CN1236299C - Fiber compressive and flexural property measuring method and device - Google Patents
Fiber compressive and flexural property measuring method and device Download PDFInfo
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- CN1236299C CN1236299C CN 200310109512 CN200310109512A CN1236299C CN 1236299 C CN1236299 C CN 1236299C CN 200310109512 CN200310109512 CN 200310109512 CN 200310109512 A CN200310109512 A CN 200310109512A CN 1236299 C CN1236299 C CN 1236299C
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a method and a device for measuring the compressing and bending performance of fiber, particularly to a method and a device for measuring cotton, hair, threads, hemp, chemical fiber, other high performance fiber or fibriform substances. The present invention can use a force displacement measuring mechanism composed of a high precision micro-force sensor, a multifunctional upper gripping head and a lower clamp holder capable of moving horizontally and vertically to obtain data, such as stress of the head end of fiber, axial strain of the fiber, etc., and the present invention can simulate the puncture effect of the skin of a human body. An optical system is adopted to realize that the deformation of the fiber under the axial pressure is converted into a digital image so as to be input into a computer and processed, variables of fiber fineness, held length, flexibility, curvature of points, displacement, etc. are obtained, the data is collected in real time by a computer, and measured parameters are controlled. A theoretical model and algorithm software are used for fast measuring strain curves, such as real-time pressure, flexibility, fiber bending forms, etc., correlated character parameters, etc. The present invention is suitable for the measurement of the bending performance of the axial compression of the protuberant fiber of which the diameter is from 5 to 200 mum and the length is from 1 to 25mm, and the tension measurement of the fiber of which the length is from 0 to 150mm.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to be applied to the measuring method of textile comfort property, fiber properties and quality of production control, be specially adapted to compression, the bending of cotton, hair, silk, fiber crops, chemical fibre and other high-performance fiber or fibrous material, the method and the device of tensile property measurement.
Background technology
The thing sense of touch comfortableness of textile is the wearing comfort key factor, and particularly to hair or bast fiber fabrics, when wearing, consumer regular meeting has scratchy or the puncture sense, causes that physiology and psychology are uncomfortable, chooses and use attitude and change.
Because the complicacy of the neural sensation of human body, subjective estimate method is that enterprise and testing agency main method commonly used has three kinds at present.1. animal electricity polar stimulation experiment: to zoopery, this method is closely similar with the neural sensation corpusculum of neural sensation corpusculum of animal and human body, as the prerequisite of experimental evaluation by electrode or metal needle spread effect for it.But human experimentation is not demarcated, and promptly difference is not assert therebetween, and the correlativity or the pure research of human body electro photoluminescence and fabric puncture, does not also have practical result.2. forearm test: choose different fabric sample, be sewn into the forearm that sleeve is through at the testee, the tester puts on rubber gloves and pats gently on this fabric or move around, and the testee provides the evaluation of prodding and itching feeling and degree at the impression of different fabrics.The fabric prodding and itching feeling that experimental data produced when proving the forearm experiment test and wearing has good anastomose property, and more external condition influences and measured's subjectivity influence property is big but test result is subjected to a certain extent.3. try evaluation on: in the time limit scope of regulation, try on, provide opinion rating then respectively.Feasible on this law theory, but the practical operation difficulty is very big, it is big to test required sample size, the testing cost height, and test period is long.
Objective examination method has been carried out effective trial abroad.1. membrane process: under certain pressure, the fiber of fabric face can stay impression on polytetrafluoroethylene film, and it is relevant that the researchist thinks that the depth and the fiber of these impressions produce the required stressed size of impression, estimates the scratchy degree of fabric according to the film impression.Can solve its objective evaluation by image processing and analysis in theory, but not see practical report.2. the fiber that adopts the laser counter measurement to stretch out: WRONZ (New Zealand wool research organization) adopts the laser counter of oneself developing to test the filoplume that stretches out from fabric.This method has only been considered the radical of fiber, has ignored the thickness of fiber, and the order regular meeting of therefore playing prodding and itching feeling conflicts.3. improved audio devices: this improved audio devices is similar to the disc machine, and the fabric that is cut into circle is placed in does uniform rotation on the disk, and the relative linear velocity of probe and cloth cover is 12cm/s, experiences the flecition power of fiber when probe is stirred fiber.The high and low position of probe can be regulated according to fabric.The pulse signal that probe obtains is by the amplifier amplification and be counted the device record.The situation that this method is considered is too simple, does not all separate because the filoplume of fabric face is the root root, and some filoplume tied up in knots, some filoplume are ring-shaped fiber, if probe passes in the middle of this type of filoplume, can cause erroneous judgement.4. stir method: the mode that the The University of Shga Prefecture of Japan adopts unidirectional point to stir fiber bending is measured the bendind rigidity of fiber, because of its skew of stirring load(ing) point makes measured data values discrete excessive.And imposed load is the side direction acting force, so this method only can be expressed fiber bending, can't characterize the puncture of fiber.
Ultimate fibre axial compression performance is that reflection fabric face filoplume causes the most direct and scratchy Fundamentals, and when fabric contacted with skin, under little pressure effect, human body skin mainly was the filoplume effect with certain rigidity and hardness with contacting of fabric; During big pressure, filoplume flattening, the warp of fabric tissue, latitude floating-point constitute seating surface.To the former, the filoplume of fabric is the main support thing, produces four kinds of contact forms.Therefore, simulation puncture, scraping process and force value thereof are directly prediction and effective evaluation fiber contact the prodding and itching feeling that produces with human body skin keys.
Summary of the invention
In view of existing Comfort Evaluation to textile is that subjective estimate method or objective examination's method all exist deficiency.For this reason, the invention provides a kind of measuring method and system and device that is used for fiber bending compression performance, make it can simulate different fabric face filoplume puncture processes and translation and scrape and be pulled through journey, and change with power value in the skin contact process.The invention solves small force measurement and when realizing that precision, fibre morphology are accurately observed synchronously, solved since the difficulty that tiny and effective fiber needle of fiber prepares with and combination technique and problems such as computer sampling, calculating and analysis software.
Conclusion according to above-mentioned " simulation puncture process predicts that directly fiber is the key of energy effective evaluation to the human body skin contact power value that produces " analysis.In view of the above, apparatus of the present invention are mainly used to measure compression, bending and the composite behaviour measurement thereof of fiber under responsive to axial force.
About fiber axial compressive force, amount of deflection form families and kinetic measurement principle and method as follows:
(1) at fiber axis in the bending compression process, not only measure force of compression value and axial displacement, deflection metrology and each point curvature and lateral displacement measurement are finished in the image analysis by fibre morphology is changed simultaneously.
(2) by to fiber force of compression value and the analysis of amount of deflection continually varying in the axial compression BENDING PROCESS, calculate the index of reflection fiber bending compression performances such as modulus in compression, bendind rigidity, crooked yield point.
(3) adjustment is finished the static state of fiber and dynamically puncture measurement and tensile, compressive, bending multiple measurement to the action time and the mode of action of textile fibres bending compression.
(4) adopt the fiber level that level pressure power or level pressure condense when moving to move, finish that fiber is scraped, the wiping effect is measured.
A kind of the be used for method of fiber bending compression performance measurement and the basic design of device of the present invention:
(1), adopts fenestration papery sample preparation template for the ease of dress sample and measurement.According to the length of required fiber needle, stick on double faced adhesive tape on the crosspiece of template, be pasted on the double faced adhesive tape fiber is parallel again with stretching, cut on the dotted line by being parallel to the double faced adhesive tape direction, one group of fiber needle of equal in length; Or cut off with double faced adhesive tape is angled, one group of fiber needle of length graded; Also can cut off at twice, get one group of fiber needle that the length step changes; Or, promptly obtain the ultimate fibre pin again along cutting off with fiber axis parallel direction dotted line.
(2) the micro-force measurement mechanism by being made of high precision Micro-force sensor, semi-girder, multi-functional upper grip and lower gripper finishes micro-force measurement.Multi-functional upper grip is replaceable.Lower gripper can be done level, vertical moving and rotation, obtains data such as fiber axial compressive force value and displacement.
(3) the shape measure mechanism by forming by light source, condenser, diaphragm, object lens and CCD camera and pointolite, finish centering, focusing and the measurement of illumination, imaging fiber, obtain fiber bending still image and fiber translation deformation dynamics image under the ultimate fibre axle pressure, and hand dipping and automatic fibre fineness, the variation parameters such as gripping length, amount of deflection and each point curvature of calculating.
(4) in the signal processing system, dynamometric system is made up of force transducer and displacement transducer (being angular displacement or time regulator) output signal and corresponding collection, amplification, analog to digital conversion, pre-service, storage, output block and functional block; By the imaging system that is made of image collection card and basic image processing unit, the data transmission of finishing pressure-displacement curve and amount of deflection-displacement curve is connected with computing machine.
(5) computer processing system by forming by data acquisition and computing module, parameter setting and control module and control and transmission module, finish processing, demonstration and the preservation of control, adjusting and pressure-displacement curve and the amount of deflection-displacement curve of measurement course of action, image is observed to handle with image and is preserved the measurement of point, line, distance and analysis.
The method of a kind of fiber bending compression performance measurement of the present invention and the main composition of device:
The one, sample preparation:, adopt fenestration papery sample preparation template for the ease of dress sample and measurement.According to the length of required fiber needle, paste on the crosspiece with template with double faced adhesive tape, be pasted on the double faced adhesive tape fiber is parallel again with stretching, cut on the dotted line by being parallel to the double faced adhesive tape direction, one group of fiber needle of equal in length; Or cut off with double faced adhesive tape is angled, one group of fiber needle of length graded; Also can cut off at twice, get one group of fiber needle that the length step changes; Or, can obtain the ultimate fibre pin again along cutting off with fiber axis parallel direction dotted line.Adopt this method also can be under the certain condition of length, in order to the relatively compression of the fiber of different fineness.
The 2nd, fiber holding end design: the method that filamentary lower end adopts inserted mode vertically to grip, its primary screw usefulness that fixes; The upper grip surface film can be changed different materials, with the effect of simulated skin surface micropore, as selects superpolymer or sand paper for use.
The 3rd, accurate sample bench jacking system: by the setting program and the driving circuit of computing machine, control micromotor and gear train, guarantee that sample bench is done vertically and the accurate of level moved, and change translational speed, reach the speed of effective controlling fiber deflection and fiber application of load and load shedding.
The 4th, optical imaging and image acquisition measuring system: comprise light source, condenser, diaphragm, object lens, CCD camera and auxiliary point light source and have the computing machine of imgae processing software.Directly convert the fiber head end simulation form image that amplifies to digital image by digital camera, reduce the distortion of picture intelligence to greatest extent; Adopt the IEEE1394 interface to be used for the data transmission digital image of digital ccd signal and computing machine; Handle obtaining image by computing machine, and carry out fiber head end morphometry and calculating.
The 5th, force measuring system: the electric signal that force transducer slowly changes because of stressed gained, very faint (comprising) and change the electric signal that acting force produced slowly, could utilize the A/D conversion to convert analog voltage signal to digital voltage signal after must amplifying through temperature compensation, filter amplification circuit to static action power.Carry out needing in the transfer process digital signal is read in computer software in analog quantity and digital signal, before this, at first need to set the scope of input voltage and the relation of numeral output, specify then and select input port, provide the order of A/D conversion beginning, after the confirmation signal conversion, numeral is read in calculator memory.
The 6th, critical powerful calculating: according to Euler depression bar model, when load p during near the critical value of a determined value, amount of deflection infinitely increases.Therefore during the fiber axial force, if fibre length is compared very big then unstability very easily with diameter, fiber only can be because of crooked rather than directly compress.Usually fiber axis must cause scratchy stimulation to compressed format.It keeps compressed format relevant with length, thickness and the rigidity of pricker.And most forms of fiber puncture are crooked.
The device action principle of said method: computer settings parameter at first, return to zero and compensate control, lower gripper is driven by micromotor and begins to do upward movement, and little power changes through sensor output analog voltage, converts digital voltage signal input computing machine to by A/D; Deformation under the first ultimate fibre of CCD microimaging simultaneously is stressed is converted into digital image input computing machine and carries out data processing and calculating.By above-mentioned flow process, obtain variablees such as fiber amount of deflection, length and fineness thus, and pressure-displacement curve and amount of deflection-displacement curve.The computer control driving circuit makes micromotor drive accurately the moving of vertical and level of sample platform jacking system, and the adjusting translational speed, reaches the speed of controlling fiber deflection and fiber application of load and load shedding effectively.
A kind of method and device that is used for fiber bending compression performance measurement of the present invention, the calculation of parameter of the theoretical model that it is built is as follows:
One end of fiber is fixed on the lower chuck (or upper grip), and the other end becomes free straight configuration, and along with the excelsior motion of lower chuck, (or down) chuck is gone up in the fiber contact, is compressed effect.Because the outstanding length of tested fiber is shorter, or the own rigidity of fiber big (as ramee), therefore, Zuo Yong fiber needle can think that an end fixes by compression, and the other end is the depression bar model freely, and its corresponding critical load is
Orbicular least moment of inertia is I=π r
4/ 4, because the transversal section of flaxen fiber is not positive circle, when fiber bending,, when therefore calculating the critical load of fiber, need to introduce cross sectional shape coefficient η always to its direction bending of easy bending
f, therefore
In the formula: E-depression bar elastic modulus; I-depression bar xsect least moment of inertia; The M-moment of flexure; L-depression bar length; S-depression bar area of section; N
tThe line density of-fiber; η
f-cross sectional shape coefficient is established in formula (2)
Then
As fitting a straight line slope K in the accompanying drawing 9, can try to achieve the fiber bending modulus
When the conpressed fibers pin, fiber needle begins to be pure compression under the effect of axle pressure, because unbalance bending does not take place fiber.Therefore, the slope that begins rising part (ab section) by the bending compression curve in the accompanying drawing 7 can be tried to achieve modulus in compression E
e, promptly
In the formula, dP/dZ-force of compression value is with respect to the derivative of displacement, and (dP/dZ) max is the maximum slope value; L
0The outstanding length of-fiber needle; N
tThe line density of-fiber needle; The cross-sectional area curve peak of A-fiber needle is the critical pressure force, promptly maximum puncture force, and its value is emergent pressure P
MaxWhen pressure surpasses this emergent pressure, the depression bar buckling failure.
Experiment 1: as shown in Figure 8, try to achieve the slope value of this straight line, K=0.0209 by the linear fit equation; By the flaxen fiber section morphology analyze the cross sectional shape coefficient value of fiber, η
f≈ 0.8; Density value ρ=1.85 of fiber, with its substitution formula (3), calculating the average crooked E modulus of ramee is 2469.1cN/cm
2
Experiment 2: as a in the accompanying drawing 9, b, c, d is respectively that average fineness (public) is 1432,1618,1866,2072 flaxen fiber, its emergent pressure P
MaxValue is respectively 0.0823,0.0774,0.0731,0.0728mN; Average modulus in compression E
eFor: 2209.3cN/cm
2Simultaneously, its compression curve has been verified the proportional relation of fiber needle axial compression brute force with fibre fineness.
The present invention is achieved by the following technical solutions:
1. obtain fiber samples by the sample preparation template---fiber needle;
2. for reducing air flow and the influence of vibration to measuring, fiber axis is measured in the chamber at one to the whole measuring process of compression performance and is finished its step:
A, choose multi-functional compression and use chuck and chuck film surface simulation material thereof and adjust method of clamping; Lower gripper is finished fiber needle and is gripped.
B, by measuring the observation of the magnifier that studs with on the positive openable panel in chamber, the center of guestimate fiber needle X-axis.
C, drive through gear train by Computer Processing control micromotor that the lower gripper that is positioned on the sample platform is vertically done to rise, descending motion, finish the fiber needle axial bending; Move by the left and right of lower gripper horizontal direction, finish the sliding friction under the fiber needle case of bending.
D, by the rolling disc on the manual lower gripper and by the X axis guide rail on the manual fine-tuning lower gripper make lower gripper along X-direction move horizontally with the manual fine-tuning lower gripper on Y-axis to guide rail lower gripper is moved horizontally along Y direction, make fiber needle axis centering and with plane of bending perpendicular to light path; Make simultaneously light by light source through condenser, diaphragm, fiber needle, object lens or the centering of directly on same axis, finishing light path and sample fiber pin to the CCD camera; Become fiber needle bending compression simulated image to convert digital image to institute by analog to digital conversion, machine is handled and is measured, calculates flexural deformation and amount of deflection as calculated.
E, by force transducer, the simulating signal that little small value force of the free contact jaw of kinetic measurement fiber needle changes is temperature compensated, filtering and amplifying circuit and analog to digital conversion, imports Computer Processing and is for data processing.
F, Computer Processing are carried out data processing according to given theoretical model and algorithm, draw the pressure-displacement curve and the amount of deflection-displacement curve of fiber needle compression deformation; Image processing and above-mentioned curve numerical value solve the fiber needle fineness, grip length, amount of deflection, compression, bending modulus, critical force of compression value and stress distribution in the binding fiber pin compression process.
Below be to carry out the method that tensile fiber is measured:
For reducing the influence of air vibration to measuring, the whole measuring process that tensile fiber is measured is measured in the chamber at one and is finished its step:
The high and low position of a, setting Micro-force sensor, changing stretches uses upper grip, adjusts method of clamping, and lower gripper is finished fiber needle and is vertically gripped, and carries out fiber needle stretching measurement.
All the other b～f part is identical with fiber bending compression performance measurement step.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 a kind of fiber compression, crooked, stretching device structural principle synoptic diagram of being used for of the present invention.
Fig. 2 sample platform lifting translation control kinematic train block diagram.
Fig. 3 pointolite and X, Y-axis intersection location synoptic diagram.
Fig. 4 sample preparation template and specimen preparation synoptic diagram.
Fig. 5 data acquisition and control system block diagram.
Fig. 6 measures control flow chart.
Fig. 7 fiber axis is to the compression theory curve map.
Powerful P of Fig. 8 maximum compression and N
t 2/ L
2Graph of a relation.
Fig. 9 different length different fineness fiber compression curve figure.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing the present invention is further described.
A kind of method that is used for fiber bending compression performance measurement of the present invention:
1. obtain fiber samples by sample preparation template 43---fiber needle 41;
2. for reducing air flow and the influence of vibration to measuring, fiber axis is measured in the chamber 1 at one to the whole measuring process of compression performance and is finished its step:
A, choose multi-functional compression and use chuck 32 and chuck film surface simulation material 33 thereof and adjust method of clamping; Lower gripper 5 is finished fiber needle 41 and is vertically gripped.
B, by measuring the observation of the magnifier 13 that studs with on the 1 positive openable transparent panel of chamber, the center of guestimate fiber needle 41X axle.
C, drive the lower gripper 5 that is positioned on the sample platform 6 by Computer Processing 9 control micromotors 61 through gear train and vertically does rising, descending motion, finish fiber needle 41 axial bendings; Move by the left and right of lower gripper 5 horizontal directions, finish the sliding friction under fiber needle 41 case of bendings.
D, by the rolling disc on the manual lower gripper 5 54 and by the X axis guide rail 52 on the manual fine-tuning lower gripper 5 make lower gripper 5 along X-direction move horizontally with manual fine-tuning lower gripper 5 on Y-axis to guide rail 53 lower gripper 5 is moved horizontally along Y direction, make fiber needle 41 axis centerings and with plane of bending perpendicular to light path; Make simultaneously light by light source 71 through condenser 72, diaphragm 73, fiber needle 41, object lens 74 or the centering of directly on same axis, finishing light path and sample fiber pin 41 to CCD camera 75; Become fiber needle 41 bending compression simulated images to convert digital image to institute by analog to digital conversion 82, machine is handled 9 and is measured, calculates flexural deformation and amount of deflection as calculated.
E, by force transducer 21, the simulating signal that little small value force of kinetic measurement fiber needle 41 free contact jaws changes is temperature compensated, filtering and amplifying circuit 81 and analog to digital conversion 82, input Computer Processing 9 is for data processing.
F, Computer Processing 9 are carried out data processing according to given theoretical model and algorithm, draw the pressure-displacement curve and the amount of deflection-displacement curve of fiber needle 41 compression deformations; Image processing and above-mentioned curve numerical value solve fiber needle 41 fineness, grip length, amount of deflection, compression, bending modulus, critical force of compression value and stress distribution in binding fiber pin 41 compression processes.
For reducing air flow and the influence of vibration to measuring, the whole measuring process of tensile fiber measurement performance is measured in the chamber 1 at one and is finished its step:
Set the high and low position of force transducer 21, change multifunctional stretching with upper grip 22, adjust method of clamping, lower gripper 5 is finished fiber needle 41 and is vertically gripped, and carries out fiber needle 41 stretchings and measures.Its subsequent operation is identical with bending compression performance measurement method step.
A kind of device that is used for fiber bending compression performance measurement:
Stud with observable magnifier 13 for reducing on air flow and vibration the positive openable transparent panel at one to the measurement chamber 1 of measurement influence; Measure and to be provided with in the chamber 1 by mainly comprising: power measuring mechanism 2, multi-functional upper grip 3, lower gripper 5, optical imaging system 7, analog signal processing 8 and Computer Processing 9 and one are made up of by sample platform 6 parts of micromotor 61 gear trains drive computer control.
A, power measuring mechanism 2 are by force transducer 21 and with the multi-functional upper grip 3 of its flexible connection be positioned at lower gripper 5 rotatable on the sample platform 6, that move and constitute.
B, optical imaging system 7 are reached at the pointolite 76 with X, the setting of Y-axis angle by light source 71, condenser 72, diaphragm 73, object lens 74, CCD camera 75 and constitute.
C, analog signal processing 8 are by forming through collection and temperature compensation, filtering, amplifying circuit 81, analog to digital conversion 82 and pre-service, storage, output block and functional module 83 through the force transducer 21 of dynamometric system, the simulating signal of displacement transducer 20 outputs.
D, Computer Processing 9 are made up of data acquisition and computing module (91), parameter setting and control module (92) and control and transmission module (93).
A kind of device that is used for the fiber compression energy measurement, it scribbles color with tested fine pin 41 complementations measuring chamber 1 inwall; Force transducer 21 is high precision Micro-force sensors of a kind of cantilever beam structure; Multi-functional upper grip 3 comprises removable stretching upper grip 31 and compression upper grip 32 and chuck film 33 thereof; Lower gripper 5 is formed to guide rail 53 and rolling disc 54 by lower chuck 51 with the manual fine-tuning mechanism X axis guide rail 52 and the Y-axis of its interlock; Displacement transducer 20 functions are to realize with cooperating of computer clock controller by micromotor 61 running numbers; Pointolite 76 is 30～60 ° with X, Y-axis angle.
A kind of device of fiber compression energy measurement, it is a black measuring the color that chamber 1 inwall scribbles with tested fiber needle 41 complementations; Pointolite 76 is 45 ° with X, Y-axis angle.
A kind of device of fiber compression energy measurement, its chuck film 33 adopts superpolymer, sand paper.
The main performance index of apparatus of the present invention:
| Measurement range | 0～10gf |
| Measuring accuracy | ±0.005mN |
| The linearity (standard deviation) | ±0.005mN |
| The Applicable temperature scope | 0～40℃ |
| Lower gripper traverse measurement error (X, Z axle) | ± 0.005mm (vibration that no influence power is measured) |
| Lower platform translational speed (X, Z axle) | 1～600mm/min (adjustable) |
| Lower chuck Y-axis fine setting moving range and precision | 0～10mm；±0.01mm |
| 360 ° of rotations of lower chuck | Stepless |
| The maximum traverse of lower gripper | 100mm |
| The upper grip dibit is provided with | Distance of positions 90mm up and down |
| Optical system is amplified (high power observation) | 200 times, depth of field 5mm |
| The low-power field diameter phi | 〉=20mm, precision 5 μ m |
| The image display resolution | 0.5 μ m (every millimeter 2,000 point) |
| Single fiber diameter | 5～200μm |
| Ultimate fibre is given prominence to |
1～25mm |
Method and device that fiber compression of the present invention, bending, tensile property are measured are applicable to the measurement of cotton, hair, silk, fiber crops, chemical fibre and other high-performance fiber or fibrous material.Can be applicable to the evaluation of textile comfort property, fiber press, bend, draw the measurement of characteristic and produce in quality control.
Pass through the theoretical model of building and algorithm software real-time compressive stress-strain curve can be provided fast; Amount of deflection-strain curve; Fiber bending form and relevant feature parameters.This systemic-function is strong, can survey fiber tensile, compressive, bending performance and model deformation feature; Applied range can be used for fibrous mechanical property and measures, fabric filoplume and the comfortable evaluation of fabric sense of touch, and the fiber process quality control etc.; The measuring accuracy height, the result accurately and reliably.Because native system adopts computer control transmission, image and data acquisition, and have institute's established model and software, therefore the present invention not only have easy and simple to handle, automaticity is high, friendly interface and a machine one are surveyed the advantage of many indexs, and has the degree height that quantizes, the fast characteristics of data processing.Can measure fast axial compression and bending property that diameter 5～200 μ m, outstanding length are 1～25mm fiber.And can be after replacing with chuck clamping form and position, (0～25mm) clamping stretching is measured and is long apart from (0～150mm) clamping stretching measurement to finish short distance.
Claims (7)
1, a kind of method of fiber bending compression performance measurement is characterized in that:
1. obtain fiber samples-fiber needle (41) by sample preparation template (43);
2. measure lining, chamber (1) at one and finish following operation:
A, choose compression with upper grip (32), chuck film (33) surface simulation material with adjust method of clamping; Lower gripper (5) is finished fiber needle (41) and is gripped;
B, by measuring the observation of the magnifier (13) that studs with on the positive openable panel in chamber (1), the center of guestimate fiber needle (41) X-axis;
C, by Computer Processing (9) control micromotor (61), drive the lower gripper (5) that is positioned on the sample platform (6) through gear train, vertically do to rise, descending motion, finish fiber needle (41) axial bending; Move by the left and right of lower gripper (5) horizontal direction, finish the sliding friction under fiber needle (41) case of bending;
D, by hand rotation and the fine setting translation lower gripper (5), make fiber needle (41) axis centering and with plane of bending perpendicular to light path; Simultaneously, make light by light source (71), fiber needle (41), object lens (74) or directly to CCD camera (75) on same axis, finish the centering of light path and sample fiber pin (41); Convert fiber needle (41) the bending compression simulated image that is become to digital image by analog to digital conversion (82), machine is handled (9) and is measured, calculates flexural deformation and amount of deflection as calculated;
E, by force transducer (21), the simulating signal that little power value of the free contact jaw of kinetic measurement fiber needle (41) changes is through collection and temperature compensation, filtering and amplifying circuit (81) and analog to digital conversion (82), input Computer Processing (9) is for data processing;
F, Computer Processing (9) are carried out data processing according to given theoretical model and algorithm, draw the pressure-displacement curve and the amount of deflection-displacement curve of fiber needle (41) compression deformation; Image processing and above-mentioned curve numerical value solve fiber needle (41) fineness, grip length, amount of deflection, compression, bending modulus, critical force of compression value and stress distribution in binding fiber pin (41) compression process.
2, the method for fiber bending compression performance measurement as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: set the high and low position of force transducer (21), change and stretch with upper grip (31) the adjustment method of clamping, lower gripper (5) is finished fiber needle (41) and is gripped, and carries out fiber needle (41) stretching and measures.
3, the method for fiber bending compression performance measurement as claimed in claim 1 or 2, it is characterized in that: by fenestration papery sample preparation template (43), according to required fiber needle (41) length, stick on the crosspiece of template (43) with double faced adhesive tape (42), again parallel the stretching of fiber is pasted on the double faced adhesive tape (42), cut on the dotted line, get fiber needle (41).
4, a kind of device of fiber bending compression performance measurement is characterized in that: stud with observable magnifier (13) for reducing air flow and vibration to measuring on the positive openable transparent panel in measurement chamber (1) that influences at one; Measure and to be provided with in the chamber (1) by comprising that mainly power measuring mechanism (2), multi-functional replaceable upper grip (3), lower gripper (5), optical imaging system (7), analog signal processing (8) and Computer Processing (9) and one partly are made up of by the sample platform (6) of micromotor (61) gear train drive computer control;
A, power measuring mechanism (2) are by force transducer (21) and with the multi-functional replaceable upper grip (3) of its flexible connection be positioned at sample platform (6) and go up lower gripper (5) formation rotatable, that move;
B, optical imaging system (7) are reached at the pointolite (76) with X, the setting of Y-axis angle by light source (71), object lens (74), CCD camera (75) and constitute;
C, analog signal processing (8) are by forming through collection and temperature compensation, filtering, amplifying circuit (81), the analog to digital conversion (82) of force transducer (21), displacement transducer (20) output simulating signal;
D, Computer Processing (9) are made up of data acquisition and computing module (91), parameter setting and control module (92) and control and transmission module (93).
5, the device of fiber bending compression performance measurement as claimed in claim 4 is characterized in that: inwall scribbles the color complementary with tested fiber needle (41) in measurement chamber (1); Force transducer (21) is a kind of high precision Micro-force sensor of cantilever beam structure; Multi-functional replaceable upper grip (3) comprises stretching uses upper grip (31) and compression upper grip (32) and chuck film (33) thereof; Lower gripper (5) is formed to guide rail (53) and rolling disc (54) by lower chuck (51) with the manual fine-tuning mechanism X axis guide rail (52) and the Y-axis of its interlock; Displacement transducer (20) function is to realize by micromotor (61) running number and cooperating of computer clock controller; Pointolite (76) is 30～60 ° with X, Y-axis angle.
6, as the device of claim 4 or 5 described fiber bending compression performance measurements, it is characterized in that: measure chamber (1) inwall scribble with the complementary color of tested fiber needle (41) be black; Pointolite (76) is 45 ° with X, Y-axis angle.
7, the device of fiber bending compression performance measurement as claimed in claim 5 is characterized in that: chuck film (33) adopts superpolymer, sand paper.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 200310109512 CN1236299C (en) | 2003-12-17 | 2003-12-17 | Fiber compressive and flexural property measuring method and device |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN 200310109512 CN1236299C (en) | 2003-12-17 | 2003-12-17 | Fiber compressive and flexural property measuring method and device |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN101451934B (en) * | 2008-12-09 | 2011-01-05 | 江苏大学 | Fine dried noodle bending and breaking rate measuring method and determinator based on axial compression amount |
| CN101446528B (en) * | 2008-12-25 | 2011-02-02 | 大连理工大学 | Method for establishing two-dimensional random pore model of fiber reinforced composite |
| CN101650282B (en) * | 2009-09-09 | 2011-09-07 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Method and device for measuring monofilament fiber compression performance |
| CN101788426A (en) * | 2010-03-04 | 2010-07-28 | 河北科技大学 | Device for testing axial compressibility of fiber material |
| CN102508058B (en) * | 2011-10-10 | 2014-10-15 | 东华大学 | Micro-scale holding device for measuring radial conductivity and compressibility of single fiber |
| US9182330B2 (en) * | 2013-07-20 | 2015-11-10 | The Boeing Company | Apparatus, system and method for compression testing of test specimens |
| CN103471650B (en) * | 2013-08-28 | 2016-04-06 | 东华大学 | To cop friction pilling form and taking out force measurement mechanism and method |
| CN105259039A (en) * | 2015-11-12 | 2016-01-20 | 北京大学 | Micro-force testing system based on cantilever beam and testing method of micro-force testing system |
| CN110965160B (en) * | 2019-12-09 | 2021-04-02 | 东华大学 | Yarn pressing device capable of displaying pressure state of yarn pressing rod in real time |
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