CN1234975C - Molding pressed quench method and apparatus for automobile clutch metal disks accessory - Google Patents
Molding pressed quench method and apparatus for automobile clutch metal disks accessory Download PDFInfo
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- CN1234975C CN1234975C CN 200310112649 CN200310112649A CN1234975C CN 1234975 C CN1234975 C CN 1234975C CN 200310112649 CN200310112649 CN 200310112649 CN 200310112649 A CN200310112649 A CN 200310112649A CN 1234975 C CN1234975 C CN 1234975C
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a method widely used for the shaping, the press quenching and the processing of disk sheets of an automobile clutch, such as steel or alloy steel diaphragm springs, damping disks, etc. and a press quenching mould. A special press quenching mould with an inner liquid spraying and cooling system is combined with a press quenching machine (comprising a pressure machine, a quenching liquid spraying system and an auxiliary table top) into a press quenching system, a shaping working procedure and a quenching working procedure of metal parts, such as the disk sheets heated to quenching temperature are finished under a certain pressure state, and two working procedures are instantly completed in the same mould. Part shapes are completely matched with the mould, shaping deformation and quenching deformation are avoided, and a quenching technology is finished with high quality.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to automobile clutch disc metalloid method of processing parts and equipment, be specifically related to a kind ofly utilize the processing method of pressing the mould of quenching once to finish clutch pads moulding such as diaphragm spring, damping disk(-isc) and quenching two procedures, and press the mode structure of quenching.
Background technique
Automobile clutch is the critical component that transmits the car engine mechanomotive force, and operation is frequent in vehicle traveling process.For the running state that guarantees that clutch is good, planeness to clutch driven disc assembly and pressing plate assembly has proposed higher requirement, and the assembly planeness mainly is by the decision of the accuracy to shape (planeness) of clutch pads metalloid part in manufacture process.Because metal partss such as diaphragm spring, damping disk(-isc) can not adopt grinding process to improve its planeness after moulding, thereby are a more unmanageable problem in manufacture process always.
Traditional processing method is to finish molding procedure on punching equipment, behind heat-treatment quenching, uses the tempering anchor clamps and carry out shaping in drawing process, sees shown in the accompanying drawing 1.This traditional processing technology has significant disadvantages:
1, the machining accuracy of part is difficult to guarantee
Because the planeness fitness for purpose of metal partss such as diaphragm spring, damping disk(-isc) is in 0.15mm, maximum can not surpass 0.2mm; The moulding angular error of diaphragm spring can not be greater than ± 10 '.High like this technical requirements is difficult to guarantee according to traditional processing technology, causes therefore that up-to-standard rate is no more than 50% in the production practices.In addition, in case after this class part moulding, if do not reach required precision, can't improve element precision by shaping once more, can only or press off standard and handle as maintenance and repair parts, unserviceablely can only do to scrap processing, bring very big influence to quality of product and business economic benefit.
2, the process time long, power consumption is big, the cost height
Because the part deformation that produces when in drawing process, needing correcting quenching, thereby must adopt the tempering anchor clamps.Owing to adopted the tempering anchor clamps, needed to drop into more human and material resources in the course of working.In clamping process, need operator's slices clamping (as: the damping disk(-isc) tempering needs a slice workpiece a slice grip separation ground clamping), heat tracing in the tempering furnace of packing into after the clamping, the clamping of pressurizeing once more when coming out of the stove could blocks ofly dismantle, check after cooling.Owing to be to adopt anchor clamps to heat together, thereby holding time generally all needs just can reach the internal and external temperature unanimity more than 4 hours, and energy consumption is very big, and the technology cost of product is very high, and the time of technological process is also very long.Simultaneously, the tempering anchor clamps are owing to use under the situation about 400 ℃ for a long time, and oxidation consumption gets very fast, need often to upgrade, and also strengthened production cost.
Summary of the invention
At the problems referred to above, overcoming the cold-punching molding workpiece accuracy cannot say for sure to demonstrate,prove and the yielding difficult problem of heat-treatment quenching, the inventor has proposed when guaranteeing metal parts quenching temperature, utilize the superplastic characteristic of metal austenite, in special pressure is quenched system, adopt specialized mould to finish the operation of moulding, quenching, finish pressure shaping and the processing method and the corresponding mould of the two kinds of operations of quenching to reach disposable in mould.
For reaching above-mentioned first purpose, the technical solution used in the present invention is: a kind of automobile clutch metal disc forming parts is pressed the processing method of quenching, earlier the metal disc blank is heated to quenching temperature, then and then in a band pressure of spray coolant system quench and once finish hot-forming and quenching two procedures in the mould, wherein, utilize the austenite superelastic characteristics to carry out hot-forming earlier to the metal disc blank, the spray coolant system quenches to metal disc in opening immediately when hot compression deformation finishes, and Quenching Treatment is carried out compressing under the completed state.
The related content of such scheme is explained as follows:
1, the present invention is only applicable to the processing of clutch pads such as iron and steel class (comprising the alloyed steel class) diaphragm spring, damping disk(-isc).
2, processing method of the present invention is primarily aimed at shaping operation and the Quenching Treatment in clutch pads, about disc shaping operation technology and Quenching Treatment technology afterwards before can adopt existing known technology.Such as, in the such scheme, the metal disc blank is meant with the steel plate to be raw material, the workpiece through blanking, punching operation are made if this workpiece is in uneven thickness, also will carries out plain grinding to it and handle.After above-mentioned pressure is quenched processing, also to heat tempering etc. to metal disc according to common process.
3, in the such scheme, hold the quenching time for instant, pressure parameter when adopting matched moulds is controlled the opening and closing of quench cooling liquid spray system, when the mold clamping pressure that puts on mould when press reaches the setting pressure parameter, the control valve of spray system in opening by pressure transducer output electrical signal; When mold clamping pressure was lower than this setting pressure parameter, the control valve of spray system stopped hydrojet in the mould in pressure transducer output electrical signal was closed.Pressure parameter setting principle: guarantee that Workpiece shaping puts in place, and workpiece surface does not produce impression.
4, in the above-mentioned Quenching Treatment, press the mould of quenching that the metal disc applied pressure is comprised two kinds of situations, first kind is that pressure constantly increases, and till the pressure maximum of setting, sees shown in Figure 10ly, and G represents hot-forming district, and H represents quench zone, A
2Be the quenching starting point, the T that it is corresponding
A2For quenching the elapsed time P
1Pressure when beginning for quenching; B
2Be the quench cooling halt, the T that it is corresponding
B2For quenching the concluding time P
2Pressure when finishing for quenching.Second kind is that pressure remains unchanged, and sees shown in Figure 9ly, and G represents hot-forming district, and H represents quench zone, A
1Be the quenching starting point, the T that it is corresponding
A1For quenching the elapsed time P
1Pressure when beginning for quenching; B
1Be the quench cooling halt, the T that it is corresponding
B1For quenching the concluding time P
1Pressure when finishing for quenching.
For reaching above-mentioned second purpose, the technical solution used in the present invention is: a kind of automobile clutch metal disc forming parts is pressed the mould of quenching, and mainly is made up of upper die and lower die, positioning mandril and stage clip, wherein;
Patrix is relative with the die face of counterdie, and the profile of die face is consistent with metal disc final molding shape;
In patrix and the counterdie, one evenly is provided with guiding gutter on die face, and another evenly is provided with on die face in the guiding gutter, and pod apertures also is set in die body, and pod apertures is communicated with the guiding gutter of die face, to constitute guide channel; In case of necessity, guiding gutter can be made into other geometric shapes (such as involute shape), or the double passage that is used to dodge the workpiece surface protruding structure of doing.
Positioning mandril is positioned at the counterdie central position, and its top is provided with positioning protrusion, and the center hole of this positioning convex and metal disc matches, and the bottom contacts with stage clip, and shaft is located in the center hole of counterdie, and constitutes being slidingly matched of above-below direction with center hole.
The related content of such scheme is explained as follows:
1, in the such scheme, pod apertures is that cooling liquid imports the passage that directly contacts with workpiece in the mould.This passage can be located in the patrix, also can be located in the counterdie.Generally speaking, counterdie is fixed, and therefore patrix motion is located at guide channel in the counterdie better, but does not also get rid of the possibility that guide channel is located at patrix, so the present invention comprises both of these case from protecting angle.
2, in the such scheme, evenly spray in mould in order to guarantee cooling liquid, guiding gutter on the die face is designed to intersect intercommunication by circumferential circular groove and radially straight trough to be constituted, circular groove is from inside to outside spaced apart, straight trough is along the circumferential direction spaced apart, formed numerous flank of tooth are distributed in whole die face naturally between each guiding gutter.Pod apertures evenly distributes along every circular groove.
3, in the such scheme, in order further to improve even spray effect, can set a drain mould at the die body back side that pod apertures is set, this drain mould circumferentially evenly is provided with several cooling liquid access ports, inner corresponding access port is provided with passage, fitting surface from inside to outside is provided with some ring annular grooves, every circular groove respectively with each channel connection.When the drain mould was installed in the patrix or the counterdie back side, cooling liquid can enter in the mould more uniformly, and cooling liquid access port quantity can be determined by the required amount of cooling water of workpiece.
4, in the such scheme, for the ease of discharge opeing, establish outage, this outage and external communications at the positioning mandril center.In order to prevent that cooling liquid from spattering at patrix or counterdie die face periphery outward the mould cover is set.
The principle of the invention and as follows with the difference of tratitional technology:
1, design concept of the present invention and effect
It (is the quenching temperature state under austenitic state that the inventive method adopts, generally be higher than 10～20 degrees centigrade of metallic material critical hardening temperature) moulding, because austenite has superplastic characteristic, thereby Workpiece shaping is very easy under this temperature, can guarantee the formed precision of workpiece; Immediately in mould and under pressure state, finish Cooling Quenching operation, the generation of no quenching distortion after the moulding.Owing to thoroughly overcome the difficult problem of bounce-back of cold-punching molding accessory size and heating quenching distortion, thereby in follow-up tempering process, also need not again with anchor clamps school shape, simplified technological process, shortened process time, greatly reduce energy consumption, process time and energy consumption reduce more than 50%, and product is guaranteed all qualified, and manufacturing efficiency and economic benefit significantly improve.Most importantly, thoroughly solved the heat treatment difficult problem of puzzlement China Automobile Clutch Plate Spring for many years, for condition has been created in the production domesticization of high-gear clutch.
2, adopt the difference of processing method of the present invention and tratitional technology
(1) flow process of tratitional technology, referring to shown in Figure 1:
Plate cutting, punching be in blank → press tool under moulding → free state heating quenching → anchor clamps state down heating tempering → coming out of the stove clamps school shape once more
(2) flow process behind employing the present invention is referring to shown in Figure 2;
Plate cutting, punching → blank are heated to quenching temperature → in pressure in-molded, the quenching → heating tempering in bulk under impaction state of quenching
3, the characteristics of molding pressed quench technology of the present invention
Use the special use of hydrojet cooling system in the band and press the mould of quenching, be combined into the system of quenching that presses with the pressure machine (comprising press, quenching spray system, tall auxiliary mesa) of quenching, make the disc metalloid part that is heated to quenching temperature under certain process stage, finish moulding and quenching process, two procedures is instantaneous finishing in same mould, form and the mould of guaranteeing disc fit like a glove, and have avoided shaping and deformation and quenching distortion.
Because the technique scheme utilization, the present invention compared with prior art has following advantage:
1, the technology of the present invention reliability height.Moulding, quenching are finished simultaneously, the formed precision height, and the disc planeness can be guaranteed to be controlled in the thickness deviation scope of workpiece sheet material itself, has realized the nothing distortion moulding of workpiece; The quenching hardness good uniformity, technical performance is stable, can satisfy the product technology requirement fully, and the workpiece boundary dimension of processing can reach about φ 450mm.
2, technological process of the present invention is short, easy to operate.Because great amount of manpower and material resources has not only been saved in the two procedures unification, the automation degree of equipment height, workman's operation is also very easy, the manufacturing efficiency height.
3, the present invention is good in economic efficiency.Because after moulding is quenched, part does not have distortion, simplify follow-up tempering, only need to get final product by the tempering in bulk of general workpiece, because the thin thickness (generally being no more than 5mm) of part, generally only need be incubated 0.5 hour and just can satisfy technical requirements, thereby greatly reduce energy consumption, the technology cost only is the part of tratitional technology.Pressure mould and the pressure system equipment cost of quenching of quenching is low, is easy to make, and stable performance has high economic benefit, and is easy to apply.
Description of drawings
Accompanying drawing 1 is existing conventional machining process flow chart.
Accompanying drawing 2 is processing process figure of the present invention.
Accompanying drawing 3 is pressed the mould example structure sectional view of quenching for diaphragm spring of the present invention.
Accompanying drawing 4 is the die face view of counterdie among Fig. 3.
Accompanying drawing 5 is the plan view of drain mould among Fig. 3.
Accompanying drawing 6 is the die face view of patrix among Fig. 3.
Accompanying drawing 7 is the Automobile Clutch Plate Spring plan view.
Accompanying drawing 8 is the left view of Fig. 7.
Accompanying drawing 9 is mold clamping pressure and quenching time graph of a relation ().
Accompanying drawing 10 is mold clamping pressure and quenching time graph of a relation (two).
Accompanying drawing 11 is pressed the mould example structure sectional view of quenching for damping disk(-isc) of the present invention.
In the above accompanying drawing: 1, die holder connecting body; 2, punch set; 3, patrix; 4, mould cover; 5, positioning mandril; 6, counterdie; 7, drain mould; 8, joint; 9, seal ring; 10, die set; 11, screw; 12, pin; 13, screw; 14, screw; 15, stage clip; 16, pin; 17, screw; 18, pin; 19, diaphragm spring; 20, damping disk(-isc); 21, circular groove; 22, straight trough; 23, pod apertures; 24, circular groove; 25, straight trough; 26, circular groove.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples the present invention is further described:
Embodiment one: a kind of Automobile Clutch Plate Spring molding pressed quench processing method and the pressure mould of quenching.
One, diaphragm spring is pressed the mould of quenching
The key that realizes processing method of the present invention is to press the mould of quenching.Referring to shown in Figure 3, press the mould of quenching to form by patrix 3, counterdie 6, punch set 2, die set 10, positioning mandril 5, stage clip 15, die holder connecting body 1, drain mould 7 and mould cover 4.
Patrix 3 is relative with the die face of counterdie 6, mainly is in order to finish the moulding of diaphragm spring, and the shape of its die face is consistent with diaphragm spring final molding size design.In order to make hot-forming and the Quenching Treatment operation is disposable finishes in mould, on the die face of counterdie 6 guiding gutter is set, pod apertures 23 is set in the die body, pod apertures 23 is communicated with the interior hydrojet passage of formation with guiding gutter; On the die face of patrix 3 guiding gutter is set.Evenly spray in mould in order to ensure cooling liquid, guarantee that the hardness after diaphragm spring quenches is even, cooling liquid pod apertures and guiding gutter equably distribute on the die face, specifically: the guiding gutter on counterdie 6 die faces intersects intercommunication by circumferential circular groove 21 and radially straight trough 22 and constitutes, circular groove 21 is formed by 3, from inside to outside one enclose spaced apartly, straight trough 4mm is along the circumferential direction spaced apart, sees shown in Figure 4.Establish pod apertures 23 in the circular groove 21 of counterdie 6, and pod apertures 23 distributes evenly along every circular groove 21.Guiding gutter on patrix 3 die faces intersects intercommunications by some circumferential circular grooves 24 and straight trough radially 25 and constitutes, and circular groove 24 from inside to outside one encloses spaced apartly, and straight trough 4mm is along the circumferential direction spaced apart, sees shown in Figure 6.
Drain mould 7 evenly enters mould design for making cooling liquid, and it is close to counterdie 6 bottom surfaces, and this drain mould 7 circumferentially evenly is provided with 6 cooling liquid access ports, and access port is connected with joint 8 by seal ring 9 respectively, and spray coolant system and the pressure mould of quenching is connected.Drain mould 7 inner corresponding access ports are provided with passage, and the fitting surface of being close to counterdie 6 bottom surfaces from inside to outside is provided with 3 ring annular grooves 26, and this circular groove 26 is corresponding with counterdie 6 bottom surface pod apertures 23, and every circular groove 26 inserts channel connection with each respectively.
Positioning mandril 5 is positioned at counterdie 6 central positions, and its top is provided with positioning protrusion, and the center hole of this positioning convex and diaphragm spring matches, and the bottom contacts with stage clip 15, and shaft is located in the center hole of counterdie 6, and constitutes being slidingly matched of above-below direction with center hole.Positioning mandril 5 mainly plays guiding and supporting effect to diaphragm spring, guarantee mould automatic diaphragm spring position in mould of revising when closure, and guarantee that diaphragm spring can float off mould before moulding, the diaphragm spring of avoiding being heated to quenching temperature contacts die face too early and causes and cooling prevents quenching defect.Outage is established at positioning mandril 5 centers, and this outage is communicated with the backflow liquor collecting system.
Mould cover 4 is the members that prevent that cooling liquid from spattering outward, is fixed on the periphery of patrix 3, and its extended cover body is located at patrix 3 and counterdie 6 die face peripheries, spatters outward to block cooling liquid, sees shown in Figure 3.Punch set 2, die set 10 and die holder connecting body 1 auxiliary part are convenient to the installation and the debugging of mould.
Two, press the machine of quenching
The pressure machine of quenching is a corollary equipment of finishing the inventive method, and it forms (owing to be known technology, so do not provide diagram) by press, spray coolant system and tall auxiliary mesa.The pressure machine of quenching presses the mould of quenching to constitute a whole linked system with special use.
Three, molding pressed quench process
Earlier the diaphragm spring blank is heated to quenching temperature, and then the diaphragm spring blank is placed on the positioning convex of pressing the mould positioning mandril 5 of quenching then, breakout pressure machinery makes patrix 3 and counterdie 6 quick-makes.Originally, patrix 3 utilizes the austenite superelastic characteristics to carry out hot-forming to the diaphragm spring blank that heats with counterdie 6, when the pressure that puts on mould when press reaches the pressure parameter of setting (finished hot-forming this moment), by the control valve (as solenoid valve, electro hydraulic valve) of pressure transducer (as pressure gauge with electric contact) output one electrical signal to spray system, hydrojet is cooled off in the opening mold.Cooling liquid (being quenching medium, as the cooling wet goods) directly sprays in type diaphragm spring through pod apertures, guiding gutter, and it is carried out Quenching Treatment, and diaphragm spring is in upper and lower mould and compresses completed state in the Quenching Treatment process.Finish after the quenching process cooling liquid and flow back to storage tank through liquor collecting system and recycle, storage tank has oil-to-water heat exchanger, satisfies technological requirement with the temperature that guarantees cooling liquid.When mold open, mold clamping pressure is lower than the parameter of setting, the control valve of spray system in pressure transducer output electrical signal is closed, stop hydrojet in the mould, pressed the diaphragm spring of the moulding of quenching under stage clip 15 effects, to eject automatically, thereby in pressure is quenched mould, once finished hot-forming and the quenching two procedures by positioning mandril 5.Can be after pressure is quenched and handled to diaphragm spring heating tempering in bulk.
Embodiment two: a kind of automobile clutch damping disk(-isc) molding pressed quench processing method and the pressure mould of quenching.
One, damping disk(-isc) is pressed the mould of quenching
Referring to shown in Figure 11, press the mould of quenching to form by patrix 3, counterdie 6, punch set 2, die set 10, positioning mandril 5, stage clip 15, die holder connecting body 1, drain mould 7 and mould cover 4.Compare the die face shape that difference is patrix 3 and counterdie 6 with embodiment one.Other basic structure is identical with embodiment one, no longer is repeated in this description.
Two, press the machine of quenching
Identical with embodiment one, no longer be repeated in this description.
Three, molding pressed quench process
Identical with embodiment one, no longer be repeated in this description.
Claims (9)
1, a kind of automobile clutch metal disc forming parts is pressed the processing method of quenching, it is characterized in that: earlier the metal disc blank is heated to quenching temperature, then and then in a band pressure of spray coolant system quench and once finish hot-forming and quenching two procedures in the mould, wherein, utilize the austenite superelastic characteristics to carry out hot-forming earlier to the metal disc blank, the spray coolant system quenches to metal disc in opening immediately when hot compression deformation finishes, and Quenching Treatment is carried out compressing under the completed state.
2, molding pressed quench processing method according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: at Quenching Treatment, pressure parameter when adopting matched moulds is controlled the time of the opening and closing of quench cooling liquid spray system, when the mold clamping pressure that puts on mould when press reaches the setting pressure parameter, the control valve of spray system in opening by pressure transducer output electrical signal; When mold clamping pressure was lower than this setting pressure parameter, the control valve of spray system stopped hydrojet in the mould in pressure transducer output electrical signal was closed.
3, molding pressed quench processing method according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that: in the above-mentioned Quenching Treatment, press the mould of quenching that the metal disc applied pressure is constantly increased.
4, molding pressed quench processing method according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that: in the above-mentioned Quenching Treatment, press the mould of quenching that the metal disc applied pressure is remained unchanged.
5, a kind of automobile clutch metal disc forming parts is pressed the mould of quenching, and it is characterized in that: mainly be made up of patrix [3], counterdie [6], positioning mandril [5] and stage clip [15];
Patrix [3] is relative with the die face of counterdie [6], and the profile of die face is consistent with metal disc final molding shape;
Patrix [3] and counterdie [6] are among both, and one evenly is provided with guiding gutter on die face, and another evenly is provided with on die face in the guiding gutter, and pod apertures [23] also is set in die body, and pod apertures [23] is communicated with the guiding gutter of die face, with the formation guide channel;
Positioning mandril [5] is positioned at counterdie [6] central position, its top is provided with positioning protrusion, and the center hole of this positioning convex and metal disc matches, and the bottom contacts with stage clip [15], shaft is located in the center hole of counterdie [6], and constitutes being slidingly matched of above-below direction with center hole.
6, molding pressed quench mould according to claim 5 is characterized in that: the guiding gutter on the above-mentioned die face intersects intercommunication by circumferential circular groove and radially straight trough and constitutes, and circular groove is from inside to outside spaced apart, and straight trough is along the circumferential direction spaced apart.
7, molding pressed quench mould according to claim 6 is characterized in that: on the above-mentioned die body that guiding gutter and pod apertures be set simultaneously, pod apertures [23] evenly distributes along every circular groove.
8, molding pressed quench mould according to claim 5, it is characterized in that: the above-mentioned die body back side that pod apertures [23] is set sets a drain mould [7], this drain mould [7] circumferentially evenly is provided with several cooling liquid access ports, inner corresponding access port is provided with passage, fitting surface from inside to outside is provided with some ring annular grooves, every circular groove respectively with each channel connection.
9, molding pressed quench mould according to claim 5 is characterized in that: outage is established, this outage and external communications in above-mentioned positioning mandril [5] center; The peripheral setting of patrix [3] or counterdie [6] die face prevents the mould cover [4] that cooling liquid is spattered outward.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN 200310112649 CN1234975C (en) | 2003-12-11 | 2003-12-11 | Molding pressed quench method and apparatus for automobile clutch metal disks accessory |
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|---|---|---|---|
| CN 200310112649 CN1234975C (en) | 2003-12-11 | 2003-12-11 | Molding pressed quench method and apparatus for automobile clutch metal disks accessory |
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| CN1234975C true CN1234975C (en) | 2006-01-04 |
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Cited By (1)
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- 2003-12-11 CN CN 200310112649 patent/CN1234975C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
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| CN102292173B (en) * | 2009-01-23 | 2014-06-18 | 株式会社深井制作所 | Method for press-molding embossed steel plate |
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| Publication number | Publication date |
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| CN1546879A (en) | 2004-11-17 |
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