CN1226442C - Austenitic stainless steel having low nickel content - Google Patents
Austenitic stainless steel having low nickel content Download PDFInfo
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- CN1226442C CN1226442C CN 02152273 CN02152273A CN1226442C CN 1226442 C CN1226442 C CN 1226442C CN 02152273 CN02152273 CN 02152273 CN 02152273 A CN02152273 A CN 02152273A CN 1226442 C CN1226442 C CN 1226442C
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Abstract
The present invention relates to austenitic stainless steel with low nickel content, which comprises 0.03 to 0.12 %t of carbon, 0.2 to 1.0%t of silicon, 7.5 to 10.5%t of manganese, 14.0 to 16.0%t of chromium, 1.0 to 5.0%t of nickel, 0.04 to 0.25%t of nitrogen, 1.0 to 3.5%t of copper, various trace elements and an equilibrated iron element. In addition, the phase value of high temperature ferrite of the austenitic stainless steel is not bigger than 8.5, and simultaneously, the phase value of the high temperature ferrite is equal to 6.77 *(chromium %t+ molybdenum %t+1.5* silicon %t)-4.85*(nickel %t+30* carbon %t+30* nitrogen %t+0.5* manganese %t+0.3* copper %t)-52.75, wherein %t expresses weight percentage. The austenitic stainless steel has good corrosion resistance, and can replace a part of 304 stainless steel. The austenitic stainless steel can be used for pipe fittings and general purposes for shallow punching processing.
Description
(1) technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of stainless steel, particularly relate to a kind of austenite stainless steel that replaces 304 stainless steel parts purposes.
(2) background technology
In recent years stainless steel is because of expanding economy, growth in the living standard and being used in a large number, wherein because of austenite stainless steel because of have good solidity to corrosion, processibility is most widely used, especially general household implements is as kitchen tools, sanitary bath equipment hardware or the like.
But austenite stainless steel must add expensive nickel mutually in order to obtain stable austenite, this forms a kind of restriction in the consideration of economy, because of nickel content does not enrich but the stable increase of demand, therefore the cost of nickel raises successively and causes necessary nickeliferous stainless steel price volalility very big, and when price is lasting high, then may make its forfeiture competitive edge because of price is surging, so develop low nickel content and have the solidity to corrosion close and the Stainless Steel Alloy of mechanical properties with existing 304 stainless steels, become the target that the researchist makes great efforts, each big factory is there's no one who doesn't or isn't towards these direction research and development, in the hope of obtaining the relative cost advantage.
Generally speaking, make that the mutually stable element of austenite comprises elements such as nickel, copper, manganese, nitrogen, carbon in the stainless steel, reduce nickel content and then facilitate the formation of high temperature ferrite phase, make austenite will become unstable mutually, therefore, must be stablized by the interpolation of other elements, avoid stainless steel to generate the high temperature ferrite easily and cause elevated temperature heat processibility deterioration mutually, be brought the obstacle on the processing procedure.
Though many people propose many related invention patents, as be disclosed in the Taiwan patent of invention the 289054th, though attempt to propose new estimation equation to be used for estimating that the high temperature ferrite is worth mutually, but because it is under chromium 17%T prerequisite, consider the stable element of relevant austenite phase, as influences such as nickel, copper, manganese, nitrogen, carbon, but element doping proportion is unlikely in what scope to cause breaking of processing between heat because of not spelling out, so still can't address the above problem at all.
In addition, two patents of invention such as Japanese kokai publication sho 61-124556 number, special fair 6-86645 number are respectively to come hot workability and red brittleness are improved to add calcium, basically, and with discussion direction of the present invention and inequality, so do not add to give unnecessary details.
In addition, attempt and is added reductors such as calcium, aluminium to reduce residual Jie at thing, to increase its solidity to corrosion by forcing down the generation of sulphur content in No. the 452600th, the Taiwan patent of invention; Yet desire is made the high peace and quiet steel of this kind must use aluminium deoxidation, and adds calcium silicon line to adjust Jie at the thing composition, but the rate of recovery of calcium silicon line is also unstable, and must increase tap to tap time and raw materials cost thereof again, and the essence steel-making cost also will improve, therefore, also can't save cost relatively, seize competitive advantage.
To sum up state,, utilize the interpolation of manganese, copper, nitrogen to replace nickel content partly, and develop close corrosion proof alloy material is arranged, the real important topic of continually developing research for industry with 304 stainless steels how by alloy designs.
(3) summary of the invention
It is good to the purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of low nickel content and solidity to corrosion, is applicable to pipe fitting, the shallow austenite stainless steel that dashes processing.
For achieving the above object, the austenite stainless steel of a kind of low nickel content of the present invention comprises the carbon of a weight percent between 0.03 and 0.12, the element silicon of one weight percent between 0.2 and 1.0, the manganese element of one weight percent between 7.5 and 10.5, the chromium element of one weight percent between 14.0 and 16.0, the nickel element of one weight percent between 1.0 and 5.0, the nitrogen element of one weight percent between 0.04 and 0.25, the copper of one weight percent between 1.0 and 3.5, at least the various trace elements that comprises molybdenum, and equilibrated ferro element, one high temperature ferrite of this austenite stainless steel is worth mutually and is not more than 8.5, and this high temperature ferrite is worth=6.77 * (chromium %t+ molybdenum %t+1.5 * silicon %t)-4.85 * (nickel %t+30 * carbon %t+30 * nitrogen %t+0.5 * manganese %t+0.3 * copper %t)-52.75 mutually, and wherein %t represents weight percent; And cast the material reheat temperature before the hot rolling between 1050 ℃～1250 ℃.
(4) description of drawings
Fig. 1 is an experimental result broken line graph, and the austenite stainless steel of low nickel content of the present invention is described, hot-rolled temperature is when Celsius 1050 ~ 1250 spend, and the high temperature ferrite is worth not Yin Wendu mutually and raises and increase to cause rolling and prolong the generation that the limit is split.
(5) embodiment
The present invention is described in detail below in conjunction with drawings and Examples:
The austenite stainless steel of a kind of low nickel content of the present invention is that to be worth account form mutually be rationale to the high temperature ferrite with existing Di Long organization chart gained, and study the influence of wherein adding element proportion in great detail, and measure the ferrite residual quantity and each composition element is done linear regression by actual experiment, and develop one can more accurate prediction austenite stainless steel mechanical properties the high temperature ferrite be worth calculation formula mutually, the high temperature ferrite is worth=6.77 * (chromium %t+ molybdenum %t+1.5 * silicon %t)-4.85 * (nickel %t+30 * carbon %t+30 * nitrogen %t+0.5 * manganese %t+0.3 * copper %t)-52.75 mutually, and wherein %t represents weight percent; Simultaneously, the weight percent of the carbon (C) that control is added is between 0.03 and 0.12, the weight percent of silicon (Si) is between 0.2 and 1.0, the weight percent of manganese (Mn) is between 7.5 and 10.5, the weight percent of chromium (Cr) is between 14.0 and 16.0, the weight percent of nickel (Ni) is between 1.0 and 5.0, the weight percent of nitrogen (N) is between 0.04 and 0.25, the weight percent of copper (Cu) is between 1.0 and 3.5, various trace elements, and equilibrated ferro element, these trace elements comprise molybdenum (Mo) at least, 5 to 30ppm boron (B), sulphur (S) less than 150ppm, weight percent is less than 0.06 phosphorus (P), and the high temperature ferrite is worth mutually be not more than 8.5, thereby finish the austenite stainless steel of low nickel content of the present invention, and can low nickel content and low chromium content, significantly reduce raw materials cost, and possess good solidity to corrosion, and can replace general 304 stainless steels of part, be used for general more not harsh working conditions, as pipe fitting, shallow purposes such as general vessel of dashing processing.
Because nickel is precious metal, must reduce necessary materials amount as far as possible, with the reduction raw materials cost, but nickel is again the important stable element of austenite phase, can suppress austenite and change the marquensite phase mutually into, increase the ability of the anti-reductinic acid of stainless steel itself simultaneously, and can promote cold-working, therefore the weight percent that focuses on reducing nickel of the present invention is between 1.0 to 5.0, significantly to reduce raw materials cost, the solidity to corrosion that simultaneously still can possess stainless steel itself, and associated mechanical character.
And chromium is the stable element of mainly against corrosion and ferrite phase, but considers for raw materials cost simultaneously, and therefore the weight percent of control interpolation chromium is between 14 and 16; In addition, nitrogen, manganese and copper are the stable element of austenite phase, therefore with weight percent between 0.04 to 0.25 nitrogen, weight percent between 7.5 to 10.5 manganese, with weight percent between 1.0 to 3.5 copper, replace part of nickel, reduce raw materials cost.
Carbon is the strong stability element of austenite phase, but its weight percent Tai Gaoyi reduces solidity to corrosion simultaneously, and easily bring out marquensite and cause season cracking, so the austenite stainless steel of low nickel content of the present invention, the weight percent of the carbon that control is added is between 0.03 and 0.12; And, in stainless steel refining process, must carry out deoxidation as reductor with silicon, therefore a predetermined weight percent must be arranged, but silicon is unfavorable for the stable of austenite phase simultaneously, therefore control the weight percent of silicon between 0.2 and 1.0.
In addition, the weight percent of limits boron is between 5 ~ 30ppm, can make the hot workability of austenite stainless steel of low nickel content of the present invention preferable; And sulphur, phosphorus detrimental impurity element though content is lower better, when considering refining processing procedure cost simultaneously, then only need limit sulphur content less than 150ppm, and the weight percent of phosphorus gets final product less than 0.06.
Consult Fig. 1, by actual experiment as can be known, can enter the high temperature two-phase region when spending,, make the limit split probability and significantly improve along with temperature raises and ferrite is increased mutually rapidly when the austenite stainless steel hot-rolled temperature of low nickel content of the present invention surpasses Celsius 1250; And if temperature is lower than 1050 degree Celsius, then stainless distortion impedance meeting raises and is unfavorable for rolling between heat and prolongs, therefore, when carrying out rolling between heat between between 1050 ~ 1250 degree Celsius, prolongs casting material reheat temperature before the hot rolling, can effectively guarantee the hot rolling quality, and finish the austenite stainless steel of low nickel content of the present invention; Can clearly understand simultaneously by table 1, the austenite stainless steel of low nickel content of the present invention control high temperature ferrite be worth mutually be not more than 8.5 after, can not make the limit split defective really and produce.
Table 2 is austenite stainless steel and general 304 stainless steels of explanation low nickel content of the present invention, the one-tenth of each test piece is grouped into and passes through salt-fog test (ASTMB117) back result's comparison sheet, at first, another preferred embodiment of the austenite stainless steel of low nickel content of the present invention, can (only disclose carbon in the table by the enforcement aspect of clearly understanding its multiple heterogeneity combination in the table 2, silicon, manganese, chromium, copper, element wt per-cents such as boron), for example test piece number 1, the weight percent that promptly is carbon is 0.058, the weight percent of silicon is 0.48, the weight percent of manganese is 7.56, the weight percent of chromium is 15.26, the weight percent of molybdenum is 0.24, the weight percent of copper is 1.79, and the weight percent of boron is 0.0001, numerous because of the array mode of the moiety of the austenite stainless steel of low nickel content of the present invention, no longer add to illustrate at this.
Moreover, by the experimental result comparison sheet of table 2 salt-fog test as can be known, the austenite stainless steel of low nickel content of the present invention and general 304 stainless multiple test pieces, hot rolling is after after pickling and the solution treatment, carry out corrosion rate after the salt-fog test all less than 0.1%, the austenite stainless steel of proof low nickel content of the present invention, really has identical erosion resistance with general 304 stainless steels, be used for general more not harsh working conditions and can replace general 304 stainless steels of part, as pipe fitting, the shallow purposes such as vessel of dashing the processing.
Table 3 is comparison sheets of the mechanical properties of an explanation austenite stainless steel of low nickel content of the present invention and general 304 each test piece of stainless steel, as shown in Table 3, when the austenite stainless steel of low nickel content of the present invention carries out mechanical robustness testing with the test piece of 3 millimeters of thickness, tensile strength between 618.4 ~ 642.6MPa, yield strength between 289.5 ~ 319.7MPa, hardness (HRB) between 82.3 ~ 84.7, and elongation is between 53.1% ~ 55.3%, really more general 304 stainless toughness are better, meet the purposes of downstream impact briquetting processing.
Because the array mode of the austenite stainless steel moiety of low nickel content of the present invention is numerous, above-mentionedly only be combined as example explanation with minority test piece composition contained in the table 1,2, the personage who is familiar with this technology is when knowing, the moiety of the austenite stainless steel of low nickel content of the present invention is not exceeded to disclose in the table 1,2.
It is above-mentioned to combine institute, the austenite stainless steel of low nickel content of the present invention is the calculation formula that is worth mutually according to experimental study correction high temperature ferrite really, study main component such as carbon in the stainless steel simultaneously in great detail, silicon, manganese, chromium, nickel, molybdenum, copper, nitrogen, the weight percent of elements such as boron is when controlled the high temperature ferrite and is worth mutually, to reduce the raw material usage quantity of nickel, significantly reduce the raw material production cost, still possess simultaneously stainless solidity to corrosion, and stamping forming associated mechanical character, be used for general more not harsh working conditions and can replace general 304 stainless steels of part, as pipe fitting, shallow purposes such as general vessel of dashing processing, and can be widely used in industry, can reach the purpose of invention really.
| Try sheet Knitting No. | C | Si | Mn | Cr | Cu | δ-f | Side splits defective |
| 01 | 0.039 | 0.47 | 7.07 | 19.04 | 2.15 | 28.58 | Have |
| 02 | 0.050 | 0.45 | 7.58 | 17.53 | 2.03 | 15.82 | Have |
| 03 | 0.046 | 0.47 | 7.96 | 18.33 | 1.71 | 22.60 | Have |
| 04 | 0.052 | 0.51 | 7.54 | 18.13 | 1.73 | 19.85 | Have |
| 05 | 0.051 | 0.53 | 7.5 | 16.2 | 1.5 | 9.1 | Have |
| 06 | 0.053 | 0.50 | 7.6 | 16.3 | 1.60 | 8.49 | No |
| 07 | 0.032 | 0.53 | 7.85 | 15.36 | 1.71 | 6.636 | No |
| 08 | 0.032 | 0.54 | 8.00 | 15.33 | 1.66 | 6.259 | No |
| 09 | 0.032 | 0.58 | 7.54 | 15.23 | 1.59 | 4.984 | No |
| 10 | 0.059 | 0.62 | 7.44 | 15.26 | 1.65 | 3.859 | No |
| 11 | 0.046 | 0.42 | 7.86 | 15.68 | 1.66 | 3.278 | No |
| 12 | 0.051 | 0.49 | 7.63 | 15.16 | 1.62 | 1.684 | No |
| 13 | 0.060 | 0.50 | 8.08 | 15.14 | 1.70 | 0.1 09 | No |
| 14 | 0.066 | 0.54 | 7.76 | 14.99 | 1.65 | -1.989 | No |
Table one
| Try sheet Knitting No. | Steel Seed | C | Si | Mn | Cr | Cu | B | Fu Erosion Knot fruit |
| 1 | The bright Steel of Hair | 0.058 | 0.48 | 7.56 | 15.26 | 1.79 | 0.0001 | ≤0.1％ |
| 2 | The bright Steel of Hair | 0.051 | 0.54 | 7.86 | 15.35 | 1.69 | 0.0032 | ≤0.1％ |
| 3 | The bright Steel of Hair | 0.059 | 0.77 | 7.84 | 14.94 | 1.78 | 0.0001 | ≤0.1％ |
| 4 | General 304 Bu Rust Steel | 0.045 | 0.53 | 1.25 | 18.19 | 0.23 | 0.0008 | ≤0.1％ |
Table two
| Try sheet Knitting No. | Tensile strength (MPa) | Yield strength (MPa) | Hardness (HRBO) | Shen Long leads (%) | |
| General 304 Bu Rust Steel | 1 | 657.8 | 322.8 | 81.8 | 48.5 |
| 2 | 660.0 | 324.6 | 83.2 | 49.1 | |
| 3 | 660.6 | 325.0 | 82.6 | 47.8 | |
| 4 | 663.8 | 328.9 | 82.4 | 48.8 | |
| The bright Steel of Hair | 5 | 641.9 | 301.6 | 83.4 | 53.4 |
| 6 | 621.7 | 313.3 | 83.5 | 55.2 | |
| 7 | 630.2 | 289.5 | 82.5 | 55.3 | |
| 8 | 628.5 | 287.6 | 82.3 | 55.0 | |
| 9 | 642.3 | 291.3 | 82.8 | 53.1 | |
| 10 | 618.4 | 312.0 | 84.3 | 53.7 | |
| 11 | 634.6 | 296.4 | 82.8 | 53.8 | |
| 12 | 639.0 | 317.2 | 83.9 | 54.1 | |
| 13 | 642.6 | 319.7 | 84.7 | 54.3 | |
| 14 | 621.7 | 313.3 | 83.5 | 55.2 |
Table three
Claims (4)
1. the austenite stainless steel of a low nickel content is characterized in that:
The austenite stainless steel of this low nickel content comprises the carbon of a weight percent between 0.03 and 0.12, the element silicon of one weight percent between 0.2 and 1.0, the manganese element of one weight percent between 7.5 and 10.5, the chromium element of one weight percent between 14.0 and 16.0, the nickel element of one weight percent between 1.0 and 5.0, the nitrogen element of one weight percent between 0.04 and 0.25, the copper of one weight percent between 1.0 and 3.5, various trace elements, and equilibrated ferro element, and should comprise molybdenum element at least in the trace element, simultaneously, one high temperature ferrite of this austenite stainless steel is worth mutually and is not more than 8.5, this high temperature ferrite is worth=6.77 * (chromium %t+ molybdenum %t+1.5 * silicon %t)-4.85 * (nickel %t+30 * carbon %t+30 * nitrogen %t+0.5 * manganese %t+0.3 * copper %t)-52.75 mutually, and wherein %t represents weight percent; And cast the material reheat temperature before the hot rolling between 1050 ℃～1250 ℃.
2. the austenite stainless steel of low nickel content as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: the austenite stainless steel of this low nickel content also comprises one 5 to 30ppm boron.
3. the austenite stainless steel of low nickel content as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: the austenite stainless steel of this low nickel content also comprises an element sulphur less than 150ppm.
4. the austenite stainless steel of low nickel content as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: the austenite stainless steel of this low nickel content also comprises a weight percent less than 0.06 phosphoric.
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| CN 02152273 CN1226442C (en) | 2002-11-18 | 2002-11-18 | Austenitic stainless steel having low nickel content |
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| CN 02152273 CN1226442C (en) | 2002-11-18 | 2002-11-18 | Austenitic stainless steel having low nickel content |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| US9028745B2 (en) | 2011-11-01 | 2015-05-12 | Honeywell International Inc. | Low nickel austenitic stainless steel |
| KR101903182B1 (en) * | 2016-12-23 | 2018-10-01 | 주식회사 포스코 | Ferritic stainless steel having excellent strength and corrosion resistance to acid and method of manufacturing the same |
| CN111041349A (en) * | 2019-11-26 | 2020-04-21 | 中国石油天然气集团有限公司 | High-chromium alloy corrosion-resistant continuous pipe and preparation method thereof |
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Application publication date: 20040602 Assignee: Angang Lianzhong (Guangzhou) Stainless Steel Co.,Ltd. Assignor: YIEH UNITED STEEL CORPORATION Contract record no.: 2015990000175 Denomination of invention: Austenitic stainless steel having low nickel content Granted publication date: 20051109 License type: Common License Record date: 20150409 |
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