CN111687356B - Warm forging precision forming die for straight bevel gear - Google Patents
Warm forging precision forming die for straight bevel gear Download PDFInfo
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- CN111687356B CN111687356B CN202010445442.2A CN202010445442A CN111687356B CN 111687356 B CN111687356 B CN 111687356B CN 202010445442 A CN202010445442 A CN 202010445442A CN 111687356 B CN111687356 B CN 111687356B
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- 238000005242 forging Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 93
- 238000010009 beating Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 93
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 claims description 86
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 30
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 claims description 17
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 claims description 17
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 15
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000004080 punching Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000004146 energy storage Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000005496 tempering Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000005299 abrasion Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000314 lubricant Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000006978 adaptation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003321 amplification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005253 cladding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003199 nucleic acid amplification method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009827 uniform distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21J—FORGING; HAMMERING; PRESSING METAL; RIVETING; FORGE FURNACES
- B21J3/00—Lubricating during forging or pressing
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21J—FORGING; HAMMERING; PRESSING METAL; RIVETING; FORGE FURNACES
- B21J13/00—Details of machines for forging, pressing, or hammering
- B21J13/02—Dies or mountings therefor
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21J—FORGING; HAMMERING; PRESSING METAL; RIVETING; FORGE FURNACES
- B21J13/00—Details of machines for forging, pressing, or hammering
- B21J13/08—Accessories for handling work or tools
- B21J13/14—Ejecting devices
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21K—MAKING FORGED OR PRESSED METAL PRODUCTS, e.g. HORSE-SHOES, RIVETS, BOLTS OR WHEELS
- B21K1/00—Making machine elements
- B21K1/28—Making machine elements wheels; discs
- B21K1/30—Making machine elements wheels; discs with gear-teeth
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- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Forging (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a warm forging precision forming die for a straight bevel gear, which relates to the technical field of machine manufacturing and comprises a rough forging die matched with an upper tooth die and a lower cavity die and a finish forging die matched with the upper cavity die and the lower tooth die; wherein, a material beating structure composed of elastic elements is arranged in an upper die of the rough forging die and the fine forging die, so that the formed tooth blank and the gear are prevented from adhering to the upper die; the outer circumferences of the tooth dies of the rough forging die and the finish forging die are respectively provided with a guide cylinder, so that the error modulus of the upper die and the lower die is not more than 0.3mm, prestress is provided for the tooth dies, and the tooth accuracy overdifference caused by tooth profile deformation of the tooth dies due to three-dimensional compressive stress of the tooth dies is prevented; meanwhile, the floating lifting die structure is arranged on the lower cavity die to float the lower cavity die, the blank is accurately positioned by matching with the journal of the lower cavity die, the blank is ensured to be uniformly distributed in the tooth form of the tooth model cavity during rough forging, the deformation of the gear after the residual stress is eliminated is reduced, the concave structure towards the inside of the tooth blank is conveniently forged on the tooth form end face and the journal end face of the tooth blank, and the utilization rate of the blank is improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of machine manufacturing, in particular to a warm forging precision forming die for a straight bevel gear.
Background
When the electric screw press automatically lines the straight bevel gear to forge and form in a warm mode, on one hand, the anisotropy of the deformation material and the die carrier for die installation are convenient for the mechanical arm to put and grasp the material, so that a guide post-free structure is usually adopted, and the error modulus is not more than 0.3mm when the upper die and the lower die are closed only by the precision and the rigidity of the guide rail of the equipment; on the other hand, when the rough forging tooth die is used as the lower die in the prior art, the positioning surface of the rough forging tooth die is usually larger than the diameter of the blank to be deformed, and the blank to be deformed cannot be positioned accurately in the rough forging tooth die; the existence of the two reasons causes uneven distribution when the blank to be deformed forms a tooth blank, and the deformation is large after the residual stress of the gear is eliminated, so that the precision grade is low. Meanwhile, when the rough forging tooth die is used as a lower die, the contact time with Gao Wenchi blanks is long, the high-temperature tempering softening of the rough forging tooth die is easy to cause, the service life of the rough forging tooth die is greatly reduced, and the general service life is not longer than 3000.
In some processes, the positions of the rough forging tooth die and the rough forging cavity die are exchanged, the rough forging tooth die is used as an upper die, the rough forging cavity die is used as a lower die, the shaft neck of the rough forging cavity die is used for accurately positioning a blank to be deformed, and a hydraulic device is used for material beating, but because the hydraulic device has hysteresis, the tooth blank after extrusion forming is separated from the die cavity of the rough forging tooth die when a device sliding block returns to a certain distance above a bottom dead center, and a mechanical arm cannot normally grasp the tooth blank, so that an automatic line of an electric screw press is abnormally stopped.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a warm forging precision forming die for a straight bevel gear, which is characterized in that the forming die is subjected to precision structural design, and the method comprises the steps of adjusting the upper die and the lower die of the die, automatically punching the upper die during forging, accurately positioning blanks, arranging prestress and a guiding mechanism and the like, so that the service lives of the rough forging die and the precision forging die are obviously prolonged, the tooth form precision and the blank utilization rate are improved, and the technical problems are effectively solved.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention proposes the following technical scheme: the warm forging precision forming die for the straight bevel gear comprises a rough forging die and a finish forging die which are formed by an automatic line of an electric screw press, wherein a first upper die and a first lower die are defined by taking a die cavity parting surface in the rough forging die as a boundary, and a second upper die and a second lower die are defined by taking a die cavity parting surface in the finish forging die as a boundary;
The first upper die comprises an upper tooth die, a first upper material-beating ejector rod, an upper tooth die pressure-bearing cushion block, a first upper transition cushion block, a first upper pressure-bearing cushion block, a first upper material-beating elastic element and a first guide cylinder; the lower end face of the upper tooth die is provided with an upper tooth die cavity with a downward opening, the outer circumference of the upper tooth die is sleeved with a first guide cylinder, and the lower end face of the first guide cylinder protrudes downwards from the lower end face of the upper tooth die; the first upper material-beating ejector rod is vertically arranged in the inner holes of the upper tooth die and the upper tooth die pressure-bearing cushion block and is supported on the first upper transition cushion block which is movably arranged in the upper tooth die pressure-bearing cushion block and the inner holes of the first upper pressure-bearing cushion block; the first upper transition cushion block is a step shaft, and a step surface of the first upper transition cushion block is supported on the upper end surface of the upper tooth die pressure-bearing cushion block; the first upper material-beating elastic element is vertically arranged in the inner hole of the first upper pressure-bearing cushion block, the lower end face of the first upper material-beating elastic element is abutted against the upper end face of the first upper transition cushion block, and the first upper material-beating elastic element, the first upper transition cushion block and the first upper material-beating ejector rod form a coaxial propping structure;
the first upper material beating elastic element is at least provided with a first state and a second state in an inner hole of the first upper pressure bearing cushion block; the first state is that the first upper material-beating elastic element supports the step surface of the first upper transition cushion block to be abutted against the upper end surface of the upper tooth mold pressure-bearing cushion block, and the first upper material-beating ejector rod part stretches into the upper tooth mold cavity; the second state is that the first upper material-beating elastic element is in a compression state, and the step surface of the first upper transition cushion block is spaced on the upper end surface of the upper tooth die pressure-bearing cushion block.
The first lower die comprises a lower cavity die, a first lower ejection rod, a floating lifting die elastic element, a lower cavity die pressure-bearing cushion block, a first lower transition cushion block, a first lower pressure-bearing cushion block and a first lower ejection rod; the upper end face of the lower cavity die is provided with a lower female die cavity with an upward opening, the lower cavity die is matched with the upper tooth die, and the outer circumference of the lower cavity die is matched with the inner hole of the first guide cylinder; the lower cavity die pressure-bearing cushion block is provided with an inner hole in the middle, the first lower ejector rod is vertically arranged in the inner holes of the lower cavity die and the lower cavity die pressure-bearing cushion block, and the first lower ejector rod is supported by a first lower transition cushion block movably arranged in the inner hole of the lower cavity die pressure-bearing cushion block; the first lower transition cushion block is arranged as a vertical cylindrical shaft, and the lower end face of the cylindrical shaft is supported on the upper end face of the first lower pressure-bearing cushion block; the first lower ejection rod is vertically arranged in the inner hole of the first lower pressure-bearing cushion block, the upper end face of the first lower ejection rod is abutted against the lower end face of the first lower transition cushion block, and the first lower ejection rod, the first lower transition cushion block and the first lower ejection rod form a coaxial propping structure;
The floating lifting die elastic element is arranged between the lower cavity die and the first lower pressure-bearing cushion block, the upper end face of the floating lifting die elastic element is abutted against the lower end face of the lower cavity die, and the lower end face of the floating lifting die elastic element is abutted against the upper end face of the first lower pressure-bearing cushion block; the floating lifting elastic element is at least provided with a first compression state and a second compression state between the lower cavity die and the first lower pressure-bearing cushion block, the first compression state is that the floating lifting elastic element supports the lower end face of the lower cavity die to be spaced from the upper end face of the lower cavity die pressure-bearing cushion block, the second compression state is that the floating lifting elastic element is compressed until the lower end face of the lower cavity die is abutted against the upper end face of the lower cavity die pressure-bearing cushion block, and the first lower ejection rod part extends into the lower cavity die.
The second upper die comprises an upper cavity die, a second upper material-beating ejector rod, an upper cavity die pressure-bearing cushion block, a second upper transition cushion block, a second upper pressure-bearing cushion block and a second upper material-beating elastic element; an upper female die cavity with a downward opening is arranged at the center of the lower end face of the upper cavity die, and the upper female die cavity part protrudes downwards from the lower end face of the upper cavity die to form an upper cavity die excircle guide part; the second upper knockout ejector rod is vertically arranged in the inner holes of the upper cavity die and the upper cavity die pressure-bearing cushion block and is supported on a second upper transition cushion block which is movably arranged in the upper cavity die pressure-bearing cushion block and the inner holes of the second upper pressure-bearing cushion block; the second upper transition cushion block is a step shaft, and the step surface of the second upper transition cushion block is supported on the upper end surface of the upper cavity die pressure-bearing cushion block; the second upper material-beating elastic element is vertically arranged in the inner hole of the second upper pressure-bearing cushion block, the lower end face of the second upper material-beating elastic element is abutted against the upper end face of the second upper transition cushion block, and the second upper material-beating elastic element, the second upper transition cushion block and the second upper material-beating ejector rod form a coaxial propping structure;
The second upper material beating elastic element is at least provided with a third state and a fourth state in an inner hole of the second upper pressure bearing cushion block; the third state is that the step surface of the second upper material-beating elastic element supporting the second upper transition cushion block is abutted against the upper end surface of the upper cavity die pressure-bearing cushion block, and the second upper material-beating ejector rod part extends into the upper cavity die cavity; the fourth state is that the second upper material-beating elastic element is in a compression state, and the step surface of the second upper transition cushion block is spaced on the upper end surface of the upper cavity die pressure-bearing cushion block.
The second lower die comprises a lower tooth die, a second lower ejection rod, a lower tooth die pressure-bearing cushion block, a second lower transition cushion block, a second lower pressure-bearing cushion block and a second lower ejection rod, and the lower tooth die is matched with the upper cavity die; the upper end face of the lower tooth mold is provided with a lower tooth mold cavity with an upward opening, and the outer circumference of the lower tooth mold is sleeved with a second guide cylinder; the upper end surface of the second guide cylinder protrudes upwards from the upper end surface of the lower tooth die, and an inner hole of the second guide cylinder is matched with the outer circumference of the outer circle guide part of the upper cavity die; the second lower ejector rod is vertically arranged in the inner holes of the lower tooth mold and the pressure-bearing cushion block of the lower tooth mold, and is supported by a second lower transition cushion block movably arranged in the inner hole of the pressure-bearing cushion block of the lower tooth mold, and a part of the second lower ejector rod extends into the cavity of the lower tooth mold; the second lower transition cushion block is arranged as a vertical cylinder shaft, and the lower end surface of the cylinder shaft is supported on the upper end surface of the second lower pressure-bearing cushion block; the second lower ejector rod is vertically arranged in an inner hole of the second lower pressure-bearing cushion block, the upper end face of the second lower ejector rod is abutted against the lower end face of the second lower transition cushion block, and the second lower ejector rod, the second lower transition cushion block and the second lower ejector rod form a coaxial jacking structure.
Further, the height difference between the lower end face of the first guide cylinder and the lower end face of the upper tooth die in the vertical direction is defined as H1, the height difference between the upper end face of the second guide cylinder and the upper end face of the lower tooth die in the vertical direction is defined as H2, the height of the outer circle guide part of the upper cavity die protruding out of the lower end face of the upper cavity die is defined as H3, then H3 = H2, H2 is more than or equal to 23mm, and H1 is more than or equal to 40mm.
Further, an exhaust hole is formed in the outer circle guide part of the upper cavity die.
Further, the upper end face of the first guide cylinder is abutted against the lower end face of the upper tooth die pressure-bearing cushion block, the lower end face of the second guide cylinder is abutted against the upper end face of the lower tooth die pressure-bearing cushion block, the first guide cylinder is in interference fit with the upper tooth die, the second guide cylinder is in interference fit with the lower tooth die, the interference coefficient is kept to be optimal at 4-6 per mill, the first guide cylinder and the second guide cylinder are made of H13 die steel, and the hardness after heat treatment is HRC 44-48.
Further, the lower cavity die pressure-bearing cushion block is also provided with a plurality of through holes penetrating through the upper end face and the lower end face of the lower cavity die pressure-bearing cushion block, and the through holes are uniformly distributed along the circumference of the inner hole of the lower cavity die pressure-bearing cushion block; the floating lifting elastic element is arranged in the through hole and is arranged as a spring.
Further, the first upper material-beating elastic element is set to be a first nitrogen spring, and the second upper material-beating elastic element is set to be a second nitrogen spring; a first cooling mechanism is arranged in the first upper pressure-bearing cushion block, and a second cooling mechanism is arranged in the second upper pressure-bearing cushion block; the cooling mechanism is used for adjusting the nitrogen spring to a normal working temperature.
According to the technical scheme, the straight bevel gear warm forging precision forming die provided by the technical scheme of the invention has the beneficial effects that:
The warm forging precision forming die for the straight bevel gear disclosed by the invention is simple in structure and convenient to operate, and comprises a rough forging die matched with an upper tooth die and a lower cavity die and a finish forging die matched with the upper cavity die and the lower tooth die; during rough forging, the tooth mold is arranged at the upper part, the contact time between the high-temperature blank and the tooth mold is shortest, the risk of high-temperature tempering and softening of the tooth mold is basically eliminated, the failure mode of the upper tooth mold only shows normal abrasion, and the service life of the tooth mold is obviously prolonged. The invention sets a material beating structure formed by elastic elements in the upper die of the rough forging die and the finish forging die respectively, so as to avoid the adhesion of a formed tooth blank and a gear to the upper die, namely, the elastic elements store energy when being assembled, and the blank is separated from the upper die by directly applying energy storage when being demolded, thus solving the problem of hysteresis when the hydraulic device is adopted for material beating; the guide cylinders are respectively arranged on the outer circumferences of the upper tooth die of the rough forging die and the lower tooth die of the finish forging die, and are used for guiding the die cavity die to be matched with the tooth die on one hand, so that the error modulus of the upper die and the lower die is ensured not to exceed 0.3mm, and on the other hand, prestress in the cladding range of the guide cylinders is provided for the die cavity die, the tooth profile deformation of the tooth die is avoided, and flash is prevented from being generated when the blank is matched and upsetted for extrusion.
According to the invention, a floating lifting die structure formed by an elastic structure is arranged on the lower die of the rough forging die, the lower cavity die floats from a pressure-bearing cushion block of the lower cavity die, and the blank is accurately positioned by matching with the shaft neck of the cavity die, so that uniform distribution of the blank to be deformed in the tooth shape of the tooth model cavity during rough forging is ensured, the tooth shape precision is improved, and the deformation of the gear after the residual stress is eliminated is reduced; simultaneously, compression floating die lifting structure during die assembly during rough forging can be facilitated, the first lower ejector rod part stretches into the lower die cavity, the first lower ejector rod part is matched with the first upper material-forging ejector rod to forge a concave structure towards the inside of the tooth blank on the tooth-shaped end face and the shaft neck end face of the tooth blank, and the utilization rate of the blank is improved by 3%.
In addition, the structure of providing prestress for the guide cylinder for the finish forging tooth die ensures that the error modulus of the upper die and the lower die is not more than 0.3mm, and avoids tooth profile deformation of the finish forging tooth die in a three-dimensional compressive stress state, thereby avoiding the problem of tooth profile precision reduction caused by die deformation; meanwhile, the exhaust holes are arranged on the excircle guide part of the precision forging upper cavity die, so that the lubricant can be uniformly distributed on the tooth surface of the precision forging gear, the consistency of precision forging tooth form accuracy is ensured, the service life of the die is prolonged, and the amplification is up to more than 68.75%.
It should be understood that all combinations of the foregoing concepts, as well as additional concepts described in more detail below, may be considered a part of the inventive subject matter of the present disclosure as long as such concepts are not mutually inconsistent.
The foregoing and other aspects, embodiments, and features of the present teachings will be more fully understood from the following description, taken together with the accompanying drawings. Other additional aspects of the invention, such as features and/or advantages of the exemplary embodiments, will be apparent from the description which follows, or may be learned by practice of the embodiments according to the teachings of the invention.
Drawings
The drawings are not intended to be drawn to scale. In the drawings, each identical or nearly identical component that is illustrated in various figures may be represented by a like numeral. For purposes of clarity, not every component may be labeled in every drawing. Embodiments of various aspects of the invention will now be described, by way of example, with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a straight bevel gear rough forging forming die;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of a straight bevel gear precision forging forming die;
FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of the upper die with the first guide cylinder of FIG. 1;
FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of the first upper pressure pad of FIG. 1;
FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view of the lower cavity mold of FIG. 1;
FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view of the lower cavity mold pressure pad of FIG. 1;
FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view of the first lower pressure pad of FIG. 1;
FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view of the upper cavity mold of FIG. 2;
FIG. 9 is a cross-sectional view of the second upper pressure pad of FIG. 2;
fig. 10 is a cross-sectional view of the lower tooth mold of fig. 2.
In the figure, the specific meaning of each mark is as follows:
The novel tooth forming die comprises the following components of a 1-upper tooth die, a 2-first upper punching ejector rod, a 3-upper tooth die bearing cushion block, a 4-first upper transition cushion block, a 5-first upper bearing cushion block, a 6-first upper punching elastic element, a 7-first guide cylinder, an 8-lower cavity die, a 9-first lower ejection rod, a 10-floating lifting die elastic element, an 11-lower cavity die bearing cushion block, a 12-first lower transition cushion block, a 13-first lower bearing cushion block, a 14-first lower ejection rod, a 15-upper cavity die, a 16-second upper punching ejector rod, a 17-upper cavity die bearing cushion block, a 18-second upper transition cushion block, a 19-second upper bearing cushion block, a 20-second upper punching elastic element, a 21-lower tooth die, a 22-second lower ejection rod, a 23-lower tooth die bearing cushion block, a 24-second lower transition cushion block, a 25-second lower bearing cushion block, a 26-second lower ejection rod and a 27-second guide cylinder.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention more clear, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present invention. It will be apparent that the described embodiments are some, but not all, embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments, which can be made by a person skilled in the art without creative efforts, based on the described embodiments of the present invention fall within the protection scope of the present invention. Unless defined otherwise, technical or scientific terms used herein should be given the ordinary meaning as understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs.
The terms "first," "second," and the like in the description and in the claims, are not used for any order, quantity, or importance, but are used for distinguishing between different elements. Also, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise, singular forms "a," "an," or "the" and similar terms do not denote a limitation of quantity, but rather denote the presence of at least one. The terms "comprises," "comprising," or the like are intended to cover a feature, integer, step, operation, element, and/or component recited as being present in the element or article that "comprises" or "comprising" does not exclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, integers, steps, operations, elements, components, and/or groups thereof. "up", "down" and the like are used only to indicate a relative positional relationship, and when the absolute position of the object to be described is changed, the relative positional relationship may be changed accordingly.
Based on the prior art, in the straight bevel gear forging process, when a tooth die is used as a rough forging lower die, the problems of uneven distribution of blanks among tooth profiles and low tempering softening life of the tooth die caused by inaccurate blank positioning during die closing exist, and when the tooth die is used as a rough forging upper die, the problem of hysteresis of a hydraulic material beating mechanism exists; in addition, a series of technical problems exist that the error modulus is not more than 0.3mm only by means of equipment positioning and guide rails during forging. The invention aims to provide a warm forging precision forming die for a straight bevel gear, which is simple in structure, effectively solves the technical problems, and integrally improves the service life of the die and the precision of a formed gear.
The hot forging precision forming die for the straight bevel gear is further specifically described below with reference to the embodiment shown in the drawings.
Referring to fig. 1 and 2, a warm forging precision forming die for a bevel gear with a straight bevel is provided, which comprises a rough forging die and a finish forging die which are formed by an automatic line of an electric screw press, wherein a first upper die and a first lower die are defined by taking a die cavity parting surface in the rough forging die as a boundary, and a second upper die and a second lower die are defined by taking a die cavity parting surface in the finish forging die as a boundary; the first upper die comprises an upper tooth die 1, the first lower die comprises a lower cavity die 8, the second upper die comprises an upper cavity die 15, the second lower die comprises a lower tooth die 21, a cavity die journal is adopted to position blanks during rough forging, high-temperature blanks mainly stay on the lower cavity die 8 during rough forging, the contact time of the high-temperature blanks with the upper tooth die 1 is shortened, the risk that the upper tooth die 1 is easy to be softened by high-temperature tempering is basically eliminated, the failure mode of the upper tooth die 1 is changed from past collapse, deformation and cracking, the early failure mode of rapid wear is changed into present normal wear failure, the service life of the upper tooth die 1 is changed from past forming to present forming by far more than 10000, and the service life of the rough forging tooth die is prolonged by more than 200%.
In order to avoid the technical problems that the upper tooth die 1 adopts a hydraulic device to perform material beating on an automatic line of an electric screw press so as to have hysteresis, and the existing automatic line of the electric screw press has no guide post structure, and the error modulus is not more than 0.3mm when the upper and lower dies are closed only by the precision and rigidity of equipment guide rails, the invention improves the structure of the upper tooth die 1 as follows. As shown in fig. 3 and 4, the first upper die further comprises a first upper material-beating ejector rod 2, an upper tooth die pressure-bearing cushion block 3, a first upper transition cushion block 4, a first upper pressure-bearing cushion block 5, a first upper material-beating elastic element 6 and a first guide cylinder 7, wherein the lower end face of the upper tooth die 1 is provided with an upper tooth die cavity with a downward opening, the first guide cylinder 7 is sleeved on the outer circumference of the upper tooth die 1, and the lower end face of the first guide cylinder 7 protrudes downwards from the lower end face of the upper tooth die 1. The first upper knockout ejector rod 2 is vertically arranged in the inner holes of the upper tooth die 1 and the upper tooth die pressure-bearing cushion block 3 and is supported on a first upper transition cushion block 4 which is movably arranged in the inner holes of the upper tooth die pressure-bearing cushion block 3 and the first upper pressure-bearing cushion block 5; the first upper transition cushion block 4 is a step shaft, and a step surface of the first upper transition cushion block 4 is supported on the upper end surface of the upper tooth mold pressure-bearing cushion block 3; the first upper material-beating elastic element 6 is vertically arranged in an inner hole of the first upper pressure-bearing cushion block 5, the lower end face of the first upper material-beating elastic element 6 is abutted against the upper end face of the first upper transition cushion block 4, and the first upper material-beating elastic element 6, the first upper transition cushion block 4 and the first upper material-beating ejector rod 2 form a coaxial propping structure.
In order to ensure that the first upper material-beating ejector rod 2 can rapidly separate the tooth blank from the upper tooth mould 1 during demoulding, the first upper material-beating elastic element 6 has at least a first state and a second state in the inner hole of the first upper pressure-bearing cushion block 5, specifically, the first state is that the first upper material-beating elastic element 6 supports the step surface of the first upper transition cushion block 4 to prop against the upper end surface of the upper tooth mould pressure-bearing cushion block 3, and at the moment, the end part of the first upper material-beating ejector rod 2, which is close to the upper tooth mould 1, stretches into the upper tooth mould cavity under the action of the first upper material-beating elastic element 6; the second state is that the first upper material-beating elastic element 6 is in a compression state, and under the action of the pressure-combining force, the step surface of the first upper transition cushion block 4 is spaced on the upper end surface of the upper tooth mold pressure-bearing cushion block 3.
The upper tooth die 1 is in a first state under the action of the first upper material-beating elastic element 6 at the initial stage, is extruded by blanks in the cavity of the upper tooth die during die assembly, and the first upper material-beating ejector rod 2 upwardly compresses the first upper material-beating elastic element 6 through the first upper transition cushion block 4 to realize pre-tightening energy storage of the first upper material-beating elastic element 6; when demoulding, the upper tooth mould 1 immediately returns upwards after the sliding block of the electric screw press reaches the bottom dead center, the first upper material-beating elastic element 6 is automatically restored to deform without hydraulic starting, energy storage is rapidly released, the first upper material-beating elastic element 6 downwards pushes the first upper material-beating ejector rod 2 through the first upper transition cushion block 4 until part of the first upper material-beating ejector rod stretches into the tooth mould cavity of the upper tooth mould 1, the first upper material-beating ejector rod 2 pushes out a formed tooth blank from the tooth mould cavity, the tooth blank is separated from the upper tooth mould 1, and the cavity mould 8 is always reserved, so that the phenomenon that the tooth blank is adhered to the upper tooth mould 1 and the tooth blank falls off and is damaged from the upper tooth mould 1 is avoided.
As shown in fig. 5 to 7, the first lower die further comprises a first lower ejector rod 9, a floating lifting die elastic element 10, a lower cavity die pressure-bearing cushion block 11, a first lower transition cushion block 12, a first lower pressure-bearing cushion block 13 and a first lower ejector rod 14, the upper end surface of the lower cavity die 8 is provided with a lower cavity die cavity with an upward opening, the lower cavity die 8 is matched with the upper tooth die 1, and the outer circumference of the lower cavity die 8 is matched with the inner hole of the first guide cylinder 7. The lower cavity die pressure-bearing cushion block 11 is centrally provided with an inner hole, the first lower ejector rod 9 is vertically arranged in the inner holes of the lower cavity die 8 and the lower cavity die pressure-bearing cushion block 11, and the first lower ejector rod 9 is supported by a first lower transition cushion block 12 movably arranged in the inner hole of the lower cavity die pressure-bearing cushion block 11. The first lower transition cushion block 12 is arranged as a vertical cylindrical shaft, and the lower end surface of the cylindrical shaft is supported on the upper end surface of the first lower pressure-bearing cushion block 13; the first lower ejector rod 14 is vertically arranged in an inner hole of the first lower pressure-bearing cushion block 13, the upper end face of the first lower ejector rod 14 is abutted against the lower end face of the first lower transition cushion block 13, and the first lower ejector rod 14, the first lower transition cushion block 12 and the first lower ejector rod 9 form a coaxial jacking structure. The floating lifting elastic element 10 is arranged in the lower cavity die 8 to float the lower cavity die 8 from the pressure-bearing cushion block 11 of the lower cavity die, on one hand, the floating lifting elastic element is used for accurately positioning blanks by matching with the shaft neck of the lower cavity die, ensuring that the blanks are uniformly distributed in the tooth shape of the upper tooth die cavity during rough forging, reducing deformation after the residual stress of a gear is eliminated, and improving the tooth shape precision; on the other hand, in order to improve the utilization rate of the blank during the rough forging.
Specifically, the floating lifting elastic element 10 is disposed between the lower cavity die 8 and the first lower pressure-bearing cushion block 13, the upper end surface of the floating lifting elastic element 10 abuts against the lower end surface of the lower cavity die 8, and the lower end surface of the floating lifting elastic element 10 abuts against the upper end surface of the first lower pressure-bearing cushion block 13. The floating lifting elastic element 10 is at least provided with a first compression state and a second compression state between the lower cavity die 8 and the first lower pressure-bearing cushion block 13, wherein the first compression state is that the floating lifting elastic element 10 supports the lower end face of the lower cavity die 8 to be spaced on the upper end face of the pressure-bearing cushion block 11 of the lower cavity die, namely, floats above the pressure-bearing cushion block 11 of the lower cavity die; the second compression state is that the floating lifting elastic element 10 is compressed until the lower end face of the lower cavity die 8 abuts against the upper end face of the pressure-bearing cushion block 11 of the lower cavity die, and the first lower ejector rod 9 partially stretches into the lower cavity die. When the die is assembled, the floating die lifting elastic element 10 is compressed under the pressure of the upper tooth die 1, the floating die lifting elastic element 10 is in a second compressed state, the end part of the first lower ejector rod 9, which is close to the first upper die, is in contact with a blank in the lower die cavity, and a concave structure towards the inside of the tooth blank is forged on the journal end surface of the tooth blank during forming.
Meanwhile, in the upper tooth mold 1, when the first upper material-beating elastic element 6 is in the second state during mold closing, the end part of the first upper material-beating ejector rod 2, which is close to the first lower mold, also partially stretches into the upper tooth mold cavity to be in contact with the blank, and a concave structure towards the inside of the tooth blank is forged on the tooth-shaped end surface of the formed tooth blank. The concave structures at the two ends of the tooth blank can obviously improve the utilization rate of materials by 3% on the basis of the utilization rate of the existing blank.
During rough forging, the first guide cylinder 7 is arranged on the outer circumference of the upper tooth die 1, so that the lower cavity die 8 can be accurately guided during die assembly, the central axes of the upper tooth die 1 and the lower cavity die 8 are ensured to coincide, the error modulus between the upper die and the lower die is controlled within 0.3mm, and meanwhile, the upper tooth die 1 is provided with prestress, so that the problems of tooth profile precision out-of-tolerance and flash caused by tooth profile deformation of the upper tooth die 1 due to three-dimensional compressive stress are prevented.
As shown in fig. 8 and 9, the second upper die further comprises a second upper knockout ejector rod 16, an upper cavity die pressure-bearing cushion block 17, a second upper transition cushion block 18, a second upper pressure-bearing cushion block 19 and a second upper knockout elastic element 20, wherein an upper die cavity with a downward opening is arranged in the middle of the lower end surface of the upper cavity die 15, and the upper die cavity part protrudes downwards from the lower end surface of the upper cavity die 15 to form an upper cavity die excircle guide part. The second upper knockout ejector rod 16 is vertically arranged in the inner holes of the upper cavity die 15 and the upper cavity die pressure-bearing cushion block 17 and is supported on a second upper transition cushion block 18 which is movably arranged in the inner holes of the upper cavity die pressure-bearing cushion block 17 and the second upper pressure-bearing cushion block 19; the second upper transition cushion block 18 is a step shaft, and a step surface of the second upper transition cushion block 18 is supported on the upper end surface of the upper cavity die pressure-bearing cushion block 17. The second upper material-beating elastic element 20 is vertically arranged in the inner hole of the second upper pressure-bearing cushion block 19, the lower end surface of the second upper material-beating elastic element 20 is abutted against the upper end surface of the second upper transition cushion block 18, and the second upper material-beating elastic element 20, the second upper transition cushion block 18 and the second upper material-beating ejector rod 16 form a coaxial propping structure.
In order to ensure that the second upper knockout pin 16 can rapidly disengage the formed gear from the upper cavity die 15 when demolding, the second upper knockout elastic element 20 has at least a third state and a fourth state in the inner hole of the second upper pressure-bearing cushion block 19; specifically, the third state is that the second upper material-beating elastic element 20 supports the step surface of the second upper transition cushion block 18 to be abutted against the upper end surface of the upper cavity die pressure-bearing cushion block 17, and the second upper material-beating ejector rod 16 part extends into the upper cavity die cavity; the fourth state is that the second upper material-beating elastic element 20 is in a compressed state, and the step surface of the second upper transition cushion block 18 is spaced from the upper end surface of the upper cavity die pressure-bearing cushion block 17.
Similar to the rough forging and material beating process, the second upper material beating elastic element 20 is acted in a third state in the initial stage, and is extruded by a blank in the cavity of the upper female die in the die assembly process, and the second upper material beating ejector rod 16 upwardly compresses the second upper material beating elastic element 20 through the second upper transition cushion block 18, so that the pre-tightening energy storage of the second upper material beating elastic element 20 is realized; during demolding, the upper cavity die 15 immediately returns upwards after the sliding block of the electric screw press reaches the bottom dead center, the second upper material-beating elastic element 20 automatically recovers deformation without hydraulic starting, energy storage is rapidly released, the second upper material-beating elastic element 20 downwards pushes the second upper material-beating ejector rod 16 through the second upper transition cushion block 18 until part of the second upper material-beating ejector rod extends into the upper die cavity, and the second upper material-beating ejector rod 16 pushes out a gear obtained by precision forging and is separated from the upper cavity die 15.
As shown in fig. 10, the second lower die further comprises a second lower ejector rod 22, a lower tooth die pressure-bearing cushion block 23, a second lower transition cushion block 24, a second lower pressure-bearing cushion block 25 and a second lower ejector rod 26, wherein the lower tooth die 21 is matched with the upper cavity die 15, a lower tooth die cavity with an upward opening is arranged on the upper end surface of the lower tooth die 21, and a second guide cylinder 27 is sleeved on the outer circumference of the lower tooth die 21; the upper end surface of the second guide cylinder 27 protrudes upwards from the upper end surface of the lower tooth die 21, and the inner hole of the second guide cylinder 27 is matched with the outer circumference of the outer circle guide part of the upper cavity die. The second lower ejector rod 22 is vertically arranged in the inner holes of the lower tooth mold 21 and the lower tooth mold pressure-bearing cushion block 23, the second lower ejector rod 22 is supported by a second lower transition cushion block 24 movably arranged in the inner hole of the lower tooth mold pressure-bearing cushion block 23, and the second lower ejector rod 22 partially stretches into the lower tooth mold cavity; the second lower transition cushion block 24 is arranged as a vertical cylinder shaft, and the lower end surface of the cylinder shaft is supported on the upper end surface of the second lower pressure-bearing cushion block 25. The second lower ejector rod 26 is vertically arranged in an inner hole of the second lower pressure-bearing cushion block 25, the upper end surface of the second lower ejector rod 26 is abutted against the lower end surface of the second lower transition cushion block 24, and the second lower ejector rod 26, the second lower transition cushion block 24 and the second lower ejector rod 22 form a coaxial jacking structure.
The second guide cylinder 27 in finish forging achieves the same technical effect as that in rough forging, guides and provides prestress, specifically, the second guide cylinder 27 on the outer circumference of the lower tooth die 21 is matched with the outer circle guide part of the upper cavity die in die closing, the upper cavity die 15 is accurately guided, the central axes of the upper cavity die 15 and the lower tooth die 21 are ensured to coincide, the error modulus between the upper die and the lower die in finish forging is controlled within 0.3mm, meanwhile, the prestress is provided for the lower tooth die 21, the problem of tooth profile precision reduction caused by tooth profile deformation of the lower tooth die in a three-way compressive stress state is avoided, and tooth die loss is reduced. In the embodiment, in order to improve the consistency of tooth form precision during precision forging and prolong the service life of a precision forging die, the exhaust holes are arranged on the outer circle guide part of the upper cavity die, so that the lubricant is ensured to be uniformly distributed on the tooth surface of the upper tooth model cavity, and the service life of the precision forging die is prolonged by more than 68.75%.
In the embodiment, in order to ensure that the first guide cylinder 7 and the second guide cylinder 27 have enough rigidity to guide and provide prestress for the cavity die, the first guide cylinder 7 and the second guide cylinder 27 are made of H13 die steel with the hardness of HRC44-HRC48, the upper end surface of the first guide cylinder 7 is abutted against the lower end surface of the upper tooth die pressure-bearing cushion block 3, the lower end surface of the second guide cylinder 27 is abutted against the upper end surface of the lower tooth die pressure-bearing cushion block 23, the first guide cylinder 7 is in interference fit with the upper tooth die 1, the second guide cylinder 27 is in interference fit with the lower tooth die 21, and the interference coefficient is kept to be optimal between 4 permillage and 6 permillage. Meanwhile, in order to ensure the implementation effect of the first guide cylinder 7 and the second guide cylinder 27, the height difference between the lower end surface of the first guide cylinder 7 and the lower end surface of the upper tooth mold 1 in the vertical direction is defined as H1, the height difference between the upper end surface of the second guide cylinder 27 and the upper end surface of the lower tooth mold 21 in the vertical direction is defined as H2, the height of the outer circle guide part of the upper cavity mold protruding out of the lower end surface of the upper cavity mold 15 is H3, and then H3 = H2, H2 is more than or equal to 23mm, and H1 is more than or equal to 40mm; if the lower cavity die 8 has entered the inside of the first guide cylinder 7 by more than 5mm over the entire outer circumference when the upper tooth die 1 does not contact the blank.
Further with the embodiment shown in fig. 1, the lower cavity die pressure-bearing cushion block 11 is further provided with a plurality of through holes penetrating through the upper end face and the lower end face of the lower cavity die pressure-bearing cushion block 11, the through holes are uniformly distributed along the circumference of the inner hole of the lower cavity die pressure-bearing cushion block, and the floating lifting die elastic element 10 is arranged in the through holes and is arranged as a spring. In the embodiment shown in the attached drawings, 4 through holes are arranged on the periphery of an inner hole of a pressure-bearing cushion block of a lower cavity die, rectangular springs are selected as springs, the types of the springs are SG25X12.5X125, the 4 rectangular springs are uniformly distributed in the through holes in a combined mode, the preset compression stroke of the rectangular springs is 10mm, and namely the floating height of the lower cavity die 8 on the upper end face of the pressure-bearing cushion block 11 of the lower cavity die is not more than 10mm.
In order to reduce the axial space occupied by arranging the upper material-beating elastic element in the upper die, the first upper material-beating elastic element 6 is set to be a first nitrogen spring, the second upper material-beating elastic element 20 is set to be a second nitrogen spring, and the types of the nitrogen springs are U4700-16. Meanwhile, as the nitrogen spring has higher requirements on the service environment temperature, the normal service temperature of the nitrogen spring is within the range of 0-40 ℃, otherwise, early failure of a sealing element of the nitrogen spring can be caused, the normal service life of the nitrogen spring is reduced, and the continuity of automatic line production is affected, so that in order to ensure the stability of the service environment temperature of the nitrogen spring, the embodiment adjusts the nitrogen spring to the normal working temperature by arranging a first cooling mechanism in the first upper pressure-bearing cushion block 5 and a second cooling mechanism in the second upper pressure-bearing cushion block 19, as shown in fig. 4 and 9. The cooling mechanism can be realized by adopting a mode of combining a temperature thermocouple with a cooling circulation channel, for example, the lower limit temperature of the temperature thermocouple is set to 10 ℃, the upper limit temperature of the temperature thermocouple is set to 30 ℃, signals are transmitted to a control center PLC through the temperature thermocouple, and a PLC instruction switch is used for introducing compressed air into the cooling circulation channel to ensure that a nitrogen spring works in a specified environment temperature.
The warm forging precision forming die for the straight bevel gear changes the damaged form of the rough forging die into normal abrasion failure by adopting the modes of adjusting the die composition, automatically punching the upper die, accurately positioning the blank, arranging the prestress guide mechanism and the like, obviously improves the service life of the rough forging die and the finish forging die, and improves the tooth form precision and the blank utilization rate.
While the invention has been described with reference to preferred embodiments, it is not intended to be limiting. Those skilled in the art will appreciate that various modifications and adaptations can be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Accordingly, the scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims.
Claims (8)
1. The warm forging precision forming die for the straight bevel gear comprises a rough forging die and a finish forging die which are formed by an automatic line of an electric screw press, wherein a first upper die and a first lower die are defined by taking a die cavity parting surface in the rough forging die as a boundary, and a second upper die and a second lower die are defined by taking a die cavity parting surface in the finish forging die as a boundary; the first upper die is characterized by comprising an upper tooth die, a first upper material beating ejector rod, an upper tooth die pressure-bearing cushion block, a first upper transition cushion block, a first upper pressure-bearing cushion block, a first upper material beating elastic element and a first guide cylinder;
The lower end face of the upper tooth die is provided with an upper tooth die cavity with a downward opening, the outer circumference of the upper tooth die is sleeved with a first guide cylinder, and the lower end face of the first guide cylinder protrudes downwards from the lower end face of the upper tooth die; defining the height difference between the lower end surface of the first guide cylinder and the lower end surface of the upper tooth die in the vertical direction as H1, wherein H1 is more than or equal to 40mm; the first upper material-beating ejector rod is vertically arranged in the inner holes of the upper tooth die and the upper tooth die pressure-bearing cushion block and is supported on the first upper transition cushion block which is movably arranged in the upper tooth die pressure-bearing cushion block and the inner holes of the first upper pressure-bearing cushion block; the first upper transition cushion block is a step shaft, and a step surface of the first upper transition cushion block is supported on the upper end surface of the upper tooth die pressure-bearing cushion block; the first upper material-beating elastic element is vertically arranged in the inner hole of the first upper pressure-bearing cushion block, the lower end face of the first upper material-beating elastic element is abutted against the upper end face of the first upper transition cushion block, and the first upper material-beating elastic element, the first upper transition cushion block and the first upper material-beating ejector rod form a coaxial propping structure;
The first upper material beating elastic element is at least provided with a first state and a second state in an inner hole of the first upper pressure bearing cushion block; the first state is that the first upper material-beating elastic element supports the step surface of the first upper transition cushion block to be abutted against the upper end surface of the upper tooth mold pressure-bearing cushion block, and the first upper material-beating ejector rod part stretches into the upper tooth mold cavity; the second state is that the first upper material-beating elastic element is in a compressed state, and the step surface of the first upper transition cushion block is spaced on the upper end surface of the upper tooth mold pressure-bearing cushion block;
the first lower die comprises a lower cavity die, a first lower ejection rod, a floating lifting die elastic element, a lower cavity die pressure-bearing cushion block, a first lower transition cushion block, a first lower pressure-bearing cushion block and a first lower ejection rod;
The upper end face of the lower cavity die is provided with a lower female die cavity with an upward opening, the lower cavity die is matched with the upper tooth die, and the outer circumference of the lower cavity die is matched with the inner hole of the first guide cylinder; the lower cavity die pressure-bearing cushion block is provided with an inner hole in the middle, the first lower ejector rod is vertically arranged in the inner holes of the lower cavity die and the lower cavity die pressure-bearing cushion block, and the first lower ejector rod is supported by a first lower transition cushion block movably arranged in the inner hole of the lower cavity die pressure-bearing cushion block; the first lower transition cushion block is arranged as a vertical cylindrical shaft, and the lower end face of the cylindrical shaft is supported on the upper end face of the first lower pressure-bearing cushion block; the first lower ejection rod is vertically arranged in the inner hole of the first lower pressure-bearing cushion block, the upper end face of the first lower ejection rod is abutted against the lower end face of the first lower transition cushion block, and the first lower ejection rod, the first lower transition cushion block and the first lower ejection rod form a coaxial propping structure;
The floating lifting die elastic element is arranged between the lower cavity die and the first lower pressure-bearing cushion block, the upper end face of the floating lifting die elastic element is abutted against the lower end face of the lower cavity die, and the lower end face of the floating lifting die elastic element is abutted against the upper end face of the first lower pressure-bearing cushion block; the floating lifting elastic element is at least provided with a first compression state and a second compression state between the lower cavity die and the first lower pressure-bearing cushion block, the first compression state is that the floating lifting elastic element supports the lower end face of the lower cavity die to be spaced from the upper end face of the lower cavity die pressure-bearing cushion block, the second compression state is that the floating lifting elastic element is compressed until the lower end face of the lower cavity die is abutted against the upper end face of the lower cavity die pressure-bearing cushion block, and the first lower ejection rod part extends into the lower cavity die;
The second upper die comprises an upper cavity die, the second lower die comprises a lower tooth die, and the lower tooth die is adapted to the upper cavity die;
The second upper die further comprises a second upper material-beating ejector rod, an upper cavity die pressure-bearing cushion block, a second upper transition cushion block, a second upper pressure-bearing cushion block and a second upper material-beating elastic element;
an upper female die cavity with a downward opening is arranged at the center of the lower end face of the upper cavity die, and the upper female die cavity part protrudes downwards from the lower end face of the upper cavity die to form an upper cavity die excircle guide part; the second upper knockout ejector rod is vertically arranged in the inner holes of the upper cavity die and the upper cavity die pressure-bearing cushion block and is supported on a second upper transition cushion block which is movably arranged in the upper cavity die pressure-bearing cushion block and the inner holes of the second upper pressure-bearing cushion block; the second upper transition cushion block is a step shaft, and the step surface of the second upper transition cushion block is supported on the upper end surface of the upper cavity die pressure-bearing cushion block; the second upper material-beating elastic element is vertically arranged in the inner hole of the second upper pressure-bearing cushion block, the lower end face of the second upper material-beating elastic element is abutted against the upper end face of the second upper transition cushion block, and the second upper material-beating elastic element, the second upper transition cushion block and the second upper material-beating ejector rod form a coaxial propping structure;
The second upper material beating elastic element is at least provided with a third state and a fourth state in an inner hole of the second upper pressure bearing cushion block; the third state is that the step surface of the second upper material-beating elastic element supporting the second upper transition cushion block is abutted against the upper end surface of the upper cavity die pressure-bearing cushion block, and the second upper material-beating ejector rod part extends into the upper cavity die cavity; the fourth state is that the second upper material-beating elastic element is in a compressed state, and the step surface of the second upper transition cushion block is spaced on the upper end surface of the upper cavity die pressure-bearing cushion block;
The second lower die further comprises a second lower ejection rod, a lower tooth die pressure-bearing cushion block, a second lower transition cushion block, a second lower pressure-bearing cushion block and a second lower ejection rod; the upper end face of the lower tooth mold is provided with a lower tooth mold cavity with an upward opening, and the outer circumference of the lower tooth mold is sleeved with a second guide cylinder; the upper end surface of the second guide cylinder protrudes upwards from the upper end surface of the lower tooth die, and an inner hole of the second guide cylinder is matched with the outer circumference of the outer circle guide part of the upper cavity die; the second lower ejector rod is vertically arranged in the inner holes of the lower tooth mold and the pressure-bearing cushion block of the lower tooth mold, and is supported by a second lower transition cushion block movably arranged in the inner hole of the pressure-bearing cushion block of the lower tooth mold, and a part of the second lower ejector rod extends into the cavity of the lower tooth mold; the second lower transition cushion block is arranged as a vertical cylinder shaft, and the lower end surface of the cylinder shaft is supported on the upper end surface of the second lower pressure-bearing cushion block; the second lower ejector rod is vertically arranged in an inner hole of the second lower pressure-bearing cushion block, the upper end face of the second lower ejector rod is abutted against the lower end face of the second lower transition cushion block, and the second lower ejector rod, the second lower transition cushion block and the second lower ejector rod form a coaxial jacking structure.
2. The precision forming die for warm forging of a straight bevel gear according to claim 1, wherein a height difference between an upper end face of the second guide cylinder and an upper end face of the lower tooth die in a vertical direction is defined as H2, and a height of an outer circle guide part of the upper cavity die protruding from a lower end face of the upper cavity die is defined as H3, so that h3=h2, and H3 is not less than 23mm.
3. The bevel gear hot forging precision forming die of claim 1, wherein the upper cavity die outer circle guide part is provided with an exhaust hole.
4. The precise forming die for warm forging of the bevel gear with the straight bevel gear according to claim 1, wherein the upper end face of the first guide cylinder is abutted against the lower end face of the pressure-bearing cushion block of the upper tooth die, the lower end face of the second guide cylinder is abutted against the upper end face of the pressure-bearing cushion block of the lower tooth die, and the first guide cylinder is in interference fit with the upper tooth die and the second guide cylinder is in interference fit with the lower tooth die.
5. The straight bevel gear warm forging precision forming die according to claim 1, wherein the lower cavity die pressure-bearing cushion block is further provided with a plurality of through holes penetrating through the upper end face and the lower end face of the lower cavity die pressure-bearing cushion block, and the through holes are uniformly distributed along the inner hole circumference of the lower cavity die pressure-bearing cushion block; the floating lifting elastic element is arranged in the through hole and is arranged as a spring.
6. The bevel gear hot forging precision forming die according to claim 4, wherein the first guide cylinder and the second guide cylinder are made of H13 die steel.
7. The bevel gear hot forging precision forming die of claim 1, wherein the first upper punch elastic element is provided as a first nitrogen spring and the second upper punch elastic element is provided as a second nitrogen spring.
8. The bevel gear hot forging precision forming die of claim 7, wherein a first cooling mechanism is arranged in the first upper pressure-bearing cushion block, and a second cooling mechanism is arranged in the second upper pressure-bearing cushion block.
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| CN202010445442.2A CN111687356B (en) | 2020-05-24 | 2020-05-24 | Warm forging precision forming die for straight bevel gear |
| PCT/CN2021/077143 WO2021238307A1 (en) | 2020-05-24 | 2021-02-22 | Precision forming die for warm forging of straight bevel gear |
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| CN202010445442.2A CN111687356B (en) | 2020-05-24 | 2020-05-24 | Warm forging precision forming die for straight bevel gear |
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| CN111687356B (en) * | 2020-05-24 | 2024-05-24 | 江苏飞船股份有限公司 | Warm forging precision forming die for straight bevel gear |
| CN113909418A (en) * | 2021-10-08 | 2022-01-11 | 青州市建富齿轮有限公司 | Forging die for drive bevel gear |
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| Publication number | Publication date |
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| WO2021238307A1 (en) | 2021-12-02 |
| CN111687356A (en) | 2020-09-22 |
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