CN1218145C - Floor heating device and its temp. control method - Google Patents
Floor heating device and its temp. control method Download PDFInfo
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- CN1218145C CN1218145C CN 01140715 CN01140715A CN1218145C CN 1218145 C CN1218145 C CN 1218145C CN 01140715 CN01140715 CN 01140715 CN 01140715 A CN01140715 A CN 01140715A CN 1218145 C CN1218145 C CN 1218145C
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Abstract
To provide a control method of temperature for a floor heating apparatus using an electric heater with a low electric bill. A heating panel HP comprises a flat plate electric power supply heating section 10 and a heat storage section 11 placed on an upper surface of the former. The heating panel HP is placed on a support floor 13 in a heating chamber. A floor finishing member 15 is laid on an upper surface of the heating panel HP, to constitute the floor heating apparatus for heating through electric power supply. The control method of temperature of the apparatus comprises the steps of dividing a power supply time zone to the heating section 10 into a daytime power supply time zone and a midnight power supply time zone, setting difference between set temperatures of the foregoing heating section 10 in these two power supply time zones, and keeping the set temperature of the midnight power supply time zone higher than that of the daytime power supply time zone.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the improvement of the temperature control method of floor heating device, a kind of energising and keep the minimum electricity charge and the method for floor heating device is controlled on economical and efficient ground under 24 hours state all day or almost especially will be provided.
Background technology
In recent years, in individual residence such as one family dwelling and apartment, home for destitute and public utilities such as kindergarten, guild hall etc., as air cleaning in the holding chamber and make full use of indoor ground heating method, used floor heating device mostly.
Thermal source as floor heating device exists thermal medium formula heating installation (combustion type device) and electric heating devices such as hot water.Thereby thermal medium formula heating installation has formed dentate groove and has been embedded in copper pipe or plastic conduit at groove on the heat-insulating shield end face, and is made it to circulate in boiler through the thermal medium of boiler heating and by the other end by the Guan Yiduan supply with discharging.
But, in this thermal medium formula heating installation, big problem is arranged.First problem is, when thermal medium in pipe, move during in can not heat supply, the temperature of the thermal medium of being supplied is at least 60 ℃, thereby temperature reduces fast because of heat release in flowing in pipe the time, thereby on the bed surface part, produce the temperature inequality along the length direction of pipe, whole house can not be heated to uniform temperature.
Therefore, the temperature inequality is more obvious when the ambient temperature of needs heating is hanged down, and just heats surely between condition and the actual condition that is provided with under the workplace at equipment, has produced the sizable temperature inequality or the temperature difference.
On the heat-insulating shield end face, form the zigzag groove, and configuration is flow through in the structure of pipe wherein thermal medium, heat mainly passes to the pipe top and can not laterally extensively conduct heat, heat can not fully be dispersed in the room, therefore, exist the urgent heat medium temperature that do not make with not being able to being elevated to the such restriction of low temperature scald high temperature.
In addition, in this floor heating device,, therefore, exist the shortcoming that can not apace whole heating indoor temperature be heated to uniform temperature owing to exist the constraint of the temperature that can not change mobile mode of thermal medium and thermal medium simply.
Second problem is, from the spring to the autumn so do not need floor heating device during in, thermal medium does not flow in pipe, therefore can not carry out purified treatment to it, so the thermal medium in the pipe is rotten and produce foreign matter, foreign matter has produced obstruction on pipe, in next heating duration, the heating performance is just fully different, and heating capacity significantly reduces.
In addition, the boiler of heat hot medium is easily unexpected to be worsened, and its average life span is about 5-8 and shorter.So, must change and keep in repair the floor of having lived and having disposed the room of a large amount of furniture because the scrap build time is short, so during this period, the work that exists mobile furniture etc. is loaded down with trivial details and inconvenient, the upset shortcoming of living once.
On the other hand, the material of following type is used to constitute the heat generating member of the major part of electronic heating installation.
(a) metal forming that superposes on insulating trips such as synthetic resin sheet, etch processes become resistance heating figure ground to form metal forming; (b) on insulating trip, formed the resistance heating figure by metallic foil; (c) on the surface of adiabatic felt pad, form resistance heating figure groove, be embedded in the nichrome wire of insulation at groove; (d) on insulating fabrics, be coated with electrically-conducting paint; (e) are so planar heat generating members as long-term and a large amount of materials that use, conductive powders such as carbon dust promptly in thermoplastic resins such as nylon, polypropylene, polybutene, have been filled, after being preferably in abundant mixing polymerization electrically conductive thermoplastic resin sheet is supplied with make-up machine, it is squeezed into the cylindrical shape sheet material and is provided with two electrode wires simultaneously on diametric(al), in addition, make it smooth with a pair of pinch roll extruding under soft state, and one of bonding one-tenth is tabular, electrode wires is configured in the internal structure of plate.
Usually, electric heating device is compared with thermal medium formula heating installation and is had many good qualities, promptly can freely design heating area and caloric value, can be definitely under the occasion that heat generating member is divided into a plurality of sections or control temperature individually, required part can be controlled under the ideal temperature, be suitable for a large amount of productions, in addition, can produce electric heating device that equals the house life-span its service life at least etc.
But, this electric heating device also has problems.Compare with the fuel cost of kerosene etc. with the gas that above-mentioned thermal medium formula heating installation boiler is used, its electricity charge are high, and depend on that Heating Room temperature conditions ground also produces very big-difference.
Therefore,, carried out infrastest, below be described for the design temperature of the heat generating member of studying the electric-heating type floor heating device and the relation of power consumption.
(the planar heat generating member that infrastest is used)
Technology about above-mentioned (e), peddle and use so planar heat generating member, promptly, at the plastic beads (polybutadiene etc.) that fusion is mixed with carbon dust and after forming the cylindrical shape sheet material, portion is provided with under the state of two electrode wires within it, and extruding has flatly formed described heat generating member with connecting described sheet material.
Exactly, be that the wide of planar heat generating member of the standardized product sold as シ サ ト house mark " プ ラ ヒ-ト " is 200 millimeters, length is 2500 millimeters, with two planar heat generating members that are ready to 500 mm wides side by side.This planar heat generating member uses 100 volts of voltages, and its power consumption is that per 1 power consumption in the time of 20 ℃ is 300W (when stablizing, being 210W in the time of about 50 ℃).
(in the used Heating Room of infrastest)
In size as the heating room, it is that 2.6 meters floor heating is with in the experiment room that ground is of a size of 3.5 meters square and courtyard height, keep the heating board (heating member) of above-mentioned planar heat generating member on 6.25 square metres of heating areas, having disposed, laying 5 ground on the bearing-surface that is made of mattess, to have disposed gross electric capacity be 1.5 kilowatts heating board, laid ornament materials (floor material) thereon.
(heating board structure)
In the foundation structure of heating board as shown in Figure 9, with the polypropylene is that raw material are configured to heat-insulating material and soleplate at the honeycomb panel 1 that the bottom forms, be provided with pad 2 that constitutes by synthetic resin sheet and the cushion 3 that constitutes by Foamex or felt, above-mentioned planar heat generating member 4 on it, and be provided with the insulating trip 5 that constitutes by synthetic resin thereon, utilization has used the housing 6 of 0.8 millimeter-1 millimeter aluminium sheet to cover its periphery, form the heating board P of prefabricated component type (in plant produced, and the structure of carrying out operation at the workshop with minimum assembling).
Heat accumulation member is not set having on the heating board P of foundation structure, accumulation of heat so is exactly the heat of the heat of heating board P and the bed board portion of being heated by heating board P.
Infrastest 1 (no heat-storing material, 13 ℃ of ambient temperatures)
Adopting average ambient temperature is to use heating board P ground that planar heat generating member (in a day) is switched under 13 ℃ the situation so that room temperature is heated under 22 ℃ the occasion of method, power consumption when measurement makes design temperature become 50 ℃ and 40 ℃ two stages is according to 25 yen/kWh of the common electricity charge ground of Tokyo Electric Power calculating total electricity charge.
Power consumption when (A) design temperature is 50 ℃ is 22.4 kilowatt-hours, and the required for this reason electricity charge are 560 yen/day, 16800 yen/month.
Power consumption when (B) design temperature is 40 ℃ is 15.2 kilowatt-hours, and the required for this reason electricity charge are 380 yen/day, 11400 yen/month.
According to experimental result, when making design temperature be reduced to 40 ℃ than 50 ℃ low 10 ℃ of ground, the electricity charge have obviously reduced by 33%.
Under the occasion of only switching in the district in the time on daytime of needs heating, the temperature rise period that bed surface reaches predetermined temperature must need more time, indoor temperature can not remain on 20 ℃ simply simultaneously, thereby, for example in office etc., under the occasion of energising continuously, the thermal efficiency is good, this means 24 hours and experimentizes to energising continuously.
Infrastest 2 (no heat-storing material, 2 ℃ of ambient temperatures)
Use has the heating board P with infrastest 1 one spline structures, makes design temperature become 50 ℃ and 40 ℃ two stages when average ambient temperature is 2 ℃, measures power consumption thus and has obtained following result.
Power consumption when (A) design temperature is 50 ℃ is 23.5 kilowatt-hours, and the required for this reason electricity charge are 588 yen/day, 17600 yen/month.
Power consumption when (B) design temperature is 40 ℃ is 18.2 kilowatt-hours, 455 yen/day of the required for this reason electricity charge, 13650 yen/month.
But, in both cases, take with regard to heating in 1 month of one of six seat, right-as family burden overweight.Therefore, continuous energising heating in 1 day is quite disadvantageous at economic aspect.
On the other hand, according to Utilities Electric Co., the electricity charge of night electricity are about 3.26 yen-7 yen, have compared 1/8-1/3.6 low with common electric power.Therefore, effectively utilizing night electricity in floor panel structure, to put aside heat energy in advance, this heat energy can be used for the floor heating on daytime, then comparing, can reduce the electricity charge significantly with the floor heating method in past.
Therefore, the present invention is a kind of like this method, heat-storing material (heat-storage agent) promptly is set in heating board in advance or in the heating ground plate structure, heat-storing material is set, at night heat-storing material and especially latent heat type heat-storing material are remained under this high temperature more than heat-storing material fusing point, utilize by heat-storing material latent heat to be heated to the sensible heat of the temperature higher and to be used for the heating on daytime as high temperature heat ground accumulation of heat and with institute's amount of stored heat than fusing point.
In this case, the accumulation of heat in the Heating Room is the latent heat of heat-storing material and sensible heat, the sensible heat of heating board own and heat energy that the sensible heat that adds the hott bed material and cause is arranged as described above.
The technological thought of the temperature control method of floor heating device of the present invention is by day temperature to be set as far as possible for not electrification as described above, and use cheap night electricity, floor panel structure integral body is heated to high temperature, thereby also significantly reduces the electricity charge thus as heat energy area amount of stored heat.
Therefore, preferably power consumption is controlled to be zero or approaching zero state ground by day and carries out floor heating, thus the economy of significantly improving.
The present invention utilizes the knowledge that above-mentioned infrastest obtains and uses and added the heat-storing material and the heating board of latent heat type heat-storing material (heat-storage agent) preferably, and preferably prefabricated assembly type heating board.
In this case, the invention provides and a kind ofly fulfil with electricity consumption at the night contract of Utilities Electric Co. and effectively utilize very cheap night electricity ground to carry out the method for floor heating.
Therefore, the present invention will provide a kind of like this floor heating device and control method thereof that reduces the electricity charge as far as possible, promptly the heat energy that produces by night electricity is put aside in the structure of floor heating device and is especially also discharged these heat energy by day in the latent heat type heat-storing material, thus one, reduce common power consumption ground as far as possible and heat, thereby do one's utmost to have reduced power consumption on expensive daytime.
According to the present invention, in floor panel structure accumulated heat can effect can be applicable to the warm water formula floor heating device that produces the unequal problem of heating temperature effectively over.
On traditional heat-insulating material, be provided with in the floor heating device of thermal medium pipe and have following problems, promptly as mentioned above, the temperature of supply pipe has produced very big-difference aspect discharge temperature, because the heat transfer scope is limited in the narrow range etc., so be difficult to the whole bed surface temperature is controlled in the uniform temperature.
But, by adopting the present invention, can utilize the heat that pipe sent of heating such as warm water to be transferred to ground material one side by heat-storing material, even thereby the pipe temperature is variant, owing to exist heat-storing material to make the even standardized function of temperature, thereby eliminated the shortcoming of thermal medium formula heating installation and can carry out similarly heating with electric heating device.
Summary of the invention
The temperature control method of realizing the floor heating device of the present invention of above-mentioned purpose is to constitute like this.
(1) to constituting heating board by tabular heating power portion and the heat storage unit that is stacked in the heating power portion, the described heating portion that this heating board is arranged on the supporting floor of heating chamber and lays the floor heating device of ground decoration materials on the heating board end face switches in the method that heats, to be divided into first period of the common electricity charge and second period of the discounting electricity charge to the energising period of heating portion, the heating portion design temperature of these two energising periods is differentiated, second design temperature of switching on the period is controlled to remain on than under the high high temperature of the design temperature of the first energising period.
(2) to by tabular heating power portion be stacked in described heating portion that heat storage unit in the heating power portion constitutes heating board, this heating board is arranged on the supporting floor of heating chamber and lays the floor heating device of ground decoration materials on the heating board end face and switch in the method that heats, heat-storing material is a latent heat type.
(3) design temperature of heating power portion with the second energising period is controlled to than under high 5 ℃-25 ℃ temperature of the design temperature of the first energising period.
(4) design temperature of the first energising period is set for below the setting temperature of latent heat type heat-storing material, the design temperature of the second energising period is remained on more than the fusing point of described latent heat type heat-storing material, and to be the latent heat type heat-storing material absorb sensible heat fusion and make the scope of the heat-storing material temperature rising of fusion with latent heat from curdled appearance to temperature controlling range.
(5) design temperature of the first energising period is set for below 27 ℃.
(6) heat accumulated of described heat storage unit is controlled in the heating of Heating Room temperature under 20 ℃ the condition and is 100W/m
2-350W/m
2
(7) heat-storing material of the described heat storage unit of formation is sensible heat heat-storing material or latent-heat storage material or uses the sensible heat heat-storing material simultaneously and the material of latent-heat storage material.
(8) to constituting heating board by tabular heating power portion and the heat storage unit that is stacked in the heating power portion, the described heating portion that this heating board is arranged on the floor heating device of laying the ground decoration materials on the heating board end face on the supporting floor of heating chamber switches in the method that heats, constitute described heat storage unit with the latent heat type heat-storing material, to be divided into first energising period of the common electricity charge and the second energising period more cheap to the energising period of heat storage unit than the electricity charge of the first energising period, the design temperature of the first energising period is set for than low 5 ℃ of the setting temperature of described heat-storing material, set for the temperature of the second energising period higher 5 ℃-25 ℃ than the fusion temperature of heat-storing material.
(9) described heating power portion is the circulating heating of a thermal medium portion.
Usually, according to the contract of Utilities Electric Co., the electricity charge of Japan night electricity or the late into the night electric power with common electric power between very big-difference is arranged.For example, giving the common electric power of the Tokyo Electric Power of Japanese Northeast regional power supply is 25 yen/kWh (metering electric charge).On the contrary, night electricity is about 3.26 yen/kWh-7 yen/kWh, has the difference of 1/8-1/3.6 between the two.In addition, the Utilities Electric Co. and the special-purpose of day well-behaved region are quite cheap as the device for melting snow that is used for area, Hokkaido.
The electricity charge that the present invention has effectively utilized between common electric power and the night electricity are poor, the main night electricity that the electricity charge are cheap is used to heat and therefore floor heating device is remained on than under the high temperature of common heating condition, thereby energetically the heat deposit is also discharged the heat of being put aside by day in the floor panel structure inside that comprises floor heating device at night.
In other words, characteristics of the present invention are, it has to use the function of floor panel structure and make it to have as ground, heat accumulation storehouse carries out floor heating functionally as the samming buffer.
In addition, owing in floor heating device, be component parts the and heat of heat generating member is not directly passed to ground with heat-storing material (heat-storage agent), thereby the unusual intensification on ground can be suppressed.
The daytime design temperature of the present invention by will the electric lighting bill is heavy be reduced to less than night design temperature come as far as possible that the lowland suppresses the electricity charge and carries out floor heating.As a result, the used common electricity charge of the required total electricity charge of heating equipment and floor heating in the past mutually specific energy significantly reduce.
According to the present invention, owing to can not make the generating capacity in power plant that big the variation taken place, so in most of the cases, can effectively utilize night electricity or the dump power not using and disappear, thereby can help Utilities Electric Co.'s operation, make the generating equipment power averagingization and suppress recently in the whole world all generations of debatable carbonic acid gas.
Japan nuclear power production account for generated energy overall 40%, such generated energy can not be regulated.Under hydroelectric occasion, carry out pumping water to generate electricity ground at night and regulate generated energy, under the occasion of thermal power generation, regulate Boiler Steam generation ground and regulate generated energy, but these all can not regulate generated energy significantly.Therefore, the utilization of night electricity is very economic problem concerning Utilities Electric Co., and people are developing its purposes at present.
In the present invention, be preferably in the heat-storing material that latent heat type is set in the heating ground plate structure, at this moment, the temperature that heats the latent heat type heat-storing material at night is according to the characteristic of heat-storing material and difference, but preferably high 5 ℃-25 ℃ than its fusing point.In addition, the temperature employing temperature lower than heat-storing material setting temperature that heats because of the heat-storing material heat release by day is favourable.
With regard to the used latent heat type heat-storing material of embodiment, setting temperature and melt temperature have certain limit, and fusing point is about 31 ℃, and setting temperature is about 28 ℃.
Although absorb latent heat in during the phase transformation that enters molten condition from the temperature lower with heating heat-storing material, under the occasion of further raising temperature, absorb sensible heat corresponding to its temperature than molten condition than its setting temperature.Subsequently, when earth constructions such as heating floor, further absorb sensible heat,, put aside considerable heat energy thus as the plate structure entirely that comprises heating board.
In order effectively to utilize above-mentioned latent heat type heat-storing material characteristic, in low-temperature space, reject heat to than the low temperature of setting temperature and to can be compared to this temperature most low below 5 ℃ always, thereby, when night storage heating, by being heated to and accumulation of heat in comprising the floor panel structure of heat-storing material as much as possible than high 5 ℃-25 ℃ high temperature of fusing point.
As described above, the design temperature of heating board comprises the freezing point of latent heat type heat-storing material and the phase transition temperature between the fusing point and than in high 25 ℃ of the fusing point, in other words, design temperature is heated to 50 ℃ with the interior scope that does not make the heat-storing material heat ageing and influence the maximum amount of stored heat of persistence ground acquisition that means.In addition, on the other hand, under the occasion of long-time directly kiss the earth such as child, must be heated to not in the scope of being scalded by low temperature.
(the fixing control of the temperature difference)
When the temperature control of floor heating device, the design temperature that changes the period of switching on switch on night period and daytime one by one may make temperature control become complicated.Therefore, with the design temperature difference precedents of two periods as strong, in, weak three sections, " by force " is fixed as 25 ℃, " in " be fixed as 15 ℃, " weak " is fixed as 10 ℃, when determining that corresponding to ambient temperature one of them design temperature such as daytime are switched on the period, can automatically set another temperature, temperature is set and has been become easily thus.
Like this, under the occasion of the fixedly control of the temperature difference, preferably so make control device work, the maximum temperature of the latent heat type heat-storing material of the period of promptly switching on night is set to 55 ℃, preferably below 50 ℃.
Owing to constitute electric heating device of the present invention as described above, become quite cheap so its running cost is also compared by the device of this heating with burning gases or kerosene ground heat hot medium.In addition, its persistence and the temperature homogeneity that can play very well.
Therefore, in the preferred embodiment of the present invention, can be with heating board and the heat storage unit that is made of the latent heat type heat-storing material is set in heating board with establishing, when heat-storing material when solid is melted into the phase transformation of liquid ground, can utilize opposite phase transition process ground to preserve heat as much as possible in that floor panel structure is inner.
Heat storage unit can be arranged in the heating board integratedly, considers in type that changes heat-storing material and amount of stored heat or changes service behaviour under the such occasion of aging heat-storing material, preferably can separate and use heating portion and heat storage unit overlappingly.
At night heat-storing material is heated to high temperature ground and becomes molten condition, and comprise the accumulation of heat of latent heat and sensible heat, and heat-storing material becomes solid-state or approaching solid-state pulpous state ground with heat-storing material control at low temperatures by day, thus one, the accumulation of heat of switch on night is switched on period by day fully to be discharged in the period, as a result, in fact do not use electric power or just to use heat electrically daytime slightly be very important on daytime.Therefore, even all switched in one day, be actually the startup of controlling energising according to the temperature of bed and close.
The amount of stored heat of heat-storing material is preferably 100 watts/square metre-350 watts/square metre, if less than this scope, then can't obtain sufficient accumulation of heat effect, if and greater than this scope, then heat-storing material quantity increases, its thickness increases, and ground material supporting force reduces, so there is no need greater than above-mentioned scope.
Therefore,, can not resemble the warm-air type heating ground contaminated air that utilizes air-conditioning by heating bed surface with floor heating device of the present invention, and, as the floor heating characteristic, can produce the various effects that can make full use of the room.
Before, to in warm water formula floor heating device because of exist to conduct heat uneven and can not from pipe initially to the heat supply of terminal ground, so must improve the shortcoming of the temperature of thermal medium is illustrated, but, can provide a kind of floor heating device that corrects these shortcomings by adopting floor heating device of the present invention.
The characteristics of the temperature control method of floor heating device of the present invention are, to constituting heating board by tabular heating power portion and the heat storage unit that is stacked in the heating power portion, the described heating portion that this heating board is arranged on the supporting floor of heating chamber and lays the floor heating device of ground decoration materials on the heating board end face switches in the method that heats, to be divided into the energising period of heating portion and switching on the period at switch on daytime period and night, the heating portion design temperature of these two energising periods is differentiated, the design temperature of period of will switching on night is controlled to and remains on than under the high temperature of the design temperature of switch on daytime period, and this has produced following effect.
1) latent heat type heat-storing material or stacked this heating board and sensible heat type heat-storing material or the latent heat type heat-storing material of using are set in heating board, when making the cheap night electricity of energy charge, in the floor heating device of heat-storing material is housed and hold heat of high temperature, this heat is released when heating by day, if necessary, use simultaneously and carry out floor heating usually electrically, thereby can significantly reduce the electricity charge.
2) as heat-storing material, use can utilize the latent heat type heat-storing material of sensible heat and latent heat and come the method for accumulation of heat can reduce the electricity charge effectively by night electricity.
3) in addition, use the latent heat type heat-storing material and the design temperature on daytime of floor heating device is controlled at than under the lower slightly temperature of heat-storing material setting temperature, and the design temperature during with night storage heating set temperature and the day temperature when heat-storing material melts, be the temperature that middle heart is set night and daytime promptly by phase transition temperature with the latent heat type heat-storing material, thereby compare with the occasion of using the common electricity charge, can reduce the electricity charge significantly.
Under according to the occasion that the electricity charge at night is given a discount with the special contract of Utilities Electric Co., the present invention can make the electricity charge reduce by a larger margin.
The drawing brief introduction
Fig. 1 is the sectional view that amplifies the major part of the heating board of representing built-in latent heat type heat-storing material and top stacked sensible heat type heat-storing material.
Fig. 2 is the sectional view that adopts the floor heating device of heating board shown in Figure 1.
Fig. 3 is the sectional view of the heating board of stacked sensible heat type heat-storing material on traditional heating board.
Fig. 4 is the oblique view of exploded representation heating board part.
Fig. 5 is the plane of shell end.
Fig. 6 is an oblique view of seeing the housing front end from the right side.
Fig. 7 is an oblique view of seeing the housing front end from the left side.
Fig. 8 is the control circuit figure of floor heating device.
Fig. 9 is the sectional view that amplifies the traditional heating board major part of expression.
Figure 10 is an oblique view of representing the heat storage unit structure with the cross section.
The specific embodiment
Fig. 1 is the sectional view of heating board (heating member) HP of first embodiment of the invention, and Fig. 2 is the sectional view of the heating ground plate structure of described laying heating board HP.
Heating board HP so constitutes, be stacked in promptly that the bottom is provided with the heating portion 10 of honeycomb panel 1a and the stacked heat storage unit 11 on the upper strata, and use the coverboard 12 that constitutes by metallic plates such as aluminium sheets to cover outer surface, thereby formed " prefabricated assembly type " heating board HP of whole one-tenth thick plate-like, i.e. the packaging heating board in workshop.
The honeycomb panel 1a of the bottom is a synthetic resin formed product, for example, can use the plate of thick 7 millimeter, especially under the occasion of considering compression strength, it is overlapping and the connecting wall orthogonal ground that connects between the upper and lower surface plate is disposed that two its thickness are about half sheet material, thereby can significantly improve compression strength.
Laid padded coaming 3a on the end face of honeycomb panel 1a, it has used Foamex and synthetic rubber etc. that the sheet material of hear resistance and resiliency is arranged.Therefore, on the end face of padded coaming 3a, lay planar heat generating member 4a, on planar heat generating member, laid tabular heat storage unit 11, also be provided with the pad 2a that constitutes by synthetic resin sheet side by side, carry out gap adjustment with padded coaming 3a.Because pad 2a is made into to meet the gap cross sectional shape, therefore be adapted to the veneer shape, triangular shaped, become L shaped shape etc., and determine pad adaptably with the gap shape as required.
Therefore, cover above-mentioned total ground design aluminium sheet system coverboard 12, coverboard 12 has played the effect of heating board HP being concentrated the all-in-one-piece casing.Thus one, it has played the effect that does not have unevenly heat to be passed to the soaking plate of ground one side.
In addition, when on the supporting floor, laying polylith heating board HP, it is electrically connected mutually and can below bed board, forms large-area earth-return circuit, thereby prevent the electric leakage accident of contingency appearance by polylith heating board HP.
(heat-storing material (heat-storage agent))
As heat-storing material, can use solid sensible heat type heat-storing material, can be between solid and liquid phase transformation ground savings sensible heat and latent heat the latent heat type heat-storing material or use the latent heat type heat-storing material simultaneously and sensible heat type heat-storing material, but especially preferably use the latent heat type heat-storing material effectively.
The function of latent heat type heat-storing material is, improves the design temperature ground control of heating portion at high temperature at night, when being in molten condition, absorbing in a large number and puts aside sensible heat and latent heat.When the heat of putting aside by heat storage unit avoid room temperature unusual raise and thereby will be set at daytime when cryogenically controlling, emit in a large number and thermally undergo phase transition along with heat-storing material, will transfer to daytime by the heat energy that night electricity obtains.
As heat-storing material of the present invention, because of its accumulation of heat effect is preferably used the latent heat type heat-storing material remarkably.The latent heat type heat-storing material for example can use contains sodium sulfate 10 water salt, prevent that cryogen, silica were the material of tackifier and barium sulfate as ground as described in No. the 2659350th, the patent.Silica is that tackifier are waterglass, can be with Boratex 10 water salt as preventing cryogen.
The present invention especially combines the latent heat and the sensible heat of heat-storing material by use latent heat type heat-storing material, and can increase amount of stored heat as far as possible by the heating board structure with laying the inner accumulation of heat of ground material thereon.This means, also can use the latent heat type heat-storing material that constitutes by other material, as No. 2929418 described material of patent.
The latent heat type heat-storing material is the solid-state of salt at normal temperatures, absorbs ablation heat and melts in when heating to be liquid or near liquid, thereby accumulation of heat heat release and being separated repeatedly, surfusion does not take place, therefore, can obtain a large amount of latent heat, it has the anti-long-time character of using repeatedly.
As the heat storage unit of holding the latent heat type heat-storing material, can use structure shown in Figure 1.Specifically, as shown in figure 10, the synthetic resin sheet 111,112 of two heat-proof corrosion-resistants is bonding with predetermined space, forms connecting portion 113, can fill latent heat type heat-storing material 114 in the spatial portion between connecting portion 113.
Synthetic resin sheet 111,112 is given bubble-tight laminate with can using on polythene strip stacked nylon or polyester film.But the present invention is not limited to this.
(planar heat generating member)
In the present invention, planar heat generating member 4a there is not particular restriction, for example, as described in above-mentioned (e), can use such material, promptly in thermoplastic resin, quantitatively sneak into conductive powders such as carbon and form particle, with pellet supply extruder and fusion and be squeezed into sheet, simultaneously electrode wires is set, it is connected with the sheet material resinous electricity in the sheet material both sides.
As the heating portion that constitutes heating board HP of the present invention, can use forming resistance pattern, taking shape in the groove on the electrical insulation sheet and laying the high planar heat generating members of various reliabilities such as nichrome wire by metal forming on the electrical insulation sheet according to the heating figure.
But, under the occasion of floor heating device, because it is (about 55 ℃ below-50 ℃ at a lower temperature, according to occasion, below 30 ℃) make the parts of planar heat generating member 4a heating, so use will conduct electricity as described above synthetic resin make sheet, have from current controling characteristic and when reach predetermined temperature when above resistance sharply to increase and correspondingly control the magnitude of current therewith automatically be safe with the character of maintenance uniform temperature, material with " just characteristic ".
As shown in Figure 1, the material from bottom honeycomb panel to upper strata heat storage unit 11 is concentrated in together by housing 12, thereby has formed thick plate-like heating board HP (heating member).Heating board HP has the precast construction that can all assemble in the workshop.
Therefore, the heating board HP of workshop assembling as shown in Figure 2, be laid on the floor support 13 (concrete surface, pile plate), connect planar heat generating member 4a and power line C (Fig. 5,6), tie breaker and temperature control equipment, in the superiors, lay ground decoration materials 15 (smooth materials), form floor heating device 16.The 17th, the ground decoration materials (コ Application パ ネ material) of predetermined thickness are arranged corresponding to heating board HP thickness, the 18th, wallboard.
(sensible heat type heat-storing material)
It is slightly poor and be provided with the heating board HP of the floor heating device of sensible heat type heat-storing material that Fig. 3 represents as the heat storage capacity of floor heating device of the present invention.Utilized the heating board HP of traditional structure shown in Figure 9 among the heating board HP as substructure, stacked sensible heat type heat-storing material 20 on heating board HP and formed heating board HP, be heating member.
The material that sensible heat type heat-storing material 20 is preferably such, promptly the heat that keeps when being heated is stacked in the tabular on the heating board HP greatly and easily, thereby when being heated, it can put aside big calorimetric.
Specifically, though can use thick 10-35 millimeter and best thick about 20 millimeters marble or granite, also can use the sheet material that other various slabstones and small crushed stone is fixed into slab with cement.
For example under the situation of wide 500 millimeters (outside dimensions), long 2500 millimeters specification products, heating board HP is applicable on the supporting floor that is configured to the heating chamber.In addition, also can adopt from a side of the length direction of planar heat generating member 4a and extract unillustrated two electrode wires L (Fig. 5) out and extract an electrode wires L respectively out from two sides.
Under the occasion of the planar heat generating member of extracting two electrode wires L from a side out, can use the feed cable ground of a plurality of formations to carry out distribution.And extracting out respectively from the heat generating member two edges under the occasion of an electrode wires L, feed cable C can be set in the both sides of planar heat generating member 4a, and make planar heat generating member 4a carry out distribution with single line with being attached thereto, and extremely simple thereby operation becomes, exist the advantage that is not that the electrician also can distribution.
As shown in Figure 1, using the heat storage unit of latent heat type heat-storing material can be that sack or a plurality of container that holds above-mentioned latent heat type heat-storing material laterally separates appropriate intervals side by side, and is connected with each other into frame-like and parts with necessary mechanical strength.
As Fig. 4, shown in Figure 1, be built in the point-like of sheet up and down of the sack that the latent heat type heat storage unit 11 among the heating board HP will be made of synthetic resin sheet at connecting portion 19 by modes such as ultrasonic bonding or couple together with becoming spaced wire and improved resistance to pressure.And, if necessary, intensive aspect (plastic lattice-shaped frame) is set in sack, thereby can improves abundant resistance to pressure corresponding to the ground material.
Although it is necessary connecting the extension of the distribution of planar heat generating member 4a and cable C, the otch of the distribution that in Fig. 4, drawn or hole 12d.
Heat storage unit not only can become Fig. 1 and cushion shown in Figure 4, and it can be such, be about in the long sack that uses synthetic resin sheet, to fill the clava that heat-storing material forms and establish a plurality ofly, and integrally form the tabular body, and it is stacked on the heating board HP with the housing covering.
Fig. 5-Fig. 7 represents the structure of other housing 12, and they are that the cross section 12a at expression one side's edge becomes L shaped and another edge 12b becomes inside コ font, and the plane of the housing 12 that do not seal of two ends.Fig. 6 is an oblique view of seeing 12 leading sections of housing shown in Fig. 5 from the left side, and Fig. 7 is the oblique view of seeing from the right side.
On the 12f of left comer portion of the flat part leading section 12e of housing 12, as illustrated in fig. 6, the front end ground that cuts away the vertical sheet of the thick portion of protection has formed notch, and on right corner portion 12g, cuts away the front end ground formation notch of vertical sheet as illustrated in fig. 7.
Therefore, shell shown in Figure 5 is opened by otch for two bight 12f, the 12g of the leading section of the flat part of 12 end face, utilizes opening to insert feed cable C, can make it to link to each other and carry out distribution in lead L.
Ground connection is arranged on the ground although housing 12 can be electrically connected mutually, under the occasion of slot milling above the edge 12a, can be provided with the pad of resiliency in this space and makes the end face of housing 12 flatten smooth.
That the used planar heat generating member 4a of the foregoing description has used is that be made of conductive plastic film, wide 450 millimeters, long 2500 millimeters, every power consumption as 280w, stablize the product of power consumption as 210w.As electrical insulation sheet 5, used thick 2 millimeters polypropylene foil, as housing 6,12, used the aluminium sheet of thick 0.8-1.0 millimeter.
In addition, as the most suitable heat storage unit 2 of the present invention, used in synthetic resin bag or container and filled 100w/m
2-350w/m
2The parts as No. 2659350 described latent heat type heat-storing material of patent.
If the quantity of heat-storing material is less than 100w/m
2, then accumulation of heat deleterious can not expect to obtain sufficient floor heating effect.And if surpassed 350w/m
2, then under the too high occasion of amount of stored heat, surpass 350w/m in that sizable volume is arranged
2There is no need.
In addition, as the structure of other heat storage unit, as shown in Figure 1, can adopt such composite construction, promptly stackedly on bottom form the latent heat type heat-storing material 11 that constitutes by above-mentioned, and stacked thereon granite and the such tabular sensible heat heat-storing material 20 made of stones that heat insulating ability is arranged of marble of resembling.But, under the occasion of this structure, the amount of stored heat that also must be designed to the latent heat type heat-storing material is enough high.
The structure and the temperature control method thereof of the floor heating device of the embodiment of the invention then, are described.
1) room of floor heating
In following examples, 3.5 meters square floor heating areas also preparing out in above-mentioned infrastest 1,2 to use are that 6.25 square metres, courtyard height are 2.6 meters room, as the structure of floor heating device, use the structure shown in Fig. 1,2.
2) structure of floor heating device (1)
The floor heating device of the embodiment of the invention 1 is being laid wide 500 millimeters, the maximum power consumption value used under long 2500 millimeters, the 100 volts planar heat generating member 4a as 350w (maximum is imported) as shown in Figure 2 on the concrete bearing floor 10, gross electric capacity is 1.5kW.In addition, the laying rate in the relative room of planar heat producing body 4a is 63%.
When power consumption was expressed power supply and dropped into, along with the temperature of planar heat generating member 4a rises, electric current reduced successively, and under about 35 ℃, electric current has the positive characteristic stable by resistance variations being no more than under the situation of 210w.
Fig. 8 represents an example of floor heating device control circuit of the present invention, input part 30 by night timer configuration part 31, daytime timer configuration part 32, nocturnal temperature configuration part 31a, day temperature configuration part 32a constitute, this signal is passed to control part 33.In control part 33,, will be provided with among the signal input temp test section 33c of thermometer 4s thereon, thereby carry out the temperature control of heating member 4a when oversampling clock 33a heats heating member 4a (planar heat generating member) with output adjusting portion 33b ground.
3) structure of floor heating device (2)
Fig. 3 represents the heating board HP of the floor heating device of second embodiment of the invention, and it has used with the heating board HP of Fig. 9 and the same heating portion 10 shown in Figure 1 and has used thick 35 millimeters marble slab as sensible heat type heat-storing material 20 thereon.
Then, according to floor heating device its action effect is described with above-mentioned various structures.
1, embodiment 1 (sensible heat type heat-storing material)
In having used as illustrated in fig. 3, this embodiment keeps the floor heating device (Fig. 2) that the heating board HP of the heating board P of planar illuminating part 4, stacked thick 25 millimeters Dali sensible heat type made of stones heat-storing material 20 constitutes, when ambient temperature is 13 ℃, measurement is at the power consumption of giving under the occasion that the different periods control with temperature difference ground, per diem, calculate the corresponding electricity charge (25 yen/kWh of the common electricity charge moon, 6 yen of the electricity charge at night/kWh), and as shown below.
Table 1 (sensible heat type, 13 ℃)
| Period: the time | 22-8 8-22 | The kWh of the unit electricity charge |
| Daytime at night | The moon (yen) | |
| Design temperature 1: ℃ power consumption 1:kWh/D | 50 40 11.3 5.7 | 17.0 6309 |
| Design temperature 2: ℃ power consumption 2:kWh/D | 40 30 8.6 3.5 | 12.1 4173 |
| Design temperature 3: ℃ power consumption 3:kWh/D | 35 25 8.0 2.3 | 10.3 3165 |
The electricity charge in every month of each design temperature of embodiment 1 are 6309,4173,3165 yen, if reduce the design temperature on daytime, then the electricity charge significantly reduce.
In above-mentioned infrastest 1, the electricity charge in every month are the 16800-11400 yen, on the contrary, by on the used heating board P of this infrastest, adding sensible heat type heat-storing material 20 and give period round the clock and carry out temperature control, thereby the electricity charge have obviously been reduced as described above according to the period with temperature difference ground.
2, embodiment 2 (sensible heat type heat-storing material)
This embodiment has used the heating board HP that is stacked with the sensible heat type heat-storing material 20 the same with embodiment 1, in temperature control according to the temperature difference, period difference, and the measured value when demonstrating extraneous temperature on average and being 2 ℃.
Table 2 (sensible heat type, 2 ℃)
| Period: the time | 22-8 8-22 | The kWh of the unit electricity charge |
| Daytime at night | The moon (yen) | |
| Design temperature 1: ℃ power consumption 1:kWh/D | 50 40 14.0 6.0 | 20.0 7020 |
| Design temperature 2: ℃ power consumption 2:kWh/D | 40 30 12.1 3.6 | 15.7 4878 |
| Design temperature 3: ℃ power consumption 3:kWh/D | 35 25 11.5 1.8 | 13.3 3420 |
As comparing embodiment 1,2 is found, ambient temperature when 13 ℃ are reduced to 2 ℃, the electricity charge 40%-60% that also gone up.
3, embodiment 3 (latent heat type heat-storing material+sensible heat type heat-storing material)
This embodiment represents to use simultaneously in the temperature difference and the control of the temperature of period under the occasion of latent heat type heat-storing material and sensible heat type heat-storing material as heat-storing material, the measured value during 13 ℃ of ambient temperature average out to.
Used the floor heating device 16 (Fig. 2) of stacked thick 30 millimeters Dali sensible heat type made of stones heat-storing material on heating board HP shown in Figure 1, when extraneous mean temperature is 13 ℃, design temperature is divided into 3 sections as described below, and change is set with changing the date, measure the power consumption of this moment, the result is as follows.
Table 3 (latent heat type+sensible heat type, 13 ℃)
| Period: the time | 22-8 8-22 | The kWh of the unit electricity charge |
| Daytime at night | The moon (yen) | |
| Design temperature 1: ℃ power consumption 1:kWh/D | 50 40 9.3 2.7 | 12.0 3699 |
| Design temperature 2: ℃ power consumption 2:kWh/D | 40 30 9.1 0.5 | 9.6 2013 |
| Design temperature 3: ℃ power consumption 3:kWh/D | 35 25 9.1 0 | 9.1 11638 |
Comparing embodiment 3 and embodiment 2, under the situation of design temperature 1, the electricity charge have reduced 56%, then under the situation of design temperature 2, the electricity charge have reduced 32%, then under the situation of design temperature 3, the electricity charge have reduced 72%, and the good results are evident to use latent heat type heat-storing material and sensible heat type heat-storing material.
4, embodiment 4 (sensible heat type heat-storing material+latent heat type heat-storing material)
This embodiment has used the heating board HP of embodiment 3, in the temperature difference, period control, when extraneous temperature on average is 2 ℃, design temperature is divided into 3 sections as described below, changes date ground and changes setting, measures the power consumption of this moment, and the result is as follows.
Table 4 (latent heat type+sensible heat type, 2 ℃)
| Period: the time | 22-8 8-22 | The kWh of the unit electricity charge |
| Daytime at night | The moon (yen) | |
| Design temperature 1: ℃ power consumption 1:kW/D | 50 40 14.3 1.4 | 15.7 3624 |
| Design temperature 2: ℃ power consumption 2:kW/D | 40 25 12.6 0 | 12.6 2268 |
| Design temperature 3: ℃ power consumption 3:kW/D | 35 25 11.5 0 | 9.0 2070 |
The design temperature 2 and 3 of embodiment 4 is to be positioned at latent heat type heat-storing material fusing point (about 31 ℃) to set with the temperature at solidification temperature (about 28 ℃) two.
That is, make the fusing of latent heat type heat-storing material also the heat-storing material that is in fusion be solidified and set both temperature, effect of the present invention for confirmation (about 28 ℃) at night.
The feature of the design temperature of this embodiment is that power consumption has increased some at night.On the contrary, the power consumption vanishing on daytime, thus one, reduced the whole electricity charge.
In addition, the characteristics of this embodiment are that double team is lived the latent heat type heat-storing material and determined design temperature " setting temperature is 28 ℃, and melt temperature is 31 ℃ ".Therefore, when ambient temperature was 2 ℃, the electricity charge in every month reduced to 2070 yen from 3624 yen, and the electricity charge have reduced.
Use the example of heating power spare although in the various embodiments described above, illustrated as the thermal source heat generating member, but the present invention also can be used to use the situation of warm water and other thermal medium, because side's disposed thereon heat-storing material has constituted the padded coaming of temperature and the temperature of equalization can have been passed to ground, thereby can unite use with the water heater that uses night electricity etc., constitute floor heating device of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. the temperature control method of a floor heating device, it is to constituting heating board by tabular heating power portion with the heat storage unit that is stacked in the heating power portion, the described heating portion that this heating board is arranged on the supporting floor of heating chamber and lays the floor heating device of ground decoration materials on the heating board end face switches on and heats, it is characterized in that, the energising period of heating portion is divided into first period of the common electricity charge and second period of the discounting electricity charge, the heating portion design temperature of these two energising periods is differentiated, second design temperature of switching on the period is controlled to remain on than under the high temperature of the design temperature of the first energising period.
2. the temperature control method of floor heating device as claimed in claim 1, it is to by tabular heating power portion be stacked in described heating portion that heat storage unit in the heating power portion constitutes heating board, this heating board is arranged on the supporting floor of heating chamber and lays the floor heating device of ground decoration materials on the heating board end face and switch on and heat, it is characterized in that described heat-storing material is the latent heat type heat-storing material.
3. the temperature control method of floor heating device as claimed in claim 1 or 2 is characterized in that, the design temperature of heating power portion of the second energising period is controlled to than under high 5 ℃-25 ℃ temperature of the design temperature of the first energising period.
4. the temperature control method of floor heating device as claimed in claim 2, it is characterized in that, the design temperature of the first energising period is set in below the setting temperature of latent heat type heat-storing material, the design temperature of the second energising period is remained on more than the fusing point of described latent heat type heat-storing material, and to be the latent heat type heat-storing material absorb sensible heat fusion and make the scope of the heat-storing material temperature rising of this fusion with latent heat from curdled appearance to temperature controlling range.
5. the temperature control method of floor heating device as claimed in claim 4 is characterized in that, first design temperature of switching on the period is set at below 27 ℃.
6. the temperature control method of floor heating device as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, it is 100-350W/m that the heat that described heat storage unit is accumulated heats in the Heating Room temperature under the condition that is controlled at 20 ℃
2
7. the temperature control method of floor heating device as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, the heat-storing material that constitutes described heat storage unit is sensible heat heat-storing material or latent-heat storage material, or uses the material of sensible heat heat-storing material and latent-heat storage material simultaneously.
8. the temperature control method of a floor heating device, it is to constituting heating board by tabular heating power portion with the heat storage unit that is stacked in the heating power portion, the described heating portion that this heating board is arranged on the supporting floor of heating chamber and lays the floor heating device of ground decoration materials on the heating board end face switches on and heats, it is characterized in that, constitute described heat storage unit with the latent heat type heat-storing material, to be divided into first energising period of the common electricity charge and the second energising period more cheap to the period of heat storage unit energising than the electricity charge of the first energising period, the design temperature of the first energising period is set for lower below 5 ℃, set for the temperature of the second energising period higher 5 ℃-25 ℃ than the fusion temperature of heat-storing material than the setting temperature of described heat-storing material.
9. the temperature control method of floor heating device as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, described heating power portion is the circulating heating of a thermal medium portion.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP209199/2001 | 2001-07-10 | ||
| JP2001209199A JP3576125B2 (en) | 2001-07-10 | 2001-07-10 | Floor heating device and temperature control method thereof |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN1396413A CN1396413A (en) | 2003-02-12 |
| CN1218145C true CN1218145C (en) | 2005-09-07 |
Family
ID=19044888
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 01140715 Expired - Fee Related CN1218145C (en) | 2001-07-10 | 2001-09-21 | Floor heating device and its temp. control method |
Country Status (2)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JP3576125B2 (en) |
| CN (1) | CN1218145C (en) |
Families Citing this family (12)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP4694168B2 (en) * | 2004-08-27 | 2011-06-08 | 哲三 福田 | Floor heating building |
| NL1038152C2 (en) * | 2010-08-05 | 2012-02-07 | Unifloor B V | FLOOR HEATING SYSTEM. |
| JP5828651B2 (en) * | 2011-03-16 | 2015-12-09 | 大阪瓦斯株式会社 | Heating system |
| CN103244996B (en) * | 2011-03-29 | 2014-06-18 | 芜湖市科华新型材料应用有限责任公司 | Computer-controlled self-temperature-control compound energy-storage ground central heating system |
| CN103244997B (en) * | 2011-03-29 | 2014-06-18 | 芜湖市科华新型材料应用有限责任公司 | Computer-controlled self-temperature-control compound energy-storage ground central heating system |
| CN103225846B (en) * | 2011-03-29 | 2014-06-18 | 芜湖市科华新型材料应用有限责任公司 | Computer controlled temperature self-controlling composite energy storage ground central heating system |
| CN103245004B (en) * | 2011-03-29 | 2014-06-18 | 芜湖市科华新型材料应用有限责任公司 | Computer-controlled self-temperature-control compound energy-storage ground central heating system |
| CN102183062B (en) * | 2011-03-29 | 2013-12-04 | 芜湖市科华新型材料应用有限责任公司 | Self-temperature-limited composite-energy-storage ground central heating system controlled by computer |
| CN103225835B (en) * | 2011-03-29 | 2014-06-18 | 芜湖市科华新型材料应用有限责任公司 | Temperature self-controlling composite energy storage ground central heating system controlled by computer |
| JP5812647B2 (en) * | 2011-03-30 | 2015-11-17 | 大阪瓦斯株式会社 | Heating system |
| US9282590B2 (en) * | 2011-04-15 | 2016-03-08 | Appleton Grp Llc | Self-adjusting thermostat for floor warming control systems and other applications |
| EP2784895B1 (en) * | 2014-04-03 | 2016-03-23 | ABB Technology AG | Control device for an energy distribution system and method for controlling an energy distribution system |
-
2001
- 2001-07-10 JP JP2001209199A patent/JP3576125B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2001-09-21 CN CN 01140715 patent/CN1218145C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN1396413A (en) | 2003-02-12 |
| JP3576125B2 (en) | 2004-10-13 |
| JP2003021349A (en) | 2003-01-24 |
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