CN1218531A - Filtering stairway for swimming pool - Google Patents

Filtering stairway for swimming pool Download PDF

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Publication number
CN1218531A
CN1218531A CN97194583A CN97194583A CN1218531A CN 1218531 A CN1218531 A CN 1218531A CN 97194583 A CN97194583 A CN 97194583A CN 97194583 A CN97194583 A CN 97194583A CN 1218531 A CN1218531 A CN 1218531A
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
container
pipe
filtering
water
stairway according
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
CN97194583A
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Chinese (zh)
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CN1088495C (en
Inventor
让-路易斯·德茹瓦约
皮埃尔-路易斯·德茹瓦约
凯瑟琳·让德罗斯
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Piscines Desjoyaux SA
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Piscines Desjoyaux SA
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Publication of CN1218531A publication Critical patent/CN1218531A/en
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Publication of CN1088495C publication Critical patent/CN1088495C/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Fee Related legal-status Critical Current

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    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04BUILDING
    • E04HBUILDINGS OR LIKE STRUCTURES FOR PARTICULAR PURPOSES; SWIMMING OR SPLASH BATHS OR POOLS; MASTS; FENCING; TENTS OR CANOPIES, IN GENERAL
    • E04H4/00Swimming or splash baths or pools
    • E04H4/14Parts, details or accessories not otherwise provided for
    • E04H4/148Lighting means
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04BUILDING
    • E04HBUILDINGS OR LIKE STRUCTURES FOR PARTICULAR PURPOSES; SWIMMING OR SPLASH BATHS OR POOLS; MASTS; FENCING; TENTS OR CANOPIES, IN GENERAL
    • E04H4/00Swimming or splash baths or pools
    • E04H4/12Devices or arrangements for circulating water, i.e. devices for removal of polluted water, cleaning baths or for water treatment
    • E04H4/1209Treatment of water for swimming pools
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04BUILDING
    • E04HBUILDINGS OR LIKE STRUCTURES FOR PARTICULAR PURPOSES; SWIMMING OR SPLASH BATHS OR POOLS; MASTS; FENCING; TENTS OR CANOPIES, IN GENERAL
    • E04H4/00Swimming or splash baths or pools
    • E04H4/14Parts, details or accessories not otherwise provided for
    • E04H4/144Means for facilitating access, e.g. step units or slides

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
  • Farming Of Fish And Shellfish (AREA)
  • Sewage (AREA)
  • Ladders (AREA)
  • Blow-Moulding Or Thermoforming Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)
  • Filtration Of Liquid (AREA)
  • Structures Of Non-Positive Displacement Pumps (AREA)

Abstract

A filtering stairway for a swimming pool is characterized by a combination of the following arrangements: the body (1) of the stairway defines a closed and hollow volume obtained by rotational moulding to constitute a tank (1a) with steps (1b) on its front part; the tank (1a) communicates with the water in the pool; the tank (1a) has internal arrangements to allow the installation of a filtering system (3, 4) communicating with the water contained in the said tank (1a); the surface (1f) of the body (1) opposite to the one with the steps (1b) is provided with fixtures (1g, 1h) for the installation and the fixing of a box (2) obtained by rotational moulding and in which are fitted suction and discharge means (7) combined with the filtering system (3, 4). The body (1) includes lateral means for fitting adjacent panels forming the swimming pool.

Description

Filtering stairway for swimming pool
The present invention relates to the water filtration technology field of swimming pool.
The filtering technique scheme that multiple swimming-pool water is arranged at present.Wherein, filtration is by realizing with draw water of linking to each other with the setting-out pipeline or several strainers.
People once proposed for example to load onto water plug or filter in the device of a compactness that links to each other with the wallboard that constitutes swimming pool.A device part there is not in the entry, connects filter, and another part is equipped with drawing water and compressed water generation apparatus of linking to each other with described filter outside swimming pool.
This scheme is for example being described among the patent EP-A-0145619.Do not have part in the entry that the device of ladder-effect can have been arranged.
But, consider that for convenience the customer often requires to load onto common ladder to swimming pool, generally is the circular ladder that often is placed on the swimming pool end.These ladders in view of its shape, are referred to as the Luo Manshi ladder.
The somebody proposes to realize the Luo Manshi filtering stairway on the basis of the same principle of described patent EP-A-0145619.Do not have the part in the entry rounded, be integral, and connect filtration system with the ladder step.Described do not have the part in the entry to link to each other with the above ground portion of compressed water generation apparatus with being installed with to draw water.Do not have the part in the entry not insert in the swimming pool wallboard, but be stacked in above the latter, described wallboard must be suitable for limiting one and the corresponding circular surface of stepped surfaces.
Described two parts of ladder with respect to the swimming pool wallboard fixing after, between the ladder back side and moulding wallboard front, have a free space, water can be filled in the inside.Therefore, leaf or other foreign material just may be deposited in this space, and this has just brought some serious problems for the maintenance of whole swimming pool.
Also have for example design of patent EP-A-0279140, relate to the assembly that the precast segment realized by the polyesters fortified resin forms, it include a close cabinet and a Rose Box, with the ladder of some steps.But the production technology of this assembly is also unreasonable, may go wrong on sealing.
The objective of the invention is to, overcome these defectives with simple, safe, effective and reasonable manner.
The problem that the present invention prepares to solve, promptly realize being used for the filtering stairway that direct adjacent wallboard with swimming pool is fitted together, solve the problem of sealing simultaneously, its purpose also is to realize a kind of cost that reduces greatly, can install quickly and easily, keep its strong effectively filtering stairway of filtration simultaneously, and can increase some additional functions.
For solving such problem, designed a kind of like this filtering stairway for swimming pool, it is characterized in that it is combined by following each device:
-ladder main body, it defines the hollow obturator that a roational molding forms, and is a step-like container to form the front,
-described container communicates with swimming-pool water,
Have in-described the container be suitable for installing with described container in the interior arrangement of the logical filtration system of water,
Being to be useful on the relative face of step-like that face with it of-ladder main body installs and the fixing device of the case that forms of roational molding, and drawing water and compressed water generation apparatus of linking to each other with filtration system is housed in the described case,
-main body side is useful on the fixing device that constitutes the adjacent wallboard of swimming pool.
This filtering stairway system is made by roational molding, and those skilled in the art are familiar with this technology fully, but never use this technology to make filtering stairway in the past.This roational molding technology is especially interesting in the application of being discussed, and in process of production, can directly obtain the container that seals fully, and can put in described container and filter that some special devices are combined.
For solving the problem that to install easily as the ladder main body of filtration system container, the interior arrangement that is used for installing filtration system is made of the rib that directly forms on container bottom in the roational molding process, and described rib can support the base plate with the link that links to each other with filtration system jointly.
Guarantee the problem of filtering for solution, link is made of a bend pipe that is arranged between two ribs, and Guan Yiduan passes from base plate, so as with the bottom connection of at least one support that is equipped with filter bag, the other end of described pipe leads to the container connection device place, connects the case that water plug is housed.
For solving filtration system is installed in problem in the ladder main body container, the support top that one or several filter bags are housed is connected with a cover plate for sealing, the latter itself also fuses with the mode of sealing and the conduit on container top, this conduit communicates with an inspection eye, and the latter is by a disconnectable cover closing.
For solving and filtration system together guarantee to draw water problem with setting-out, be contained in the plate and the pipe that is connected with filtration system is linked the water inlet of pump, the outfall of pump is then received the pipe on container one step.
For fixing problem with respect to container is guaranteed in solution, be used to install draw water with the installation of the case of water pump and fastening devices by support member and align prefabricated component and constitute, described support member forms in container roational molding process, the described case of its upper support, the described prefabricated component that aligns cooperates with a opening on the case, this prefabricated component hollow can be held drinking-water pipe and pressure pipe.
Another problem that the present invention prepares to solve is additional other function in filtering stairway.
For this reason, in the roational molding process, on the horizontal surface of a step, directly form the rib in some depression space each other, with communicate with the air inlet port that parts in the cabinet link to each other by a pipe, described step is equipped with a microwell plate.
For solution guarantees that the fastening devices of adjacent wallboard is made of flank, is embedded with the metal insert that is used to admit fixed part in described flank in the fixation problem of the ladder system of the junction of the wallboard that constitutes swimming pool.
For the problem that ladder and the liner that is contained in swimming pool inside are usually together installed is guaranteed in solution; there is a U type flange in container front at place, step plane; be equipped with on it the band pad screw base, be used for fixing the liner that is cut to U-shaped, the latter by the screw that is covered with ceiling on described screw base.
According to another feature, in the roational molding process, configuration can be installed the device of at least one illuminating lamp on a baseboard.
The present invention is more at large described with reference to the accompanying drawings, in the accompanying drawing:
Fig. 1 is the isometric front view of filtering stairway before the installation case.
Fig. 2 is and the corresponding rear elevation of Fig. 1.
Fig. 3 is the vertical view of ladder.
Fig. 4 is and the corresponding front elevation drawing of Fig. 1.
Fig. 5 is the sectional view along 5-5 line among Fig. 3.
Fig. 6 is the sectional view along 6-6 line among Fig. 5.
Fig. 7 is the longitudinal section of ladder assembly, shows the installation with drawing water of combining of filter and water pressuring system.
Fig. 8 is the amplification view along 8-8 line among Fig. 4, shows the fastening devices of liner.
Fig. 8 a is a sectional view, shows a preferred forms of lining fixing.
Fig. 9 illustrates the installation of the filtering stairway that adjacent wallboard with swimming pool combines.
Figure 10 is the sectional view along 10-10 line among Fig. 3.
Figure 11 is the longitudinal section of bottom of device parts.
Figure 12 is the sectional elevation along 12-12 line among Figure 11.
Figure 13 is the sectional view along 13-13 line among Figure 11.
As shown in the figure, filtering stairway main body 1 has been determined the hollow obturator that a roational molding forms, and forms a container 1a.The container front is step 1b shape.More particularly, main body 1 semicircular in shape (Fig. 3) when overlooking then is angle type (as Fig. 5) when laterally seeing.In addition, in the roational molding process, filtering stairway main body 1 directly forms the chamber 1c that places filtration system, as described in hereinafter being about to.
For increasing the rigidity of main body 1, in the roational molding process, main body directly forms many horizontal rib 1d and vertical ribs 1e.
Being to be useful on the relative face 1f of step-like face 1b with it of ladder main body 1 installs and the fixing device of the cabinet 2 that forms of roational molding.This cabinet 2 is as general as parallelepiped shape.Described device on the face 1f is made of support member 1g that form, that protrude from described 1f in ladder main body 1 roational molding process.These support members 1g constitutes two angle braces, and case 2 is placed on it.In addition, the face 1f top of main body 1 has one to align prefabricated component 1h, it roughly becomes rectangle, be used for cooperating with a complementary mouth of case 2, this aligns prefabricated component 1h hollow, can hold drinking-water pipe TA and pressure pipe TR passes, to assemble it, as described later, these drinking-water pipes link to each other with pumping system with filtration system with pressure pipe.
About filtration system, it is made of at least one filter bag 3 that is placed in the cylindrical stent 4.This manual is not described in detail this filtration system, it preferably the applicant in its patent FR8913638, describe the sort of.The base plate 5 that this filtration system 34 and one is bearing on container bottom two rib 1d1, the 1d2 links to each other.This base plate 5 links to each other with drinking-water pipe TA by the bend pipe 6 between two rib 1d1, the 1d2.
One end 6a of described drinking-water pipe passes from base plate 5, with the bottom connection of the support 4 that filter bag 3 is housed, especially is connected by a wire lath chimney filter.
Managing 6 other end 6b leads to and aligns prefabricated component 1h.Manage 6 end 6b and pass,, be connected on the pumping system in the cabinet with sealing means so that with any technical known, suitable method from aligning prefabricated component 1h.
Especially, the water inlet of the pump 7 in drinking-water pipe TA and the case 2 links to each other.This pump is preferably a double speed pump.
The pressure pipe TR that is connected with the corresponding mouth of pipe of pump 7 links to each other with pipe 8 in being placed on container 1a in advance with sealing means, and wears out by the mouth of pipe 8a at ladder one baseboard place especially.
Support 4 tops of dress filter bag 3 link to each other with a cover plate 9 sealings, and the latter itself and the chamber 1c that roughly constitutes a conduit fuse hermetically.
Therefore, filtration system 34 is placed in the container 1a, communicates with swimming-pool water, and Chi Shuicong for example is equipped with that the hole 1i of a skimming tool flows to described container.This hole 1i is for example on the baseboard of ladder top.
Thus, well-known, Chi Shui is from the full container 1a of hole 1i stream, and the filter bag 3 of flowing through again by managing 6 and TA, by pump 7 inspirations, at last by pipe TR and 8, is discharged by described pump 7.
Obviously, under the described conditions, can adorn a few cover filtration systems and pumping system in container 1a and the case 2.The chamber 1c of channel shaped communicates with an inspection eye 1j, and the latter is stamped a disconnectable lid 10.
Consider that ladder main body 1 and cabinet 2 are that roational molding is realized, the especially realization of hollow ladder main body, described case 2 is isolated fully with sealing means and ladder main body 1.
As previously mentioned, therefore ladder main body 1, always fills the water from swimming pool as container 1a.For avoiding the hyperplasia of bacterium or other material, make the water circulation in the container and avoid stagnating and just seem very important.For this reason, container bottom has special device.
Shown in Figure 11,12 and 13, container bottom has a matrix chamber 1a1 who stretches out from main body 1 back side 1f, and to form the end 1a2 that increases with respect to ground bearing 1a3, described ground bearing takes the shape of the letter U inner hollow.It is very smooth to increase end 1a2, with in the horizontal plane of the ladder first order step sustained height at the end, with corresponding baseboard in opening 1m in a straight line.Bearing 1a3 inside is filled with light material, and for example foam M is coated with for example mortar m of one deck above, and is very level and smooth, increases end 1a2 with connection.
Increase the pipeline R that links to each other with pressure pipe is arranged at the end.Described pipeline sprays many current, washes away to be deposited in foul or other thing of increasing at the end, and then, 1m flows to swimming pool from opening, to realize the circulation of water, makes current system after filtration simultaneously.
Therefore, these devices can avoid bacterium or other thing to grow on container bottom.
As previously mentioned, increasing end 1a2 is formed by matrix chamber 1a1.In the case, in order not reduce container rigidity, in the matrix chamber, insert the cabinet stand 18 that constitutes by many ribs 18a.This cabinet stand 18 is fixed on the main body 1 in any technical mode known, that be fit to.
According to another feature, in the roational molding process, on a step 1b horizontal plane, directly form the rib 1b1 in some depression space each other, communicating with an air inlet port, this air inlet port links to each other with parts in the cabinet 2 by a pipe 12.Have on the step 1b of rib 1b1 a microwell plate 13 is arranged.
Also some devices can be installed at least one baseboard, so that at least one illuminating lamp PR to be installed.
There is a U type flange 1k in the front of the main body of locating on step 1b plane 1.One groove 1k1 is arranged in the thickness of this flange 1k, wherein be fixed with the screw base 14 of band pad 15 especially with bonding method.Be screwed into screw base 14 by screw, these devices can be fixed up the liner L that is cut to U-shaped.The screw base assembly is stamped a ceiling 16.
Shown in Fig. 8 A, screw base 14 is not preferably in groove, and outside groove, promptly in the container 1a, with the sealing problem at the engagement angle place of the different component that solves screw base.
At last, there is flank in ladder main body 1 front, is embedded with metal insert in described flank, in order to fixed step system hermetically with constitute other wallboard P of swimming pool.Also the part in main body 1 periphery is provided with metal insert, is suitable for admitting concrete vertical channel to fix its cross section.
Certainly, hold the cabinet 2 of pumping system by disconnectable lid 17 sealings.
Advantage of the present invention embodies in above stated specification significantly, and what need point out emphatically especially is:
-with the rotating mould method for making can be made into hollow and fully the sealing ladder,
-can reduce production costs,
-can increase other function,
-can sealing means be installed by the filtering stairway system that links to each other with other wallboard that constitutes swimming pool.

Claims (14)

1. filtering stairway for swimming pool is characterized in that combination of following each device:
-ladder main body (1) limits the hollow obturator that a roational molding forms by it, forming the container (1a) that the front is step (1b) shape,
-described container (1a) communicates with swimming-pool water,
Have in-described the container (1a) be suitable for installing with described container (1a) in the interior arrangement of the logical filtration system (3,4) of water,
-described ladder main body (1) with its be useful on the relative face (1f) of that face of step (1b) shape install and fixedly the device of the case (2) that forms of roational molding (1g 1h), is equipped with in the case and drawing water and compressed water generation apparatus (7) that filtration system (3,4) links to each other,
-main body side is useful on the fixing device that constitutes the adjacent wallboard of swimming pool.
2. filtering stairway according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, be used for installing the rib (1d1 that the interior arrangement of filtration system is directly formed at container (1a) by the roational molding process at the end, 1d2) constitute, described rib can support the base plate (5) with the link that links to each other with filtration system (3,4) jointly.
3. filtering stairway according to claim 2, it is characterized in that, described link is by two rib (1d1, bend pipe (6) 1d2) constitutes, pipe (6) one ends (6a) pass from base plate (5), with the bottom connection of at least one support (4) that filter bag (3) is housed, described pipe (6) other end (6b) leads to container (1a) and the device place that links to each other of case (2) dress pumping system (7).
4. filtering stairway according to claim 2, it is characterized in that, the support top that one or several filter bags are housed links to each other with a cover plate (9) sealing, this cover plate itself fuses with the conduit (1c) on container (1a) top, this conduit communicates with an inspection eye (1j), and the latter is closed by a disconnectable lid (10).
5. filtering stairway according to claim 3 is characterized in that, be contained in the plate (5) and and link the water inlet of pump (7) with the pipe (6) that filtration system (3,4) connects, the outfall of pump then with lead to container one step on pipe (8) be connected.
6. filtering stairway according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, container (1a) has one from matrix chamber (1a1) that the main body back side (1f) stretches out at the end, to form the end (1a2) of increasing with respect to ground bearing (1a3), described ground bearing takes the shape of the letter U, inner hollow, described increase in the end and the baseboard opening (1m) in a straight line, the described inner light material of filling, with increase at the end (1a2) and be connected.
7. filtering stairway according to claim 6 is characterized in that, forms the matrix chamber (1a1) of increasing at the end (1a2) and is sealed by the cabinet stand (18) that numerous ribs (18a) constitute.
8. filtering stairway according to claim 6 is characterized in that, increasing at the end has the pipeline (R) that links to each other with pressure pipe on (1a2), and pipe laying is may be deposited in the foul of increasing in order to wash away at the end, by opening (1m) it is entered swimming pool.
9. filtering stairway according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, dress draws water and the installation of the case (2) of water pump (7) and fastening devices align prefabricated component (1h) formation by support member (1g) and one, described support member forms in container roational molding process, place described case on it, the described prefabricated component that aligns cooperates with a opening on the case (2), and this prefabricated component (1h) hollow can be held drinking-water pipe and pressure pipe.
10. filtering stairway according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, in the roational molding process, on the horizontal plane of a step (1b), directly form the rib (1b1) in some depression space each other, to communicate with an air inlet port, this air inlet port links to each other with parts in the cabinet (2) by a pipe, and a microwell plate (13) is arranged on the described step.
11. filtering stairway according to claim 1 is characterized in that, the fastening devices of adjacent wallboard is made of the flank (1k) that is embedded with the metal insert that is used to admit fixed part.
12. filtering stairway according to claim 1 is characterized in that, the part of main body (1) periphery is useful on fixes the metal insert that its cross section is suitable for admitting concrete vertical channel.
13. filtering stairway according to claim 1; it is characterized in that; there is a U type flange in container (1a) front at place, step (1b) plane; can pack into and be with the screw base (1h) of pad (15); be used for fixing liner; by the screw that is covered with ceiling (16), the liner that is cut to U-shaped is fixed on the described screw base.
14. filtering stairway according to claim 1 is characterized in that, in the roational molding process, the device that at least one illuminating lamp (PR) is installed is set on a baseboard.
CN97194583A 1996-04-12 1997-04-09 Filtering stairway for swimming pool Expired - Fee Related CN1088495C (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR96/04836 1996-04-12
FR9604836A FR2747417B1 (en) 1996-04-12 1996-04-12 FILTERING STAIRCASE FOR POOL POOLS

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
CN1218531A true CN1218531A (en) 1999-06-02
CN1088495C CN1088495C (en) 2002-07-31

Family

ID=9491319

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
CN97194583A Expired - Fee Related CN1088495C (en) 1996-04-12 1997-04-09 Filtering stairway for swimming pool

Country Status (19)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0891462B1 (en)
CN (1) CN1088495C (en)
AR (1) AR006591A1 (en)
AT (1) ATE218663T1 (en)
AU (1) AU710220B2 (en)
BR (1) BR9708636A (en)
CA (1) CA2251026C (en)
CZ (1) CZ287300B6 (en)
DE (1) DE69713082T2 (en)
EG (1) EG21527A (en)
ES (1) ES2175394T3 (en)
FR (1) FR2747417B1 (en)
ID (1) ID19605A (en)
PT (1) PT891462E (en)
SA (1) SA97180119B1 (en)
TR (1) TR199802038T2 (en)
TW (1) TW344778B (en)
UA (1) UA47474C2 (en)
WO (1) WO1997039211A1 (en)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN106193673A (en) * 2015-05-28 2016-12-07 广州德诺泳池设备有限公司 A kind of swimming pool

Families Citing this family (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2772410B1 (en) * 1997-12-17 2000-02-04 Piscines Desjoyaux Sa STAIRCASE FOR POOL POOL
FR2866044B1 (en) 2004-02-06 2007-09-14 Piscines Desjoyaux Sa SWIMMING POOL
DE202004018882U1 (en) * 2004-12-07 2006-04-13 Schydlo, Marc O. stair unit
DE102019008674B4 (en) 2019-12-14 2021-11-11 Karsten Maier Pool body with internal stairs

Family Cites Families (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3755981A (en) * 1972-01-24 1973-09-04 Cascade Ind Inc Swimming pool stairs
FR2554857B1 (en) * 1983-11-10 1988-09-09 Desjoyaux Catherine COMPACT POOL SERVICE BLOCK
FR2608662B1 (en) * 1986-12-23 1989-06-09 Cholley Andre TECHNICAL MODULE FOR POOLS
FR2698654B1 (en) * 1992-11-27 1995-11-17 Claude Perriniaux PERFECTED TECHNICAL BLOCK ASSEMBLY FOR POOLS.

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN106193673A (en) * 2015-05-28 2016-12-07 广州德诺泳池设备有限公司 A kind of swimming pool

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Publication number Publication date
EP0891462B1 (en) 2002-06-05
BR9708636A (en) 1999-04-13
CZ310998A3 (en) 1999-03-17
CN1088495C (en) 2002-07-31
EP0891462A1 (en) 1999-01-20
ES2175394T3 (en) 2002-11-16
CA2251026A1 (en) 1997-10-23
DE69713082T2 (en) 2003-01-02
DE69713082D1 (en) 2002-07-11
TR199802038T2 (en) 1999-01-18
FR2747417B1 (en) 1998-05-22
WO1997039211A1 (en) 1997-10-23
FR2747417A1 (en) 1997-10-17
CA2251026C (en) 2006-08-15
AU710220B2 (en) 1999-09-16
SA97180119B1 (en) 2006-09-25
ATE218663T1 (en) 2002-06-15
AU2640897A (en) 1997-11-07
AR006591A1 (en) 1999-09-08
UA47474C2 (en) 2002-07-15
ID19605A (en) 1998-07-23
TW344778B (en) 1998-11-11
PT891462E (en) 2002-11-29
CZ287300B6 (en) 2000-10-11
EG21527A (en) 2001-11-28

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Granted publication date: 20020731