * | 2021-11-22 | 2023-05-09 | 河北工程大学 | Soil humidity control drip irrigation system with intermittent water supply function |
| CN115152507A (en) * | 2022-06-29 | 2022-10-11 | 上栗县梦仙生态农业发展有限公司 | Water-saving high-yield planting method for pear trees on sandy land |
-
2003
- 2003-05-22 CN CNB031333494A patent/CN1239072C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN1547887A (en) | 2004-11-24 |
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