CN1205041A - 吸收材料及其生产 - Google Patents

吸收材料及其生产 Download PDF

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CN1205041A
CN1205041A CN97191330A CN97191330A CN1205041A CN 1205041 A CN1205041 A CN 1205041A CN 97191330 A CN97191330 A CN 97191330A CN 97191330 A CN97191330 A CN 97191330A CN 1205041 A CN1205041 A CN 1205041A
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I·提伯林
S·瓦荷伦
E·林德格伦
K·马勒穆伯格
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Abstract

吸着能力得到改进的吸收材料的生产方法,该材料包括纤维素纤维,该纤维在水存在下用比表面积至少50m2/g的疏水性物质处理,其方法是当纤维的干含量至少为20%时将该物质与该纤维放置在一起,用此方法得到的吸收材料。包括吸收材料的制品。包括吸收材料的吸收结构的生产方法,其中纤维素纤维是在水存在下用比表面积至少50m2/g的疏水性物质进行处理的,其方法是将该物质与该纤维放置在一起,纤维的干含量至少为20%。

Description

吸收材料及其生产
本发明涉及改进了吸着能力的吸收材料的生产方法、用此方法得到的吸收材料和包括这种材料的吸收制品。本发明还涉及包括这种吸收材料的吸收结构的生产方法。
在本文中，“吸着能力”的概念指吸收材料吸取诸如水或水溶液之类的液体(包括诸如尿、血和经液之类的体液)的吸收率，或者是指吸收材料的液体滞留能力，或同时指这两种特征。其吸着机理可为吸附或吸收或二者的结合。
本文中的“吸收材料”的概念是意欲包括在其中的主要由纤维素纤维组成的任何纸或类纸的结构，它的主要用途是吸收诸如水或水溶液(包括体液，诸如尿、血和经液)之类的液体。这种纸的例子是卫生纸和用热固性树脂浸渍的用以生产装饰层压材料的纸。
如Ullmann＇s Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry(乌尔曼工业化学大全)，Vol．A18，p663，1991(在此提供参考)中所述，卫生纸一词包括纤维素填塞物、软纸和绉纹纸，均为家庭或卫生领域所用。在这些领域中使用时卫生纸的吸液率和持液能力的重要性是众所周知的。这对于诸如例假用品之类的吸收制品(例如卫生巾、内裤衬里、止血栓塞等)、尿布、绷带、成人失禁服等是特别有效的。好的吸液率和持液能力是这种制品功能的明显的先决条件。但在使用时，这种制品持久性地受到穿戴者的体重和运动给予的压力，因此有足够高的持液能力使其在压力下也能保留住被吸收的液体是很重要的。再者，为使穿戴者有好的舒适感，制品应提供干爽(即应避免制品再弄湿穿戴者的皮肤)的感觉，所以对持液能力提出了更高的要求。通常是使用某些与水接触时形成水凝胶的聚合材料(被称为“超吸收剂”)来提高这类制品的吸着能力，然而虽然制品的能力提高了，但因液体是与超吸收剂的颗粒结合的，构成卫生纸的纤维素纤维本身的吸着能力事实上并未因使用这种超吸收剂而得到提高。
纤维素材料的吸着能力具有重要性的另一领域是层压板，特别是所谓的装饰层压板，如US 3，373，071中所述。这种压层板一般至少包括三层：耐磨面层、耐磨面层下的印染或图案层以及支持耐磨面层和印染层的芯层。这些层都是用浸渍了热固性树脂的纸板组成的。耐磨面层通常是由浸渍了三聚氰胺树脂的透明纸组成。浸渍是将纸浸入树脂水溶液中进行的。显然，纸的吸着能力是浸渍效率的关键参数。
因此，本发明要解决的问题是提供有改进吸着能力的吸收材料的生产方法。
此问题是由所附权利要求书中限定的方法解决的。更具体地说，本发明涉及有改进吸着能力的吸收材料的生产方法，该吸收材料包括纤维素纤维，纤维是在水存在下用比表面积至少为50m2／g的疏水性物质处理的，其法是当纤维的干含量至少为20％时将疏水性物质和纤维放置在一起。
相信所述种类的疏水性物质给予改进的吸收特性的原因是该物质吸收在纤维素纤维中或纤维素纤维上自然出现的表面活性物质。
用疏水性物质“处理”纤维意即使物质的颗粒处于其中纤维干物质含量至少约为20％、适合的是至少约为25％并最优选至少约30％的纤维附近或与纤维接触。这就是说，一经纤维纸幅的沥滤和脱水完成后，本发明方法即可在吸收纸的生产过程中进行。在本申请中，“纸幅”的概念也包括“纸页”。最好是颗粒保留在纤维附近或与纤维接触至少约10秒钟、适合的是至少约5秒钟并特别是至少约2秒钟。
疏水性物质颗粒的比表面积(按下述修改的DIN 66131标准法测定)至少约为50m2／g、优选至少约100m2／g并最优选至少约200m2／g。活性炭的比表面积约为1000m2／g；沸石ZSM-5和沸石-A型约500m2／g；沸石-X和沸石-Y约800m2／g。
疏水性物质可以是任何基本上不溶于水的物质，最好具有不高于约1g／100g水的溶解度，适合的是不高于0．1 g／100g水，只要它具有上述的比表面积即可。有用的疏水性物质的例子是活性炭、疏水沸石和聚四氟乙烯(即泰氟隆)。疏水性物质最好是多孔的。在一最佳具体实施方案中，疏水性物质是疏水性低于0．99％、优选低于约0．90％、适合的是低于0．7％(重量)残留丁醇的活性炭或沸石(用下述的残留丁醇测试法测定)。特别优选的沸石是SiO2／Al2O3摩尔关系至少为5的沸石。
虽然疏水性物质可以干态和湿态加入纤维，但最好是将其包括在水混合物中，通常是作为分散液或淤浆。混合物用于纤维幅的方法方便的是喷或淋。物质的适合用量约为0．1-10公斤／公吨干浆、优选0．5-5公斤／公吨。也可以选择性地通过将物质(优选由水混合物组成)倾于纤维幅上或将幅浸入这种混合物中的方法进行处理。
处理可在滞留剂存在下进行以确保有足够量的物质颗粒保持与纤维接触或在纤维附近足够长的时间以产生所要求的效果。优选的滞留剂的例子是多糖，诸如淀粉、纤维素衍生物、呫吨胶和瓜尔胶；以及合成的均聚物，诸如聚丙烯酰胺(PAM)、聚酰胺胺(PAA)、聚二烯丙基二甲基氯化铵(聚DADMAC)、聚乙烯亚胺(PEI)和聚氧乙烯(PEO)或它们的共聚物。
虽然此物质可保留在处理后的吸收纸中，但这并不被认为是本发明的主要点。事实上，在处理中使用即使低于约65％、例如低于30％或甚至是少至约1％的该物质存在于处理后的吸收纸中，与未处理的纸相比，其吸收效果也十分显著地提高了。但在一些例子中，让大量的该物质存在于纸中可能是有利的。例如当该物质是给吸收制品(例如尿布和例假用品)提供除臭特性的疏水性沸石时，如US4，826，497和WO 91／11977中所公开。但需注意，这些文献中的沸石不是用来在水存在下处理纤维的。
本发明也涉及用本发明方法得到的吸收材料(特别是卫生纸)和吸收制品，诸如尿布、卫生巾、内裤衬里、止血栓塞、绷带、成人失禁服、手纸、手帕、厨用毛巾、手巾、面巾、餐巾和包括这种纸的类似制品。本发明还涉及包括这种吸收材料的吸收结构的生产方法。
在另一具体实施方案中，吸收材料是欲用热固性树脂浸渍的并用于生产层压品、特别是装饰层压板贴面的纸。
吸收材料(例如卫生纸)可用任何适合的造纸方法来生产。软纸和纤维素填塞物的质量通常是用所谓的杨克式纸机(Yankeemachine)制造的，即基本上是在杨克式滚筒或杨克式干燥器上完成干燥的造纸机，它的干燥滚筒有大的直径和抛光表面，主要用于纸幅的干燥。通常是用一个或两个加压辊将20-35％干度的湿纸幅附着在杨克式滚筒上。在本文中，本发明是用安置在第一压力辊前的喷啉装置进行的。
构成纤维素浆页的纤维通常是将木材(一般是碎片)崩解成纤维或纤维束得到的。在本文中“纤维束”的概念与“纤维”的概念相等。分离的纤维可用技术人员已知的制浆方法来制取，例如用生产机制浆(MP)、石磨木浆(SGW)、压磨木浆(PGW)、精机制浆(RMP)、热机制浆(TMP)、化学机制浆(CMP)或化学热机制浆(CTMP)的方法。虽然优选的是化学浆，诸如硫酸盐和亚硫酸盐浆，但纤维素纤维为棉纤维也是有利的。另一似乎可能的纤维源是废纸再生纤维。
本发明将用下列的实施例进行更详细的说明，所用的“份”和“百分数”是以重量表示的，除非另外说明。
在下列的实施例中是将得到的吸收材料进行再湿性和／或吸液率的测试，测定吸液率的试验方法是SCAN-P 61-87，该方法是将一叠由六张纸页组成的样品置于特别为此方法设计的装置中，装置中装有电极以检测分别在机器方向、横向和垂直于纸表面方向的渗透水。测定各个方向从在纸上给予一定量的水至电极检测到渗透所经过的时间。材料被渗透所需的时间愈短，则其吸液率愈高。
实施例1-2：实施例中使用的是含40％桉木硫酸盐浆、36％松木硫酸盐浆和24％云杉亚硫酸盐浆的纸浆组合物制成的软纸。软纸定量为18．6g／m2。将含0．2％沸石的溶液喷在一个样品上，该沸石为Y型，疏水性为0．28wt％残留丁醇(用残留丁醇测试法测定)，SiO2／Al2O3比为29。用基于DIN 66131(所谓BET法)的方法测定的比表面积约为800m2／g，其中面积是在相对压力P／P0为0．03一点测定的。加入样品中的沸石量相应于3公斤沸石／公吨干纸。纸样先经干燥然后进行试验以测定吸液率。实施例1是不加沸石的对比实施例。结果示于表I。
表I
实施例 机器方向吸液率，S 横向吸液率，S 垂直于纸面方向的吸液率，S
1 2.88 0.81 0.06
2 2.42 0.68 0.04
因此很明显，按本发明处理的纸比未处理的纸吸收快。

Claims (14)

1．一种生产具有改进吸着能力的吸收材料的方法，该材料包括纤维素纤维，其特征在于纤维是在水存在下用比表面积至少50m2／g的疏水性物质进行处理的，其方法是当纤维的干含量至少为20％时将该物质与纤维放置在一起。
2．权利要求1的方法，其特征在于纸幅的形成是将纤维素纤维的水悬浮液沥滤，然后加压和／或干燥纸幅，并且纸幅在沥滤后用疏水物质处理。
3．权利要求1或2的方法，其特征在于纤维是用疏水性物质和水的混合物喷或淋的。
4．权利要求1-3任一项的方法，其特征在于疏水性物质是疏水性低于约0．99wt％残留丁醇(以残留丁醇测试法测定)的活性炭或沸石。
5．权利要求1-4任一项的方法得到的吸收材料。
6．权利要求5的吸收材料，其特征在于吸收材料是纸。
7．权利要求5或6的吸收材料，其特征在于吸收材料是卫生纸。
8．权利要求7的吸收材料，其特征在于卫生纸是纤维素填塞物、软纸或绉纹纸。
9．权利要求5-8任一项的吸收材料，其特征在于吸收材料的定量低于约30g／m2。
10．一种包括权利要求5-9任一项的吸收材料的吸收制品。
11．权利要求10的吸收制品，其特征在于制品是尿布、卫生巾、内裤衬里、止血栓塞、绷带、成人失禁服、手纸、手帕、厨用毛巾、手巾、面巾或餐巾。
12．权利要求6的吸收材料，其特征在于纸是用于装饰层压板上的贴面。
13．包括权利要求12的纸的装饰层压板。
14．一种包括吸收材料的吸收结构的生产方法，该材料包含纤维素纤维，该结构有改进的吸着能力，其特征在于纤维素纤维是在水存在下用比表面积至少50m2／g的疏水性物质进行处理的，其方法是将该物质与纤维放置在一起，纤维的干含量至少为20％。
CN97191330A 1996-03-25 1997-03-24 吸收材料及其生产 Expired - Fee Related CN1089388C (zh)

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US6979386B1 (en) 1999-08-23 2005-12-27 Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. Tissue products having increased absorbency
DE10035924B4 (de) * 2000-07-21 2006-04-27 Fritz Egger Gmbh & Co Imprägnat und Verfahren zur Herstellung und Verwendung des Imprägnats
US7588660B2 (en) 2002-10-07 2009-09-15 Georgia-Pacific Consumer Products Lp Wet-pressed tissue and towel products with elevated CD stretch and low tensile ratios made with a high solids fabric crepe process
US8911592B2 (en) 2002-10-07 2014-12-16 Georgia-Pacific Consumer Products Lp Multi-ply absorbent sheet of cellulosic fibers
US7494563B2 (en) 2002-10-07 2009-02-24 Georgia-Pacific Consumer Products Lp Fabric creped absorbent sheet with variable local basis weight
WO2010033536A2 (en) 2008-09-16 2010-03-25 Dixie Consumer Products Llc Food wrap basesheet with regenerated cellulose microfiber
JP6685400B2 (ja) 2015-12-10 2020-04-22 ザ プロクター アンド ギャンブル カンパニーＴｈｅ Ｐｒｏｃｔｅｒ ＆ Ｇａｍｂｌｅ Ｃｏｍｐａｎｙ 臭気制御組成物を含む物品

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SE9601136D0 (sv) 1996-03-25
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