CN1222110A - 具有混合装置和可调剪切效果的挤压头 - Google Patents

具有混合装置和可调剪切效果的挤压头 Download PDF

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CN1222110A
CN1222110A CN97195535A CN97195535A CN1222110A CN 1222110 A CN1222110 A CN 1222110A CN 97195535 A CN97195535 A CN 97195535A CN 97195535 A CN97195535 A CN 97195535A CN 1222110 A CN1222110 A CN 1222110A
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gear
extrusion head
toothed wheel
groove
double helical
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CN1085584C (zh
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哈特默特·哈塞
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C48/30—Extrusion nozzles or dies
    • B29C48/35—Extrusion nozzles or dies with rollers
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/03—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor characterised by the shape of the extruded material at extrusion
    • B29C48/06—Rod-shaped
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/03—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor characterised by the shape of the extruded material at extrusion

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Extrusion Moulding Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)
  • Processing And Handling Of Plastics And Other Materials For Molding In General (AREA)
  • Preparation Of Clay, And Manufacture Of Mixtures Containing Clay Or Cement (AREA)

Abstract

本发明涉及一种具有混合装置和可调剪切效果的挤压头,所述挤压头可用于均匀化、混合和剪切聚合物熔融体、弹性体和其它易混合的粘性糊状材料。材料在齿轮(2)周围流动,并注满其齿隙和齿轮(1,6)的齿隙。材料通过齿轮的旋转回到齿轮(1,6)的外部区域,再通过齿轮(2)轴向挤出,并通过齿轮(2)中的槽送到输出通道。驱动齿轮(1)能调节材料的混合、均匀化和剪切,这样使弹性体的输出温度较高。如果需要的化,包括齿轮(1,2和6)在内的挤压头可以安装一温度均衡器。

Description

具有混合装置和可调剪切效果的挤压头
本发明涉及一种挤压头，它适用于对从置于它前面的挤压机供应的材料进行匀化作用、混合和加热/冷却。所供应的材料流过上齿轮的周围，并注入齿轮的所有齿隙。该材料的流动由一挡快调节。在下齿轮外区域中供应的材料再被送回去，并通过上面等分的(diVeded)齿轮压人外区域沿轴向到达中心，在中心与挤压材料混合，然后再流到挤压头的出口。通过齿轮的几何形状可以预定剪切和混合效果。
为了达到可调节的剪切效果，驱动齿轮，由此提高混合效果和与高的剪切速度有关的输出温度，从而释放硫化过程。人们知道一种具有剪切效果的使弹性体达到预定温度的挤压头，并且已得到应用。这种已知的挤压头不能达到混合效果。剪切头技术在购买时要花很大的费用，还要消耗大量能量。此外，为了获得波动很小的连续的最终成品，塑料和橡胶工业的一些制造商将挤压机和预先装凸缘的齿轮泵组合起来使用。但这种方法也没有提供混合效果。
本发明就是根据这个问题提出的，必须设计一种具有混合效果的挤压机，其中材料在一预定温度以一均匀化和被混合的方式流出挤出喷嘴。
该问题是用本发明解决的，本发明的特征是挤压头通过一齿轮送回预定量的材料，并将所述材料混合到输出通道。
本发明的具有混合装置和可调节剪切效果的挤压头具有如下的优点：
适用于不同材料的可调节的混合效果和由于剪切而进行的仔细的均化作用；在挤出过程中没有因摩擦而引起热负荷。
由于优良的均匀化，材料连续输出。显著提高了由不同材料制造的挤出产品的尺寸精度。
由于齿轮的可变驱动，弹性体被预硫化。
能缩短挤压机的长度。
能量和投资费用下降。
本发明可以有多种设计类型。
为了进一步阐明本发明的基本原理，附图示出了其中的两种，并在下面加以描述：
图1示出了挤压头的纵向剖面，其内部有齿轮1和2，
图2示出了沿齿轮2、6和1径向截取的挤压头的剖面，
图3示出了挤压头的纵向剖面，其内部有齿轮2和6，
图4示出了两个齿轮轴的剖面。
图1示出了一个在另一个之上的齿轮1和2，它们装在一个外壳中。从动齿轮1具有人字齿。从动齿轮2被两次加工出斜齿，中间是一槽。两齿轮轴的轴颈座落在轴承套3中。侧面的外壳覆盖件中的诸泄流孔12指向外面。
图2示出了通过齿轮2和6和1的中心的径向截面。具有调节螺钉8的挡快7调节供应到输出通道11的材料。
图3示出两个上下排列的并安装在外壳内的齿轮2和6。所供应的材料使这些齿轮自动旋转。
图4示出了齿轮轴。齿轮2的齿是以倾斜方向两次加工出来的，齿轮1具有伸向中心的人字齿。
在图3的挤压头中，通过齿轮6返回的材料和来自齿轮2的材料沿轴向朝中心压碾，并通过齿轮2的槽在输出通道11中混合(图2)。
将材料轴向压碾出齿轮1和2的齿隙，形成了高的流速，当加工如弹性体之类的高粘性的材料时，这就会产生摩擦热。这样的话，材料被压出挤压机时温度上升。
图1中的被驱动的系统由于齿轮1的速度是可变的而能够改变混合效果。所以速度能够适应被加工的材料。对于高粘性的材料，诸如弹性体，压碾齿轮1和2(图1)的齿隙使轴向流动速度产生摩擦热，这样可以使材料预硫化，使离开输出通道11的产品为稳定的产品。
由于这种预硫化，使下游的硫化设备更加经济有效。
零件目录：
1．从动人字齿
2．具有中心槽的双斜齿齿轮
3．轴承套
4．外壳
5迷宫轴套
6．人字齿
7．调节材料的档块
8．档块的调节螺钉
9．侧面的外壳覆盖件
10．输入锥形腔
11．输出通道
12．泄流孔

Claims (6)

1．一种对供应的诸如聚合体的熔融体、弹性体和其他可混合的粘性糊状材料的材料进行塑化、均匀化和混合的挤压头，其特征在于，所述挤压头具有上下排列的两个齿轮(2和6)，用来把材料挤压出齿隙，并通过齿轮2的槽朝向中心进入输出通道11(见图2)，齿轮2的槽宽大约是输出通道11的宽度。
2．一种用于对弹性体进行塑化、均匀化、混合和剪切的挤压头，以便对输出通道11中的材料开始硫化，其特征在于权利要求1所述的方法，但是，还具有一从动齿轮1，以通过摩擦速度控制输出温度。
3．如权利要求2所述的均匀化和混合聚合体熔融体和其它糊状材料的挤压头，其特征在于，由于齿轮1的可变速驱动而使混合效果适用于运行要求。
4．如权利要求1、2和3所述的挤压头，其特征在于，齿轮(6,1)有一无间断的人字齿，齿轮(2)有一具有槽的人字齿。
5．如权利要求1、2和3所述的挤压头，其特征在于，齿轮(1,6)有一伸向中心的人字齿，齿轮(2)有一具有槽的人字齿。
6．如权利要求1至3所述的挤压头，其特征在于，用产品来润滑齿轮轴承(3)，材料通过在覆盖板(9)中的一泄流孔排出或被带回到材料流中。
CN96191272A 1996-04-16 1997-04-02 具有混合装置和可调剪切效果的挤压头 Expired - Fee Related CN1085584C (zh)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19614894.4 1996-04-16
DE19614894A DE19614894C2 (de) 1996-04-16 1996-04-16 Extrusionskopf mit Mischeinrichtung und einstellbarem Schereffekt

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CN1222110A true CN1222110A (zh) 1999-07-07
CN1085584C CN1085584C (zh) 2002-05-29

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US (1) US6286988B1 (zh)
EP (1) EP0904183B1 (zh)
JP (1) JP2000507520A (zh)
CN (1) CN1085584C (zh)
AT (1) ATE208253T1 (zh)
BR (1) BR9708697A (zh)
DE (1) DE19614894C2 (zh)
PL (1) PL329529A1 (zh)
WO (1) WO1997038837A1 (zh)

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CN1085584C (zh) 2002-05-29
PL329529A1 (en) 1999-03-29
US6286988B1 (en) 2001-09-11
WO1997038837A1 (de) 1997-10-23
EP0904183B1 (de) 2001-11-07
DE19614894C2 (de) 1997-12-11
BR9708697A (pt) 2000-01-04
JP2000507520A (ja) 2000-06-20
EP0904183A1 (de) 1999-03-31
DE19614894A1 (de) 1997-04-17
ATE208253T1 (de) 2001-11-15

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