CN1219452A

CN1219452A - Isobaric plasticity grinding process

Info

Publication number: CN1219452A
Application number: CN 97121895
Authority: CN
Inventors: 曾绍谦
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 1997-12-11
Filing date: 1997-12-11
Publication date: 1999-06-16
Anticipated expiration: 2017-12-11
Also published as: CN1069567C

Abstract

An equipressure plastic grinding method features that a container able to raise hydraulic pressure and generate ultrasonic vibration is used and the workpiece to be ground, grinding agent and grinding particles are put in the container.Based on the Pascal principle, the hydraulic pressure of grinding agent in container is raised to a certain value to make the high-pressure grinding agent and grinding particles apply same acting forces on the workpiece. Under cooperation of ultrasonic vibration Blaha effect and cavitation effect are generated to reduce the tension and stress of metal or alloy workpiece to be ground. The overall surface of workpiece is ground by equal pressure for raised precision and productivity.

Description

Isobaric plasticity grinding process

The present invention relates to a kind of grinding method, refer to a kind of isobaric plasticity grinding process especially metal works.

Tradition, utilize the vibro-grinding technology to come workpiece is carried out the process technology of the polishing of upper cut, early well known, it mainly is that liquid grinding agent and abrasive grains are inserted in the grinding groove chamber of oscillating mill, dispose the vibrating motor of weighting block on the mat grinder, produce the vibration force of special angle, impel grinding agent, the abrasive grains in the grinding groove chamber and treat between the grinder part, produce the grinding cutting effect of disturbance collision type, cause workpiece surface to obtain smooth smooth surface, and reach the effect that polishing is ground.

Yet, in the known technology of above-mentioned vibro-grinding, it is of crucial importance that vibrating motor can produce the configuring technical of vibration angle scope, because good design can make the collision that obtains three-dimensional eddy current disturbance formula between workpiece, abrasive grains and grinding agent three in the grinding groove chamber grind and cut effect, have greatly and benefit promoting to grind the lifting of cutting general workpiece quality.

Only but know still have the technology barrier that it is difficult to overcome in the three-dimensional vibrating grinding technique of in the streets climax, because good again three-dimensional vibrating grinding technique all is difficult to carry out the processing of grinding and polishing to having axis hole or finedraw place on the workpiece; Simultaneously the workpiece that has positions such as corner angle, crest line again for the higher metal or alloy crude green body of some hardness and table wall in for the grinding smoothness that can obtain whole three-dimensional modeling wall table, certainly will give difficulty the original crack degree that keeps corner angle, crest line; What is more, have the volume production workpiece of complicated three-dimensional artistic profile body (it is concavo-convex irregular to refer to show wall) at some, difficulty is given and is used the vibro-grinding technology it is carried out the processing of grinding and polishing, also be industry known technology barrier.

Cause the above known three-dimensional vibrating grinding technique that is difficult to adopt, come the axis hole of grinding work-piece, finedraw, or the problem of complex outline body workpiece, be not only to occur being in the apolegamy work of materials such as abrasive grains and grinding agent, in fact, its maximum problem is in known vibro-grinding technology, accept the workpiece of three-dimensional vibrating in this grinding groove, between abrasive grains and grinding agent three, be for producing anisobaric disturbance collision phenomenon, and be to utilize this phenomenon and impel grinding agent can drive between abrasive grains and workpiece surface the collision that produces tangential velocity, and then reach the effect of grinding cutting; Know that only this tangent-type disturbance grinding is in anisobaric environment, the abrasive grains difficulty will be given enter formation tangent line speed in axis hole, the finedraw, that is lack enough spaces in the axis hole, finedraw, supplying with the collision grinding that abrasive grains produces tangent line speed, is can't grind the problem main cause of cutting polishing to axis hole, finedraw or the special-shaped workpiece of workpiece for the vibro-grinding known technology.Moreover, the vibro-grinding with tangent line speed, through regular meeting to workpiece on some positions with sharp corners, crest line cause and wound and damage, be both problem points into the big disappearance of one; Again, the workpiece that metal or alloy hardness is too high, the vibro-grinding mode that has tangent line speed in utilization adds man-hour, because the workpiece hardness height, and be under the environment that does not have equipressure, to grind, cause the puzzlement of coefficient of friction wretched insufficiency, thereby do not meet economic benefit.

Purpose of the present invention, to solve exactly in traditional vibro-grinding technology, be difficult to axis hole at workpiece, finedraw, and the workpiece of the special-shaped outline body surface puzzlement of grinding, and then provide a kind of equipressure and ultrasonic vibration two big effect key elements used to merge the isobaric plasticity Ginding process that is produced mutually, in order at the simple profile of each money or have sharp corners, crest line, finedraw, the workpiece of complex outline bodies such as axis hole, under hyperacoustic Blaha effect cooperates, reduce the stress and the tension force of metal or alloy, carry out the equipressure of universe workpiece body surface and grind and the polishing running, and impel sperm quality and the efficient that promotes its grinding.

For reaching this purpose, a kind of isobaric plasticity grinding process of the present invention, be performed in the lamination type high-pressure bottle, can inject liquid grinding agent from extraneous pressurization, and can insert abrasive grains in the grinding agent in container, and utilize a hurdle net to carry dress metal or alloy workpiece to be ground and together insert in the container, the ultrasonic vibration means utilized simultaneously, reach the effect that isobaric plasticity grinds

In this isobaric plasticity Ginding process, must mat external force improve the hydraulic pressure of grinding agent in the container to certain value, by Bath card principle, square pressurization power such as on the universe wall of this metal or alloy workpiece, produce, impel high pressure grinding agent and abrasive grains, can produce the equipressure grinding of universe to this workpiece, in this container, produce simultaneously Blaha (Bradley Kazakhstan) effect via ultrasonic vibration, reduce stress and tension force on the metal or alloy workpiece, to promote the plastic forming of workpiece, thereby the hardness of reduction workpiece, and on workpiece, produce the universe cavitation effect of ultrasonic vibration, make on the workpiece universe wall all together to be flattened to the required size precision, form the isobaric plasticity grinding and have corner angle by grinding, crest line, axis hole, the finedraw or the peculiar method of special-shaped outline workpiece.

Wherein having the ability that produces ultrasonic vibration in the container, is to be provided with vibrating elements with the inwall at container.

In sum, a kind of isobaric plasticity grinding process of the present invention, be meant especially and can be applied to grind method than hard metal or alloy workpiece with three-dimensional modeling, it comprises the container that utilization one can be born high pressure and be produced ultrasonic vibration, in this container, insert and treat grinder part and required abrasive grains and grinding agent, the hydraulic pressure that strengthens grinding agent then is to certain value, make and all can be subjected to isobaric thrust (Pascal principle) effect that grinding agent drives abrasive grains between workpiece surface, and the interior adjection that produces ultrasonic vibration power of cooperation container, impel the stress and the tension force that are subjected to the isobaric metal or alloy workpiece that uses all greatly to reduce (being the Blaha effect), via under formed cavitation effect of ultrasonic vibration (being the Cavitation effect) and the isobaric environment, impel grinding agent and abrasive grains that workpiece is produced the better grinding effect again.

Technology of the present invention is to have following characteristics:

1, utilization Pascal (Bath card) principle, improve the hydraulic pressure of grinding agent in the container, impel the active force that forms isobaric cohesion between abrasive grains, grinding agent and the workpiece body surface three in the container, utilize this isobaric active force, impel whole walls of workpiece (to comprise finedraw, the wall of axis hole and other special-shaped outlines) all can together bear grinding agent and abrasive grains etc. the side evenly exert pressure, to reach the effective range of grinding work-piece is promoted the grinding that becomes universe.

2, utilization Blaha (Bradley Kazakhstan) effect that ultrasonic vibration produced with stress and the tension force on the reduction metal or alloy workpiece wall, and increases plasticity by this, thereby reduces hardness, impels the plasticity abrasiveness of workpiece better.

3, in conjunction with isobaric active force suffered on the workpiece universe wall, and under the acting in conjunction of the high ultrasonic vibration power (referring to sound wave intensity) frequently of shaking, can effectively reduce stress and tension force on the workpiece universe wall, thereby impel workpiece hardness greatly to reduce, and the efficient universe friction of removing to accept abrasive grains and grinding agent, that is Cavitation (cavitation) effect of generation universe matches on the workpiece wall, to reach the dimensional accuracy and the benefit of grinding and polishing whole workpiece profile.

About technology contents of the present invention and embodiment, conjunction with figs. is described as follows now:

The simple declaration of accompanying drawing:

Fig. 1: be to be container organigram used in the present invention;

Chart 1: be to be stress and the strain demonstration figure of example with the stainless steel in ultrasonic wave effect occasion;

Chart 2: be to be stress and the strain demonstration figure of example with the beryllium in ultrasonic wave effect occasion.

The label declaration of accompanying drawing:

1 ... container 10 ... container cover

11 ... ultrasonic vibration element 12 ... the fluid pressurized mouth

2 ... workpiece 3 ... grinding agent

4 ... abrasive grains 5 ... the hurdle net

See also isobaric plasticity grinding process shown in Figure 1, disclosed, be performed in the high-pressure bottle 1, the inwall of this container 1 is provided with ultrasonic vibration element 11, and the container cover 10 on container 1 top, and container 1 bottom also is provided with a fluid boost port 12.The peripheral wall surface of this container all is to adopt the lamination type framework to form to have the high interior ability to function person (belonging to the technology that adopts known technology to finish) that presses of carrying therebetween.And fluid pressurized mouth 12 is to supply with as using from the extraneous duct of injecting highly pressurised liquid grinding agent 3; Its high pressure injects the mode (also belonging to known technology technology completely) of grinding agent 3, be that the extremely strong check-valves of a crushing resistance can be set in fluid pressurized mouth 12, make with the extraneous grinding agent dispatch tube of suppressing the application of force to be connected with group, and then to carrying out the unidirectional running of giving the high pressure grinding agent of giving in the container 1.Impel in the container 1, possess the dual capability that enhances hydraulic pressure and produce ultrasonic vibration is arranged.

Abrasive grains is inserted in the container 1, and utilize a hurdle net 5 years dress to treat that grinder part 2 is together inserted in the container 1 and (only adorn the sign of a workpiece 2 in the hurdle net 5 in Fig. 1 as amplification to carry, in fact be in hurdle net 5, to carry the dress majority simultaneously to treat grinder part 2), mat external force is injected high pressure grinding agent 3 from fluid boost port 12, make the hydraulic pressure in the container 1 can be according to the material of workpiece 2, amount to be ground and wait to grind situation demands such as cutting dimensional accuracy, and be promoted to certain value, impel the grade side's pressurization power (shown in arrow among Fig. 1) that produces the Pascal principle in the container 1, all can be subjected to equipressure friction between grinding agent 3 and the abrasive grains 4 with the universe wall table that promotes workpiece 2.

After supercharging is finished, and start the high-frequency vibration of ultrasonic vibration element 11 generations, its vebrato intensity of wave (or claiming power) is adjustable approximately at 30～95w/cm ²Between, to reduce stress, gravitation and the tension force of universe wall on the metal or alloy workpiece 2, promptly form so-called Blaha effect, impel the plastic forming of workpiece better; As being example with stainless steel and beryllium, these two kinds of metals are in the effect occasion of no ultrasonic vibration, and has the high and low ultrasonic intensity effect occasion of (or claiming power), the variation situation of its stress and strain is can be seen by chart 1 and chart 2 respectively to know, and obtains confirmation, that is increasing along with ultrasonic intensity and dependent variable, can make stainless steel and beryllium even the stress of other metal or alloy significantly reduce, thereby enhance its plastic forming, to reduce the hardness of metal or alloy.

At isobaric universe active force in conjunction with workpiece 2, and under the acting in conjunction environment of high shake ultrasonic intensity frequently and vibration force, workpiece 2 walls that can impel stress and tension force to reduce gradually, efficient universe of going again to accept abrasive grains 4 and grinding agent 3 is ground, and then impel Cavitation (cavitation) effect that produces universe on workpiece 2 walls, promote the dimensional accuracy and the benefit of grinding and polishing workpiece by this.

When enhancing the pressure limit that is depressed into required definite value in the container 1, the apolegamy of this grinding agent 3 can have following selection aforementioned:

1, in container, is pressed in 6000kgf/cm ²When following, available water is as grinding agent.

2, in container, be pressed in 6000kgf/cm ²When above, but the mixed liquor of spent glycol or glycerine and methyl alcohol etc. (when being the pressure matchmaker because of water, surpass 6500kgf/cm at pressure as grinding agent ²The time will solidify).

3, in container, be pressed in 15000kgf/cm ²The time, adopt gasoline to make grinding agent (because of gasoline under this pressure can not solidify).

And aforesaid abrasive grains 4 is the hardness according to workpiece 2 to be ground, and selects to add the high rigidity abrasive grains 4 of #800～3000 (Mesh order) in grinding agent 3, as selects Al for use ₂O ₃, SiC, SiO ₂, B ₄C ... or the like as abrasive grains 4.

Sum up above-mentioned content, the present invention is liquid grinding agent 3 and an abrasive grains 4 of utilizing high pressure in a container 1, workpiece 2 surfaces are produced the isobaric active force of a universe, and under dual cooperation the by the formed Blaha effect of ultrasonic vibration and Cavitation effect, the stress of this metal or alloy workpiece 2 is reduced, tension force reduces, the plastic forming raising, and then reach the purpose that to grind than each metal or alloy workpiece 2 of hard, simultaneously also can reach the lap corner angle, crest line, axis hole, finedraw or have the universe plasticity grinding purposes of the special-shaped workpiece of complex outline body, and the benefit of lifting grinding and polishing, obviously possess suitable progressive; In like manner, know the personage of traditional grinding technique such as, after understanding technical characterictic of the present invention, any change that does not break away from major technique of the present invention that it is done all should belong to the category that technical scheme of the present invention contains.

Claims

1, a kind of isobaric plasticity grinding process, it is characterized in that: be performed in the lamination type high-pressure bottle (1), liquid grinding agent (3) is injected in pressurization from the external world, and mat external force improves the hydraulic pressure of the grinding agent (3) in the container (1) to certain value, and insert abrasive grains (4) in the grinding agent in container (1), and utilize a hurdle net (5) to carry dress metal or alloy workpiece (2) to be ground and together insert in the container (1), utilize the ultrasonic vibration means simultaneously, realize the effect that isobaric plasticity grinds.

2, isobaric plasticity grinding process as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: the inwall of container (1) is provided with to make has the vibrating elements (11) that produces the ultrasonic vibration ability in the container (1).