CN1237480C

CN1237480C - Unidirectional counter

Info

Publication number: CN1237480C
Application number: CN01822584.5A
Authority: CN
Inventors: E·布尔吉
Original assignee: Landis and Gyr AG
Current assignee: Landis and Gyr AG
Priority date: 2000-12-15
Filing date: 2001-11-28
Publication date: 2006-01-18
Anticipated expiration: 2021-11-28
Also published as: DE50114404D1; BRPI0116149B1; EP1346317B1; ATE410749T1; AU2002215168A1; DE10062807C2; EP1346317A1; DE10062807A1; WO2002048957A1; CN1489749A; BR0116149A

Abstract

The invention relates to a unidirectional counter comprising a driven worm gear (1) and a least one numerical display (3), driven by the rotation of the worm gear (1). The worm gear (1) is connected to a first system gear (8) by means of a first ratchet-pawl system (6, 7a, b). Said first ratchet-pawl system (6, 7a, b) comprises at least a first pair of pawls (7a, b) with two connected pawls (7a, b) working in tandem. Furthermore a reverse gear (10) may be driven by the worm gear (1), which is connected to a second system gear (14) by means of a second ratchet-pawl system (12, 13a, b). Said second ratchet-pawl system (12, 13a, b) comprises a second pair of pawls (13a, b) with two connected pawls (13a, b) working in tandem. According to the invention, an exact as possible totalisation and display of used energy units even on a change in direction may be achieved, whereby at least one pawl (7a, b, 13a, b) on each of the first and second ratchet-pawl systems (6, 7a, b; 12, 13a, b) are in the engaged position, pointing towards a ratchet tooth (6, 12), or are in direct contact with a ratchet tooth (6, 12).

Description

Unidirectional counter

Technical field

The present invention relates to the counter field, more particularly, relate to unidirectional counter, it might bi-directional drive, turns to expression with unidirectional.

Background technology

The design of unidirectional counter is to be used for adding up and indicating for example water, the amount of infeeding of gas or electric energy or consumption.Unidirectional counter is specially adapted to ammeter, especially the Roberto Ferraris ammeter.Below, the invention of being submitted to concentrates on the use of unidirectional counter on the Roberto Ferraris ammeter, but this does not get rid of the use of others, for example air feed or water supply.

In the Roberto Ferraris ammeter, a rotating disk mechanism is driven by line voltage distribution, and current drain then drives counting mechanism.This counting mechanism can be included in digital drum or digital disk or the pointer that rotates before the fixed index dial.Just in case all mistakenly with correct direction counter-rotating, the traditional unidirectional counter that is between rotating disk mechanism and the indication piece can be converted into correct direction to incorrect turning to, and constantly adds up and demonstration in the rotation of rotating disk mechanism and counting mechanism itself.As US.4, described in 352,979, with the pawl system both direction of rotating disk mechanism is turned to usually to be converted into the unidirectional of digital drum mechanism and to turn to.Present disclosure specification has been narrated a kind of unidirectional counter, and wherein a pawl mechanism is driven by gear drive.Drive first or second neutral gear with hook tooth and depend on turning to of pawl mechanism.In this case, first or second neutral gear provides correct accumulative total to point to by some other gears.

Many different parts that can reference count mechanism are as a shortcoming of a kind of like this prior art mechanism.In addition, this counting mechanism requires two termination erecting frames to be in the space between antetheca and the parallel rear wall, because four with in the same way or counter-rotational parts all be placed in the single rotating shaft with adjoining mutually, be driving gear, dog mechanism and have first and second neutral gears of hook tooth.Single-termination axle erecting frame is mysterious, because axle is had bigger static torque influence.

In addition, if pawl mechanism rotates and breaks away from unstable or stable equilibrium state, static torque just acts on counting mechanism even must extraneous driving.With regard to clock, this means that pawl mechanism leaves a moment of or six-o ' clock position at ten two, do not having static torque can to occur under the extraneous situation about driving yet.Like this, even it is generally acknowledged and can not adopt that promptly periodic variation turns under the situation of conversion, must there be certain influence in unbalanced pawl mechanism to slewing rate, so that may indicate obvious incorrect consumption.

Summary of the invention

Therefore, the objective of the invention is to further develop the unidirectional counter of more than one alleged types, it is more accurate that it is compared with described prior art, especially aspect the approximate identification (being that conversion turns to) immediately of duplicity operation.Correct detection consumption and the correct accumulative total consumption project of focusing on of the present invention.

And, the objective of the invention is to make the counting mechanism of a balance, thus no static torque more accurate, have the different parts of smaller amounts and install easier.Except two common termination erecting frames the space between antetheca and the parallel rear wall, the best single-termination of this counting mechanism is installed, and in other words, installs on antetheca or rear wall.According to counting mechanism of the present invention, it is used for more miniaturization and can be according to the velocity deviation that is subjected to electromagnetic effect that turns to conversion compensation transmission rotating disk mechanism on relatively.

For achieving the above object, the invention provides a kind of unidirectional counter, it has a driven worm gear and one or more digital indicator by the worm gear rotating drive, wherein this worm gear is connected with first system's gear through the first ratchet pawl system, wherein, the described first ratchet pawl system comprises first pair of pawl, and the one in front and one in back work of the pawl of these two connections with arranging, reverse gear of described worm-gear driven, and this reverse gear is to be connected with second system's gear through the second ratchet pawl system, the described second ratchet pawl system comprises second pair of pawl, and the pawl of these two connections is worked in tandem, and one or more pawls of each first and second ratchet pawl system all be on the ratchet direction will position engaged or directly with ratchet engagement, a plurality of hook tooths are configured on first cylindrical parts of worm gear, first pair of pawl is configured on first system's gear, a plurality of hook tooths are configured on second cylindrical parts of reverse gear, second pair of pawl is configured on second system's gear, first system's gear is connected by neutral gear with second system's gear, and first pair of pawl is to dispose with second pair of pawl opposite phase.

The present invention also provides other favourable conversion.

The present invention includes: two ratchet pawl systems that are connected with neutral gear by worm gear are configured in the counting mechanism adjacent to each other, these two ratchet pawl systems are different is that they separately only can be spontaneously and turn to engagement in one effectively, i.e. clockwise direction or counterclockwise.

By a pair of pawl and related hook tooth of ratchet pawl system, counting mechanism of the present invention compared with prior art, if turning to of gear unit changes incorrect then can very fast commutation.Even to control, turn to periodic change to be directed at ratchet pawl system by an engagement to the approximate directly commutation of another ratchet pawl system, to such an extent as to the counting mechanism reading continues to be driven and unidirectional accumulative total uninterruptedly with not allowing.

This ratchet pawl system should be understood that a kind of mechanism, thereby and in this mechanism pawl on parts, do not mesh with the hook tooth engagement of another rotary part or because of counter steer and dally to the rotation of direction.

Used herein worm gear should be understood that the connection from counting mechanism to a transmission worm screw on meaning, this is very common in the rotating disk mechanism of Roberto Ferraris ammeter.Digital drum directly drives and is produced by so-called neutral gear.It is generally acknowledged that this neutral gear is never important to essence of the present invention.Even the engineering specialist of a counting mechanism its do not have invention could be also fully can need not this neutral gear.

With regard to two ratchet pawl systems, essential characteristic of the present invention is that in all cases, one or more pawls are in the position of engagement or directly follow a hook tooth engagement with the direction of hook tooth.This conclusive advantage can find out that turn to change if the transmission snail is defended, at this moment it does not mesh from the approximate spontaneous engagement ability of ratchet pawl system.Do not mesh and be in when idle running in ratchet pawl system, pawl interacts as rocking arm with respect to anti-hook tooth, is pushed and the hook tooth position of engagement by this, for having an always ingear position in these two pawls at least.

This proves a special advantage, if two pairs of pawls on two system's gears are configured to opposite phase and therefore rotate with opposite phases.This means that second pair of pawl when second system's gear is in six-o ' clock position, first pair of pawl of first system's gear is in the position of twelve-hour.As a result, when two system's gears by the neutral gear coupling rotated, the torque that acts on the two system's gears that pawl is arranged on the neutral gear was all offset completely.Thereby the configuration of this balance makes all positions all not have torque, and this position is the result of balanced arrangement itself and works as counting mechanism and pause, and when promptly static, just works.

Another advantage of counting mechanism of the present invention be dispose very tight because this worm gear and first system's gear or reverse gear and second system's gear are all coaxial on an axis.Therefore the bending moment between axle is all very little, or even the single-termination erecting frame.This erecting frame is also very simple and implement to take few.

And compared with prior art, this counting mechanism adopts less different parts, and this is the key element that reduces the cost.

A special advantage is, by the suitable apolegamy of gear ratio between the neutral gear of the system's gear that connects between worm gear and the reverse gear or with reverse gear and actuation indicator reading, make between the forward of counting mechanism and the reverse drive same consumption is had different rotating speed.If, with regard to identical electrisity consumption, one rotating disk mechanism because electromagnetism former rotate forward faster than the backward rotation of being controlled, for example very simply just can carry out the speed correction by above-mentioned gear ratio so as the digital drum reading of counting mechanism correctly forward rotary mode can follow incorrect reverse mode equally fast.

Description of drawings

Accompanying drawing has been represented some embodiment in a schematic way simply.Gear turns to shown in representing with arrow.

Fig. 1 is the expansion diagrammatic sketch that has the counting mechanism of the present invention that reading digital drum and a transmission snail defend;

Fig. 2 is the cut-open view of the counting mechanism of B-B ' line intercepting in Fig. 1;

Fig. 3 a, 3b, 3c are another cut-open views of the counting mechanism of B-B ' line intercepting in Fig. 1.

Embodiment

Figure 1 shows that the sectional stretch-out view of a unidirectional counter.The meaning of launching is that the axle of all counting mechanisms is all in one plane drawn, even if in fact they are not to dispose in such a way.In order to understand that direct geared engagement of counting mechanism, promptly drive mutually, add two among the figure and

link arrow

22 and 23.

Counting mechanism shown in Figure 1 is the drum type, for for simplicity, only draws a digital drum indicator 3 among the figure, but represents that the mutual disposed adjacent of a plurality of drums is on same axis.This counting mechanism is fit to the specific consumption or the operational throughput of accumulative total and public utilities such as indication electric power, coal gas or water.Below, focus on electric energy accumulative total and indication, the particularly consumption of B.O.T.U..The present invention never should simplify institute's pattern of describing and showing, because do not breaking away under the essence of the present invention, any other use of counting mechanism can be imagined and draws.This also is the prerequisite with the digital drum explanation; Do not breaking away under the present invention's design, digital disk or the preceding pointer of dish at quarter replace digital drum's crop rotation indication imagination to obtain.

Counting mechanism of the present invention is driven by transmission worm screw 20, engages (not shown) coaxially with a common rotating disk mechanism.Fig. 2 illustrates the configuration of transmission worm screw 20 with counting mechanism with Fig. 1, Figure 2 shows that the cut-open view of a B-B ' line intercepting in Fig. 1.This transmission worm screw 20 is counterclockwise to drive the worm gear 1 in the first spur gear transmission mechanism 2.With spur gear transmission mechanism 2 coaxial worm gears 1 is column type parts 5.The inwall of these column type parts 5 provides a plurality of hook tooths 6, and the outer wall of while column type parts 5 has another second spur gear transmission mechanism 9 of worm gear 1.

This second spur gear transmission mechanism 9 rotates reverse gear 10 clockwise direction ground, and reverse gear 10 is driven by spur gear transmission mechanism 18.This spur gear transmission mechanism 18 is at cylindrical member 11 outer walls of reverse gear 10, cooperates with hook tooth 12 on the inwall of cylindrical member 11.With pawl 13b engagement, and the swivel bearing on pawl 13b and the system's gear 14 makes up one of in these hook tooths 12.Another pawl 13a is installed on system's gear 14 equally rotatably and pawl 13a and 13b are configured to interact.

Because a pawl 13b is with hook tooth 12 engagements, this system's gear 14 similarly clockwise rotates.What be connected with spur gear transmission mechanism 16 on the system gear 14 is a neutral gear 4, and this neutral gear 4 directly drives digital drum 3.This neutral gear 4 is counterclockwise driven and digital drum 3 is driven by clockwise direction.

As long as worm gear 1 counterclockwise rotates, transmit a pair of pawl 7a of another system's gear 8 at the hook tooth 6 of cylindrical parts 5 inwalls, 7b, so that these interactive pallet 7a, 7b just can alternately rotate with 6 engagements of one of them hook tooth together with the ratchet-gear wheel 6 of worm gear 1.Another one system gear 8 connects neutral gear 4 and so and clockwise direction rotation of rotation counterclockwise by the spur gear transmission mechanism 15 that fits together.

When worm gear 1 rotates with counter clockwise direction, the ratchet pawl system 6 between worm gear 1 and system's

gear

8,7a, 7b has been ready to engagement, so that if worm gear 1 changes direction to the clockwise direction (not shown), one or more pawl 7a, 7b can be at once with hook tooth 6 engagements.In this case, this worm gear 1 and system's gear 8 will turn clockwise.Therefore, this neutral gear 4 will be rotated counterclockwise with digital drum 3 and turn clockwise.At this moment, this reverse gear 10 counterclockwise rotates, so the pawl 13a of system's

gear

8, and 13b only transmits with alternately rotating through hook tooth 12 and meshes.

Essence of the present invention is two

ratchet pawl systems

6,7a, and 7b, 12,13a, having only a system among the 13b is engagement and another one is forever to prepare engagement.Two ratchet pawl systems 6 of configuration in a counting mechanism, 7a, 7b, 12,13a, 13b can be when worm gear each time 1 changes direction, spontaneous and simple commutation.Therefore, the accumulative total and the reading of energy consumption are provided very exactly.

Compared with prior art, counting mechanism of the present invention comprise the few different parts of quantity, make produce and assembly expenses cheap.Install simple and quick because whole counting mechanism is installed in an only side of space wall.

Fig. 2 and Figure 3 shows that worm gear 1 is with correct counter clockwise direction rotation one whole circle.From Fig. 2, the first ratchet pawl system 6 between worm gear 1 and first system's

gear

8,7a, 7b are at six-o ' clock position, and the second ratchet pawl system 12 between reverse gear 10 and the second system's

gear

14,13a, 13b are ten two positions.If worm gear 1 changes to correct counter clockwise direction, the first

ratchet pawl system

6,7a, 7b move on to nine o ' clock positions, and the second

ratchet pawl system

12,13a, 13b move on to the three position, shown in Fig. 3 a.Can also see among the figure that leading pawl 7a has forwarded the pawl 7b engagement of preparing and transmitting the adjacent of a hook tooth 6 and lagging behind to, after this, how leading pawl 7a makes hysteresis pawl 7b forward the preparation engagement to by transmitting another ratchet 6 immediately, for simplicity, not shown in the figures.

Fig. 3 b and Fig. 3 c displaying in fact clearly the first ratchet pawl system 6,7a, how 7b forwards the three position and the second ratchet pawl system 12 to from the twelve-hour position, 13a, how 13b forwards nine o ' clock positions to from six-o ' clock position.It should be noted that the first ratchet pawl system 6 especially in Fig. 2 and order shown in Figure 3,7a, 7b be with respect to the second

ratchet pawl system

12,13a, and 13b disposes with opposite phase.This means, two

ratchet pawl systems

6,7a, 7b, 12,13a, 13b is with anti-phase through all positions in the circle mutually.This conclusive advantage does not have static torque exactly, and torque is produced by geometric configuration, act on to connect two

ratchet pawl systems

6, and 7a, 7b, 12,13a is on the neutral gear of 13b.From static torque, this balanced arrangement can make ratchet pawl system be ready to engagement automatically when turning to change.

The feature of another modification of the present invention is when turning to when forward mode becomes reverse mode, and the rotating speed of counting mechanism can be very different simply, and therefore certain consumption is arranged.Experience shows that for proper operation, rotating disk mechanism demonstrates a calibration speed of setting in one direction, if but be transformed into when reverse, this rotating disk mechanism can show the different speed of operation with correct situation, therefore, certain consumption is arranged.

The present invention addresses this problem very simply, the gear ratio of forward and reverse gear is suitably cooperated, yet this does not clearly illustrate.Suitable way is that the gear ratio with the transmission spur gear gear train 18 of the spur gear transmission mechanism 9 of worm gear 1 and reverse gear 10 is set at 1 to less than 1 with the gear ratio of the spur gear transmission mechanism 16 of the spur gear transmission mechanism 15 of first system's gear 8 and second system's gear 14 is set at 1 to less than 1.If rotating disk correctly turns to rotational speed faster with incorrect turning rate, the present invention can also do suitable cooperation to gear ratio, is very simple because above-mentioned one of them gear ratio is adjusted into greater than 1.Simultaneously can imagine that also the quantity with interactive pawl in each ratchet pawl system is increased to more than 3 or 3, make possibility increase like this with the hook tooth engagement.Therefore the present invention can make coordination when doing incorrect change turning to, and makes the possibility of engagement be able to perfect.

The label contrast

1 worm gear

2 the first spur gear transmission mechanisms on 1

3 digital drums

4 idler gears

5 cylindrical parts on 1

6 hook tooths on 1

7a, the 7b a pair of pawl on 8

8 first system's gears

9 the second spur gear transmission mechanisms on 1

10 reverse gears

11 cylindrical parts on 10

12 hook tooths on 10

13a, the 13b a pair of pawl on 14

14 second system's gears

15 spur gear transmission mechanisms on 8

16 spur gear transmission mechanisms on 14

The inwall of 17 cylindrical parts 5

18 at 10 li spur gearing

The inwall of 19 cylindrical parts 11

20 transmission worm screws

21 space walls

22 coupling parts

23 coupling parts

Claims

1. unidirectional counter, it has a driven worm gear (1) and one or more digital indicator (3) by worm gear (1) rotating drive, wherein this worm gear (1) be through the first ratchet pawl system (6,7a, 7b) be connected, it is characterized in that with first system's gear (8):

---the described first ratchet pawl system (6,7a, 7b) comprise first pair of pawl (7a, 7b), and the pawl of these two connections (7a 7b) one in front and one in back arranges ground work,

---described worm gear (1) drives a reverse gear (10), and this reverse gear (10) be through the second ratchet pawl system (12,13a 13b) is connected with second system's gear (14),

---the described second ratchet pawl system (12,13a, 13b) comprise second pair of pawl (13a, 13b), and the pawl of these two connections (13a 13b) works in tandem, and

---each first and second ratchet pawl system (6,7a, 7b, 12,13a, one or more pawls 13b) (7a, 7b, 13a, 13b) all being on ratchet direction (6,12) will position engaged or directly with ratchet (6,12) engagement,

A plurality of hook tooths (6) are configured on first cylindrical parts (5) of worm gear (1), the first pair of pawl (7a 7b) is configured on first system's gear (8),

A plurality of hook tooths (12) are configured on second cylindrical parts (11) of reverse gear (10), the second pair of pawl (12a b) is configured on second system's gear (14),

First system's gear (8) is connected by neutral gear (4) with second system's gear (14), and the first pair of pawl (7a, 7b) with second pair of pawl (13a, 13b) opposite phase configuration.

2. unidirectional counter according to claim 1 is characterized in that, the hook tooth (6) of worm gear (1) is configured on the inwall (17) of first cylindrical parts (5).

3. unidirectional counter according to claim 1 is characterized in that, the hook tooth (12) of reverse gear (10) is configured on the inwall (19) of second cylindrical parts (11).

4. according to any one described unidirectional counter in the claim 1 to 3, it is characterized in that worm gear (1) and first system's gear (8) are with arranged coaxial.

5. according to any one described unidirectional counter in the claim 1 to 3, it is characterized in that reverse gear (10) and second system's gear (14) are with arranged coaxial.

6. according to any one described unidirectional counter in the claim 1 to 3, it is characterized in that worm gear (1) and reverse gear (10) are with configured in parallel.

7. according to any one described unidirectional counter in the claim 1 to 3, it is characterized in that the gear ratio between the spur gear transmission mechanism (9) of worm gear (1) and the passive spur gear transmission mechanism (18) of reverse gear (10) is to equal 1.

8. according to any one described unidirectional counter in the claim 1 to 3, it is characterized in that the gear ratio between the spur gear transmission mechanism (9) of worm gear (1) and the passive spur gear transmission mechanism (18) of reverse gear (10) is not equal to 1.

9. according to any one described unidirectional counter in the claim 1 to 3, it is characterized in that the gear ratio between the spur gear transmission mechanism (16) of the spur gear transmission mechanism (15) of first system's gear (8) and second system's gear (14) is to equal 1.

10. according to any one described unidirectional counter in the claim 1 to 3, it is characterized in that the gear ratio between the spur gear transmission mechanism (16) of the spur gear transmission mechanism (15) of first system's gear (8) and second system's gear (14) is not equal to 1.