CN1208588C - Method and mechanism for expanding heat producing capacity of heat pump under low temperature environment - Google Patents
Method and mechanism for expanding heat producing capacity of heat pump under low temperature environment Download PDFInfo
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- CN1208588C CN1208588C CN 03115636 CN03115636A CN1208588C CN 1208588 C CN1208588 C CN 1208588C CN 03115636 CN03115636 CN 03115636 CN 03115636 A CN03115636 A CN 03115636A CN 1208588 C CN1208588 C CN 1208588C
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 8
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 230000008676 import Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 230000006978 adaptation Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000010257 thawing Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000003507 refrigerant Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000012071 phase Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000005057 refrigeration Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000002826 coolant Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000002950 deficient Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000010687 lubricating oil Substances 0.000 description 2
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000004378 air conditioning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000003763 carbonization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004134 energy conservation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007791 liquid phase Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001050 lubricating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000013011 mating Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000008400 supply water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 1
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- Compression-Type Refrigeration Machines With Reversible Cycles (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention discloses a method and a device for improving the heating capacity of an air source heat pump in the environment of low temperature. An air source heat pump system adopts a low temperature part and a high temperature part which are connected through a middle heat exchanger. The air source heat pump system can run in a general cycle way, and can also run in an overlapped cycle way. When being used for refrigerating in summer or is used for heating when the temperature of an outdoor environment is high in winter, the air source heat pump system runs in the general cycle way. With the reduction of the temperature of the outdoor environment in winter, the heat pump is automatically changed into the overlapped cycle way to run through the middle heat exchanger, the pressure ratio of a compressor is reduced, the heating capability in an environment of low temperature is improved, and the application region of the heat pump and the adaptation range of the temperature of the outdoor environment are enlarged.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the method and the device of a kind of expansion heat pump heating capacity under low temperature environment, to enlarge the ambient temperature range of system works, improve the service efficiency in season, be particularly related to after environment temperature reduces, slow down the increase of compressor pressure ratio, improve system's heating capacity and compressor service life.
Background technology
Heat pump is normally two-way, and promptly they can realize heating or cooling, perhaps heating and cooling simultaneously sometimes.Heat pump can utilize the heat in natural resources and the residual heat resources in a large number owing to can realize low-temperature heat energy is delivered to the function of high potential temperature, has effectively reduced the input energy, thereby can save heating, air-conditioning, heat supply water and the required primary energy of industry heating.Many countries are applying heat pump as reducing CO
2A kind of means of discharging.
Air source heat pump system exists following defective on operation and performance at present.Mainly be, they are under lower environment temperature, and the compressor pressure ratio is very high, and compressor gas transmission coefficient reduces, and especially use the heat pump of piston compressor, and the gas transmission coefficient approaches 0 when pressure ratio reaches 20, and compressor has been inhaled not air inlet body; Air-breathing specific volume becomes, and mass flow big, refrigeration system diminishes, and causes heating load sharply to reduce; Pressure ratio makes actual compression process and theoretical isentropic Compression process departure degree increase greatly, refrigeration/coefficient of heat supply descends, even use screw rod or this two class of vortex not to exist clearance volume, pressure ratio to influence the heat pump of the compressor of wanting much smaller substantially, its interior volume specific ratio factor has determined that adiabatic efficiency is very low under low temperature environment; The pressure ratio height also causes adopting the heat pump compressor delivery temperature of old process very high, and lubricating oil is thinning, and lubricating condition is degenerated, even can cause the lubricating oil carbonization, and scuffing of cylinder bore, knot carbon phenomenon occur, shortens the service life of compressor.
The excessive heat pump that makes of compression ratio can't normally move when the north is the coldest, has therefore hindered the popularization of very energy-conservation heat pump product at northern area, even there is its heating season utilization rate of application also lower.
Summary of the invention
The method and the device that the purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of expansion heat pump heating capacity under low temperature environment.
Its adopts low temperature part and high-temperature part, and these two parts are coupled together by Intermediate Heat Exchanger, makes refrigerating operaton or outdoor environment temperature is higher in the winter time when doing heating operation in summer, and the high and low temperature part is respectively according to the regular circulation independent operating; Along with the reduction of outdoor environment temperature in winter, heat pump transfers overlapping circular flow to automatically by Intermediate Heat Exchanger.
It comprises low temperature part and high-temperature part, wherein low-temp. portion is divided into: first compressor 1a outlet links to each other with the high-pressure side import of the first four-way change-over valve 2a, the first compressor 1a air entry links to each other with the low-pressure side outlet of the first four-way change-over valve 2a, the interface of the first four-way change-over valve 2a links to each other with the end of the user side first heat exchanger 3a, another interface links to each other with the end of the ambient side first heat exchanger 5a, the other end of the ambient side first heat exchanger 5a links to each other with the end of the first control valve 7a and the second control valve 7b respectively through first throttle device 4a, and the other end of the second control valve 7b links to each other with the other end of the first control valve 7a and the other end of the user side first heat exchanger 3a behind Intermediate Heat Exchanger 6; High-temperature part is: second compressor 1b outlet links to each other with the high-pressure side import of the second four-way change-over valve 2b, the second compressor 1b air entry links to each other with the low-pressure side outlet of the second four-way change-over valve 2b, the interface of the second four-way change-over valve 2b links to each other with the end of the user side second heat exchanger 3b, another interface links to each other through the end of Intermediate Heat Exchanger 6 with the ambient side second heat exchanger 5b, and the other end of the ambient side second heat exchanger 5b links to each other with the other end of the user side second heat exchanger 3b through the second throttling arrangement 4b.
The present invention can be in very wide environment temperature operation effectively, when moving in the winter time, overcome because defectives such as unit pressure ratio height, adiabatic efficiency are low, excessive discharge temperature.To enlarge this kind heat pump service time in the winter time and to use the area, reduce heating season primary energy and the consumption of high-grade electric energy as far as possible, reach the purpose of energy-saving and environmental protection.
Description of drawings
Accompanying drawing is the apparatus structure schematic diagram that enlarges heat pump heating capacity under low temperature environment.
The specific embodiment
The present invention includes high-temperature part and low temperature part, they link together by Intermediate Heat Exchanger 6.Wherein the basic connection of low temperature part is: first compressor 1a outlet links to each other with the high-pressure side import of the first four-way change-over valve 2a, the first compressor 1a air entry links to each other with the low-pressure side outlet of the first four-way change-over valve 2a, the interface of the first four-way change-over valve 2a links to each other with the end of the user side first heat exchanger 3a, another interface links to each other with the end of the ambient side first heat exchanger 5a, the other end of the ambient side first heat exchanger 5a links to each other with the end of the first control valve 7a and the second control valve 7b respectively through first throttle device 4a, and the other end of the second control valve 7b links to each other with the other end of the first control valve 7a and the other end of the user side first heat exchanger 3a behind Intermediate Heat Exchanger 6; High-temperature part is: second compressor 1b outlet links to each other with the high-pressure side import of the second four-way change-over valve 2b, the second compressor 1b air entry links to each other with the low-pressure side outlet of the second four-way change-over valve 2b, the interface of the second four-way change-over valve 2b links to each other with the end of the user side second heat exchanger 3b, another interface links to each other through the end of Intermediate Heat Exchanger 6 with the ambient side second heat exchanger 5b, and the other end of the ambient side second heat exchanger 5b links to each other with the other end of the user side second heat exchanger 3b through the second throttling arrangement 4b.
The high-temperature part of air source heat pump system and low temperature part can adopt with a kind of cold-producing medium, also can adopt two kinds of different but cold-producing mediums that can substitute mutually respectively.
The first compressor 1a, the second compressor 1b of air source heat pump system can be piston type, screw, vortex or other form, can be open-type, closed, semi-enclosed; Two compressor capacities can be identical, also can be inequality.When adopting the compressor of capacity inequality, the compressor of larger capacity is used for the low temperature part, and less capacity compressor is used for high-temperature part.
The Intermediate Heat Exchanger 6 of air source heat pump system can be the heat exchanger of shell-tube type, bushing type, board-like or other form;
The throttling arrangement of air source heat pump system can be capillary, heating power expansion valve, electric expansion valve or manual throttle valve;
The control valve of air source heat pump system of the present invention can be magnetic valve, motor-driven valve, also can be check valve.If the employing check valve, the first check valve 7a direction directed towards user side, the first heat exchanger 3a then, the second check valve 7b direction is pointed to first throttle device 4a.
Operation principle of the present invention:
When air source heat pump system is made conventional kind of refrigeration cycle, the high-temperature part second four-way change-over valve 2b realizes flowing to shown in the dotted line, high-pressure working medium flows to the ambient side second heat exchanger 5b (as condenser) behind Intermediate Heat Exchanger 6, flow back to compressor again behind the second throttling arrangement 4b, the user side second heat exchanger 3b (as evaporimeter) and 2b; In the low temperature part, the first compressor 1a exit gas is through flowing to flow through successively the ambient side first heat exchanger 5a (as condenser), first throttle device 4a shown in the first four-way change-over valve 2a dotted line, flow to the user side first heat exchanger 3a (as evaporimeter) through the first check valve 7a again, after the first four-way change-over valve 2a gets back to the first compressor 1a.
Air source heat pump system heats circulation time as routine, the high-temperature part second four-way change-over valve 2b realizes flowing to shown in the solid line, and high-pressure working medium flows back to compressor successively behind the user side second heat exchanger 3b (as condenser), the second throttling arrangement 4b, the ambient side second heat exchanger 5b (as evaporimeter), Intermediate Heat Exchanger 6 and the second four-way change-over valve 2b; The low temperature part, the first compressor 1a exit gas is through flowing to flow through successively the user side first heat exchanger 3a (as condenser), Intermediate Heat Exchanger 6 and the second check valve 7b, first throttle device 4a, the ambient side first heat exchanger 5a (as evaporimeter) shown in the first four-way change-over valve 2a solid line, after the first four-way change-over valve 2a gets back to the first compressor 1a.
Heat when outdoor environment temperature is low in the winter time, because environment temperature is low, the two phase refrigerant among the ambient side second heat exchanger 5b of high-temperature part is carburation by evaporation partly or entirely, makes all the other or whole liquid phase refrigerant enter Intermediate Heat Exchanger 6.On the other hand, the high-pressure refrigerant of low temperature part is in user side first heat exchanger 3a cooling back condensation heat release in Intermediate Heat Exchanger 6, and the liquid refrigerant that the heat of its release is used to heat high-temperature part makes its carburation by evaporation.The circulation of this moment has partly or entirely transferred the overlapping circulation to.Because high-temperature part cold-producing medium evaporating temperature is higher, therefore, the pressure of inspiration(Pi) of the high-temperature part second compressor 1b is also higher, not a large amount of reduction the because of the reduction of environment temperature.Same, because low temperature part condensation of refrigerant temperature is lower, therefore, the pressure at expulsion of the low temperature part first compressor 1a is also lower, because of the reduction of environment temperature compression ratio is improved in a large number.
The heat exchange amount size of Intermediate Heat Exchanger 6 can be subjected to the influence of Several Factors: the out temperature height of the user side cooling medium that is provided (gas or liquid), the height of outdoor environment temperature, heat exchanger area size, version etc.After heat exchanger structure, size were determined, outdoor environment temperature was low more, and the heat that the low temperature part user side first heat exchanger 3a offers cooling medium is few more.Its quantity will be reduced to gradually by maximum heat exchange amount (comprising cold, two-phase and overheated three part heats) and working medium two-phase section and overheated zone heat only are provided, are reduced to the overheated zone heat only is provided again, this user side first heat exchanger 3a heat-shift hardly at last, and the output of condenser heat is carried out in the Intermediate Heat Exchanger 6 with regard to mainly concentrating on, the overlapping effect is more and more stronger, thereby make that the adaptable environment temperature of the low-temp. portion time-sharing environment side first heat exchanger 5a (as evaporimeter) is more and more lower, the high-temperature part heating load but still can remain on higher level.Like this, the environment temperature that the whole unit heat pump is adapted to can be more much lower than conventional system heat pump, reached heat pump under the low temperature environment and can continue the purpose used.
It can also be seen that from above-mentioned the air source heat pump circulation of being invented when the overlapping endless form is changed, does not need system is carried out the adjustment of a large amount of great-jump-forwards from routine, system transition gently automatically itself, so system's operation is very stable.
Compare with common overlapping circulation, the different cold-producing mediums that the present invention uses same cold-producing medium or can substitute mutually because of high low temperature side, therefore determine Intermediate Heat Exchanger two side flow under the situation in evaporating temperature and condensation temperature, conduct heat when mating, determining of medium temperature, the pressure ratio that no longer needs to defer to two-stage compressor equates this principle, and the both sides pressure ratio should be adjusted voluntarily by Intermediate Heat Exchanger heat exchange amount size.
Air source heat pump system is when two compressor capacities are identical, because of low temperature side compressor air suction specific volume more much bigger than high temperature side compressor air suction specific volume, the low temperature side pressure ratio is very little when causing by the Intermediate Heat Exchanger overlapping, and the high temperature side pressure ratio is much higher, and influence heats the further raising of COP.At this moment, can be by selecting the compressor of two cover different capabilities, thus make when under the low temperature chamber external environment, moving the height pressure ratio of arbitrarily downgrading close in the overlapping mode, be more conducive to the raising of overlapping unit performance.In this case during overlapping with big compressor one side as the overlapping low-pressure stage.
When stable state heats, may on evaporimeter, produce frost.In this case, no matter be to move with conventional heat pump mode operation or in the overlapping mode, can adopt multiple Defrost mode.As defrosting, also can adopt the hot-gas bypass defrosting by reversing four-way change-over valve 2 contrary endless form.Opposite side also can still carry out heating operation when every unit even can carry out one-sided defrosting or both sides defrosting according to high-temperature part and low temperature part frosting degree different, one-sided defrosting.But defrost simultaneously and adopt hot-gas bypass method defrosting the most favourable system.
Claims (7)
1. the method for expansion air source heat pump heating capacity under low temperature environment, it is characterized in that air source heat pump system adopts low temperature part and high-temperature part, these two parts are coupled together by Intermediate Heat Exchanger, make refrigerating operaton or outdoor environment temperature is higher in the winter time when doing heating operation in summer, the high and low temperature part is respectively according to the regular circulation independent operating; Along with the reduction of outdoor environment temperature in winter, heat pump transfers overlapping circular flow to automatically by Intermediate Heat Exchanger.
2. air source heat pump that can move under low temperature environment is characterized in that: it comprises low temperature part and high-temperature part, and these two parts are coupled together by Intermediate Heat Exchanger (6).Wherein low-temp. portion is divided into: first compressor (1a) outlet links to each other with the high-pressure side import of first four-way change-over valve (2a), first compressor (1a) air entry links to each other with the low-pressure side outlet of first four-way change-over valve (2a), an interface of first four-way change-over valve (2a) links to each other with an end of user side first heat exchanger (3a), another interface links to each other with an end of ambient side first heat exchanger (5a), the other end of ambient side first heat exchanger (5a) links to each other with an end of first control valve (7a) and second control valve (7b) respectively through first throttle device (4a), and the other end of second control valve (7b) links to each other with the other end of first control valve (7a) and the other end of user side first heat exchanger (3a) behind Intermediate Heat Exchanger (6); High-temperature part is: second compressor (1b) outlet links to each other with the high-pressure side import of second four-way change-over valve (2b), second compressor (1b) air entry links to each other with the low-pressure side outlet of second four-way change-over valve (2b), an interface of second four-way change-over valve (2b) links to each other with an end of user side second heat exchanger (3b), another interface links to each other through the end of Intermediate Heat Exchanger (6) with ambient side second heat exchanger (5b), and the other end of ambient side second heat exchanger (5b) links to each other through the other end of second throttling arrangement (4b) with user side second heat exchanger (3b).
3. a kind of air source heat pump that can move under low temperature environment according to claim 2 is characterized in that: but the working medium that said low temperature part and high-temperature part adopt is with a kind of or two kinds of trans-substitution mutually.
4. a kind of air source heat pump that can under low temperature environment, move according to claim 2, it is characterized in that: said first compressor (1a) and second compressor (1b) are piston type or screw or rolling rotor-type or vortex, two compressor capacities are identical or inequality, when adopting the compressor of capacity inequality, the compressor of larger capacity is used for the low temperature part, and less capacity compressor is used for high-temperature part.
5. a kind of air source heat pump that can move under low temperature environment according to claim 2 is characterized in that: said Intermediate Heat Exchanger (6) is shell-tube type or bushing type or plate-fin or plate type heat exchanger.
6. a kind of air source heat pump that can move under low temperature environment according to claim 2 is characterized in that: said first throttle device (4a), second throttling arrangement (4b) are capillary or heating power expansion valve or electric expansion valve or manual throttle valve or their combination.
7. a kind of air source heat pump that can move under low temperature environment according to claim 2 is characterized in that: said first control valve (7a), second control valve (7b) are magnetic valve or motor-driven valve or check valve.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 03115636 CN1208588C (en) | 2003-02-28 | 2003-02-28 | Method and mechanism for expanding heat producing capacity of heat pump under low temperature environment |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN 03115636 CN1208588C (en) | 2003-02-28 | 2003-02-28 | Method and mechanism for expanding heat producing capacity of heat pump under low temperature environment |
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| CN1436980A CN1436980A (en) | 2003-08-20 |
| CN1208588C true CN1208588C (en) | 2005-06-29 |
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| CN 03115636 Expired - Fee Related CN1208588C (en) | 2003-02-28 | 2003-02-28 | Method and mechanism for expanding heat producing capacity of heat pump under low temperature environment |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| KR100565257B1 (en) * | 2004-10-05 | 2006-03-30 | 엘지전자 주식회사 | Secondary refrigerant cycle using compressor and air conditioner having the same |
| EP2009380B8 (en) | 2006-04-14 | 2014-04-30 | Mitsubishi Denki Kabushiki Kaisha | Heat exchanger and refrigeration air conditioner |
| CN101915480B (en) * | 2006-04-14 | 2014-10-29 | 三菱电机株式会社 | Heat exchanger and refrigeration air conditioning device |
| CN101586892B (en) * | 2008-05-22 | 2013-03-06 | 吕瑞强 | Synchronous refrigerating-heating machine set with cold-hot source complement |
| CN101592417B (en) * | 2008-05-28 | 2012-07-04 | 吕瑞强 | Cooling and heating system with cooling-heating source complementor |
| CN101619904B (en) * | 2009-08-02 | 2013-04-10 | 山东美琳达再生能源开发有限公司 | Two-stage heating high temperature heat pump device |
| CN101975450B (en) * | 2010-11-03 | 2012-10-24 | 上海理工大学 | Air source heat pump water heater |
| EP2492615A1 (en) * | 2011-02-22 | 2012-08-29 | Thermocold Costruzioni SrL | Refrigerating machine optimized for carrying out cascade refrigerating cycles |
| CN102297512A (en) * | 2011-08-12 | 2011-12-28 | 侯全舵 | Cascade type heat pump system |
| CN102364266A (en) * | 2011-10-31 | 2012-02-29 | 浙江大学 | Two-temperature level vapor compression cold converter |
| CN103940156B (en) * | 2014-05-04 | 2017-01-18 | 江苏苏净集团有限公司 | Cascade heat pump drying system and control method thereof |
| CN105466079A (en) * | 2015-12-25 | 2016-04-06 | 宁夏塞上阳光太阳能有限公司 | Serial-connection type two-stage heat collection heat pump |
| CN105674375A (en) * | 2016-03-31 | 2016-06-15 | 广东衡峰热泵设备科技有限公司 | Air-source multi-stage-evaporation and dual-stage-enthalpy-increase directly-heated type heating plant |
| CN108759143A (en) * | 2018-07-02 | 2018-11-06 | 江苏奥斯康新能源有限公司 | A kind of special cascade superhigh temperature hot water air source heat pump system |
| CN109489290A (en) * | 2018-11-13 | 2019-03-19 | 科希曼电器有限公司 | A kind of twin-stage self-cascade heat pump system and its application method |
| CN111141048A (en) * | 2019-12-17 | 2020-05-12 | 江苏辛普森新能源有限公司 | Cascade type cooling and heating energy-saving system |
| CN111486610B (en) * | 2020-04-22 | 2021-10-08 | 青岛海信日立空调系统有限公司 | Air source heat pump |
| CN115013889B (en) * | 2022-06-21 | 2024-01-26 | 同济大学 | Environment-independent rotating wheel dehumidification regeneration system |
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2003
- 2003-02-28 CN CN 03115636 patent/CN1208588C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
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