CN1232092A

CN1232092A - Process for enzyme-chemically degumming ramie

Info

Publication number: CN1232092A
Application number: CN 98111947
Authority: CN
Inventors: 陈一平
Original assignee: Chengdu Institute of Biology of CAS
Current assignee: Chengdu Institute of Biology of CAS
Priority date: 1998-04-10
Filing date: 1998-04-10
Publication date: 1999-10-20
Anticipated expiration: 2018-04-10
Also published as: CN1094527C

Abstract

A technique for degumming ramie features the combination of chemical method with high-activity mixed enzyme which includes pectase, xylanase and beta-mannanase. It can degradate pectin, xylan, galactomannan, glucomannan, and galactoglucomannan fully. For the degummed ramie, the residual gum rate is 1.06%. The liner density is 1887.0 grams. The breaking strength is 10.13 CN/dtex. Its advantages are shorter process, less consumption of chemical reagent, low environmental pollution and low production cost.

Description

The invention process for enzyme-chemically degumming ramie.

The invention belongs to the enzyme-chemically degumming technology of ramie.

The surface of ramee has the colloid of 20-30% approximately.For making ramee have good filament characteristic and spinnability, before being used for weaving, must come unstuck.For a long time, the industrial production of ramie all adopts chemical degumming technique.This technological process is long, cost is high, energy consumption is big, equipment corrosion and environmental pollution serious, working condition is poor, especially some composition such as the hemicellulose of ramie colloid in the alkali lye of the long-time low concentration of High Temperature High Pressure are difficult for being degraded, cause the hard drafting of degummed ramie many, have influence on the quality of ramee.In order to solve the problem that existing technology is come unstuck and existed, in recent years, some research departments according to the composition of ramie colloid, had carried out the research of coming unstuck of microbial method or enzyme process both at home and abroad, produced bacterium as Yuanjiang crudefiber crop research institute of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences with pectase and came unstuck; Shandong University comes unstuck with pectase; Wuhan University comes unstuck with the pectase that Alkaliphilic bacillus produces; Japan with pectase and cellulase mixed enzyme come unstuck (the concise method that the spy opens clear 51-149976 string enzyme), U.S. Michael C.Jaskowski is with the acidic aqueous solution of fungal pectinase come unstuck (United States Patent (USP) 4,568, No. 739).The result of these methods compares with traditional handicraft and has large improvement, but because of its use be single culture, single enzyme, thereby its residual gum content is still higher.

In view of the problem of above-mentioned existence, seek a kind ofly to reduce environmental pollution, shortened process, raising degummed ramie quality, reduce cost and the method for energy consumption is a purpose of the present invention.

Prove according to document and research practice, the colloid composition of ramie is not only the pectin that accounts for total rubber 14%, a large amount of is the hemicellulose that accounts for total glue content 44.38%, it is reported, the ramie hemicellulose is based on galactomannans, glucomannan, gala glucomannan, these colloids are under High Temperature High Pressure low-concentration alkali liquor condition, though also be difficult for being degraded through long-time kiering, also can only depolymerized pectin matter with single pectase, alkali stable hemicellulose is not degraded or is degraded seldom, the high reason of residual gum content that this just causes existing technology to exist.According to the ramee colloid is formed a part result of study, the present invention to the solution of China grass degumming technology is, emphasis solves the enzymic degradation of hemicellulose, and screening has highly active 'beta '-mannase, zytase and pectase and carries out mixed enzyme method and chemical degumming.

Content of the present invention:

1. the pectase of the high vigor of screening tool produces bacterium Bacillus sp.X ₁₁₂, zytase produces bacterium Bacillus sp.X ₁₀₃, 'beta '-mannase produces bacterium Bacillus sp.M ₅₀

2. enzyme is produced in three bacterium mixed culture fermentations

Mixed fermentive culture medium is formed (gL ^-1)

Konjaku powder 18～22 KH ₂PO ₄0.2～0.4

Edible pectin 4～6 brewer's yeasts 15～25

Wheat bran 90～110 mineral salt storing solution 20ml

NH ₄CL 2.5～3.5 pH7.2-7.5 (20%Na ₂CO ₃Regulate)

Na ₂HPO ₄The 20min 3.5～4.5 0.1MPa sterilize.

The cultivation that takes by weighing above-mentioned composition is based in the 100L fermentation tank, with 30-32 ℃, 200r.min ^-11:0.75vvm throughput, 2% inoculum concentration behind the venting cultivation of 28-36h, is emitted karusen, with the concentration adding thalline flocculant of 100ppm/L.The thalline flocculant can be polyacrylamide or Fen, shallow lake and polyacrylamide graft copolymer, CaCl ₂-Na ₂HPO ₄, aluminum sulfate or alkali formula flow sour aluminium, diatomite, potassium ferrocyanide, zinc sulfate, ferric trichloride, sulfonated polystyrene, poly-alanine and dextran etc.After crossing the elimination thalline, in filtrate, add (the NH of 30～40% saturation degrees ₄) ₂SO ₄, with the enzyme precipitation, the centrifugal thick enzyme precipitation of mixed enzyme that promptly gets.

With mixing thick enzyme mud (precipitation) 50g or mixing thick enzyme concentrate 150ml and the 50g ramie carries out enzymolysis method for degumming at 50 ° of C and takes out clean after 4 hours, after drying moisture, add the NaOH of 1.50～2.50g and the NaCL (with the ramie weight ratio) of 3-5%, in bath raio is 1: 10,0.13Mpa kiering 2h under the condition, take out after washing, dry water, handle 10min with the industrial sulphuric acid of 0.2-0.3% again, washing, handle 10min → washing → oven dry (or drying in the shade) → last oil emulsion with NaOCL decolouring → washing → 0.2-0.3% industrial sulphuric acid, promptly get the degummed ramie finished product.Finished product is through quality testing, and the result is: residual gum content: 1.06% (ramie raw ramie gel content is 28.16%), and line density: 1887.0, fracture strength 10.13CN/dtex (powerful 62.3CN), runner rate 0.0%.

Advantage of the present invention:

1. use mixed enzyme to come unstuck, not only make the pectin in the colloid obtain degraded, more important is that galactomannans, glucomannan and gala glucomannan and the xylan of forming hemicellulose in the colloid can fully be degraded under the effect of 'beta '-mannase and zytase, thereby obtains the ramee of loose fully no hard drafting;

2. can reduce the kind and the consumption of chemical reagent, alleviate pollution, reduce production cost environment;

3. shorten technological process, shortened the processing time, improved output;

4. improved the quality of degummed ramie.

Embodiment 1:

The mixed fermentive culture medium of packing in 100 liters of fermentation tanks, the inoculum concentration of bacterial classification is 2%, at 30～32 ℃, 200r.min ^-11:0.75vvm under the throughput condition, cultivation 28h.DNS method is measured enzyme activity and is:

The beta-mannase enzyme activity is: 59000u.ml ^-1

Xylanase activity: 1632u.ml ^-1

Pectinase activity: 2548u.ml ^-1

Embodiment 2:

Measure the 300ml mixed enzyme solution, add 1700mlH ₂O makes volume become 2000ml, uses 20%Na ₂CO ₃Regulatory enzyme liquid pH is 6.0～7.0, adds triton X-1002ml, immerses raw ramie 100g, puts 50 ℃ of insulation reaction 4h, takes out, clean, and with 3-5gNaOH and 3-5gNaCl, 1: 10 bath raio, the concise 2h of 0.12MPa takes out washing, dries.0.2～0.3% industrial sulphuric acid is handled 10min, washing, and the NaOCl decolouring, 0.2～0.3% industrial sulphuric acid soaked 10 minutes, and washing is dried in the shade or low temperature drying, and last oil emulsion is degummed ramie.The quality testing result is:

Line density: 1830 (5.46dtex)

Fibrous fracture intensity: 8.58CN/dtex (46.85CN)

Runner rate: 0.68%

Residual gum content: 1.48%

Regain: 7.86%

Claims

1 process for enzyme-chemically degumming ramie, it is characterized in that: enzyme process is used is that pectase produces bacterium, zytase and produces the mixed enzyme that bacterium, 'beta '-mannase produce pectase, zytase and 'beta '-mannase that bacterium mixed culture fermentation produced, chemical concise usefulness be NaOH and the NaCL of 3-5%.

2 by the described process for enzyme-chemically degumming ramie of claim 1, and it is characterized in that: being used to mix the bacterium that produces enzyme is: pectase produces bacterium Bacillus Sp.X ₁₁₂, zytase produces bacterium BacillusSp.X ₁₀₃, the living bacterium Bacillus of B-mannase Sp.M ₅₀

3 by the described process for enzyme-chemically degumming ramie of claim 2, and it is characterized in that: the culture medium of three bacterium mixed culture fermentations consists of (gL ^-1)

Konjaku flour 18～22 NH ₄CL 2.5～3.5

Edible pectin 4～6 brewer's yeasts 15～25

Wheat bran 90～110 mineral salt storing solution 20ml

Na ₂HPO ₄3.5～4.5 pH7.2～7.5 (Na ₂CO ₃Regulate)

KH ₂PO ₄The 20min 0.2～0.4 0.1MPa sterilizes.

4 by claim 1 or 3 described process for enzyme-chemically degumming ramie, it is characterized in that: the used thalline flocculant of the zymotic fluid of three bacterium mixed culture fermentations can be polyacrylamide or starch and polyacrylamide graft copolymer, aluminum sulfate or basic aluminium sulphate, diatomite, potassium ferrocyanide, zinc sulfate, CaCL ₂-Na ₂HPO ₄, ferric trichloride, sulfonated polystyrene, poly-alanine and dextran etc.

5 by the described process for enzyme-chemically degumming ramie of claim 4, it is characterized in that: producing used enzyme precipitating agent in the mixed enzyme process in fermentation is 30～40% ammonium sulfate.