CN1238668A - A cleaning implement - Google Patents

Abstract

A cleaning implement comprising a handle (figure 1a) and a removable cleaning pad (200). The cleaning pad exhibits the ability to initially delay absorption of cleaning fluid, soil and the like, but then absorb those materials after this initial delay.

Description

A kind of burnisher

Technical field

The application relates to the burnisher that is used for removing from crust crude removal.The application is particularly related to the burnisher that the cleaning with absorbability that comprises a handle and a changeable type is dragged piece.The application also relates to the cleaning with absorbability that is used for burnisher and drags piece.After beginning to postpone absorption liquid, this cleaning drags piece to have the ability that absorbs and keep big quantity of fluid.

Background of invention

Have in the literature in a large number about can cleaning of hard surfaces the report of the product of tile floor, hard-wood flooring and ceiling on the other side etc. for example.Aspect cleaning floor, the many utensils that are described comprise that all handle and some are used to absorb the device of liquid cleaning compositions.This appliances comprises those reusable utensils, comprising the mop that comprises cotton cord, cellulose and/or synthetic bar and sponge etc.Though these mops are effectively to the multiple dirt of removing on the crust, saturated by dregs such as dust dirt institute for fear of these materials, they in use generally need carry out the one or many rinsing step, and are very inconvenient.For this reason, these mops need use an independent container, so that carry out these rinsing steps, and these rinsing steps can not fully remove the dust dregs usually.It is out-of-date to drag subsequently at mop, and this can cause adhering to again of a large amount of dirts.In addition, when reusable mop service time was long, they can become more and more dirtier, more and more smelly.This can play ill-effect to later clean-up performance.

In order to alleviate some ill-effects that can reuse mop, people attempt preparing always has the mop that disposable cleaning is dragged piece.For example, the people's such as thunder Wella of promulgation on March 10th, 1992 United States Patent (USP) 5,094,559 have narrated and have a kind ofly comprised that disposable cleaning drags the mop of piece, and this cleaning drags piece to comprise cleaning layer, an absorbed layer that absorbs liquid after cleaning course and the impenetrable liquid layer between cleaning layer and absorbed layer that removes crude removal from the surface of staining.This drags piece also to comprise a hold down gag that draws back between cleaning layer and impenetrable liquid layer.When drawing back, the position of the hold down gag that can draw back can make liquid flow on the surface that is cleaned.Carrying out with cleaning layer in the process of wiping, the impenetrable liquid layer can prevent that liquid from moving to the absorbed layer with absorbability.After wiping is intact, with dragging piece to pull down, load onto again then from the handle of mop, make the absorbed layer kiss the earth.Though this utensil repeatedly rinsing step capable of reducing using needs the user to handle to drag piece and install the humidity that has tarnished again with hand and drags piece, so that finish cleaning course.

Similarly, the United States Patent (USP) of looking into 5,419,015 that draws of promulgation on May 30 nineteen ninety-five has been described a kind of mop that not only replaceable but also flushable cleaning is dragged piece that has.It is said that this drags piece to comprise a upper strata on the hook that can be fixed to mophead, a middle level and a lower floor that in cleaning course, contacts of making by synthetic plastic microporous foamed material with the surface.This patent claims the application target that the composition of lower floor depends on this utensil, i.e. cleaning, polishing or clean.In use need the problem of washing, this patent not to provide on the crust that can fully remove attached to general family though this piece list of references is spoken of mop, the burnisher of especially ground dirt makes people feel not have substantially from the teeth outwards dirt.Particularly draw and look into the described synthesising foam material that is used to absorb cleaning solution, lower to the absorptive capacity of water and group water solution.Therefore, the user has to use remain on drag the piece absorptive capacity with interior a small amount of cleaning solution, has to leave behind on the surface that is cleaned a large amount of cleaning solutions exactly.Under these two kinds of situations, it is not best that cleaning is dragged the combination property of piece.

Though the utensil of many known cleaning of hard surfaces is that effectively they need the one or many cleaning step, are inconvenient removing aspect most of dirt that ordinary consumer run in cleaning course.Utensil with these prior aries of described inconvenient problem, its expense that cleans also are debatable usually.Therefore, still need a kind of not only convenient but also decontaminable utensil.So, an object of the present invention is to provide the burnisher that a kind of cleaning that comprises a changeable type is dragged piece, this instrument has in use reduced dragging the flushing of piece.Particularly an object of the present invention is to provide and a kind ofly comprise that a removable cleaning drags the instrument of piece, this cleaning drags piece to have enough absorptive capacities, the liquid in gram that drags piece to absorb by every gram cleaning calculates, it can clean big area, for example clean general crust ground (for example, 80-100ft ²), just need not change and drag piece.Another object of the present invention provides a kind of its and drags piece to have to help the burnisher of scrubbing performance.Another object of the present invention is that providing is dry and comfortable final cleaning effect basically under the occasion that burnisher of the present invention and cleaning solution are used.

Summary of the invention

The present invention relates to a kind of burnisher, comprising:

A. handle; With

B. the cleaning of a changeable type is dragged piece, comprising:

ⅰ. a cleaning layer; With

ⅱ. an absorbed layer;

Wherein cleaning is dragged the t of piece ₃₀The percentage absorbability is not more than drags piece t ₁₂₀₀Absorptive capacity about 10%, and t ₁₂₀₀Absorptive capacity is that every gram cleaning drags piece at least about the 5g deionized water.

Depend on and drag piece to be fixed to device used on the cleaning tool handle cleaning, can preferably clean and drag piece also to comprise a special fixed bed.In this embodiment, absorbed layer is between cleaning layer and fixed bed.

Use though be not limited to wet cleaning, preferred burnisher of the present invention and cleaning solution are used.That is to say that though instrument of the present invention is in drying regime when beginning, the best clean-up performance that cleans general crust relates to the use of cleaning solution, before this instrument of use cleaning, cleaning solution is applied on the surface that tarnishes.Be devoted to develop in the process of this burnisher, the applicant is surprised to find that, a critical aspect of clean-up performance is to avoid promptly absorbing liquid in beginning.That is to say that though when general user clean surface, importantly absorb all cleaning solutions basically, avoiding being cleaned, to drag piece to absorb immediately also be very important.This is general opposite to the understanding of g. absorbent products with prior art, and prior art is thought, can promptly absorb immediately and wish.

Though do not wish to be subjected to theoretical constraint, applicants be sure of, beginning to avoid being cleaned to drag piece to absorb, can make and drag piece that solution is disperseed from the teeth outwards fully, thereby increase contacting of solution and dirt.And, controlledly postpone absorption of dragging piece of the present invention, can make cleaning solution have enough times of contact and dirt to interact and remove them, after this section of beginning postponed, liquid and dirt were promptly absorbed, and stayed the dry and comfortable surface of cleaning.Consider this point, the total absorptivity minimum is the necessary condition that cleaning is dragged piece.This total absorptivity is again very important, because it has created condition for the cleaning solution (solution-dirt is interacted to greatest extent) that uses q.s, and guarantees to remove basically all solution and dissolved dirt from the surface.

The design of instrument of the present invention is suitable for comprising timber, vinyl, linoleum, no wax ground, pottery, bakelite Formica ^, porcelain, glass and wallboard etc. be in all interior crust matrix.

The accompanying drawing summary

Fig. 1 is the perspective view of burnisher of the present invention, is loaded with a liquid dispensing apparatus on this instrument.

Fig. 1 a is the perspective view of burnisher of the present invention, carrying liqs distributor not on this instrument.

Fig. 1 b is the side view of handle for tool handle shown in Fig. 1 a.

Fig. 2 is the perspective view that changeable type cleaning of the present invention is dragged piece.

Fig. 3 is the decomposition diagram that changeable type cleaning of the present invention is dragged the piece absorbed layer.

Fig. 4 is that changeable type cleaning of the present invention is dragged the cross-sectional view of an embodiment of piece.

Fig. 5 represents to be used to measure the schematic representation of apparatus that the changeable type cleaning is dragged piece operation (PUP) absorptive capacity under pressurization.

Fig. 6 represents the profile that plunger shown in Figure 5/barrel assemblies is amplified.

Fig. 7 represents that another kind of changeable type of the present invention cleans the decomposition diagram that drags piece.

Fig. 8 represents that the cleaning of another kind of changeable type of the present invention drags the perspective view of piece.

I is described in detail in detail. definition

Term used herein " comprises " various parts, part or the step that means the use that can be combined when realization is of the present invention.Therefore term " comprise " term of having contained more restricted property " basically by ... form " and " by ... composition ".

Term used herein " liquid directly communicates " means that liquid can drag in cleaning and shifts rapidly between two parts of piece or two layers (for example cleaning layer and the absorbed layer) and do not accumulate, carry or be subjected to the restriction of insert layer in a large number.For example, when liquid is moving from parts or another parts of a course or another laminar flow, as long as fabric, nonwoven webs and structural adhesive etc. do not hinder basically or during confined liquid mobile, just they can be placed between two different parts and keep " liquid directly communicates ".

Term used herein " Z-dimension " means perpendicular to cleaning of the present invention and drags the length of piece or its parts and the one dimension of width.The Z-dimension is dragged piece corresponding to the cleaning that comprises Web materials usually or is dragged the thickness of block part.

Term used herein " X-Y dimension " means the plane of dragging the thickness of piece or its parts perpendicular to cleaning.X and Y dimension are dragged piece corresponding to cleaning respectively usually or are dragged the length and the width of block part.

Term used herein " layer " means that cleaning drags the member or the parts of piece, and its main dimension is X-Y, promptly along the two dimension of its length and width.Should be appreciated that term " layer " not necessarily is limited to individual layer or single piece of material.Therefore, layer can comprise the lamination or the composite bed of which floor or several types of material that require.Therefore, term " layer " comprises term " multilayer " and " layering ".

Term used herein " hydrophilic " means the wetting surface of the aqueous solution that can be attached thereon.Hydrophily and wettability generally are to define according to the surface tension of contact angle, liquid and the related surface of solids.In the american chemical society publication thing that is entitled as contact angle, wettability and adhewsive action, this problem has been discussed at length by Robert F. Gu Erde (copyright in 1964) editor.This paper is introduced into as a reference hereby.Contact angle between liquid and surface perhaps when liquid can be distributed on the whole surface naturally, just claims this surface by liquid wetting (being hydrophilic) less than 90 °, and these two kinds of situations exist simultaneously usually.On the contrary, if contact angle can not be distributed on the whole surface with liquid naturally greater than 90 °, just think that this surface is " hydrophobic ".

Term used herein " net " means that any constitutes the durable material that cleaning is dragged reticulate pattern on the piece cleaning layer contact-making surface, and it also has enough porositys, makes liquid drag the absorbed layer of piece to carry out necessary moving to cleaning.Suitable material comprises the material with continuous loose structure, for example synthetic and wire mesh screens metal.The perforated area of these materials can be at an easy rate by being controlled by the radical of the included cross-connect cable of the thickness change screen cloth of those cross-connect cables of control.Other suitable material comprises those materials that have the reticulate pattern that is made of the discontinuous pattern that is printed on the matrix thereon.In this respect, durable material (for example, synthetic) can be printed to continuous or discontinuous pattern on matrix, some single point and/or lines for example are so that form required reticulate pattern.Similarly, continuous or discontinuous pattern can be printed on the separable material, these detachable material are just used as net then.These patterns can be repetitions, also can be random.Should be appreciated that and one or more methods of the required reticulate pattern of described making can be combined, make optional Web materials.The Z of net and/or cleaning layer matrix helps to control and/or block the main body that liquid flows to absorbing material to height and perforated area.The height of net and/or wiping matrix helps to form the method for the liquid volume that control contacts with the institute clean Surface, and the while controlled liquid infiltration rate, be the speed that liquid flows to the absorbing material main body.

For purposes of the invention, cleaning drag piece " on " layer is the one deck of (promptly under the situation at this instrument, in use nearer relatively by the handle of instrument) relatively far away from the surface that is cleaned.In contrast, term D score series of strata refer to that cleaning drags piece one deck by the surface that is cleaned nearer relatively (promptly under the situation of this instrument, in use far away relatively from the handle of instrument).Therefore wiping the examination layer is orlop, and with respect to cleaning layer, absorbed layer is the upper strata.When relating to multilayer (for example, when cleaning layer is two layer materials) use equally term " on " and D score.

Except as otherwise noted, all percentages used herein, ratio and ratio all are by weight calculation.II. burnisher

Burnisher of the present invention comprises:

A. handle, preferred handle comprise one with the fixing retrieving head of at one end going up of fulcrum; With

B. the cleaning of a changeable type is dragged piece, comprising:

ⅰ. a cleaning layer;

ⅱ. an absorbed layer, preferred absorbed layer directly communicates with the liquid of cleaning layer; With

ⅲ. an optional fixed bed, releasably cleaning is dragged piece to be fixed on the handle, preferably be fixed on the optional retrieving head;

Wherein cleaning is dragged the t of piece ₃₀The percentage absorbability is not more than drags piece t ₁₂₀₀Absorptive capacity about 10%, t ₁₂₀₀Absorptive capacity is that every gram cleaning drags piece at least about the 5g deionized water.

As noted above, applicant's discovery is based on the absorbent piece that drags beginning to postpone absorption liquid, has improved this result of study of comprehensive clean-up performance.Particularly the cleaning of measuring in the 30 second (30s) under authorized pressure 0.09psi drags piece based on dragging piece t ₁₂₀₀The percentage absorbability of absorptive capacity (after this claims " t ₃₀The percentage absorbability ") be not more than about 10%.Preferred t ₃₀It is about 5% that the percentage absorbability is not more than, more preferably no more than about 2%, more preferably no more than about 1%.

Though wish to avoid dragging piece promptly to absorb liquid, in cleaning course, still need clean and drag piece to absorb used most of liquid in beginning.Therefore, when measuring under authorized pressure 0.09psi, cleaning drags piece (after this to claim " t 1200 seconds absorptive capacity ₁₂₀₀Absorptive capacity ") for cleaning, every gram drag piece at least about the 5g deionized water.Preferred cleaning is dragged the t of piece ₁₂₀₀Absorptive capacity is at least about 10g/g, more preferably at least about 20g/g, most preferably at least about 30g/g.Preferred cleaning is dragged the t of piece ₉₀₀At least about 10g/g, more preferably t ₉₀₀At least about 20g/g.

t ₃₀Percentage absorbability, t ₁₂₀₀And t ₉₀₀The numerical value of absorptive capacity is to be measured by the method for operation (this paper is called " PUP ") under pressurization, and testing method part has below at length been narrated this method.Briefly, the PUP method is that (this pressure has reflected the general pressure that uses in cleaning course) mensuration cleaning is dragged the absorbability of piece at different time under the initial pressure 0.09psi of regulation.

Cleaning drags piece preferred but be not must have total liquid capacity (to deionized water) at least about 100g, more preferably at least about 200g, more more preferably at least about 300g with most preferably at least about 400g.Though total liquid capacity drags piece also within the scope of the invention less than 100g's, they can not be well suited for cleaning big area as the higher piece that drags of capacity, for example the area that is run in general family.

The technical staff can take into account, and can utilize various materials to realize the invention that this requires patent protection.Therefore, be used for various tool and clean the preferred material that drags block part, should be understood that scope of the present invention is not limited to these disclosed contents though narrated hereinafter.

A. handle

The handle of burnisher is to be convenient to hold with a firm grip arbitrary parts of burnisher.The handle of burnisher preferably includes the arbitrary elongated durable parts that can be used for actual cleaning.The length of handle is decided on the application target of instrument.

Handle preferably includes a retrieving head at one end, cleaning can be dragged piece releasably be fixed on this retrieving head.For easy to use, can adopt the coupling assembling of knowing, with fulcrum retrieving head is fixed on the handle.Can utilize arbitrary suitable device to drag piece to be fixed on the retrieving head cleaning, as long as in cleaning course, drag piece to keep motionless.The example of suitable fixture comprises clamping device, hook and ring (VELCRO for example ^) etc.In preferred embodiments, retrieving head is included in some hooks on its lower surface, and they can be mechanically fixed to the cleaning with absorbability and drag on the upper strata of piece (preferred special fixed bed).

In Fig. 1, draw a kind of preferred handle that comprises liquid distribution device, sequence number that V.S. equality people submitted on November 26th, 1996 for _ _ _ _ _ common unsettled U.S. Patent application (No. 6386 cases) in described this handle in detail, be introduced into as a reference at this.In Fig. 1 a and 1b, draw the another kind of preferred handle that does not comprise liquid distribution device, sequence number that people such as A.J. Irving submitted on September 23rd, 1996 for _ _ _ _ _ common unsettled U.S. Patent application (No. 6262 cases) in described this handle in detail, be introduced into as a reference at this.

B. the cleaning of changeable type is dragged piece

Discovery in view of the applicant, in check absorbability plays an important role to the clean-up performance of instrument of the present invention, and the technical staff can take into account, and cleaning drags piece to absorb the speed of cleaning solution, particularly, dragged block of material control to the delay that begins of rapid absorption cleaning solution.To this, can adopt the Ha Gen-pool that is applicable to laminar flow desolate (Hagen-Poiseuille) law volume calculated flow (being the infiltration rate of liquid).Ha Gen-pool Xiao Dinglv is calculated as follows volume flow q:

Q=R ²R is the radius of pipe in [(2 γ cos θ/R)-ρ gL]/8L μ formula, and γ is the surface tension that is absorbed liquid, and θ is the contact angle on the liquid-solid boundary, and ρ is a density of liquid, and g is a gravity constant, and L is wet length of tube, and μ is the viscosity of liquid.Can find out significantly that from this equation cleaning drags the infiltration rate of piece to constitute pore size, the surface wettability controls such as (cos θs) of adjusting material to being absorbed liquid of cleaning the material that drags piece by for example regulating.Add the content that disclosure data is lectured, can adopt arbitrary well-known absorbing material and it is combined, realize desired absorbability begin postpone, but the time that reaches total absorptive capacity does not postpone.Therefore, though the following representational material and the embodiment of dragging piece as cleaning of having narrated, the present invention is not limited to these materials and embodiment.

ⅰ. cleaning layer

Cleaning layer is the part that cleaning is dragged piece, and it comes in contact with the surface of staining in cleaning course.Therefore, the material that is used as cleaning layer must be enough durable, so that this layer keeps its integrality in cleaning course.In addition, when cleaning dragged piece and solution to be used, cleaning layer must can absorb liquid and dirt, and with those liquid and soil transfer in absorbed layer.This can guarantee that cleaning layer can continue to remove other material from the surface that is cleaned.No matter being this instrument uses the state of humidity (promptly with) with cleaning solution, still do not use (i.e. state to do) with cleaning solution, except removing shot-like particle, cleaning layer also helps other function, surperficial polishing, the dedusting that for example will be cleaned and cleaning.

Cleaning layer can be the single or multiple lift structure, one or more layers opening in the cleaning layer can be beneficial to surface and absorption shot-like particle that wiping is stained.When cleaning layer nuzzles up stain surperficial, it and dirt (and cleaning solution, when using cleaning solution) interact, make the loose and emulsification of stupid stain, and make them enter the absorbed layer that drags piece swimmingly.Preferred cleaning layer comprises some ducts (for example, long and narrow opening), and these ducts enter and be trapped in the passage of providing convenience in the absorbed layer that drags piece swimmingly for bigger particulate soil.The low-density structure body of preferred employing is beneficial to shot-like particle is sent in the absorbed layer that drags piece as cleaning layer.

In order to form desired globality, the material that is particularly suitable for cleaning layer comprises synthetic material, for example polyolefin (for example polyethylene and polypropylene), polyester, polyamide, synthetic cellulose (artificial silk RAYON for example ^) and composition thereof.Method manufacturings such as these synthetic materials can adopt for example combing of known method, spin bundle, moltenly blow, air-flow method and acupuncture.

ⅱ. absorbed layer

Any liquid and dirt that absorbed layer is used to keep clean and drags piece in use to be absorbed.Though cleaning layer can have some influences to the ability of dragging piece provide liquid to absorb initial delay, reach that the super beginning of the presently claimed invention postpones and total absorptivity aspect absorbed layer play a major role.

Because absorbed layer can be removed liquid and dirt in the cleaning layer, so cleaning layer has continuation removes crude removal from the surface ability.Absorbed layer also should maintain the material that is absorbed under general working pressure, to avoid " extruding " absorbed dirt and cleaning solution etc.

Absorbed layer comprises and can in use still after absorption liquid is between minimum elementary period, absorb and maintain any material of liquid.In order to reach desired total liquid capacity, preferably in absorbed layer, comprise the higher material of capacity (the liquid gram number that absorbs by every gram absorbing material calculates).Term used herein " superabsorbent material " means when measuring under the 0.3psi pressure of regulation, the capacity (g/g) of water is at least about arbitrary absorbing material of 15g/g.Because most of cleaning solution that the present invention uses all is water base, so preferred superabsorbent material has higher capacity (g/g) to water or water fluid.

Typical superabsorbent material comprises the gelation polymer water-fast, water swellable, that super absorbability is arranged (this paper is called " gelation polymer that super absorbability is arranged "), and they are well-known in the literature.These materials have very high absorptive capacity to glassware for drinking water.The used size with gelation polymer of super absorbability of the present invention, shape and/or morphology can change within a large range.These polymer can be granular, and its full-size is to the ratio of minimum dimension little (for example between particulate, flakelike powder, powder, interparticle, particle crosslinked granule etc.), and they also can be shapes such as fiber, sheet, film, foam and lamination.Use is fibrous in cleaning course has the gelation polymer of super absorbability than using granular helping to strengthen the ability that superabsorbent material keeps liquid.Though they are generally lower to the capacity of water-based mixture, these materials are still noticeable to the absorptive capacity of this class mixture.Open source information about the water swellable material in patent documentation is very many.For example, see the United States Patent (USP) 3,699,103 people such as () Harpers of on June 13rd, 1972 promulgation; The United States Patent (USP) 3,770,731 (Harmon) of promulgation on June 20th, 1972; The U.S. that issued again on April 19th, 1989 issues patent 32,649 (Blanc top grade people) again; The United States Patent (USP) 4,834,735 of on May 30th, 1989 promulgation people such as () A Limoni.

The gelation polymer with super absorbability of Shi Yonging comprises various water-fast but water swellable polymer in the present invention, and they can absorb a large amount of liquid.The polymeric material of this class is also called " hydrocolloid " usually, and they can comprise polysaccharide, for example CMS, carboxymethyl cellulose and hydroxypropyl cellulose; Nonionic, for example polyvinyl alcohol, polyvinylether; Cationic, for example polyvinyl pyridine, polyethylene morpholine, N, TMSDMA N dimethylamine ethyl or N, TMSDEA N diethylamine propyl group acrylate, methyl acrylate and corresponding quaternary salt thereof.The gelation polymer with super absorbability of Shi Yonging has multiple anionic functional group usually in the present invention, for example sulfonic acid group and more general hydroxy-acid group.The example that is fit to the polymer that the present invention uses comprises that those are by polymerisable, undersaturated and contain the polymer of the monomer preparation of acid.Therefore, this class monomer comprises unsaturated acids and the acid anhydrides with olefinic double bonds, wherein comprises at least one alkene carbon-to-carbon double bond.More specifically, these monomers can be selected from unsaturated carboxylic acid and the acid anhydrides with olefinic double bonds, have the unsaturated sulfonic acid of olefinic double bonds, and composition thereof.

The preparation the present invention used have the gelation polymer of super absorbability the time, also can comprise some non-acid monomers, normally a spot of.The non-acid monomers of this class can comprise for example water-soluble or water dispersible ester class of acidiferous monomer, and the monomer that does not contain carboxylic acid or sulfonic acid group.Therefore, Ren Xuan non-acid monomers can comprise the monomer that contains following various functional groups: carboxylic acid or sulphonic acid ester, hydroxyl, amide groups, amino, itrile group, quaternary ammonium salt base, aryl (for example phenyl, for example those groups of deriving from styrene monomer).These non-acid monomers are well-known materials, for example at the United States Patent (USP) 4 of on February 28th, 1978 promulgation, 076, the United States Patent (USP) 4 of 663 people such as () Ma Suda and promulgation on December 13rd, 1977,062, in 817 (Westmans) it has been done very detailed narration, these two parts of patents have been incorporated herein by reference.

Unsaturated carboxylic acid and carboxylic acid anhydrides monomer with olefinic double bonds comprise that with acrylic acid itself, methacrylic acid, ethylacrylic acid, α-Lv Bingxisuan, alpha-cyanoacrylate, Beta-methyl acrylic acid (crotonic acid), atropic acid, β-propylene oxygen propionic acid, sorbic acid, α-chlorine sorbic acid, angelic acid, cinnamic acid, right-chloro-cinnamic acid, β-sterol acrylic acid, itaconicacid, citraconic acid, mesaconic acid, glutaconate, aconitic acid, maleic acid, fumaric acid, tricarboxylic ethene be the acrylic compounds and the maleic anhydride of representative.

Unsaturated sulfonic acid monomer with olefinic double bonds comprises aliphatic or aromatic vinyl sulfonic acid, for example vinyl sulfonic acid, allyl sulphonic acid, vinyl toluene sulfonic acid and styrene sulfonic acid; The sulfonic acid of acrylic acid and methacrylic acid, for example acrylic acid sulphur ethyl ester, methacrylic acid sulphur ethyl ester, acrylic acid sulphur propyl ester, methacrylic acid sulphur propyl ester, 2-hydroxy-3-methyl acrylic oxygen propyl sulfonic acid and 2-acrylamide-2-methyl propane sulfonic acid.

Be used for the gelation polymer that preferably has super absorbability of the present invention and comprise carboxyl.These polymer comprise lightly crosslinked polymer, the polyacrylic acid of part neutralization and the lightly crosslinked polymer of polyacrylic acid network of part neutralization of network of the acrylonitrile of vinyl acetate-acrylate copolymer, hydrolysis of starch-acrylate graft copolymer, the saponification of hydrolyzed starch-acrylonitrile graft copolymer, starch-acrylate graft copolymer, the part neutralization of hydrolyzed starch-acrylonitrile graft copolymer, part neutralization or acrylamide copolymer, arbitrary aforementioned copolymer.These polymer both can use separately, also can use with the form of three kinds or multiple different mixture of polymers.At United States Patent (USP) 3,661, some examples of these polymeric materials are disclosed in 875,4,067,663,4,093,776,4,666,983 and 4,734,478.

The most preferred polymeric material that is used to prepare the gelation polymer with super absorbability is the lightly crosslinked polymer and the starch derivatives thereof of polyacrylic network of part neutralization.The polymer with absorbability that forms hydrogel most preferably comprises about 50 to the lightly crosslinked polyacrylic acid of the network of about 95% neutralization (i.e. poly-(sodium acrylate/acrylic acid)), preferred about 75%.The network cross-linked effect makes polymer water insoluble basically, and has partly determined to have the absorptive capacity of gelation polymer of super absorbability and the polymer content characteristic that can extract.At United States Patent (USP) 4,076, method and the typical network cross-linked agent of these polymer being carried out network cross-linked have been described very much in 663 in detail.

Though have the gelation polymer of super absorbability is a preferred class (being homogeneous) polymer, and mixture of polymers also can be used in instrument of the present invention.For example, the lightly crosslinked mixture of polymers of polyacrylic acid network that can use starch-acrylate graft copolymer and part to neutralize in the present invention.

Though the described in the prior art gelation polymer that any has super absorbability all can be used for the present invention, but have realized that recently, in absorbent structure, to comprise in a large number and (for example press the weight calculating of absorbent structure, be higher than about 50%) have an occasion of the gelation polymer of super absorbability, particularly in one or more layers of absorbed layer, weight by this layer is calculated, comprise and be higher than about 50% occasion, the gel blockage problem that is caused by the swelling particle can hinder flowing of liquid, thereby gelation polymer absorbs its heap(ed) capacity in required time ability is had a negative impact.The United States Patent (USP) 5 of promulgation on September 15th, 1992,147, the United States Patent (USP) 5 of 343 people such as () Kellenbergers and promulgation on September 22nd, 1992,149,335 (people such as Kellenberger), under the pressure 0.3psi of regulation, absorb the occasion of liquid (salinity 0.9%) with regard to gelation polymer, described gelation polymer with super absorbability from the angle of their absorbabilities (AUL) under saturation conditions.(be incorporated herein the disclosure of these each parts of patent.) in these patents, narrated the method for definite AUL.Polymer as herein described is specially adapted to embodiments more of the present invention, comprises the higher layer of gelation polymer content with super absorbability in these embodiments.Particularly drag the occasion that adds the gelation polymer with super absorbability of high concentration in the piece in cleaning, press United States Patent (USP) 5,147,343 described methods are measured, the AUL of preferred those polymer was at least about 24ml/g after 1 hour, more preferably at least about 27ml/g; Or press United States Patent (USP) 5,149, and 335 described methods are measured, and AUL is at least about 15ml/g after 15 minutes, more preferably at least about 18ml/g.The sequence number that on March 29th, 1994 submitted to is 08/219, the sequence number that 547 people such as () Ge Deman and April 6 nineteen ninety-five submit to is 08/416, the common unsettled U.S. Patent application (being incorporated herein these two parts of patent applications as a reference) of the common transfer of 396 people such as () Ge Deman is also spoken of the gel blockage problem, and has narrated to avoiding the employed gelation polymer with super absorbability of this phenomenon.These applications described particularly can in addition higher authorized pressure under, particularly under 0.7psi, avoid the gelation polymer with super absorbability of gel blockage.In embodiments of the invention, when absorbed layer comprises the layer of gelation polymer content height with super absorbability (for example calculate by the weight of this layer and be higher than about 50%), the preferred gelation polymer in above-mentioned application, narrated of people such as Ge Deman with super absorbability.

Other superabsorbent material that uses comprises hydrophilic polymeric foam, for example the sequence number of submitting in November 29 nineteen ninety-five is 08/563, the United States Patent (USP) 5 of U.S. Patent application that the common transfer of 866 people such as () Dai Malei is common unsettled and promulgation on February 7 nineteen ninety-five, those foamed materials described in 387,207 (people such as Dell).These lists of references have been narrated the foamed material with absorbability polymerization, hydrophilic, and they obtain by making high interior phase WO emulsion (so-called HIPEs) polymerization.Being easy to that these foamed materials are had influences the different physical property of liquid handling ability (pore size, capillary siphoning effect and density etc.).Therefore, these materials are useful especially aspect the total capacity of the presently claimed invention providing, and they both can use separately, also can be used in combination with other this class A foam A material or fibrous structures.

The occasion that comprises superabsorbent material in absorbed layer is pressed absorbed layer weight and is calculated, and preferred absorbed layer comprises the superabsorbent material at least about 15%, more preferably at least about 20%, more preferably at least about 25%.

Absorbed layer also can be made up of fibrous material, or comprises fibrous material.The fiber of Shi Yonging comprises natural (modification or unmodified) and artificial synthetic fiber in the present invention.The example of the natural fiber of suitable unmodified/modification comprises wood pulp, jute, ethyl cellulose and the cellulose acetate of cotton, Spanish grass (Esparto), bagasse, common and braid wool, flax, silk, wool, wood pulp, chemical modification.Suitable synthetic fibers can be by polyvinyl chloride; Polyvinyl fluoride; Polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE); Polyvinylidene chloride; Polyacrylic acid, for example ORLON ^Polyvinyl acetate; Artificial silk ^Poly-acetic acid ethylethylene ester; The polyvinyl alcohol of insoluble or solubility; Polyolefin, for example polyethylene (PULPEX for example ^) and polypropylene; Polyamide, for example nylon; Polyester, for example terylene ^Or KODEL ^Polyureas alkane; With manufacturings such as polystyrene.Absorbed layer can include only natural fiber and include only synthetic fibers, or comprises the arbitrary compatible composition that has natural fiber and synthetic fibers concurrently.

The used fiber of the present invention can be a composition hydrophilic, hydrophobic or hydrophily and hydrophobic fibre.As noted above, other material that comprises in (with depending in wiping to a certain extent) layer absorbing is depended in the concrete selection of hydrophily or hydrophobic fibre.That is to say that the character of fiber will make cleaning drag piece to have necessary liquid delay absorbability and total liquid absorption capacity.The hydrophilic fibre that is fit to use in the present invention comprises the cellulose fibre, artificial silk of cellulose fibre, modification and such as hydrophily nylon (HYDROFIL ^) and so on polyester fiber.Suitable hydrophilic fibre also can obtain by making the hydrophobic fibre hydrophiling, thermoplastic fibre that for example handled with surfactant or that cross with silica-treated, these thermoplastic fibres are to obtain from the polyolefin of for example polyethylene or polypropylene and so on, polyacrylic acid, polyamide, polystyrene and polyureas alkane etc.

Suitable wood pulp cellulose can for example NBSK and sulphite process (Kraft and sulfite processes) obtain by well-known chemical process.Because southern cork has fabulous absorption characteristic, so especially preferably prepare these wood pulp celluloses by them.These wood pulp celluloses also can be by mechanical process, for example thin wooden slurry process, refiner machinery pulping process, hot machine-processed slurry process, chemical-mechanical pulping process and the preparation of chemithermomechanicapulp slurry process.Can use recovery or regeneration wood pulp cellulose and bleaching and unbleached wood pulp cellulose.

The another kind of hydrophilic fibre of Shi Yonging is the cellulose fibre that strengthens with chemical method in the present invention.Term used herein " cellulose fibre that chemistry strengthens " means and adopts chemical method to increase the cellulose fibre that the toughness of fiber under dry and aqueous conditions strengthens.Described method can comprise the chemical intensifier that adding for example applies and/or impregnation of fibers uses.Described method can also comprise by changing chemical constitution, for example come fortifying fibre by the cross-linked polymer chain.

With fiber as the occasion of absorbed layer (or its building block), can choose wantonly fiber and thermoplastic are used in combination.When fusion, the part of this at least thermoplastic moves to the infall of fiber, and this is because due to the inclination of interfibrous capillary usually.These infalls just become the bonding point of thermoplastic.When cooling, in the thermoplastic material cures of these infalls, form bonding point, they are fixed together fibrous matrix in each equivalent layer or fibre web.This drags the globality of piece to the enhancing cleaning is favourable.

On various at it, increased the total compression modulus and the intensity of made hot adhesion spare in the cementation of fiber infall.Under situation with chemical method fortifying fibre cellulose fiber, though the density that keeps silk screen and matrix weight with made originally the same, the fusion of thermoplastic and the effect of having moved increase gained silk screen average pore size.This can improve the fluid acquisition performance of hot adhesion silk screen, when the beginning contact liq, be because it has improved due to the permeability for liquids, and when contacting subsequently, be under wet condition, to keep the ability of its toughness and thermoplastic to compress the cause that still keeps the ability on the fiber infall that is bonded under the condition in moist and humidity because it has fortifying fibre concurrently.In net, the fortifying fibre silk screen of hot adhesion keeps its original some volume, but owing to originally become hole by the volume at the shared position of thermoplastic, has therefore increased the average-size of pore between fiber.

The thermoplastic of Shi Yonging can be any form that comprises the composition of particle, fiber or particle and fiber in the present invention.Thermoplastic fibre is particularly preferred form, because they have the ability that forms bonding point between many fibers.Suitable thermoplastic can be by any thermoplastic polymer preparation, and thermoplastic polymer can fusion under the temperature that can not damage the included fiber of every layer of main silk screen or matrix in a large number.The fusing point of preferred this thermoplastic is lower than about 190 ℃, preferred about 75 ℃ to about 175 ℃.When dragging in the piece absorption component that uses hot adhesion in cleaning, under any circumstance, the fusing point of this thermoplastic all must not be lower than the temperature that the absorption component of hot adhesion may be stored.The fusing point of thermoplastic generally is not less than about 50 ℃.

Thermoplastic, particularly thermoplastic fibre can be by the preparations of various thermoplastic polymers, comprising polyolefin, and polyethylene (PULPEX for example for example ^) and polypropylene; Polyester; Copolyesters; Polyvinyl acetate; Poly-acetic acid ethylethylene ester; Polyvinyl chloride; Polyvinylidene chloride; Polyacrylic acid; Polyamide; Copolyamide; Polystyrene; Polyureas alkane; With the copolymer of arbitrary above-mentioned polymer, vinyl chloride/vinylacetate etc. for example.According to the made desired characteristic of hot adhesion absorbing component, suitable thermoplastic comprises the hydrophilic fibre of being made by hydrophobic fibre, that for example handle or with silica-treated with surfactant, by for example polyolefin, for example polyethylene or polypropylene; Polyacrylic acid; Polyamide; Polystyrene; Thermoplastic fibre with preparation such as polyureas alkane.By handling with surfactant surfactant for example nonionic or ionic, for example adopt on fiber sprayed surface activating agent, fiber is immersed in the surfactant or surfactant is included in as the part of molten polymer the method in the thermoplastic fibre of production, can make the surface of hydrophobic thermoplastic fibre become hydrophilic.When fusion with when solidifying again, surfactant is often still stayed on the surface of thermoplastic fibre.Suitable surfactant comprises nonionic surface active agent, for example the Brij of the ICI Americas Co., Ltd of Wilmington, Delaware State production ^76 and by the neat Glyco of Connecticut State Green's prestige chemistry Co., Ltd with Pegosperse ^The various surfactants that trade mark is sold.Except nonionic surface active agent, also can use anionic surfactant.These surfactants can be applied on the thermoplastic fibre by for example every square centimeter of about consumption of 0.2 to about 1g of thermoplastic fibre.

Suitable thermoplastic fibre can be by independent a kind of polymer manufacturing (homofil), also can be by more than one polymer manufacturing (for example, bicomponent fibre).Term " bicomponent fibers " used herein " mean the thermoplastic fibre that is closed in the outer intracutaneous of the thermoplasticity made by different polymer comprising the core fibre of making by a kind of polymer.The polymer that constitutes crust often with the polymer fusion under different temperature that constitutes yarn core, normally be lower than fusion under the latter's the temperature.Therefore, because the fusion of sheath polymer, these bicomponent fibres have the hot adhesion effect, keep the needed strength characteristics of yarn core polymer simultaneously again.

The suitable bicomponent fibre that uses in the present invention can comprise the crust/core fibre of the composition with following polymers: polyethylene/polypropylene, poly-acetic acid ethylethylene ester/polypropylene, polyethylene/polyester, polypropylene/polyester and copolyesters/polyester etc.Being particularly suitable for bi-component thermoplastic fibre of the present invention is that those bi-component thermoplastic fibres with the lower copolyesters of polypropylene or polyester yarn core and melt temperature, poly-acetic acid ethylethylene ester or polyethylene sheath (for example can be from Danaklon a/s, those bi-component thermoplastic fibres that Chisso company has bought and the CELBOND that can buy from Hercules ^).These bicomponent fibres can be concentric, also can be decentraction.Term used herein " concentric " and " decentraction " mean that the thickness of crust on the cross section of bicomponent fibre is uniformly or uneven.May need under lower fiber thickness provides bigger compression strength with the bicomponent fibre of decentraction.

The sequence number of submitting in July 3 nineteen ninety-five is 08/479, the United States Patent (USP) 5 of 096 people such as () Richards' common unsettled U.S. Patent application (seeing the 16-20 page or leaf for details) and promulgation on August 27th, 1996, narrate some in 549,589 (people such as Buddhist nun suddenly) (the seeing the 9-10 hurdle for details) and prepared the method for hot adhesion fibrous material.Be incorporated herein by reference in this disclosure these two parts of lists of references.

Absorbed layer also can comprise the hydrophilic polymeric foam of being derived by HIPE, is called those foamed material height of " superabsorbent material " above the absorbability of this foamed material does not have.United States Patent (USP) 5,550,167 (Dai Malei) in promulgation on August 27th, 1996; This class A foam A material and manufacture method (being incorporated herein these two parts of lists of references as a reference) thereof have been narrated in the common unsettled U.S. Patent application of be 08/370,695 with the sequence number of submitting to the January 10 nineteen ninety-five common transfer of people such as () stones.

Cleaning the absorbed layer that drags piece can be by homogeneous material, and for example cellulose fibre (optional hot adhesion) is formed with the mixture of the gelation polymer with super absorbability of swellable.Adopt another kind of scheme, absorbed layer can be by independent material layer, and for example the air-flow method material layer of hot adhesion and independent layer of super absorbent material are formed.For example the cellulose fibre layer of hot adhesion can be positioned at (promptly in its lower section) under the superabsorbent material (promptly between layer of super absorbent material and cleaning layer).In order to be issued to high absorptive capacity in pressurization and to maintain liquid, the initial delay that provides liquid to absorb simultaneously again when the preparation absorbed layer, can preferably adopt this individual course.About this point, can be by comprising that the less layer of absorbability as lowermost of absorbed layer, makes superabsorbent material far away from cleaning layer.For example, (promptly below) superabsorbent material (promptly between layer of super absorbent material and cleaning layer) that the position of cellulose fibre layer is lower than.

In preferred embodiments, absorbed layer will comprise air-flow method cellulose fibre silk screen (the Flint River of hot adhesion, can buy from State of Washington Weyerhaeuser) and the polymer with super absorbability of the formation hydrogel of AL Thermol C (thermoplastic, as can to have bought from Denmark Grindelwald Danaklon a/s) and swellable.Preferably introduce the polymer of super absorbability, make the close surface, position of individual course from cleaning layer absorbed layer far away.Preferably with skim for example cellulose fibre (optional hot adhesion) place on the gelation polymer with super absorbability, with the increase capacity.

ⅲ. optional fixed bed

Cleaning of the present invention drags that piece is optional to have a fixed bed, and this fixed bed makes on the handle that drags piece can be connected to instrument or on the retrieving head of preferred kit.Be not suitable for and will drag piece to be fixed in those embodiments on the handle retrieving head at absorbed layer, fixed bed be necessary.Fixed bed also can be used as a kind of device and plays and prevent that liquid from flowing through cleaning and dragging the effect on piece upper surface (surface that promptly connects handle), and it also can strengthen the globality of dragging piece.The same with the situation of cleaning layer and absorbed layer, as long as can satisfy above-mentioned requirement, fixed bed can be made up of the single or multiple lift member.

In embodiment preferred of the present invention, fixed bed comprises that an energy is mechanically secured to surface on the handle retrieving head with known hook, loop technique.In this embodiment, fixed bed comprises that at least one can be mechanically secured to the surface on some hooks, and these hooks permanently are attached on the basal surface of handle retrieving head.

But in order to reach desired liquid impermeability and stationarity, the preferred lamination member that comprises for example molten blown film and fibrous non-woven constructions that utilizes.In preferred embodiments, fixed bed is a trilaminate material, wherein has one deck to melt and blows polypropylene screen between two layers of spunbond polypropylene.III. cleaning is dragged piece

Though making cleaning of the present invention at first, to drag piece be to be used for aforesaid burnisher, but cleaning is dragged the piece initial delay to absorb the ability of big quantity of fluid and is then absorbed and keep the ability of big quantity of fluid subsequently, makes it for example separate use the mop from making up the instrument made from handle.Therefore cleaning drags piece itself not to be fixed on the handle to use, thereby need not be made into the form that can be fixed on the handle.Yet being made into and both can being used in combination the form that also can be used as the stand-alone product use with handle also is very easily.Therefore can preferably drag piece with optional fixed bed preparation.Except not needing fixed bed, drag piece itself with described identical to this instrument.IV. others of the present invention and specific embodiment

In order to strengthen ability of dragging piece to remove stupid stain dregs and the amount of liquor that enhancing contacts with clean Surface, need drag in cleaning to add Web materials in the piece.Particularly when dragging piece to apply working pressure, net will be by forming reticulate pattern, durable, nonabradable material on the cleaning layer of piece and form dragging.Preferred net is positioned at very near the surperficial position that is cleaned.Therefore, the part of net as cleaning layer or absorbed layer can be added; Net also can be used as a special layers and is included in and drags in the piece, is preferably placed between cleaning layer and the absorbed layer.In a preferred embodiment, drag under the identical situation of piece X-Y dimension in Web materials and whole cleaning, the preferred Web materials that adds does not directly contact the surface that is cleaned to a great extent.This will keep dragging the ability that piece moves rapidly and help to prevent employed cleaning solution is removed uneven phenomenon on crust.Therefore, if net is the part of cleaning layer, it will be positioned at the upper strata of these parts.Certainly, the position of net in dragging piece again must be enough low, so that its wiping function to be provided.Therefore, if the part of net as absorbed layer added, it will be the lower floor of absorbed layer.In individual other embodiment, on the direct position contacting in the surface that need be placed on net and be cleaned.In this embodiment that Fig. 8 draws in detail, preferred net does not extend to the edge, front and back that cleaning is dragged piece, therefore, has avoided cleaning solution and the dissolved uneven phenomenon of dirt removal.

On putting net in position very important, net also should not hinder liquid flowing in dragging piece significantly, therefore, painted as accompanying drawing 7, net is a silk screen that hole is more.Though (pattern of the net of painting is many " rhombuses " in Fig. 7, can think, can adopt the structure of arbitrary shape.) applicant's discovery, net is except increasing the benefit in the wiping, and it also helps to drag needed beginning of piece to postpone.

The material of net is arbitrary material that can be processed to solid, as to have porous reticulate pattern silk screen, and this class material comprises polyolefin (for example polyethylene, polypropylene), polyester and polyamide etc.The technical staff can take into account, and these different materials can have different hardness.Therefore, the hardness of mesh material can be controlled, and decides on the application target that drags piece/instrument.The occasion that adds as independent one deck in net can obtain this class material (for example design number is the material of VO 1230, can buy from Minnesota State Minneapolis Conwed Plastics) from many commercial source.Adopt another kind of scheme, net can add by the method that resin or other synthetic material (for example emulsion) is printed on the matrix, for example at the people's such as flat, III of on May 17th, 1988 promulgation United States Patent (USP) 4,745, people's such as flat, the III of on March 29th, 021 and 1988 promulgation United States Patent (USP) 4, disclosed in 733,774, at this these two parts of patents are incorporated herein by reference.

Can utilize arbitrary method to drag each included layer of piece to bond together cleaning, make and drag piece in cleaning course, to have enough globalities.Can adopt any adhesive method with cleaning layer with fixed bed is bonded on the absorbed layer or make them adhered to one another, comprising using evenly continuous adhesive layer, make the adhesive layer of pattern or be arranged to the binding agent of some disjunct lines, helix or point.Adopt another kind of scheme, adhesive method can comprise hot adhesion well known in the art, pressure bonding, ultrasonic bonding, dynamic mechanically bonding or any other the suitable adhesive method or the combination of these adhesive methods.Can drag the perimeter bond (for example heat seal cleaning layer and optional fixed bed and/or mesh material) of piece round cleaning, and/or drag (being X-Y plane) bonding on whole of piece in cleaning, form pattern so that drag in cleaning on the surface of piece.For fear of each independent piece layer shear action in use of dragging,,, form an integral body dragging each layer bonding of on whole of piece cleaning being dragged piece with the method for ultrasonic bonding.

Even when exerting pressure in cleaning course, cleaning of the present invention drags piece also can keep the liquid that is absorbed.This paper is called cleaning with this and drags piece to avoid the ability of the liquid that " extruding " absorbed, or is called cleaning conversely and drags piece adding the ability of depressing the liquid that maintenance absorbs.In the experimental technique part, narrated the method for extruding of measuring.Briefly, measuring saturated cleaning drag piece when standing the pressure of 0.25psi, to keep the ability of liquid.It is about 40% that preferred cleaning of the present invention drags the extrusion capacity of piece not to be higher than, and more preferably no higher than about 25%, more preferably no higher than about 15%, most preferably is not higher than about 10% again.

Preferred burnisher of the present invention and cleaning solution are used.Cleaning solution can be made up of any known hard surface detergent compositions.Hard surface detergent compositions normally comprises the group water solution of one or more surfactants, solvent, buider, chelating agent, polymer, foam in hibitors and enzyme etc.Suitable surfactant comprises anionic, nonionic, amphoteric ion type, amphoteric and cationic surfactant.The example of the surfactant of anionic includes but not limited to linear alkylbenzene sulfonate (LAS), alkyl sulfate salt and alkylsulfonate etc.The example of nonionic surface active agent comprises alkyl ethoxylate, alkyl phenol base oxethyl thing, the poly-glucoside of alkyl, alkyl reduction grapes glucosamine and sorbitan ester etc.The example of amphoteric ionic surfactant comprises betaine and sulfobetaines.The example of amphoteric surfactant comprises the material that adopts the imidazoles chemical composition to derive, for example alkyl both sexes glycinate and alkyl imino propionate.The example of cationic surface active agent comprises primary, the second month in a season and tertiary alkyl ammonium surfactant.All above-mentioned materials all can have been bought on market, at Mai Kaqin: the emulsifying agent and the detergent first volume were once narrated them in (North America version, Mai Kaqin portion, MC publishing company, 1995).

The suitable solvent comprises the short chain (C for example of oxygen ethyl glycol, oxygen base propane diols ₁-C ₆) derivative, for example one and the diethylene glycol n-hexyl ether, one, two and tripropylene glycol n-butyl ether etc.Suitable buider comprises from inferior phosphorus source derived compounds, for example orthophosphates and pyrophosphate, and non-inferior phosphorus source, NTA for example, S, S-ethylenediamine succinic acid etc.Suitable chelate comprises ethylenediamine tetra-acetic acid and citric acid etc.Suitable polymer blend comprises anionic, cationic, zwitterionic and non-ionic polymer.Suitable foam in hibitors comprises the C of silicone polymer and straight or branched ₁₀-C ₁₈Aliphatic acid or fatty alcohol.Suitable enzyme comprises esterase, proteinase, amylase and is used for other known enzyme of dirt degradation analysis.

Be fit to comprise about 0.1% to about 2.0% straight-chain alcohol ethoxylate surfactant (Neodol1-5 for example with the cleaning solution that this instrument uses ^, can buy from Shell chemical company); About 0 to about 2.0% alkylsulfonate (Bioterge PAS-8s for example, a kind of straight chain C that can buy from Stepan company ₈Sulfonate); About 0 to about 0.1% potassium hydroxide; About 0 to about 0.1% potash or saleratus; Optional assistant agent such as dyestuff and/or spices; With about 99.9% to about 90% deionized water or demineralized water.

With reference to drawing some accompanying drawings that cleaning of the present invention is dragged piece, Fig. 2 is the perspective view that the cleaning of changeable type is dragged piece 200, and this cleaning drags piece to comprise cleaning layer 201, fixed bed 203 and the absorbed layer between cleaning layer and fixed bed 205.As noted above, though Fig. 2 draws 201,203 and 205 each layer with the form of monolayer material, one or more layers in these layers can be by two layers or multilayer overlapping composition.For example, in preferred embodiments, cleaning layer 201 is polypropylene of the combing of two plies, in its lower floor opening is arranged.In addition, though in Fig. 2, do not draw, the material that can not stop liquid flow can be placed between cleaning layer 201 and the absorbed layer 203 and/or between absorbed layer 203 and the fixed bed 205.Yet importantly cleaning layer communicates basically with the liquid of absorbed layer, drags the required absorbability of piece so that form cleaning.Though drag all each layer X of piece all identical with the size of Y dimension in the piece 200 dragging of drawing of Fig. 2, preferred cleaning layer 201 and fixed bed 205 be greater than absorbed layer, make 201 with 205 2 layers of energy along dragging the perimeter bond of piece to be in the same place, so that form an integral body.Can adopt any adhesive method, comprising using evenly continuous adhesive layer, make the adhesive layer of pattern or be arranged to the binding agent of some disjunct lines, helix or point, cleaning layer and fixed bed are bonded on the absorbed layer, or make them adhered to one another.Adopt another kind of scheme, adhesive method can comprise the hot adhesion known in the art, pressure bonding, ultrasonic bonding, dynamic mechanically bonding or any other the suitable adhesive method or the combination of these adhesive methods.Can drag the perimeter bond of piece and/or drag in cleaning on the whole surface of piece along cleaning to bond, so that on the surface of cleaning layer 201, form pattern.

Fig. 3 is the decomposition diagram that cleaning of the present invention is dragged the absorbed layer 305 of piece embodiment.Cleaning is not shown in Fig. 3 drags the cleaning layer and the optional fixed bed of piece.In this embodiment, the absorbed layer of being painted 305 is made up of the structure of three plies.The absorbed layer 305 that is shown specifically is by forming between two independent fibrous material layers 306 and 307 with the superabsorbent material of 307 independent one deck granulated gelizations of representing.In this embodiment, because layer 307 is superabsorbent materials of high concentration gelation, so above-mentioned gel blockage phenomenon does not appear in preferred superabsorbent material.In particularly preferred embodiments, fibrage 306 and 308 each layers all are the fibre substrates of cellulose fibre hot adhesion, and following fibrage 308 directly communicates with the liquid of cleaning layer (not shown).

Fig. 4 is that cleaning is dragged the cross-sectional view of piece 400, and this drags piece to have a cleaning layer 401, a fixed bed 403 and the absorbed layer 405 between cleaning layer and fixed bed.Cleaning shown in it drags piece 400 to have absorbed layer 405, and its X and Y dimension are less than cleaning layer 401 and fixed bed 403.401 and 403 2 layers of edge cleaning of therefore, being painted are dragged the peripheral adhered to one another of piece.In this embodiment, the absorbed layer of being painted 405 has two independent layer 405a and 405b, in preferred embodiments, upper strata 405a is hydrophilic polymeric foam, for example, narrated in the common unsettled U.S. Patent application of the sequence number of submitting in November 29 nineteen ninety-five is 08/563, the 866 common transfer of people such as () Dai Malei; And the 405b of lower floor is the foamed material of polymerization, for example at the United States Patent (USP) 5 of on August 27th, 1996 promulgation, narrated in the common unsettled U.S. Patent application of the sequence number of submitting on 550,167 (Dai Malei) or January 10 nineteen ninety-five is 08/370, the 695 common transfer of people such as () stones.As mentioned above, 405a and 405b can adopt two layers or multilayer single respective material to make for every layer.

Fig. 7 is the decomposition diagram that cleaning is dragged piece 600, and this drags piece to have optional Web materials 602.This Web materials of being painted 602 is a kind of special materials between cleaning layer 601 and absorbed layer 605.In another embodiment, net 602 can be to be printed on the resin on cleaning layer 601 (preferably at upper surface) or the absorbed layer 605 (preferably at lower surface) or the form of other synthetic material.Fig. 7 also draws optional fixed bed 603, and it is positioned on the absorbed layer 605.As mentioned above, if the dirt that is not easy by used cleaning solution dissolving is arranged, net can improve the cleaning action to this dirt.The structure that net 602 holes are more forms necessary liquid and communicates, so that reach desired infiltration rate and absorptive capacity between cleaning layer 601 and absorbed layer 605.Though Fig. 7 draws 601,603 and 605 each layers with the form of monolayer material again, one or more layers in these layers can be made up of two layers or multilayer.

Though Fig. 7 paints all each layers measure-alike on X and Y dimension that drags piece 600, the X of preferred cleaning layer 601 and fixed bed 603 and Y dimension size be greater than absorbed layer, make 601 with 603 2 layers can be in the same place along the perimeter bond of dragging piece 600 so that form an integral body.Also preferably Web materials 602 is measure-alike on X or Y dimension at least, so that dragging on the periphery of piece and cleaning layer 601 and fixed bed 603 bondings.When Web materials was a special layers (promptly not being printed on the matrix), this was particularly preferred.Net be by those embodiments of for example resin printing being made on matrix in, net is positioned at that to make its position that becomes the part of perimeter bond be unessential.Can adopt any adhesive method, comprising adopting evenly continuous adhesive layer, make the adhesive layer of pattern, or be arranged to the binding agent of some disjunct lines, helix or point, be bonded to cleaning layer 601, net 602 and fixed bed 603 on the absorbed layer or make them adhered to one another.Adopt another kind of scheme, adhesive method can comprise hot adhesion, pressure bonding, ultrasonic bonding, dynamic mechanically bonding or any other the suitable adhesive method or the combination of knowing in the art of these adhesive methods.Can drag the perimeter bond of piece and/or drag in whole cleaning on the surface of piece along cleaning to bond, so that on the surface of cleaning layer 601, form pattern.

Fig. 8 is the perspective view that drags piece 700 preferred embodiments, and this drags piece to comprise net 702.Fig. 8 illustrates absorbed layer 705, fixed bed 703 and cleaning layer 701, and net 702 for convenience of explanation, and cleaning layer 701 is cutd open a part.(net 702 can be a special material layer, also can be parts of cleaning layer or absorbed layer).The piece of being painted 700 that drags has the lower surface 700a and the upper surface 700b that contacts instrument of contact crust.Drag piece 700 have corresponding to two opposed side edges 700c that drag piece " X " dimension with corresponding to two relative end limit 700d that drag piece " Y " dimension.(when dragging piece 700 to be rectangle on the X-Y dimension, in use typical cleaning action generally moves on shown in arrow 710 " front and rear direction ".) as illustrated in FIG., in this embodiment preferred, net 702 extends to end limit 700d, so that can be bonded on fixed bed 703 and the cleaning layer 701 (though do not draw by this, but preferred absorbed layer 705 is shorter on X and Y dimension, so that the bonding of net, fixed bed and cleaning layer).Yet net 702 does not extend to side 700c.Net 702 was ended before side 700c, made to drag piece 700 to have 711 layers of cleaning layer 701, did not expose the reticulate pattern of net 702 on this layer, and is therefore smoother.These smooth layers 711 help removing equably crude removal/solution in cleaning process.V. testing method

A. operation under pressurization

This test is to determine to clean to drag the absorptive capacity (g/g) of piece to deionized water.Cleaning drags the side of piece to be limited under 0.09psi (about 0.6kPa) pressure of initial regulation by plunger/cylinder composition.(difference of dragging the piece sample to form according to cleaning, when sample absorbs liquid and swelling between test period, this authorized pressure may reduce a little.) purpose of experiment is the ability of assessment absorption liquid when dragging piece to be under the service condition (the level hair is inhaled also pressurization) between the actual operating period.

The test liquid of PUP capacity test is deionized water.This liquid is cleaned under approaching zero the acceptance condition of desired hydrostatic pressure and drags piece to absorb.

The device 510 that is fit to this test shown in Figure 5.End at this device is to have to cover 514 liquid storage pond 512 (for example Petri dish).Storage pond 512 is placed on generally with on the 516 analysis Libras of representing.Device 510 the other end be one generally with the sinter funnel of 518 expressions, one generally with 520 expressions be installed in the funnel 518 plunger/barrel assemblies and generally with the cylindrical plastic sinter funnel lid of 522 expressions, this lid is installed on the funnel 518, its bottom is opened wide, and the top is airtight, and a pin hole is arranged on the top.Device 510 has one two system to transfusion, this system by the flexible plastic tube of representing with 524 two sections glass fiber suction pipes representing with 531a, with 531b (for example polyethylene pipe of 1/4 inch of internal diameter and 3/8 inch of external diameter), plug valve assembly 526 and 538, be connected glass tube 524 and 531a teflon joint 548,550 and 522 and plug valve assembly 526 and 538 form.Plug valve assembly 526 by triple valve 528, capillary glass tube 530 in main liquid system and 534 and one sections be used for filling up again Chu Chi 512 and and the capillary glass tube 532 of the sintering pan of forward flushing in sinter funnel 518 form.Equally, plug valve assembly 538 is made up of triple valve 540, capillary glass tube 542 and 546 and one sections capillary glass tubies 544 that play this system's discharge opeing effect in main liquid line.

With reference to Fig. 6, assembly 520 is made up of a cylinder 554, cup-shaped plungers and the weights 558 that are installed in the plunger 556 by 556 expressions.The stainless steel cloth screen 559 of 400 meshes is fixed to the bottom of cylinder 554, before fixing, will sieves tension by two direction of principal axis.To generally drag the piece sample to be placed on the sieve 559 with the cleaning of 560 expressions, its contact surface (or wiping) layer contacts with sieve 559.It is circular that cleaning is dragged the piece sample, and diameter is 5.4cm.Though (sample 560 is plotted individual layer, and this sample is actually by the circular specimen of all each layers that drag piece to comprise to be formed, and this sample downcuts from dragging piece.) cylinder 554 is by transparent LEXAN ^Rod (or its equivalent) boring is made, and its internal diameter is 6.00cm (area=28.25cm ²), the about 5mm of wall thickness, highly about 5cm.Plunger 556 is teflon cup-shapeds, and it is installed in the cylinder 554 by the processing of tight fit tolerance.Processing cylindrical shape stainless steel weight 558 is installed in the plunger 556 in the tight fit mode, adorns a handle (not shown) at its top, so that move.The gross weight of plunger 556 and weight 558 is 145.3g, and this is equivalent to 22.9cm ²Pressure on the area is 0.09psi.

In occasion by Huaihe River, the area school flow of sinter funnel 518, the size of installing 510 parts, the flow that makes under the hydrostatic head of 10cm the deionized water by this device is 0.01g/cm at least ²/ second.The special factor that influences flow is the internal diameter of permeability, glass tube 524,530,534,542,546 and 531a and plug valve 528 and 540 of sintering pan in the sinter funnel 518.

Storage pond 512 is positioned to be analyzed on the Libra 516, and this Libra is accurate to 0.01g at least, and it drifted about less than 0.1g/ hour.Preferably Libra is connected on the computer with software, this software can (ⅰ) begin at the fixed time the variation of monitoring Libra weight down at interval from the PUP test, test begins automatically when (ⅱ) being set in weight change 0.01-0.05g, looks the sensitivity of Libra and different.Putting in capillaries 524 in the Chu Chi 512 should neither contact its bottom and also not contact its top cover 514.Liquid (not shown) volume in storage pond 512 should be enough to make air not to be inhaled in the capillary 524 in the mensuration process.When measuring beginning, the liquid level of Chu Chi 512 should be lower than the about 2mm of sintering pan top surface in the sinter funnel 518.This can slowly flow back in the Chu Chi 512 and confirmed by a droplets of liquid being placed on the sintering pan and monitoring it with gravimetry.When placing plunger/barrel assemblies 520 in the funnel 518, this liquid level should not take place to change significantly.The diameter of Chu Chi should (for example～14cm) consequently the caused liquid level of discharge～40ml liquid changes less than 3mm enough greatly.

Before mensuration, assembly is full of deionized water.The sintering pan of forward flushing in sinter funnel 518 makes this funnel be full of fresh deionized water.As far as possible from the basal surface of sintering pan with funnel and the system that is connected of storage pond deaeration steep.Start threeway plug valve according to the order of sequence and carry out following operating procedure:

1. in sinter funnel 518, remove (for example emitting) excess liq on the sintering pan upper surface.

2. solution height/Chu Chi 512 weight are adjusted to suitable liquid level/weight.

3. sinter funnel 518 is placed on the suitable height in relative storage pond 512.

4. cover sinter funnel 518 with sinter funnel lid 522 then.

5. the valve on plug valve assembly 526 and 538 528 and 540 is in when being communicated with the position, makes Chu Chi 512 and sinter funnel 518 reach balance.

6. valve-off 528 and 540 then.

7. rotating valve 540 then makes funnel be communicated with discharging tube 544.

8. make this system balance 5 minutes on this position.

9. then valve 540 is screwed to the closed position.

Step 7-9 be the surface that makes sinter funnel 518 be in～carry out of short duration " drying " under the little hydrostatic siphonage of 5cm.Stretch out～5cm and be full of deionized water if manage below the height of 544 the sintering pan of openend in sinter funnel 518, just can use this siphonage.Usually in this step operation from system discharge～0.04g liquid.In the time of in plunger/barrel assemblies 520 places sinter funnel 518, this step operation prevents to absorb in advance deionized water.The liquid measure (the correction weight that is called sinter funnel, or " Wffc ") of in this step operation, discharging in the sinter funnel) be under the condition that does not have plunger/barrel assemblies 520, to carry out PUP test (seeing below) in 20 minutes) measure.By all liq that this step is got rid of in the sinter funnel, when the test beginning, reuptaked by this funnel basically at once.Therefore, must between the PUP test period, from the liquid weight that discharge in the storage pond, deduct this and revise weight.

The cross cutting sample 560 of a circle is put in the cylinder 554.Slip into plunger 556 in the cylinder 554 and be positioned at cleaning and drag on the top of piece sample 560.Plunger/barrel assemblies 520 is placed on the top of funnel 518 sintering part, and weight 558 is slipped in the plunger 556, covers the top of funnel 518 then with sinter funnel lid 522.After the stable reading of checking Libra, open valve 528 and 540 funnel 518 and storage pond 512 are coupled together, begin test.Under the situation that test begins automatically, when funnel 518 begins to reuptake liquid, begin to collect data immediately.

In 1200 seconds total times (20 minutes), press time interval record data.The PUP absorptive capacity is following to be determined:

t ₁₂₀₀Absorptive capacity (g/g)=(Wr _(t=0)-Wr _(t=1200)-Wffc)/the Wds formula in, t ₁₂₀₀Absorptive capacity is to drag the capacity (g/g) of piece after 1200 seconds, Wr _(t=0)Be to restrain the weight in the storage pond of representing 512, Wr before the test beginning _(t=1200)Be the weight of testting the storage pond of representing with gram when beginning back 1200 seconds 512, Wffc is the correction weight of sinter funnel, and Wds is the dry weight that cleaning is dragged the piece sample.Use the t that measures sample with quadrat method subsequently ₃₀And t ₉₀₀Absorptive capacity is in the equation above except adopting Wr _(t=30)And Wr _(t=900)(storing up the weight in pond when promptly being respectively back 30 seconds of test beginning with 900 seconds) other is identical in addition.The t of sample ₃₀Percentage absorbs absorbability by [t ₃₀Absorptive capacity]/[t ₁₂₀₀Absorptive capacity] * 100% calculating.

B. extrude

Cleaning drags piece to be in working pressure following time to have the ability that keeps liquid, and therefore the ability of avoiding liquid to extrude is another important parameter of the present invention.By being determined under 0.25psi (1.5kPa) pressure liquid measure that is absorbed from the sample with Hitman's filter paper, determine that whole cleaning drags the extrusion capacity of piece.Sample to the capacity that reaches capacity by level hair suction (particularly inhaling by the surface hair of being made up of cleaning layer or contact surface layer that drags piece) deionized water is extruded.(sequence number of submitting in October 13 nineteen ninety-five is 08/542, in the U.S. Patent application of 497 people such as () Dell a kind of method that obtains saturated sample is called the level hair and inhales gravimetry (Horizontal GravimetricWicking method), be introduced into as a reference at this.) sample that will contain liquid flatly is placed in the device that relevant pressure can be provided, preferred employing can provide the air bag of equally distributed pressure on whole specimen surface.Report extrusion capacity with the experimental liquid weight that per unit wet sample weight loses.

Claims (14)

1. burnisher comprises:

A. handle; With

B. the cleaning of a changeable type is dragged piece, comprising:

ⅰ. a cleaning layer; With

ⅱ. an absorbed layer;

It is characterized in that cleaning the t that drags piece ₃₀The percentage absorbability is not more than drags piece t ₁₂₀₀10% of absorptive capacity, t ₁₂₀₀Absorptive capacity is that every gram cleaning is dragged piece 5g deionized water at least.

2. the burnisher of claim 1 is characterized in that cleaning the t that drags piece ₃₀The percentage absorbability is not more than cleaning and drags piece t ₁₂₀₀5% of absorptive capacity preferably is not more than 2%, more preferably no more than 1%.

3. the burnisher of claim 1 is characterized in that cleaning the t that drags piece ₁₂₀₀Absorptive capacity is that every gram cleaning is dragged piece 10g deionized water at least, preferred 20g at least, more preferably 30g at least.

4. each burnisher of claim 1-3 is characterized in that cleaning drags piece also to comprise a fixed bed, and its feature also is absorbed layer between cleaning layer and fixed bed, and preferred fixed bed comprises liquid-tight material.

5. each burnisher of claim 1-4 is characterized in that cleaning layer and absorbed layer are that liquid directly communicates.

6. each burnisher of claim 1-5 is characterized in that cleaning and drags the extrusion capacity of piece under 0.25psi to be not more than 40%, preferably is not more than 25% under 0.25psi.

7. each burnisher of claim 1-6 is characterized in that handle comprises a retrieving head of at one end going up, and drags piece to be fixed to device on the handle cleaning but it is characterized in that retrieving head comprises with delivery mode.

8. each burnisher of claim 1-7 is characterized in that cleaning drags piece also to comprise net.

9. burnisher comprises:

A. handle is comprising a retrieving head of at one end going up; With

B. the cleaning of a changeable type is dragged piece, comprising:

ⅰ. a cleaning layer;

ⅱ. one is the absorbed layer that liquid directly communicates with cleaning layer; With

ⅲ. a liquid-tight basically fixed bed;

It is characterized in that cleaning the t that drags piece ₃₀The percentage absorbability is not more than cleaning and drags piece t ₁₂₀₀5% of absorptive capacity, t ₁₂₀₀Absorptive capacity is that every gram cleaning is dragged piece 20g deionized water at least.

10. each burnisher of claim 1-9 is characterized in that the superabsorbent material that absorbed layer comprises is selected from gelation polymer and the hydrophilic absorbent polymeric foam with super absorbability.

11. the burnisher of claim 10, the weight calculating that it is characterized in that pressing absorbed layer, absorbed layer comprises at least 20% superabsorbent material.

12. a cleaning is dragged piece, comprising:

A. cleaning layer; With

B. absorbed layer;

It is characterized in that cleaning the t that drags piece ₃₀The percentage absorbability is not more than cleaning and drags piece t ₁₂₀₀5% of absorptive capacity, t ₁₂₀₀Absorptive capacity is that every gram cleaning is dragged piece 5g deionized water at least.

13. the cleaning of claim 11 is dragged piece, it is characterized in that cleaning the t that drags piece ₁₂₀₀Absorptive capacity is that every gram cleaning is dragged piece 20g deionized water at least.

14. the cleaning of claim 12 or 13 is dragged piece, it is characterized in that the described piece that drags also comprises net.

Images