CN1205931A

CN1205931A - Pneumatic tool with reverse valve having overdrive

Info

Publication number: CN1205931A
Application number: CN98114837A
Authority: CN
Inventors: D·A·加迪诺
Original assignee: Chicago Pneumatic Tool Co LLC
Current assignee: Chicago Pneumatic Tool Co LLC
Priority date: 1997-05-07
Filing date: 1998-05-07
Publication date: 1999-01-27
Anticipated expiration: 2018-05-07
Also published as: EP0876883A3; CA2236356A1; KR19980086813A; CA2236356C; DE69834597D1; TW401332B; JPH10329050A; EP0876883B1; DE69834597T2; BR9801583A; CN1071173C; EP0876883A2; ZA983897B; KR100553582B1

Abstract

The invention is a pneumatic tool with a reverse valve having an overdrive. In particular, the pneumatic tool includes a housing, a rotor, rotatably mounted within the housing, an output shaft operatively coupled to the rotor, and pressure chambers defined between the housing and the rotor. A pneumatic reverse valve having an overdrive is operatively coupled to the rotor. The overdrive provides increased torque and increased speed to the output shaft. The reverse valve controls flow of pressurized air to a multi-chambered motor of the tool such that the direction of the motor can be reversed and the number of pressure chambers receiving pressurized air can be selected regardless of direction.

Description

The pneumatic tool that the back valve of one band multiplying gear is arranged

The present invention is broadly directed to pneumatic tool.More particularly, relate to the pneumatic tool of back valve, so that variable moment and speed is provided with band multiplying gear.

Up to now, on the pneumatic tool as impact wrench and pulsed instrument, various back valves have been used.For example, authorize people such as Giardino and transfer the U.S. Pat 5083619 of Chicago Pneumatic Tool Co., disclose the plunger type back valve that a kind of rotor that is used for to impact wrench reverses.The U.S. Pat 3714994 of authorizing people such as Zoerner and transferring Gardner-Denver company also discloses the rotation back valve.In addition, as in the U.S. Pat 3586466 of authorizing Erickson, this correlation technique also comprises a kind of speedup transmission return gear that is used for hydraulic motor.All these patents are all as reference of the present invention.

One of air tool shortcoming is to obtain along the variable torque of positive and negative both direction and the scarce capacity of variable velocity in same instrument.This ability is in assembling, dismounting and to repair in the occasion of large scale structure as bridge one class and so on be very important.In medium-term and long-term exist and the problem that rationally do not solved as yet of these use occasions, provide the moment and the speed of increase exactly for the bonding jumper nut that dust and paint the arranged dismounting corrosion, long-pending.Usually, the workman will have two cover impact wrench: an a kind of small and light impact wrench and a massive impact wrench.Small and light impact wrench is used for most of bonding jumper nut, makes workman's indefatigability and makes processing ease.The large impact spanner is used for dismantling the bonding jumper nut that difficulty is torn open.This large impact spanner is not only stupid but also heavy for carrying, and only just needs it when being difficult to dismantle the bonding jumper nut.Therefore, just tear the bonding jumper nut open and just carry and be equipped with two cover impact wrench, not only lose time but also inefficent in order to dismantle the difficulty that falls in.

In the past, the hydraulic motor with variable moment and speed disclosed still, and the hydraulic means that is used on the handheld tool has some shortcomings.For example, hydraulic means can be because of the friction heating.Another deficiency is that hydraulic medium must leave in the sealing system.As the hydraulic system poor sealing, then hydraulic medium can run off from hydraulic system, makes the handheld tool leakage.

In the disclosed hydraulic system, its another deficiency is the increase along with moment, the speed step-down in as U.S. Pat 3586466.Its reason is, with incompressible hydraulic medium extruding, rotor is rotated with first speed and moment in the chamber between rotor and housing.But, when pushing two chambeies,, and can not expand into and be full of the zone because hydraulic medium is incompressible, rotor is just with the torque that increases and the speed rotation of reduction.When air entered than big zone, it just promptly expanded and is full of this zone on the contrary.Therefore compress two chambeies with air moment is strengthened, rotating speed improves.Useful simulated test is balloon explosion during with the balloon of the broken filled air of an acupuncture.Its reason is, the air in this balloon is compressed, and moves rapidly and on every side atmospheric pressure balance.On the contrary, when with the broken water-filled balloon of acupuncture, balloon can explosion, and just gently leaks.Its reason is that the water in the balloon is incompressible.

Therefore, though correlation technique provides the pneumatic tool that back valve is arranged, and the hydraulic motor that variable velocity and torque are arranged, do not provide a kind of have variable velocity and torque, i.e. the pneumatic tool of the band back valve of speedup transmission.This speedup transmission is necessary for solving medium-term and long-term those problems that stay, that reasonably do not solved up to now of power tool industry.

Overcoming above-mentioned defective is a kind of advantage of the present invention.For this reason, the invention provides a kind of pneumatic tool, it comprises a housing; One is installed on rotor in the housing with rotary way; But output shaft that is connected in rotor with maneuverability pattern; The pressure chamber of between housing and rotor, determining; But one is connected in the pneumatic back valve of rotor with mode of operation, and the oriented output shaft of back valve provides the multiplying gear of the speed of the moment of increase and raising.In addition, the invention provides and be used for air tool a kind of back valve, this instrument has a housing; One is installed on rotor in the housing with rotary way; And determine that pressure chamber between rotor and housing, this pneumatic back valve have a multiplying gear that is used to increase moment and improves speed.

One of air tool advantage of the present invention is the ability that obtains to increase torque and improve speed in this instrument.This ability relates to the problems referred to above that produce in assembling, dismounting or the maintenance of the macrostructure as bridge.

Another advantage of the present invention is that it does not have the problem that produced in the above-mentioned hydraulic mechanism.Pneumatic tool rises unlike the hydraulic motor temperature, and expansion and cooling when flowing through instrument along with air, and itself also cools off instrument.And pneumatic tool and not requiring just like the such sealing system of hydraulic mechanism that sealing problem is just arranged itself.Air enters pneumatic tool through inlet, enters in the atmosphere through outlet then.Pneumatic tool does not leak.Therefore, pneumatic tool does not need the hermetically-sealed construction of the sort of complexity of hydraulic motor.

This air tool another advantage is the increase along with moment, and speed also is enhanced.

Another advantage of the present invention is that back valve allows along positive and negative both direction control motor direction and multiplying gear.

Characteristics of the present invention are to provide back valve with various forms.For example, back valve can be a kind of plunger valve, perhaps more preferably is a rotation back valve.But also can use a kind of plunger/rotation combination back valve.

Rotation back valve of the present invention can comprise one rotating, include the flat part of three through holes at least.The through hole of rotatable flat part makes the air stream various route scheme of can flowing through, and these route scheme allow and selectively make compressed air be sent to one or more outlets.For example, these through holes can be arranged in T shape or Y shape, maybe can be arranged between above-mentioned two holes with an extra hole and (promptly be arranged in φ or V font peace gesture shape).

The another feature of rotation back valve of the present invention is, when this valve adopted a rotatable flat part form, this valve comprised a rotating location handgrip, and handgrip stretches out from motor shell and locatees for the operator.

Pneumatic tool of the present invention is included in some pressure chambers that the speedup drive characteristics is provided of determining between housing and the rotor.In these chambeies each has one first forward drive mouth, is used to accept the compressed air along the forward drive motor, and one second reverse drive mouth, is used to accept the compressed air along the reverse drive motor.As will introducing, another advantage of the present invention is to make a pneumatic tool that the pressure chamber of the surrounding rotor of any number is arranged.

From following the preferred embodiments of the present invention are more specifically introduced after, the present invention above-mentioned and its its feature, advantage can become clearer.

Below with reference to accompanying drawing the preferred embodiments of the present invention are introduced, similar in the accompanying drawings Reference numeral is represented similar member, wherein:

Fig. 1 be one embodiment of the invention comprise that rotation is reversed and the stereogram of the pneumatic handheld tool of speedup transmission selector valve;

Fig. 2 is the rearview that comprises the valve chest inside of first embodiment of the invention valve;

Fig. 3 is the valve chest cutaway view that dissects along 3-3 line among Fig. 2;

Fig. 4 is the valve chest cutaway view that dissects along 4-4 line among Fig. 2;

Fig. 5 is the stereogram of first embodiment of the invention valve;

Fig. 6 is the stereogram of second embodiment of the invention valve;

Fig. 7 is the stereogram of third embodiment of the invention valve;

Fig. 8 is the stereogram of fourth embodiment of the invention valve;

Fig. 9 is the motor cavity rearview of one embodiment of the invention;

Figure 10 is the motor cavity rearview of further embodiment of this invention;

Figure 11 is a motor inner casing front view of the present invention;

Figure 12 is a motor inner casing side view of the present invention; And

Figure 13 is a motor inner casing rearview of the present invention.

The present invention is used for the pneumatic tool as impact wrench, top nut machine or pulsed instrument.Yet be noted that of the present invention reverse and speedup transmission selector valve also can be used to have various other pneumatic tools of various back valve structures: for example be used to have the axis that is parallel to output shaft plunger valve (seeing US5083619), have perpendicular to the plunger valve (not shown) of the axis of output shaft and be used for plunger/rotation back valve and make up (not shown).In addition, the present invention is with introducing mode, being disclosed in conjunction with the use of rotating back valve.But be noted that the present invention also can be used on air tool any back valve.

Fig. 1 is the stereogram of a pneumatic handheld tool, and it comprises that a rotation of first embodiment of the invention reverses and speedup transmission selector valve 20.Valve 20 is placed in the valve chest 12, and valve chest 12 then is fixed on the rear end of pneumatic tool 10 of an output shaft 60.

In order to select a drive scheme with valve shown in Figure 1 20, the operator forwards the handgrip 22 of valve to a selected position.Shown in specific embodiment in, the operator can be at forward, oppositely, forward speedup transmission and oppositely selecting between the speedup transmission position.Drive scheme is indicated the sign on the arrow indicator valve housing 12 by the arrow that is located on the valve handgrip 22 to the operator.For this specific embodiment valve, " F " and " R " indicates forward and reverse position, FX respectively ₂And RX ₂Indicate forward and reverse speedup transmission position respectively.

Reverse and the action of speedup transmission selector valve for clearer understanding, will the inner working situation of air motor be introduced.In Fig. 2, show the internal rear of valve casing 12, comprised reversing and speedup transmission selector valve 20 of a first embodiment of the invention.Fig. 3 and 4 is respectively along 3-3 among Fig. 2 and 4-4 line side cross sectional view, and they illustrate the air tool cutaway view that has comprised valve chest 12.

Referring to Fig. 3 and 4, pneumatic tool 10 has a motor shell 9 and a valve chest 12.Motor shell 9 has a rotor chamber 51 that is used for supporting in rotatable mode a rotor 50.But rotor 50 is connected on the output shaft 60 of instrument with maneuverability pattern again.Be connected with an inner casing 30 at the rear portion of motor shell 9, be used to limit each hole that enters motor shell 9.Valve chest 12 is fixed in the rear portion of motor shell 9 with sealing means with the bolt (not shown), and being used for as shown in Figure 4 through the hole 14 provides forced air.

As by comparison diagram 9 and 10 exemplary expressions, for the quantity that drives the pressure chamber 19 that rotor 50 dispose can change according to different big or small rotors, higher or lower speed, higher or lower factors such as torque.Yet for simplicity, the present invention mainly introduces a kind of two cavity shells below.In order to constitute chamber 19, as shown in Figure 9, the inner rim of motor shell 9 be provided with alternately between circumferentially across cavity 15 and periphery part 16.In the time of in rotor 50 is placed on motor shell 9,

pressure chamber

19A, 19B just are defined between rotor 50 and the cavity 15.In addition, rotor 50 is installed on the cylindrical surface part 16, so that rotate.

The compressed air-driven that rotor 50 is entered by one or more inlets 35-38 through making on motor shell 9.Compressed air through inlet 35-38 enters by making vane group 54 motions in the radial slot 52 that is installed in rotor 50, rotates rotor 50.Though should be understood that only to show 8 blades 54 in the drawings, also can adopt more or less blade.The compressed air and the centrifugal force of the penetralia part by being conveyed into groove 52, blade is by radially to external pressure.Keep in touch with the inner rim of motor shell 9 all the time the outer end of blade 54, and no matter blade 54 places cylindrical surface partly in 16 or at pressure chamber 19A, all is like this in the time of among the 19B.For compressed air can be fed in the atmosphere, be provided with a plurality of floss holes 13 around rotor chamber 51.As shown in FIG. 13A, floss hole extends in the valve casing 12.

Referring again to motor, each

pressure chamber

19A, 19B respectively comprise two mouths:

first mouthful

35,37 and second mouthfuls 36,38.First and second of every chamber mouthful all is positioned at relative end, this chamber.For compressed air being led inlet port 35-38, inner casing 30 is arranged at the rear portion of rotor chamber 51 shown in Figure 11-13.Inner casing 30 has one group of hole 31-34, and these holes allow compressed air from valve casing 12 logical inlet port 35-38.

Inner casing 30 also is provided with a bearing 72 that ball 73 arranged, in order to the axle (not shown) of supporting rotor 50.In addition, inner casing 30 also is provided with bead 39 like that shown in Figure 12 and 13, and bead 39 extends rearwardly into valve chest 12, is used for following introduce such, with rotatable mode pilot valve 20.

In running, at compressed air respectively from inner casing hole 31 or/and 33 when importing,

chamber

19A, 19B first mouthful or independent one or combine, drive rotor along first direction (i.e. clockwise direction as shown in Figure 8).Similarly, when compressed air each when inner casing hole 32 and/or 34 imports,

second mouthful

36,38 or independent one or making up along second direction (promptly along counter clockwise direction shown in Figure 8) and drive rotor.When two mouths were accepted compressed air, instrument just was in the speedup drive state.

According to the present invention, shown in Fig. 1-7, be provided with one and reverse and speedup transmission selector valve 20, in order to determining which inner casing chamber 31-34, and therefore which pressure accent 35-38 accepts compressed air from valve chest 12.Shown in Fig. 5-7, this valve that is used for two chamber motors can adopt the form of variation, and can not depart from essence spirit of the present invention.

In general, valve 20 comprises a rotating flat part 18, and part 18 comprises the rising part 21 and the one handle extension 29 of perforate.Shown in Fig. 2-4, valve 20 is installed in the valve pocket chamber 70 of valve chest 12 with rotary way.Seal 100 is sealed in flat part 18 in the valve pocket chamber 70, and a seal 110 is sealed in handle extension 29 in the proficiency delthyrium 74 on valve chest 12 rear portions.Because the valve pocket chamber 70 with seal 100,110 sealings has been arranged, and valve chest just can be accepted compressed air by hole 14, so that air is directly imported rotor 50 through inner casing 30 and valve 20.In order to make the operator can adjust this valve, there is aforementioned, as to be used for a rotating valve handgrip 22 the handle extension 29 on the valve chest outer surface.

In order to guide the compressed air from valve pocket chamber 70, valve 20 is bearing on the circular flange 39 of inner casing 30 with rotary way.Each opening on valve 20 raises and partly 21 includes a hole 25-27, and this hole extends through flat part 18 and the part 21 that raises.By rotating valve 20, hole 25-27 is aimed at inner casing hole 31-34, select among the inlet 35-38 so that selectively compressed air is sent to through hole 31-34.In order only to use compressed air to come CD-ROM drive motor, make a hole 27 settle the location so at least: to make valve can be placed to such an extent that make one among this hole and the mouth 35-38 to aim at by a mouth.In addition, in order distributing and the characteristics of acquisition speedup transmission, to be arranged on place, the relative both sides of this valve axis to two

holes

25,26 of major general, and to be equal to each other apart from axial line distance by compressed air is sent through two oral instructions.For example, as shown in Figure 3, on reverse speedup transmission position, valve opening the 25, the 26th is aimed at

inner casing hole

32,34 respectively, so that compressed air is conveyed in

second mouthful

36,38.

Shown in Fig. 5-7, the position of the opening area 21 of rising, and hole 25-27, the position of 125-127 and 225-227 can change.The shift in position in these holes allows to change the position of valve handgrip 22.For example as shown in Figure 1, the valve 20 among Fig. 5 is positioned to by the opening area 21 that will raise and becomes Y shape haply, and this valve is on a certain position.In Fig. 6, valve 120 has four to line up the hole 125-128 that is substantially Y shape, makes the 4th hole be placed to such an extent that equate (being φ or V-arrangement peace gesture shape layout) with distance between the upper bifurcation of Y shape part.In Fig. 7, valve 220 has three to be arranged in the hole that is roughly T shape.

The quantity in the hole in valve, therefore the quantity of the valve position that just can realize is to be determined by the number of motor lumen.In described two chamber motors, valve 20 as shown in Figure 5 can have four positions at least, for example: a primary importance, on this position, valve opening 27 and 31 ventilations of inner casing hole are in order to make motor drive along positive direction through first mouthful 35; One second place, on this position, valve opening 27 and 34 ventilations of inner casing hole are in order to make motor along reverse drive through second mouthful 38; One the 3rd position, on this position, valve opening 25,26 and 32,34 ventilations of inner casing hole are used for making motor along oppositely speedup transmission direction driving through

second mouthful

36,38; One the 4th position, on this position, valve opening 25,26 and 31,33 ventilations of inner casing hole are used for through

first mouthful

35,37 motor being driven along forward speedup transmission direction.

Fig. 8,10 shows the situation that motor of the present invention has plural chamber, and each chamber includes first and second mouthful.As Figure 10 clearly illustrates that, whole first mouthful and second mouthful of equal surrounding rotor chamber equidistantly distribute (whole first mouthful all at interval 120 °, whole second mouthful also at interval 120 °).

As shown in Figure 8, the rotary valve that is used for one three chamber motor comprises three groups of holes: (1) 327; (2) 325,326 reach (3) 328-330.Hole group 328-330 (apart 120 °) equidistantly distributes, thereby makes for just or in the other direction, and when valve was on the suitable position (full speedup transmission), all chambeies all were connected with compressed air.In addition, hole 325,326 around valve each other at a distance of 120 ° ground settling, thereby make that for just or, compressed air (medium speedup transmission) is all accepted in two chambeies, the 3rd hole 327 is placed to such an extent that have only a chamber can accept compressed air in the other direction.

Every group of hole 327; 325,326; And 328-330 is positioned and settles to such an extent that can not make it to interfere with the running of other hole group.In other words, chosen being used for when one, two or three mouth provides compressed air in the hole of designated groups, the hole in designated groups is not positioned and settles to such an extent that make them not provide compressed air to any one of other mouthful.

Therefore, in this alternate embodiment, valve can be placed on six positions at least: a primary importance, and it allows to flow to first mouthful of any one chamber in each pressure chamber; One second place, it allows to flow to second mouthful of any one chamber in each pressure chamber; One the 3rd position, it allows to flow to first mouthful of any two chambeies in each pressure chamber; One the 4th position, it can allow to flow to second mouthful of any two chambeies in each pressure chamber; One the 5th position, it allows to flow to first mouthful of all pressure chambers; One the 6th position, it allows to flow to second mouthful of all pressure chambers.

Though the present invention introduces in conjunction with above-mentioned each specific embodiment, clearly, for those skilled in the art, many replacements, remodeling and variation can be arranged.Therefore the above-mentioned preferred embodiment of the present invention just is used for introducing rather than a kind of restriction.In not departing from the basic principle of determining in the claims of the present invention and scope, can make various variations.For example, this device should be not limited to use air, because other gas also may be utilized.

Claims

1, a kind of pneumatic tool, it has:

One housing;

One is installed on rotor in the housing with rotary way;

But one is connected in the output shaft of rotor with maneuverability pattern;

Each pressure chamber of between housing and rotor, determining; And

One pneumatic back valve, but it connects to such an extent that can control rotor with maneuverability pattern, and this valve has the multiplying gear that the speed of the torque of increase and increase is provided to output shaft.

2, pneumatic tool as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, it has an input port that is connected in pneumatic back valve with controllable way; And

One is used for from the outlet of pressure chamber discharged air.

3, pneumatic tool as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, pneumatic back valve is a kind of rotation back valve, and this rotation back valve can rotate around an axis.

4, pneumatic tool as claimed in claim 3 is characterized in that, the rotation back valve is a flat part, and it has three through holes at least.

5, pneumatic tool as claimed in claim 4 is characterized in that, the distance of at least two these axis of pitch-row equates and be positioned at the both sides of axis in three through holes.

6, pneumatic tool as claimed in claim 5 is characterized in that, each hole is arranged to be roughly the T shape.

7, pneumatic tool as claimed in claim 5 is characterized in that, each hole is aligned to Y-shaped substantially.

8, pneumatic tool as claimed in claim 5 is characterized in that, described Kong Yousi, wherein three holes are arranged in Y shape substantially, and the 4th hole is arranged between each upper bifurcation that is placed in Y shape and with each bifurcated distance and equates.

9, pneumatic tool as claimed in claim 3 is characterized in that, the rotation back valve also has a handgrip, and handgrip can be located with rotating manner with respect to housing outer surface.

10, pneumatic tool as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, this instrument is made up of two pressure chambers.

11, a kind ofly be used for air tool back valve, this instrument has

One housing;

One is installed on rotor in the housing with rotary way;

Each pressure chamber of between rotor and housing, determining; This pneumatic back valve has:

One is used to increase the torque of rotor and the multiplying gear of speed.

12, pneumatic tool as claimed in claim 11 is characterized in that, back valve is a flat part, and flat part has three through holes at least.

13, pneumatic tool as claimed in claim 12 is characterized in that, arrays of openings becomes to be substantially T shape.

14, pneumatic tool as claimed in claim 12 is characterized in that, arrays of openings becomes to be substantially Y shape.

15, pneumatic tool as claimed in claim 12 is characterized in that, the through hole of flat part has four, and its three are arranged in Y shape substantially, and the 4th hole is arranged between the bifurcated on Y shape top, and equates with two bifurcateds distance.

16, a kind of pneumatic tool, it comprises a housing, one rotor, and also have by housing and at least two definite pressure chambers of rotor, each pressure chamber has one to accept compressed-air actuated first mouthful, with drive along first direction rotor and accept compressed-air actuated second mouthful to drive rotor along second direction, this pneumatic tool also has:

One is used for controlling selectively compressed air and flows into one or more first mouthful or flow into one or more second mouthful valves.

17, pneumatic tool as claimed in claim 16 is characterized in that, when valve is selected to control compressed air and flows in one or more first mouthful, prevents that air from flowing into any one second mouthful; And

When this back valve is chosen when being used for controlling compressed air and flowing into one or more second mouthful, prevent that air from flowing into any one first mouthful.

18, pneumatic tool as claimed in claim 16 is characterized in that, this instrument comprises one first and one second pressure chamber, and this back valve can place on any of first to the 4th position:

On primary importance, allow compressed air to flow in first mouthful of first or second pressure chamber;

On the second place, allow compressed air to flow in second mouthful of first or second pressure chamber;

On the 3rd position, allow compressed air to flow in first mouthful of first and second pressure chamber;

On the 4th position, allow compressed air to flow in second mouthful of first and second pressure chamber.

19, pneumatic tool as claimed in claim 16 is characterized in that, this pneumatic tool has each one of first, second and third pressure chamber, and back valve can be settled on any one that is positioned in first to the 6th position:

On primary importance, allow in first mouthful of any one pressure chamber in the compressed air feed pressure chamber,

On the second place, allow compressed air to flow in second mouthful of any one pressure chamber in each pressure chamber;

On the 3rd position, allow compressed air to flow in first mouthful of any two pressure chambers in each pressure chamber;

On the 4th position, allow compressed air to flow in second mouthful of any two pressure chambers in each pressure chamber;

On the 5th position, allow compressed air to flow in first mouthful of all pressure chambers;

On the 6th position, allow compressed air to flow in second mouthful of all pressure chambers.