CN1317537C - Critical-cross carbon dioxide refrigerating system restriction sleeve - Google Patents
Critical-cross carbon dioxide refrigerating system restriction sleeve Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN1317537C CN1317537C CNB2005100295009A CN200510029500A CN1317537C CN 1317537 C CN1317537 C CN 1317537C CN B2005100295009 A CNB2005100295009 A CN B2005100295009A CN 200510029500 A CN200510029500 A CN 200510029500A CN 1317537 C CN1317537 C CN 1317537C
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- China
- Prior art keywords
- restriction sleeve
- high pressure
- piston
- cylinder
- carbon dioxide
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- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Fee Related
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Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B41/00—Fluid-circulation arrangements
- F25B41/30—Expansion means; Dispositions thereof
- F25B41/385—Dispositions with two or more expansion means arranged in parallel on a refrigerant line leading to the same evaporator
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B2309/00—Gas cycle refrigeration machines
- F25B2309/06—Compression machines, plants or systems characterised by the refrigerant being carbon dioxide
- F25B2309/061—Compression machines, plants or systems characterised by the refrigerant being carbon dioxide with cycle highest pressure above the supercritical pressure
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B2400/00—General features or devices for refrigeration machines, plants or systems, combined heating and refrigeration systems or heat-pump systems, i.e. not limited to a particular subgroup of F25B
- F25B2400/04—Refrigeration circuit bypassing means
- F25B2400/0411—Refrigeration circuit bypassing means for the expansion valve or capillary tube
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Compressor (AREA)
- Safety Valves (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention relates to a throttling short pipe of a trans-critical carbon dioxide refrigerating system, which belongs to the technical field of refrigeration. The present invention comprises a valve body, a high pressure gas inlet, an inlet filter screen, a high pressure chamber, a cylinder, an upper stopping point of a piston, a piston, a sealing ring, a regulating bolt, a spring, a main throttling short pipe, an auxiliary throttling short pipe, a low pressure chamber, an outlet filter screen and a low pressure liquid outlet, wherein one end of the high pressure chamber is connected with the high pressure gas inlet; the inlet filter screen is arranged behind the high pressure gas inlet; the cylinder is connected with the other end of the high pressure chamber; the piston, the spring, the regulating bolt and the sealing ring are orderly arranged in the cylinder; the upper stopping point of a piston is arranged at the top of the cylinder; the main throttling short pipe and the auxiliary throttling short pipe which are mutually parallel are vertically arranged in the valve body; an inlet of the main throttling short pipe is directly communicated with the high pressure chamber. The present invention adopts the mechanical throttling short pipe with an inner by-pass function as a throttling element, and the flow rate can realize automatic regulation according to the change of the inlet high pressure of the throttling short pipe.
Description
Technical field
What the present invention relates to is a kind of member of refrigeration technology field, specifically, is a kind of critical-cross carbon dioxide refrigerating system restriction sleeve.
Background technology
At present, to carbon dioxide as an alternative the research range of cold-producing medium almost related to all spectra of refrigeration air-conditioner.Since air conditioning for automobiles itself have jolt violent, the characteristics that operating condition is abominable, cold-producing medium leaks serious, thereby to become with the carbon dioxide be the application first-selection of alternative refrigerant.As described in Lorentzen and Pettersen, typical critical-cross carbon dioxide automotive air-conditioning system mainly is made up of compressor, air cooler, restricting element, evaporimeter, low pressure receiver, Intermediate Heat Exchanger.Simultaneously, in the critical-cross carbon dioxide kind of refrigeration cycle, there is an optimum pressure, at this moment the coefficient of performance (COP) maximum of system.When high side pressure was lower than optimization pressure, refrigerating capacity descended rapidly, and wasted work remains unchanged substantially, even can increase to some extent, thereby caused the obvious decline of systematic function.In automotive air-conditioning system, ambient air temperature, evaporating temperature and compressor rotary speed all have big variation, add under worst hot case the requirement to refrigerating capacity maximization and energy consumption minimum, and all these has caused requirement that system pressure is controlled.With regard to the present carbon dioxide automobile air conditioner prototype system of setting up, adopt the variable compressor of external control type and the compound mode of electric expansion valve, can satisfy system in idling with the temperature reduction performance when travelling.But,, thereby make that the cost of whole carbon dioxide automobile air conditioner system is much higher as the cost of the automotive air-conditioning system of cold-producing medium with R134a than what now generally use because the manufacturing cost of variable compressor and electric expansion valve is all quite high.Industrial quarters is being sought a kind of compromise way, makes the performance of carbon dioxide automobile air conditioner system can satisfy the requirement in the use, and that cost is unlikely to raise than the R134a system is too many.A kind of feasible way is exactly to adopt the restricting element that is similar to restriction sleeve in carbon dioxide automobile air conditioner system.
Find through literature search prior art, the Chinese patent publication number is CN 1580672A, open day is on February 16th, 2005, patent name is: critical-cross carbon dioxide refrigeration system fully mechanical throttling controlling organization, this patent readme is: " mainly comprise choke valve, gas-liquid separator, blender, heating power expansion valve, high pressure control valve, wherein high pressure control valve comprises: high voltage control valve regulation stream, high pressure control valve primary flow path, air inlet control piston, air inlet control spring, adjusting bolt, adjusting rod control piston, adjusting rod control spring, adjusting rod.The aperture of heating power expansion valve is controlled by the refrigerant superheat degree of evaporator outlet, by the adjusting of aperture, reaches the effect of regulating evaporating pressure and control refrigerant superheat degree; The control of high side pressure is to control the gas quantity of refrigerant that enters the expansion valve import by high pressure control valve to realize." its weak point is: because in fact this throttle mechanism partly be made up of three valve members, so complex structure; Particularly the structure of high pressure control valve is huge, and manufacturing cost is higher relatively, and reliability is not high, and only is applicable to the carbon dioxide refrigerating system that adopts the fixed displacement compressor.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art, a kind of critical-cross carbon dioxide refrigerating system restriction sleeve is provided, make it adopt a kind of mechanical restriction sleeve that has the internal bypass function as restricting element, its flow can be realized according to the variation of restriction sleeve import high pressure regulating automatically.
The present invention is achieved by the following technical solutions, the present invention includes: valve body, the gases at high pressure import, the import screen pack, high pressure chest, cylinder, piston top dead center, piston, sealing ring, regulate bolt, spring, main restriction sleeve, auxiliary restriction sleeve, low-pressure cavity, the egress filtering net, the low pressure liquid outlet, one end of high pressure chest links to each other with the gases at high pressure import, be provided with the import screen pack in the back of gases at high pressure import, cylinder is connected with the other end of high pressure chest, in cylinder, be provided with piston successively, spring, regulate bolt and sealing ring, piston top dead center is located at the top of cylinder, two main restriction sleeves that are parallel to each other are located in the valve body with auxiliary restriction sleeve and cylinder are vertical mutually, the inlet of main restriction sleeve directly is connected with high pressure chest, the inlet of auxiliary restriction sleeve is located on the casing wall of cylinder, the inlet of main restriction sleeve and auxiliary restriction sleeve is located at the left and right sides of piston top dead center respectively, main restriction sleeve all is connected with an end of low-pressure cavity with the outlet of auxiliary restriction sleeve, the low pressure liquid outlet is connected with the other end of low-pressure cavity, before the low pressure liquid outlet, be provided with the egress filtering net, one side of piston cooperates with piston top dead center, the opposite side of piston is fixed on an end of spring all the time, the other end of spring is limited to be regulated on the bolt, regulate to adopt between the bottom wall of bolt and cylinder being threaded, slotting on the adjusting bolt is provided with sealing ring.
Described piston top dead center is a loop configuration.
Described main restriction sleeve and auxiliary restriction sleeve all are circular pipes.
Described piston, its thickness is greater than the circulation diameter of auxiliary restriction sleeve.
Because initial initial tension of spring P
1Effect, the initial position of piston is that right side (side that does not promptly link to each other with spring) contacts with the left-hand face of piston top dead center.At this moment, the inlet of auxiliary restriction sleeve is not connected with high pressure chest by piston closes.That is to say that before piston is not moved as yet, the high temperature and high pressure gas in the high pressure chest can only carry out the step-down throttling by main restriction sleeve.The initial pretightning force P of spring
1Size can adjust by regulating bolt: the adjusting bolt that turns clockwise, the compress variation of spring increases, then the initial pretightning force of spring becomes big; Otherwise, being rotated counterclockwise the adjusting bolt, the compress variation of spring reduces, and then the initial pretightning force of spring diminishes.Simultaneously, in the phenomenon along the stuck auxiliary restriction sleeve inlet of appearance in the moving process of cylinder wall surface, the thickness of piston should guarantee bigger than the circulation diameter of auxiliary restriction sleeve for fear of piston.
In using the critical-cross carbon dioxide automotive air-conditioning system of the present invention as restricting element, the compressor in the supposing the system is the fixed displacement compressor.When system just began to start, because pressure reduction is set up as yet fully, pressure at expulsion and the temperature in the compressor raise gradually at this moment, and pressure of inspiration(Pi) and temperature reduce gradually.The high temperature of being discharged by compressor, gases at high pressure enter gases at high pressure import of the present invention after high pressure heat exchanger carries out heat release, the import screen pack of flowing through carries out gaseous impurity and filters the back and flow into high pressure chest.This moment, high-pressure refrigerant was to pass through main restriction sleeve separately, still carried out the step-down throttling action by main restriction sleeve and auxiliary restriction sleeve simultaneously, will depend on the size of the initial pretightning force of spring.In general, the initial pretightning force of spring should be adjusted under most of operating condition of system, and the refrigerant flow of main restriction sleeve can meet the demands, and needn't make cold-producing medium flow through auxiliary restriction sleeve.Promptly the cross-sectional flow area of main restriction sleeve should be suitable with the general circulation area of system when using electric expansion valve as restricting element, promptly under most of operating condition, the cold-producing medium negotiability of main restriction sleeve can both satisfy system and operate under the optimum pressure operating mode.
Because at the beginning of system started, the pressure P in the high pressure chest was less than the initial pretightning force P of spring
1, piston is not moved, and high temperature and high pressure gas can only carry out the step-down throttling action by main restriction sleeve, becomes biphase gas and liquid flow, flows out the low pressure liquid outlet after the atomizing of egress filtering net, enters the entrance point of evaporimeter; Progressively rising along with the pressure at expulsion and the temperature of compressor outlet; for avoiding system phenomenon to occur frequently stopping/starting shooting; the pressure at expulsion protection switch and the delivery temperature protection switch of compressor should not move in start-up course, and the circulation area that should increase restriction sleeve this moment strengthens to reduce the pressure at expulsion and the temperature of compressor refrigerant flow.At this moment, because the high-pressure gas pressure P in the high pressure chest is elevated to the pretightning force P that is enough to overcome spring
1Then piston is moved to the left, open the part access road of auxiliary restriction sleeve, then the cold-producing medium in the high pressure chest can flow through main restriction sleeve and auxiliary restriction sleeve carries out the throttling hypotensive effect simultaneously, and the refrigerant flow of this moment will be independent bigger by main restriction sleeve than cold-producing medium.If the high pressure in the system no longer raises, but maintain constant level, then piston no longer continues to left movement, and the inlet of auxiliary restriction sleeve is opened cross-sectional flow area and will be remained unchanged; If the high pressure of system continues to rise, then piston will continue to left movement, and in this course, the inlet cross-sectional flow area of auxiliary restriction sleeve will increase to maximum gradually from zero, to play the increase refrigerant flow, reduce the effect of system high pressure.When the entrance cross-section of auxiliary restriction sleeve is long-pending open fully after, further being moved to the left of piston can not make the refrigerant flow that flows through main restriction sleeve and auxiliary restriction sleeve increase again.Continuation operation along with system, high pressure in the system will slowly drop to a constant level from peak-peak, then the stressed of piston will be lower than starting initial peak value, piston will turn down the inlet circulation area of auxiliary restriction sleeve under the effect of spring force, thereby will make the suction and discharge pressure of system maintain certain level.When system-down, the pressure at expulsion of compressor reduces gradually, and position of piston will return to initial position gradually, makes the inlet of auxiliary restriction sleeve still keep closed condition.
The present invention can be used in the carbon dioxide automobile air conditioner system that uses fixed displacement compressor or variable compressor, make the overall cost of system reduce, and the performance of system can satisfy basically.That restriction sleeve among the present invention has is simple in structure, compact dimensions, characteristics with low cost.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is a structural representation of the present invention
The specific embodiment
As shown in Figure 1, the present invention includes: valve body 1, gases at high pressure import 2, import screen pack 3, high pressure chest 4, cylinder 5, piston top dead center 6, piston 7, sealing ring 8, regulate bolt 9, spring 10, main restriction sleeve 11, auxiliary restriction sleeve 12, low-pressure cavity 13, egress filtering net 14, low pressure liquid outlet 15, one end of high pressure chest 4 links to each other with gases at high pressure import 2, be provided with import screen pack 3 in the back of gases at high pressure import 2, cylinder 5 is connected with the other end of high pressure chest 4, in cylinder 5, be provided with piston 7 successively, spring 10, regulate bolt 9 and sealing ring 8, piston top dead center 6 is located at the top of cylinder 5, two main restriction sleeves 11 that are parallel to each other are located in the valve body 1 with auxiliary restriction sleeve 12 and cylinder 5 are vertical mutually, the inlet of main restriction sleeve 11 directly is connected with high pressure chest 4, the inlet of auxiliary restriction sleeve 12 is located on the casing wall of cylinder 5, the inlet of main restriction sleeve 11 and auxiliary restriction sleeve 12 is located at the left and right sides of piston top dead center 6 respectively, main restriction sleeve 11 all is connected with an end of low-pressure cavity 13 with the outlet of auxiliary restriction sleeve 12, low pressure liquid outlet 15 is connected with the other end of low-pressure cavity 13, before low pressure liquid outlet 15, be provided with egress filtering net 14, one side of piston 7 cooperates with piston top dead center 6, the opposite side of piston 7 is fixed on an end of spring 10 all the time, the other end of spring 10 is limited to be regulated on the bolt 9, regulate to adopt between the bottom wall of bolt 9 and cylinder 5 being threaded, slotting on adjusting bolt 9 is provided with sealing ring 8.
Described piston top dead center 6 is a loop configuration.
Described main restriction sleeve 11 and auxiliary restriction sleeve 12 all are circular pipes.
Described piston 7, its thickness is greater than the circulation diameter of auxiliary restriction sleeve 12.
Claims (5)
1. critical-cross carbon dioxide refrigerating system restriction sleeve, comprise: valve body (1), gases at high pressure import (2), piston (7), regulate bolt (9), spring (10), low pressure liquid outlet (15), it is characterized in that, also comprise: import screen pack (3), high pressure chest (4), cylinder (5), piston top dead center (6), sealing ring (8), main restriction sleeve (11), auxiliary restriction sleeve (12), low-pressure cavity (13), egress filtering net (14), one end of high pressure chest (4) links to each other with gases at high pressure import (2), be provided with import screen pack (3) in the back of gases at high pressure import (2), cylinder (5) is connected with the other end of high pressure chest (4), in cylinder (5), be provided with piston (7) successively, spring (10), regulate bolt (9) and sealing ring (8), piston top dead center (6) is located at the top of cylinder (5), two main restriction sleeves (11) that are parallel to each other are located in the valve body (1) with auxiliary restriction sleeve (12) and cylinder (5) are vertical mutually, the inlet of main restriction sleeve (11) directly is connected with high pressure chest (4), the inlet of auxiliary restriction sleeve (12) is located on the casing wall of cylinder (5), the inlet of main restriction sleeve (11) and auxiliary restriction sleeve (12) is located at the left and right sides of piston top dead center (6) respectively, main restriction sleeve (11) all is connected with an end of low-pressure cavity (13) with the outlet of auxiliary restriction sleeve (12), low pressure liquid outlet (15) is connected with the other end of low-pressure cavity (13), be provided with egress filtering net (14) before in low pressure liquid outlet (15), one side of piston (7) cooperates with piston top dead center (6), the opposite side of piston (7) is fixed on an end of spring (10) all the time, the other end of spring (10) is limited to be regulated on the bolt (9), regulate to adopt between the bottom wall of bolt (9) and cylinder (5) being threaded, be provided with sealing ring (8) regulating to slot on the bolt (9).
2. critical-cross carbon dioxide refrigerating system restriction sleeve according to claim 1 is characterized in that, described piston top dead center (6) is a loop configuration.
3. critical-cross carbon dioxide refrigerating system restriction sleeve according to claim 1 is characterized in that, described main restriction sleeve (11) is a circular pipe.
4. critical-cross carbon dioxide refrigerating system restriction sleeve according to claim 1 is characterized in that, described auxiliary restriction sleeve (12) is a circular pipe.
5. critical-cross carbon dioxide refrigerating system restriction sleeve according to claim 1 is characterized in that, described piston (7), and its thickness is greater than the circulation diameter of auxiliary restriction sleeve (12).
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNB2005100295009A CN1317537C (en) | 2005-09-08 | 2005-09-08 | Critical-cross carbon dioxide refrigerating system restriction sleeve |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNB2005100295009A CN1317537C (en) | 2005-09-08 | 2005-09-08 | Critical-cross carbon dioxide refrigerating system restriction sleeve |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN1737472A CN1737472A (en) | 2006-02-22 |
| CN1317537C true CN1317537C (en) | 2007-05-23 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CNB2005100295009A Expired - Fee Related CN1317537C (en) | 2005-09-08 | 2005-09-08 | Critical-cross carbon dioxide refrigerating system restriction sleeve |
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Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US8188492B2 (en) | 2006-08-29 | 2012-05-29 | Seoul Semiconductor Co., Ltd. | Light emitting device having plural light emitting diodes and at least one phosphor for emitting different wavelengths of light |
| US8431954B2 (en) | 2007-08-28 | 2013-04-30 | Seoul Semiconductor Co., Ltd. | Light emitting device employing non-stoichiometric tetragonal alkaline earth silicate phosphors |
| US8501040B2 (en) | 2007-08-22 | 2013-08-06 | Seoul Semiconductor Co., Ltd. | Non-stoichiometric tetragonal copper alkaline earth silicate phosphors and method of preparing the same |
| US8847254B2 (en) | 2005-12-15 | 2014-09-30 | Seoul Semiconductor Co., Ltd. | Light emitting device |
| US8883040B2 (en) | 2004-06-10 | 2014-11-11 | Seoul Semiconductor Co., Ltd. | Luminescent material |
| US8900482B2 (en) | 2004-06-10 | 2014-12-02 | Seoul Semiconductor Co., Ltd. | Light emitting device |
| US9312246B2 (en) | 2006-03-31 | 2016-04-12 | Seoul Semiconductor Co., Ltd. | Light emitting device and lighting system having the same |
Families Citing this family (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN100381738C (en) * | 2006-05-25 | 2008-04-16 | 上海交通大学 | Carbon dioxide anti-freezing anti-blocking safety valve |
| CN101275795B (en) * | 2008-03-03 | 2010-12-22 | 海信科龙电器股份有限公司 | Composite throttle pipe |
| CN101846201A (en) * | 2010-05-21 | 2010-09-29 | 重庆长安汽车股份有限公司 | Expansion valve of carbon dioxide automobile air conditioning system |
Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH02263071A (en) * | 1988-12-09 | 1990-10-25 | Bernard Zimmern | Using method for expansion valve device and assembly of vaporizer and flow rate control means |
| EP0607953A1 (en) * | 1993-01-21 | 1994-07-27 | Ernst Flitsch GmbH & Co. | Refrigerant expansion valve |
| CN1580672A (en) * | 2004-05-20 | 2005-02-16 | 上海交通大学 | Fully mechanical throttle control mechanism for supercritical carbon dioxide refrigerating system |
-
2005
- 2005-09-08 CN CNB2005100295009A patent/CN1317537C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH02263071A (en) * | 1988-12-09 | 1990-10-25 | Bernard Zimmern | Using method for expansion valve device and assembly of vaporizer and flow rate control means |
| EP0607953A1 (en) * | 1993-01-21 | 1994-07-27 | Ernst Flitsch GmbH & Co. | Refrigerant expansion valve |
| CN1580672A (en) * | 2004-05-20 | 2005-02-16 | 上海交通大学 | Fully mechanical throttle control mechanism for supercritical carbon dioxide refrigerating system |
Cited By (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US8883040B2 (en) | 2004-06-10 | 2014-11-11 | Seoul Semiconductor Co., Ltd. | Luminescent material |
| US8900482B2 (en) | 2004-06-10 | 2014-12-02 | Seoul Semiconductor Co., Ltd. | Light emitting device |
| US8847254B2 (en) | 2005-12-15 | 2014-09-30 | Seoul Semiconductor Co., Ltd. | Light emitting device |
| US9312246B2 (en) | 2006-03-31 | 2016-04-12 | Seoul Semiconductor Co., Ltd. | Light emitting device and lighting system having the same |
| US12009348B2 (en) | 2006-03-31 | 2024-06-11 | Seoul Semiconductor Co., Ltd. | Light emitting device and lighting system having the same |
| US8188492B2 (en) | 2006-08-29 | 2012-05-29 | Seoul Semiconductor Co., Ltd. | Light emitting device having plural light emitting diodes and at least one phosphor for emitting different wavelengths of light |
| US8674380B2 (en) | 2006-08-29 | 2014-03-18 | Seoul Semiconductor Co., Ltd. | Light emitting device having plural light emitting diodes and plural phosphors for emitting different wavelengths of light |
| US8501040B2 (en) | 2007-08-22 | 2013-08-06 | Seoul Semiconductor Co., Ltd. | Non-stoichiometric tetragonal copper alkaline earth silicate phosphors and method of preparing the same |
| US8431954B2 (en) | 2007-08-28 | 2013-04-30 | Seoul Semiconductor Co., Ltd. | Light emitting device employing non-stoichiometric tetragonal alkaline earth silicate phosphors |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN1737472A (en) | 2006-02-22 |
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