CN108607946A - A kind of big specification straight bevel gear study on precision forging technology - Google Patents
A kind of big specification straight bevel gear study on precision forging technology Download PDFInfo
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- CN108607946A CN108607946A CN201810416367.XA CN201810416367A CN108607946A CN 108607946 A CN108607946 A CN 108607946A CN 201810416367 A CN201810416367 A CN 201810416367A CN 108607946 A CN108607946 A CN 108607946A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21K—MAKING FORGED OR PRESSED METAL PRODUCTS, e.g. HORSE-SHOES, RIVETS, BOLTS OR WHEELS
- B21K1/00—Making machine elements
- B21K1/28—Making machine elements wheels; discs
- B21K1/30—Making machine elements wheels; discs with gear-teeth
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21J—FORGING; HAMMERING; PRESSING METAL; RIVETING; FORGE FURNACES
- B21J13/00—Details of machines for forging, pressing, or hammering
- B21J13/02—Dies or mountings therefor
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21J—FORGING; HAMMERING; PRESSING METAL; RIVETING; FORGE FURNACES
- B21J5/00—Methods for forging, hammering, or pressing; Special equipment or accessories therefor
- B21J5/002—Hybrid process, e.g. forging following casting
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21J—FORGING; HAMMERING; PRESSING METAL; RIVETING; FORGE FURNACES
- B21J5/00—Methods for forging, hammering, or pressing; Special equipment or accessories therefor
- B21J5/02—Die forging; Trimming by making use of special dies ; Punching during forging
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21J—FORGING; HAMMERING; PRESSING METAL; RIVETING; FORGE FURNACES
- B21J5/00—Methods for forging, hammering, or pressing; Special equipment or accessories therefor
- B21J5/06—Methods for forging, hammering, or pressing; Special equipment or accessories therefor for performing particular operations
- B21J5/08—Upsetting
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- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of big specification straight bevel gear study on precision forging technology, include the following steps：（One）, will process raw material is heated to 850 DEG C in electric furnace；（Two）, flat mould is placed in precision forging equipment, according to required straight bevel gear size adjusting forging press tonnage by raw material on flat-die jumping-up to required thickness；（Three）, in the state that forging press molds, upper and lower mold is heated to 350 DEG C.The forming technology of the present invention is suitable for the processing of big specification straight bevel gear, the difference of Forming Resistance when being shaped by gear different phase, by forming process again it is original it is once-forming on the basis of be divided into warm forging and cold forging and shape twice；Since Warm Forging Process different phase Forming Resistance changes greatly; in order to protect mold; Warm Forging Process is divided into and is forged and pressed three times; after improving processing technology; mold is improved; one set of die is changed to four molds, former is improved according to the motion conditions of mold different piece when processing after die improvement.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of big specification straight bevel gear study on precision forging technology, belong to the technology manufacturing field of gear.
Background technology
Gear precision forging technology refers to that gear tooth directly obtains complete tooth form by also expecting by finish forge, and the flank of tooth is not required to cut
Processing, or only need to finish i.e. workable Gear Manufacturing Technology a little.
For a long time, straight bevel gear uses metal cutting mode, technology maturation, process, but the root portion of gear
Metallic fiber is cut off so that the strength of gear teeth weakens, and machining efficiency is low, of high cost, is not suitable for producing in enormous quantities.And
Although the direct forging and molding method of tradition improves processing efficiency, reduce waste of material, but Product Precision is low, and mold is ground
Damage is serious.Compared with traditional cutting technology, gear precision forging technique can improve gear tissue, improve mechanical property；It improves
Stock utilization and production efficiency reduce production cost；Flank profil deformation when heat treatment is reduced, wearability and the engagement of tooth are improved
When stationarity, improve service life.
Common primary forging and stamping processing, cannot shape drag according to gear different phase and carry out segmental machining, mold is caused to grind
Cannot be to the gear finishing after forming when damaging seriously, and once forging and pressing, precision is not high, has overlap after causing gear to forge and press, and needs
Increase by one of machining processes and improve precision, to reduce enterprises production efficiency.
For machining low production efficiency, waste of material is serious and an excellent suitability for press forming cannot go deburring and mould in the process
Has the problem of serious wear, it is necessary to mold and processing technology are improved, caused by machining and an excellent suitability for press forming
Problem improves and improves the forming effect and quality of mold, reduces production cost, improves production efficiency, improves the forming of mold
Technique.
Invention content
The present invention goal of the invention be to provide a kind of big specification straight bevel gear study on precision forging technology, to avoid machining and
Problem caused by excellent suitability for press forming improves and improves the forming effect and quality of mold, reduces production cost, improves production
Efficiency improves the forming technology of mold.
To achieve the above object of the invention, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is：A kind of big specification straight bevel gear finish forge at
Shape technique, using flat mould by raw material jumping-up；Tooth form is processed using warm forging shaping dies；Tooth is corrected using warm forging shaping mould
Shape；Using the deflashing of cold forging finishing mold, finishing tooth form,
Specifically comprise the following steps：
（One）, will process raw material is heated to 850 DEG C in electric furnace；
（Two）, flat mould is placed in precision forging equipment, according to required straight bevel gear size adjusting forging press tonnage
By raw material on flat-die jumping-up to required thickness；
（Three）, in the state that forging press molds, upper and lower mold is heated to 350 DEG C；
（Four）, warm forging shaping dies is placed in precision forging equipment, warm forging forming terrace die moves down, when warm forging forming terrace die,
When warm forging female die for forming contacts, the second warm forging forming lower die is contacted with third warm forging forming upper mold, while under third warm forging forming
Mould is contacted with the 4th warm forging forming upper mold, and continues to move downward, and according to straight bevel gear size, punching press tonnage is arranged, obtains
Obtain the gear of roughing tooth form；
（Five）, warm forging shaping mould is placed in precision forging equipment, warm forging shaping terrace die moves down, when warm forging shaping terrace die,
When warm forging correcting die contacts, the second warm forging shaping lower die is contacted with third warm forging shaping upper mold, while under third warm forging shaping
Mould is contacted with the 4th warm forging shaping upper mold, and continues to move downward, and according to straight bevel gear size, punching press tonnage is arranged, obtains
The gear of tooth form must be corrected.
（Six）, by after warm forging gear place press machine on, intermediate shaft hole is reopened, it is true according to the straight bevel gear diameter of axle
Determine press machine and rushes shaft diameter；
（Seven）, to step（Six）Institute's workpieces processing is first cooled to room temperature, and then carries out Shot Blasting, later saponification process；
（Seven）, cold forging finishing mold is placed in precision forging equipment, by step（Seven）Treated gear punch-pin moves down with it is recessed
Mould is closed, and completes cold forging finishing；
（Eight）, by step（Seven）After processed carburizing heat treatment, processing is completed.
Preferably, the flat mould is made of flat-die punch-pin and flat-die cavity plate, according to institute's machining straight bevel gear by adopting ruler
It is very little, it adjusts forging press and forges and presses tonnage, by 850 DEG C of raw material jumping-ups to specified size.
Preferably, the warm forging shaping dies, is made of warm forging forming terrace die and warm forging female die for forming, the first warm forging forming
Mode diameters are equal to straight bevel gear shaft hole diameter, and tooth die is that the second warm forging shapes upper mold.
Preferably, the warm forging shaping mould, is made of warm forging shaping terrace die and warm forging correcting die, the first warm forging shaping
Upper mold is equal to straight bevel gear shaft hole diameter with mode diameter under the first warm forging shaping, and tooth die is the second warm forging shaping lower die.
Preferably, the cold forging finishing mold is made of cold forging finishing punch-pin and cold forging finishing cavity plate, flute profile in lower die,
It is gear non-operative end mould at model end, internal diameter is equal to corresponding model gear non-operative end axis hole outer diameter, and model end is gear work
When making, the size of gear non-working surface, the size carries out essence to the semi-finished product gear non-working surface size of warm forging finishing postcooling
It is whole.The non-model end of outer diameter is more than model end, forms ladder platform, and non-model end and model end outer diameter are equal in the second cold forging finishing
Mould corresponds to internal diameter, the two cooperation installation.Second cold forging finishing upper mold is cylinder, and internal diameter is equal to third cold forging finishing upper mold outer diameter,
Height is consistent with third cold forging finishing upper mold, and forging process are moved synchronously with third cold forging finishing upper mold, protects third cold forging
Finishing upper mold.First cold forging finishing lower die is cylinder cavity plate, and internal diameter is equal to mounting hole outer diameter during working gear requires.The mould mould
Working face correspondingly-sized when type end is working gear, the size are to carry out size finishing to the semi-finished product gear of warm forging shaping.On
End face intermediate ledge divides diameter to be equal to the corresponding model straight bevel gear diameter of axle, remaining protrusion is divided into straight bevel gear inoperative
Ground shape model.Second cold forging finishing lower die is cylinder, and internal diameter is slightly less than the first cold forging finishing lower die outer diameter, the mould outer diameter
It is identical as the first cold forging finishing outer diameter, and it is equal to third cold forging die finish internal diameter.Third cold forging finishing lower die be cylinder, internal diameter and
The one the second cold forging die finish outer diameters are equal.There is a ladder platform in outside, and when installation coordinates with corresponding component.
Preferably, the upper and lower material returned pin is the hollow cylinder among upper and lower molding pressure block, and material returned pin is in warm forging
It is blocked into upper and lower mould with some scrap in cold forging processes, are had, which can be used for clearing up the foreign matters such as scrap.
Preferably, the guide post is cylinder director element, which is connected with relocatable module, it is ensured that relocatable module is perpendicular
Histogram is to movement.
The invention also discloses a kind of big specification straight bevel gear precision forging equipment, including upper die holder, lower die holder and
The same straight bevel gear set of molds being placed between upper die holder and lower die holder,
The same straight bevel gear set of molds includes the corresponding flat mould used, warm forging respectively in gear difference process
Shaping dies, warm forging shaping mould and cold forging finishing mold,
The flat mould includes flat-die punch-pin and flat-die cavity plate, and the flat-die punch-pin includes the first flat-die upper mold, the second flat-die
Upper mold, the flat-die cavity plate include the first flat-die lower die, the second flat-die lower die,
The first flat-die upper mold is cylinder punch-pin, and the second flat-die upper mold is cylinder punch-pin, the first flat-die upper mold card
It is arranged in the second flat-die upper mold,
The first flat-die lower die is solid cylinder, and the second flat-die lower die is cylinder, and the first flat-die lower die plugs
In the second flat-die lower die；
The warm forging shaping dies includes warm forging forming terrace die and warm forging female die for forming, and the warm forging forming terrace die includes coaxially setting
The first warm forging forming upper mold, the second warm forging forming upper mold, third warm forging forming upper mold and the 4th warm forging forming upper mold set, it is described
Warm forging female die for forming includes under the first warm forging forming lower die, the second warm forging forming lower die and third the warm forging forming of coaxial arrangement
Mould,
First warm forging shapes upper mold for cylinder punch-pin, and diameter is equal to pinion mounting holes internal diameter at the model of lower end, described
First warm forging shapes upper mold clamping and is set in the second warm forging forming upper mold,
The second warm forging forming upper mold is cylinder cavity plate, tooth die is equipped at external port, the tooth proportions of tooth die are half
Compact dimensions, pinion mounting holes mould is equipped at inner port, and the second warm forging forming upper mold clamping is set to third warm forging and shapes
In upper mold,
The third warm forging forming upper mold is cylinder, and the second warm forging forming upper mold clamping is set to third warm forging and shapes upper mold
Interior, the third warm forging forming upper mold clamping is set in the 4th warm forging forming upper mold,
The 4th warm forging forming upper mold is cylinder,
The first warm forging forming lower die is solid cylinder, is equipped with protrusion part, the protrusion section diameter among end face thereon
Equal to the corresponding model straight bevel gear diameter of axle, remaining protrusion is divided into straight bevel gear inoperative ground shape model, and described the
One warm forging forming lower die is inserted in the second warm forging forming lower die,
The second warm forging forming lower die is cylinder, and inner wall upper end endface has chamfering, the second warm forging forming lower die to insert
In third warm forging forming lower die,
The third warm forging forming lower die is cylinder；
The warm forging shaping mould includes warm forging shaping terrace die and warm forging correcting die, and the warm forging shaping terrace die includes coaxially setting
The first warm forging shaping upper mold, the second warm forging shaping upper mold, third warm forging shaping upper mold and the 4th warm forging shaping upper mold set, it is described
Warm forging correcting die includes under the first warm forging shaping lower die, the second warm forging shaping lower die and third warm forging shaping of coaxial arrangement
Mould,
The first warm forging shaping upper mold is cylinder punch-pin, and the diameter at the model of end is equal to pinion mounting holes internal diameter, described
First warm forging shaping upper mold is inserted in the second warm forging shaping upper mold,
The second warm forging shaping upper mold is cylinder cavity plate, and model end is equipped with gear non-operative end mould, and second warm forging is whole
The clamping of shape upper mold is set in third warm forging shaping upper mold,
The third warm forging shaping upper mold is cylinder, and when model end works with the second warm forging shaping upper mold model end, the two is total
With gear non-operative end surface model is constituted, the third warm forging shaping upper mold clamping is set in the 4th warm forging shaping upper mold,
The 4th warm forging shaping upper mold is cylinder, and forging process are moved synchronously with third warm forging shaping upper mold, protects third
Warm forging shaping upper mold,
The first warm forging shaping lower die is solid cylinder, is equipped with the first protrusion part among end face thereon, protrudes the straight of part
Diameter is equal to the straight bevel gear diameter of axle to be processed, and the second protrusion part, the second protrusion are additionally provided in the periphery of the first protrusion part
It is divided into straight bevel gear inoperative ground shape model,
The second warm forging shaping lower die is cylinder, and internal diameter is equal to the first warm forging shaping upper mold outer diameter, under the second warm forging shaping
The size at the model end of mould is identical as the theoretical size in working gear face to be processed, and the first warm forging shaping lower die is set to described
In second warm forging shaping lower die,
The third warm forging shaping lower die is cylinder, and internal diameter is equal to the second warm forging shaping lower die outer diameter, and second warm forging is whole
Shape lower die is set in third warm forging shaping lower die；
The cold forging finishing mold includes cold forging finishing punch-pin and cold forging finishing cavity plate, and the cold forging finishing punch-pin includes coaxially setting
The the first cold forging finishing upper mold and the second cold forging finishing upper mold set, the cold forging finishing cavity plate include the first cold forging of coaxial arrangement
Finishing lower die, the second cold forging finishing lower die and third cold forging finishing lower die,
The first cold forging finishing upper mold is cylinder punch-pin, and gear non-operative end mould is equipped at the model end of end,
The second cold forging finishing upper mold is cylinder, and the first cold forging finishing upper mold clamping is set to the second cold forging finishing upper mold
Interior, forging process are moved synchronously with the first cold forging finishing upper mold, protect the first cold forging finishing upper mold,
The first cold forging finishing lower die is cylinder cavity plate, and protrusion part is equipped among the upper surface of model end, and protrusion part is straight
Diameter is equal to the gear diameter of axle to be processed, and model end upper surface periphery is additionally provided with remaining protrusion part, remaining described protrusion is divided into directly
Bevel gear inoperative ground shape model,
Second cold forging finishing lower die is cylinder, and internal diameter is less than the internal diameter of the first cold forging finishing lower die, the second cold forging finishing
Lower die outer diameter is equal with the first cold forging finishing outer diameter, and is equal to third cold forging die finish internal diameter,
The third cold forging finishing lower die is cylinder, and internal diameter and the first, second cold forging die finish outer diameter are equal, first cold forging
Finishing lower die is set to above the second cold forging finishing lower die, and the first, second cold forging die finish is set to third cold forging finishing lower die
It is interior.
Preferably, the upper die holder includes cope plate and the upper mold pressure block that is co-axially located in cope plate.
Preferably, the lower die holder includes big pressure block, lower die pressure block, floating template, compression ring, spring, pressure of floating
Power block, lower template, workbench backing plate, coaxially clamping is set in lower template the big pressure block, and the big pressure block is lower molding
Power block and compression ring support section are coaxially fixed below lower die pressure block and compression ring, and both limitations are described to up and down motion
Compression ring is set on lower die pressure block, and the lower end of the compression ring is circumferentially with step, described for fixing big pressure block
Floating template is set to above compression ring, and the floating template is connect with compression ring by slide bar, and spring is arranged on the slide bar,
It is act as accumulation of energy and buffering, lower die is set back and is set when upper and lower mould detaches by forging process by floating template energy storage,
The floating pressure block is coaxially arranged with floating template, and the outer diameter of the floating pressure block is equal to the interior of floating template installation place
The outer diameter of diameter, floating pressure block is more than the internal diameter of floating template and the outer diameter less than floating template, the height of floating pressure block are small
In the height of floating template, lower die pressure block be the first flat-die lower die, the first warm forging forming lower die, the first warm forging shaping lower die,
And first cold forging finishing lower die support section, in different forging processes limiting corresponding lower die moves downward, the spring
For pressure rings accumulation of energy and buffer portion, compression ring is installed on the slide bar that floating template connects, stores other lower dies（Except first
Other lower dies of flat-die lower die, the first warm forging forming lower die, the first warm forging shaping lower die and the first cold forging finishing lower die）It passes
The energy led.
Preferably, it is additionally provided with mold protecting device, the mold protecting device includes Upper Die-sleeve, lower die-sleeve and upper die-cushion
Plate, the fixed top with upper die holder of the upper die plate, the fixed lower section with upper die holder of the cope plate, the lower die-sleeve are fixed
On lower die holder, the upper and lower die sleeve is cylinder, and in different process, the Upper Die-sleeve is coaxially fixed at together
The outermost of corresponding punch-pin in one straight bevel gear set of molds, the lower die-sleeve are coaxially fixed at same straight bevel gear
The outermost of corresponding cavity plate in set of molds.
Since above-mentioned technical proposal is used, the present invention has following advantages compared with prior art：
The forming technology of the present invention is suitable for the processing of big specification straight bevel gear, at form drag when being shaped by gear different phase
The difference of power, by forming process again it is original it is once-forming on the basis of be divided into warm forging and cold forging and shape twice；Due to Warm Forging Process
Different phase Forming Resistance changes greatly, and in order to protect mold, Warm Forging Process is divided into and is forged and pressed three times, it is improved to processing technology
Afterwards, mold is improved, one set of die is changed to four molds, die improvement is later according to mold different piece when processing
Motion conditions are improved former.Corresponding mold and technique is coordinated effectively to improve the improvement of former above
Burn failure is serious in original processing method, has the problem of overlap.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural schematic diagram of the big specification straight bevel gear precision forging equipment of the embodiment of the present invention one.
Fig. 2 is the flat mould figure of the big specification straight bevel gear precision forging equipment of the embodiment of the present invention one.
Fig. 3 is a kind of warm forging shaping dies of big specification straight bevel gear precision forging equipment of the embodiment of the present invention one
Figure.
Fig. 4 is a kind of warm forging shaping mould of big specification straight bevel gear precision forging equipment of the embodiment of the present invention one
Figure.
Fig. 5 is a kind of cold forging finishing mold of big specification straight bevel gear precision forging equipment of the embodiment of the present invention one
Figure.
Wherein：1, big pressure block；2, lower die pressure block；3, spring；4, floating pressure block；5, lower die 1；6, guide post；7, under
Mould 2；8, lower die 3；9, guide sleeve；10, upper mold 2；11, upper mold 3；12, upper mold 4；13, big nut；14, T-bolt；15, Upper Die-sleeve；
16, cope plate；17, upper mold pressure block；18, upper die plate；19, upper material returned pin；20, upper mold 1；21, model cavity；22, small guide post；
23, lower die-sleeve；24, general cylindrical pin A types；25, small guide post；26, floating template；27, gasket；28, guide sleeve；29, through type pressure
Priming cup；30, compression ring；31, lower material returned slot；32, lower template；33, workbench backing plate；201, the first flat-die upper mold；202,
Two flat-die upper molds；203, the first flat-die lower die；204, the second flat-die lower die；301, the first warm forging shapes upper mold；302, the second temperature
It is swaged into shape upper mold；303, third warm forging shapes upper mold；304, the 4th warm forging shapes upper mold；305, the first warm forging forming lower die；
306, the second warm forging forming lower die；307, third warm forging forming lower die；401, the first warm forging shaping upper mold；402, the second warm forging is whole
Shape upper mold；403, third warm forging shaping upper mold；404, the 4th warm forging shaping upper mold；405, the first warm forging shaping lower die；406,
Two warm forging shaping lower dies；407, third warm forging shaping lower die；501, the first cold forging finishing upper mold；502, in the second cold forging finishing
Mould；503, the first cold forging finishing lower die；504, the second cold forging finishing lower die；505, third cold forging finishing lower die.
Specific implementation mode
The invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments：
Embodiment one：A kind of big specification straight bevel gear study on precision forging technology, using flat mould by raw material jumping-up；Use warm forging
Shaping dies processes tooth form；Tooth form is corrected using warm forging shaping mould；Using the deflashing of cold forging finishing mold, finishing tooth form,
Specifically comprise the following steps：
（One）, will process raw material is heated to 850 DEG C in electric furnace；
（Two）, flat mould is placed in precision forging equipment, according to required straight bevel gear size adjusting forging press tonnage
By raw material on flat-die jumping-up to required thickness；
（Three）, in the state that forging press molds, upper and lower mold is heated to 350 DEG C；
（Four）, warm forging shaping dies is placed in precision forging equipment, warm forging forming terrace die moves down, when warm forging forming terrace die,
When warm forging female die for forming contacts, the second warm forging forming lower die is contacted with third warm forging forming upper mold, while under third warm forging forming
Mould is contacted with the 4th warm forging forming upper mold, and continues to move downward, and according to straight bevel gear size, punching press tonnage is arranged, obtains
Obtain the gear of roughing tooth form；
（Five）, warm forging shaping mould is placed in precision forging equipment, warm forging shaping terrace die moves down, when warm forging shaping terrace die,
When warm forging correcting die contacts, the second warm forging shaping lower die is contacted with third warm forging shaping upper mold, while under third warm forging shaping
Mould is contacted with the 4th warm forging shaping upper mold, and continues to move downward, and according to straight bevel gear size, punching press tonnage is arranged, obtains
The gear of tooth form must be corrected.
（Six）, by after warm forging gear place press machine on, intermediate shaft hole is reopened, it is true according to the straight bevel gear diameter of axle
Determine press machine and rushes shaft diameter；
（Seven）, to step（Six）Institute's workpieces processing is first cooled to room temperature, and then carries out Shot Blasting, later saponification process；
（Seven）, cold forging finishing mold is placed in precision forging equipment, by step（Seven）Treated gear punch-pin moves down with it is recessed
Mould is closed, and completes cold forging finishing；
（Eight）, by step（Seven）After processed carburizing heat treatment, processing is completed.
In the present embodiment, the flat mould is made of flat-die punch-pin and flat-die cavity plate, according to institute's machining straight bevel gear by adopting
Size adjusts forging press and forges and presses tonnage, by 850 DEG C of raw material jumping-ups to specified size.
In the present embodiment, the warm forging shaping dies is made of, the first warm forging warm forging forming terrace die and warm forging female die for forming
It shapes mode diameters and is equal to straight bevel gear shaft hole diameter, tooth die is that the second warm forging shapes upper mold；
In the present embodiment, the warm forging shaping mould is made of warm forging shaping terrace die and warm forging correcting die, the first warm forging shaping
Upper mold is equal to straight bevel gear shaft hole diameter with mode diameter under the first warm forging shaping, and tooth die is the second warm forging shaping lower die；
In the present embodiment, the cold forging finishing mold is made of cold forging finishing punch-pin and cold forging finishing cavity plate, flute profile in lower die,
It is gear non-operative end mould at model end, internal diameter is equal to corresponding model gear non-operative end axis hole outer diameter, and model end is gear work
When making, the size of gear non-working surface, the size carries out essence to the semi-finished product gear non-working surface size of warm forging finishing postcooling
It is whole.The non-model end of outer diameter is more than model end, forms ladder platform, and non-model end and model end outer diameter are equal in the second cold forging finishing
Mould corresponds to internal diameter, the two cooperation installation.Second cold forging finishing upper mold is cylinder, and internal diameter is equal to third cold forging finishing upper mold outer diameter,
Height is consistent with third cold forging finishing upper mold, and forging process are moved synchronously with third cold forging finishing upper mold, protects third cold forging
Finishing upper mold.First cold forging finishing lower die is cylinder cavity plate, and internal diameter is equal to mounting hole outer diameter during working gear requires.The mould mould
Working face correspondingly-sized when type end is working gear, the size are to carry out size finishing to the semi-finished product gear of warm forging shaping.On
End face intermediate ledge divides diameter to be equal to the corresponding model straight bevel gear diameter of axle, remaining protrusion is divided into straight bevel gear inoperative
Ground shape model.Second cold forging finishing lower die is cylinder, and internal diameter is slightly less than the first cold forging finishing lower die outer diameter, the mould outer diameter
It is identical as the first cold forging finishing outer diameter, and it is equal to third cold forging die finish internal diameter.Third cold forging finishing lower die be cylinder, internal diameter and
The one the second cold forging die finish outer diameters are equal.There is a ladder platform in outside, and when installation coordinates with corresponding component.
It is shown in Figure 1, a kind of big specification straight bevel gear precision forging equipment, including upper die holder, lower die holder and set
Same straight bevel gear set of molds between upper die holder and lower die holder,
The same straight bevel gear set of molds includes the corresponding flat mould used, warm forging respectively in gear difference process
Shaping dies, warm forging shaping mould and cold forging finishing mold,
Shown in Figure 2, the flat mould includes flat-die punch-pin and flat-die cavity plate, and the flat-die punch-pin includes on the first flat-die
Mould 201, the second flat-die upper mold 202, the flat-die cavity plate include the first flat-die lower die 203, the second flat-die lower die 204,
The first flat-die upper mold 201 is cylinder punch-pin, and the second flat-die upper mold 202 is cylinder punch-pin, first flat-die
The clamping of upper mold 201 is set in the second flat-die upper mold 202,
The first flat-die lower die 203 is solid cylinder, and the second flat-die lower die 204 is cylinder, under first flat-die
Mould 203 is plugged in the second flat-die lower die 204；
Shown in Figure 3, the warm forging shaping dies includes warm forging forming terrace die and warm forging female die for forming, and the warm forging forming is convex
Mould includes the first warm forging forming upper mold 301, the second warm forging forming upper mold 302,303 and of third warm forging forming upper mold of coaxial arrangement
4th warm forging shapes upper mold 304, and the warm forging female die for forming includes first the 305, second temperature of warm forging forming lower die of coaxial arrangement
Forming lower die 306, third warm forging forming lower die 307 are forged,
First warm forging shapes upper mold 301 for cylinder punch-pin, and diameter is equal to pinion mounting holes internal diameter at the model of lower end,
The first warm forging forming upper mold clamping is set in the second warm forging forming upper mold,
The second warm forging forming upper mold 302 is cylinder cavity plate, is equipped with tooth die at external port, the tooth proportions of tooth die are
Half-formed size, is equipped with pinion mounting holes mould at inner port, the second warm forging forming upper mold clamping be set to third warm forging at
In shape upper mold,
The third warm forging forming upper mold 303 is cylinder, and the second warm forging forming upper mold clamping is set in third warm forging forming
In mould, the third warm forging forming upper mold clamping is set in the 4th warm forging forming upper mold,
The 4th warm forging forming upper mold 304 is cylinder,
The first warm forging forming lower die 305 is solid cylinder, is equipped with protrusion part among end face thereon, and the protrusion part is straight
Diameter is equal to the corresponding model straight bevel gear diameter of axle, remaining protrusion is divided into straight bevel gear inoperative ground shape model, described
First warm forging forming lower die is inserted in the second warm forging forming lower die,
The second warm forging forming lower die 306 is cylinder, and there are chamfering, the second warm forging forming lower die in inner wall upper end endface
It is inserted in third warm forging forming lower die,
The third warm forging forming lower die 307 is cylinder；
Referring to Fig. 4, the warm forging shaping mould includes warm forging shaping terrace die and warm forging correcting die, the warm forging shaping terrace die packet
Include the first warm forging shaping upper mold 401 of coaxial arrangement, in the second warm forging shaping, 402, third warm forging shaping upper mold 403 and the 4th
Warm forging shaping upper mold 404, the warm forging correcting die include coaxial arrangement the first warm forging shaping lower die 405, the second warm forging it is whole
Shape lower die 406 and third warm forging shaping lower die 407,
The first warm forging shaping upper mold is cylinder punch-pin, and the diameter at the model of end is equal to pinion mounting holes internal diameter, described
First warm forging shaping upper mold is inserted in the second warm forging shaping upper mold,
The second warm forging shaping upper mold is cylinder cavity plate, and model end is equipped with gear non-operative end mould, and second warm forging is whole
The clamping of shape upper mold is set in third warm forging shaping upper mold,
The third warm forging shaping upper mold is cylinder, and when model end works with the second warm forging shaping upper mold model end, the two is total
With gear non-operative end surface model is constituted, the third warm forging shaping upper mold clamping is set in the 4th warm forging shaping upper mold,
The 4th warm forging shaping upper mold is cylinder, and forging process are moved synchronously with third warm forging shaping upper mold, protects third
Warm forging shaping upper mold,
The first warm forging shaping lower die is solid cylinder, is equipped with the first protrusion part among end face thereon, protrudes the straight of part
Diameter is equal to the straight bevel gear diameter of axle to be processed, and the second protrusion part, the second protrusion are additionally provided in the periphery of the first protrusion part
It is divided into straight bevel gear inoperative ground shape model,
The second warm forging shaping lower die is cylinder, and internal diameter is equal to the first warm forging shaping upper mold outer diameter, under the second warm forging shaping
The size at the model end of mould is identical as the theoretical size in working gear face to be processed, and the first warm forging shaping lower die is set to described
In second warm forging shaping lower die,
The third warm forging shaping lower die is cylinder, and internal diameter is equal to the second warm forging shaping lower die outer diameter, and second warm forging is whole
Shape lower die is set in third warm forging shaping lower die；
Referring to Fig. 5, the cold forging finishing mold includes cold forging finishing punch-pin and cold forging finishing cavity plate, the cold forging finishing punch-pin packet
Include in the first cold forging finishing of coaxial arrangement, 501 and the second cold forging finishing upper mold 502, the cold forging finishing cavity plate include coaxial
The first cold forging finishing lower die 503, the second cold forging finishing lower die 504 and the third cold forging finishing lower die 505 being arranged,
The first cold forging finishing upper mold is cylinder punch-pin, and gear non-operative end mould is equipped at the model end of end,
The second cold forging finishing upper mold is cylinder, and the first cold forging finishing upper mold clamping is set to the second cold forging finishing upper mold
Interior, forging process are moved synchronously with the first cold forging finishing upper mold, protect the first cold forging finishing upper mold,
The first cold forging finishing lower die is cylinder cavity plate, and protrusion part is equipped among the upper surface of model end, and protrusion part is straight
Diameter is equal to the gear diameter of axle to be processed, and model end upper surface periphery is additionally provided with remaining protrusion part, remaining described protrusion is divided into directly
Bevel gear inoperative ground shape model,
Second cold forging finishing lower die is cylinder, and internal diameter is less than the internal diameter of the first cold forging finishing lower die, the second cold forging finishing
Lower die outer diameter is equal with the first cold forging finishing outer diameter, and is equal to third cold forging die finish internal diameter,
The third cold forging finishing lower die is cylinder, and internal diameter and the first, second cold forging die finish outer diameter are equal, first cold forging
Finishing lower die is set to above the second cold forging finishing lower die, and the first, second cold forging die finish is set to third cold forging finishing lower die
It is interior.
It is preferable to use step clampings for the clamping arrived involved in the present embodiment, illustrate such as：First warm forging shapes upper mold 301
Upper end be equipped with protrusion, corresponding second warm forging forming upper mold 302 be internally provided with shape in the first warm forging forming upper mold 301
The matched recess of end convex shape；For example, the outer wall top of the second warm forging forming upper mold 302 is equipped with protrusion, third warm forging
The upper inside wall for shaping upper mold 303 is equipped with the matched recess of shape, and the two forms clamping.
In the present embodiment, the upper die holder includes cope plate 16 and the upper mold pressure block 17 that is co-axially located in cope plate.
In the present embodiment, the lower die holder includes big pressure block 1, lower die pressure block 2, floating template 26, compression ring 30, bullet
Spring 3, floating pressure block 4, lower template 32, workbench backing plate 33, coaxially clamping is set in lower template 32 the big pressure block 1, institute
It is lower die pressure block and compression ring support section to state big pressure block, is coaxially fixed below lower die pressure block and compression ring, limitation
The two is set in up and down motion, the compression ring 30 on lower die pressure block 2, and the lower end of the compression ring 30 is circumferentially with platform
Rank, for fixing big pressure block, the floating template is set to above compression ring, and the floating template is connected with compression ring by slide bar
It connects, spring is arranged on the slide bar, act as accumulation of energy and buffering, forging process are by floating template energy storage, upper and lower mould
When separation, lower die is set back and is set, the floating pressure block is coaxially arranged with floating template, the outer diameter of the floating pressure block
Equal to the internal diameter of floating template installation place, the outer diameter of floating pressure block is more than the internal diameter of floating template and less than floating template
Outer diameter, the height of floating pressure block are less than the height of floating template, and lower die pressure block is the first flat-die lower die, the first warm forging forming
The support section of lower die, the first warm forging shaping lower die and the first cold forging finishing lower die is limited in different forging processes and is corresponded to
Lower die moves downward, and the spring is pressure rings accumulation of energy and buffer portion, is installed on the slide bar that compression ring is connected in floating template
On, store other lower dies（Except the first flat-die lower die, the first warm forging forming lower die, the first warm forging shaping lower die and the first cold forging
Other lower dies of finishing lower die）The energy of conduction.
In the present embodiment, it is additionally provided with mold protecting device, the mold protecting device includes Upper Die-sleeve 15,23 and of lower die-sleeve
Upper die plate 18, the fixed top with upper die holder of the upper die plate 18, the fixed lower section with upper die holder of the cope plate are described
Lower die-sleeve 23 is located on lower die holder, and the upper and lower die sleeve is cylinder, and in different process, the Upper Die-sleeve is coaxial
It is fixed at the outermost of the corresponding punch-pin in same straight bevel gear set of molds, the lower die-sleeve is coaxially fixed at same
The outermost of corresponding cavity plate in straight bevel gear set of molds.
In the present embodiment, the upper material returned pin 19, lower material returned pin 31 are the open circles among upper and lower molding pressure block
Column, material returned pin have some scrap and block into upper and lower mould in warm forging and cold forging processes, which can be used for clearing up useless
The foreign matters such as bits.In the present embodiment, the small guide post 25 is cylinder director element, and guide sleeve 28 is set on small guide post 25, the element
It is connected with floating template 26, it is ensured that floating template is moved in vertical direction, and through type forced filling oil cup 29 is arranged in floating template
26 side, gasket 27 are arranged in the upper end of small guide post.
In the present embodiment, the guide sleeve 9 that Fig. 1 is additionally provided with guide post 6, is arranged guide post 6, small guide post 22 is connect with lower die-sleeve 23, general
Logical straight pin A types 24 are for fixing lower die-sleeve 23 and floating template 26, and Upper Die-sleeve 15 is set in upper mold outermost, with cope plate
Fixed, big nut 13, T-bolt 14 are the fixing nut that the present embodiment uses.
Claims (5)
1. a kind of big specification straight bevel gear study on precision forging technology, it is characterised in that：Using flat mould by raw material jumping-up；It uses
Warm forging shaping dies processes tooth form；Tooth form is corrected using warm forging shaping mould；Use the deflashing of cold forging finishing mold, finishing tooth
Shape,
Specifically comprise the following steps：
（One）, will process raw material is heated to 850 DEG C in electric furnace；
（Two）, flat mould is placed in precision forging equipment, according to required straight bevel gear size adjusting forging press tonnage
By raw material on flat-die jumping-up to required thickness；
（Three）, in the state that forging press molds, upper and lower mold is heated to 350 DEG C；
（Four）, warm forging shaping dies is placed in precision forging equipment, warm forging forming terrace die moves down, when warm forging forming terrace die,
When warm forging female die for forming contacts, the second warm forging forming lower die is contacted with third warm forging forming upper mold, while under third warm forging forming
Mould is contacted with the 4th warm forging forming upper mold, and continues to move downward, and according to straight bevel gear size, punching press tonnage is arranged, obtains
Obtain the gear of roughing tooth form；
（Five）, warm forging shaping mould is placed in precision forging equipment, warm forging shaping terrace die moves down, when warm forging shaping terrace die,
When warm forging correcting die contacts, the second warm forging shaping lower die is contacted with third warm forging shaping upper mold, while under third warm forging shaping
Mould is contacted with the 4th warm forging shaping upper mold, and continues to move downward, and according to straight bevel gear size, punching press tonnage is arranged, obtains
The gear of tooth form must be corrected；
（Six）, by after warm forging gear place press machine on, intermediate shaft hole is reopened, according to the straight bevel gear diameter of axle determine rush
Press rushes shaft diameter；
（Seven）, to step（Six）Institute's workpieces processing is first cooled to room temperature, and then carries out Shot Blasting, later saponification process；
（Seven）, cold forging finishing mold is placed in precision forging equipment, by step（Seven）Treated gear punch-pin moves down with it is recessed
Mould is closed, and completes cold forging finishing；
（Eight）, by step（Seven）After processed carburizing heat treatment, processing is completed.
2. big specification straight bevel gear study on precision forging technology according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The flat-die mould
Tool, is made of flat-die punch-pin and flat-die cavity plate, according to institute's machining straight bevel gear by adopting size, adjusts forging press and forges and presses tonnage, by 850
DEG C raw material jumping-up is to specified size.
3. big specification straight bevel gear study on precision forging technology according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The warm forging forming
Mold is made of warm forging forming terrace die and warm forging female die for forming, and the first warm forging shapes mode diameters and is equal to straight bevel gear axis hole
Diameter, tooth die are that the second warm forging shapes upper mold.
4. big specification straight bevel gear study on precision forging technology according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The warm forging shaping
Mold is made of warm forging shaping terrace die and warm forging correcting die, the first warm forging shaping upper mold and mode diameter under the first warm forging shaping
Equal to straight bevel gear shaft hole diameter, tooth die is the second warm forging shaping lower die.
5. big specification straight bevel gear study on precision forging technology according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The cold forging finishing
Mold is made of cold forging finishing punch-pin and cold forging finishing cavity plate, and flute profile is gear non-operative end mould at lower die, model end, interior
Diameter is equal to corresponding model gear non-operative end axis hole outer diameter, when model end is working gear, the size of gear non-working surface, and the ruler
The very little semi-finished product gear non-working surface size to warm forging finishing postcooling carries out finishing, and the non-model end of outer diameter is more than model end, shape
At ladder platform, non-model end and model end outer diameter correspond to internal diameter, the two cooperation installation equal to the second cold forging finishing upper mold；Second
Cold forging finishing upper mold is cylinder, and internal diameter is equal to third cold forging finishing upper mold outer diameter, highly consistent with third cold forging finishing upper mold, forging
It is moved synchronously with third cold forging finishing upper mold during pressure, it is circle to protect third cold forging finishing upper mold, the first cold forging finishing lower die
Cylinder cavity plate, internal diameter are equal to mounting hole outer diameter during working gear requires, and working face corresponds to ruler when which is working gear
Very little, which is to carry out size finishing to the semi-finished product gear of warm forging shaping, and upper surface intermediate ledge divides diameter to be equal to correspondence
The model straight bevel gear diameter of axle, remaining protrusion is divided into straight bevel gear inoperative ground shape model, under the second cold forging finishing
Mould is cylinder, and internal diameter is slightly less than the first cold forging finishing lower die outer diameter, and the mould outer diameter is identical as the first cold forging finishing outer diameter, and waits
In third cold forging die finish internal diameter, third cold forging finishing lower die is cylinder, and internal diameter and the one the second cold forging die finish outer diameters are equal,
There is a ladder platform in outside, and when installation coordinates with corresponding component.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN2018103455030 | 2018-04-17 | ||
| CN201810345503 | 2018-04-17 |
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| CN108607946A true CN108607946A (en) | 2018-10-02 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CN201810416367.XA Pending CN108607946A (en) | 2018-04-17 | 2018-05-03 | A kind of big specification straight bevel gear study on precision forging technology |
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| CN110076273A (en) * | 2019-05-28 | 2019-08-02 | 南京林业大学 | A kind of larger ratio of height to diameter angular wheel shaft shaping dies and manufacturing process |
| CN111687356A (en) * | 2020-05-24 | 2020-09-22 | 江苏飞船股份有限公司 | Straight bevel gear warm forging precision forming die |
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