CN1204699C - Bandspread communication network system in low-voltage distribution network and its communication method - Google Patents
Bandspread communication network system in low-voltage distribution network and its communication method Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a spread spectrum communication network system of a low voltage distribution network and a communication method thereof, which belongs to the technical field of low voltage power line communication. The system is characterized in that the system is a pyramidal master-slave communication system composed of a computer, a concentrator, a router and a user terminal, which are orderly arranged from top to the bottom. The communication method is characterized in that on the basis of a network node and a network section which are presented, the concentrator and a routing table in the router are established, and the concentrator <=>, a router <=> of the network section and a low address<=> of the network node are established in a low address-positioning phase comparison table of the network node; according to the corresponding relation of two-way communication of one-to-one correspondence between positioning phases, a network which is strictly distinguished by a user presents that user ID <=> is established in the concentrator; an address table of the network node is used for establishing the unique corresponding relation for user ID information and destination addresses, which are transmitted by a computer, and provides the technical basis for reading meters of physical quantities, such as user electricity consumption, etc., which are detected by the network. The present invention has the advantages of stable and reliable communication, large communication range, little noise interference influence, easy use, etc.
Description
Technical field
A kind of low-voltage network spread-spectrum communications system and communication means thereof belong to the low-voltage power line communication technical field.
Background technology
Realize that as transmission signal vector communication is that research such as various countries' electric power, communication, network and branch of industry endeavour the technology researched and developed always with power line.Power line communication is divided with the electric pressure of electric power networks usually, can be divided into high-voltage power line communication (more than the 100KV), medium voltage power line communication (1KV ~ 100KV) communicate by letter (below the 1kV, 380V/220V) with low-voltage power line.With regard to the power line communication channel characteristic, the high-voltage power line communication environment is best, secondly is the medium voltage power line environment, and the poorest is the low-voltage power line communication environment.Low-voltage power line communication is called low-voltage network communication again.From applied communication technology angular divisions, power line communication technology is divided into narrowband modulation technology and broadband (spread spectrum) modulation technique.
Aspect the exploitation of low-voltage network Research of Communication Technology, the research institution of states such as Britain, Germany, the U.S., Japan, Belgium, Israel successively carried out research to this technology from different perspectives.
Existing in the world low-voltage network power line communication technology mainly contains two classes: European standard class and non-European standard class.
The European standard class: general reference adopts the power distribution network communication technology of European CENELEC standard EN 50065-1 (working band scope at 3～148.5kHz, maximum power 25W).Because this frequency band range narrower (maximum bandwidth 145.5kHz), (as ASK, FSK PSK) carries out transfer of data so be suitable for adopting the narrowband modulation technology.Transmission rate is except outside the Pass having with bandwidth, and is also relevant with the noise of this frequency range power distribution network.According to the achievement in research of publishing in the world and Tsing-Hua University's department of electrical engineering commercial test results at the actual power distribution network of China, in this frequency band the noise level of power distribution network-40 ~-80dBmW/Hz, be higher level.So can only realize lower transmission rate (being generally 2.4kbit/s or lower).If adopt spread spectrum in this frequency range, because bandwidth is less, the processing gain value that spread spectrum institute can obtain is about 18, and the effect of spread spectrum superiority is also not obvious.
Non-European standard class: general reference adopts the power distribution network communication technology of non-European CENELEC standard EN 50065-1.Typical non-European standard has the FCC standard (100 ~ 450kHz, maximum power 25W) of the U.S..Tsing-Hua University's department of electrical engineering shows that in the commercial test results of the actual power distribution network of China the noise of the power distribution network in this frequency range is a white noise, noise level is at-90dBmW/Hz, noise level far below the European standard frequency range, simultaneously since the bandwidth of FCC frequency range to be the twice of CENELEC bandwidth many, so can reach higher transmission rate (being generally more than the 9.6kbit/s) and bigger spread processing gain (near 44) in the FCC frequency range.
Based on European standard or FCC standard, some companies produce the modem chip (or claiming MODEM) that satisfies standard.As satisfy the MODEM chip ST7536 of European standard, ST7537; As satisfy the MODEM chip LM1893 of FCC standard, AN192, SSCP200 etc.;
The output digital signal that these commercialization modem chips have standard is modulated to the continuous time signal function, maybe the modulated signal that receives is demodulated into the digital signal function.
Realize on the net that at low-voltage distribution the subject matter that signal post faces is that variation decay-diverse access point, the different time excursion of (1) channel is big, and bigger with load switching relevance on the network, transmission zero is often arranged; (2) random disturbances and noise-peak-peak value of interference on the circuit and noise can be reached about the 20V from various users' harmonic pollution, background noise etc.
Studies show that of recent years adopts the broadband power line spread spectrum technic can overcome the abominable communication environment that low-voltage power line is communicated by letter to a certain extent, compares with narrow band communication mode or arrowband spread spectrum mode to have obvious superiority.
When adopting spread spectrum communication mode on low-voltage network, to carry out group-net communication, because the complexity of low-voltage distribution network channel, the distance of any 2 direct communications is generally less than 500 meters on the network, even if close together in particular cases, owing to the reasons such as fork of power distribution network, also can't guarantee the reliability of communicating by letter; So just need plan, place router at key node to power distribution network.These routers constitute complete power distribution network spread spectrum communication network with user communication terminal under the control and management of concentrator.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of communication reliable and stable, the big and debugging of scope is safeguarded, uses all convenient, flexible low-voltage network spread-spectrum communications system and the communication means thereof of three.
Low-voltage network spread-spectrum communications system proposed by the invention is characterized in that: it is a kind of top-down successively by computer, concentrator, and " pyramid " formula master-slave communication system that router and user terminal constitute, wherein:
Computer is the summit of system, it be the communication information place of sending be again the terminal point of terminal feedback information;
Concentrator is that the packet of computer is become the equipment that is delivered to power line behind the carrier communication bag, also is to handle and receive from the carrier data bag of user terminal and feed back to the equipment of computer, and it is communicated by letter with order wire with computer;
Router is used at different segment swapping data bag, the described network segment be a series of relative positions near and be that the equipment with network address of appointment is referred to as the set of " network node " after abstract, the described network address is by using symbol ". " to separate " high address " each other and " status address " is dimerous, and each network node in the same network segment has same " high address " and a unique router is arranged, this router except can with all-network node direct communication in this network segment, also at least can with the router direct communication of an adjacent network segment, and by this adjacent direct communication, a router can be found out the avenues of communication of a connection concentrator at least, make the area dividing of the contained lid of whole communication system become the network segment that directly is communicated with by router one by one, it is communicated by letter with concentrator through low-voltage network again;
User terminal is the carrier data of receiving router or concentrator and feeds back the said equipment of local data to them, and it is connecting more than one user, and it is through low-voltage network and router communication.
Described high address and low order address all are numerals between 0 to 255.
The communication means of low-voltage network spread-spectrum communications system proposed by the invention is characterized in that: the master-slave mode communication mode of its " pyramid " formula that is top-down, and it contains the following step successively:
(1) initialization
(1.1) concentrator with respectively deposit one in the router in and can change flexibly as required and the content routing table all identical for the same network segment with form, it is successively respectively by the destination network segment of representing with the high address, deliver the network segment, deliver the A that uses at interior low order address of the network segment and place thereof, B, the place phase place that C represents constitutes, when obtaining a packet with convenient concentrator or router, by the retrieval routing table, recognize which deliver the router delivery of the router at network segment place to destination network segment by, what each bar in the routing table write down expression is possible delivery path;
(1.2) in concentrator and routing table, respectively deposit " network segment node low order address---a place phase place correspondence table " all identical in to same network segment content and form, it is successively by the low order address of user node with use A respectively, B, C represents, and the place phase place constitutes, so that directly packet by place phase place sent to this node when destination address is the node of this network segment at concentrator or router receiving;
(2) the computer information that will be delivered to packet which node is passed to concentrator together with this packet through order wire with the form of destination address;
(3) after concentrator becomes the carrier communication bag to packet, learn the delivery network segment of the router that destination address will pass through and the router low order address of the network segment that needs to deliver by the retrieval routing table, transmit so that give the router of delivering the network segment packet;
(4) routing table of this network segment of retrieval after the router of the delivery network segment is received is learnt the delivery network segment of the router that destination address will pass through and the router low order address of the network segment that needs delivery, packet is given the router of the next stage delivery network segment and is transmitted; After the router of the final purpose network segment is received packet, retrieve " network segment node low order address---the place phase place correspondence table " of this network segment, this router just is delivered to packet by the place phase place network node at destination address place.
At described initial phase, distinguish in user's the network in strictness, to in concentrator, set up one " user ID (Identification; promptly identify)---address translation table ", it also is that the unique and identification number ID that remains unchanged for a long period of time and the network node address two parts at this user place are formed by what form with the numeral two 0 to 255 for each user successively, so that concentrator is learnt the network node address at user place by user ID information.
Use proof: it accomplishes the end in view.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1. the schematic network structure of low-voltage network spread-spectrum communications system.
Fig. 2. a typical network profile.
Fig. 3. the adjusted network topological diagram of Fig. 2.
Fig. 4. the program flow diagram of concentrator and router handle packet.
Specific implementation method
Ask for an interview Fig. 1.The 1st, computer, usefulness be the P4 1.5G of Kaitian of association, in addition ATEN photoelectricity isolates 232---one of 485 transducer; 2 is 485 order wires; The 3rd, carrier communication concentrator, the 4th, router, the 5th, user terminal.
Fig. 2 is that a typical network distribution is that the network segment is divided schematic diagram.61～64 expression network segments.The address assignment of this unified management network node has been simplified router network node has been distributed required " priori ", arrangement as address in the network is mixed and disorderly, it is 64.18 address that concentrator 3 need be dealt into the address to a packet, concentrator 3 (routers of 61 network segments) needs to understand the concrete path of arrival 64.18, when network node is a lot, this will be unpractical.After unified now, concentrator 3 can be delivered to the network segment 64 via the network segment 63, and the router by the network segment 64 directly sends to 64.18 again; Also can be as shown in Figure 3, packet is transmitted to the router of 64 network segments by the router of 62 network segments, just can arrive destination address at next step.The FB(flow block) of concentrator and router handle packet is asked for an interview Fig. 4, no longer repeats.
Table 1～table 3 is respectively the routing table of concentrator and router, user's low order address---place phase meter, user ID---address are the example of the network node address table of comparisons.Below with reference to an example communication means that the present invention proposes is illustrated.
Certain constantly copies and accepts user ID and is 00.14 user's power consumption:
At first computer is passed to concentrator with the information of user ID by 485 lines;
Concentrator retrieval user ID---address translation table obtains the address 64.05 of user place network node;
Concentrator is by the retrieval routing table, and the packets need of learning 64 network segments is transmitted by 63 routers, and giving 63 router low order address with user ID and destination address mutually by A is 2 phase;
63 routers receive back retrieval routing table, learn that the packets need of 64 network segments is transmitted by 64 routers, and giving 64 router low order address with user ID and destination address mutually by A is 2 phase;
At first judge it is this network segment address after 64 routers receive, the retrieval user low order address-phase place table of comparisons learns that user terminal in the C phase, passes to user terminal with user ID information by C mutually;
User terminal obtains user ID information, and judgement is the user of present networks node, and then this user power utilization amount information of this locality being stored in a destination address is in the packet of concentrator address, returns to 64 routers.
64 routers receive back retrieval routing table, learn that the packets need of 61 network segments is transmitted by 63 routers, and giving 63 router low order address with power consumption information and destination address mutually by B is 1 phase;
63 routers receive back retrieval routing table, learn that the packets need of 61 network segments is given 61 concentrators (i.e. " router " of 61 network segments), and giving 61 concentrator low order address with power consumption information and destination address mutually by B is 1 phase;
Concentrator is returned to computer with power consumption information after receiving, and has finished copying and accepting of a user power utilization amount.
Concentrator user ID---address translation table, concentrator routing table, user's low order address of the routing table of 63,64 routers and 64 routers---the place phase place table of comparisons is listed as follows:
Concentrator user ID-address translation table is as follows:
Concentrator routing table is as follows:
63 router routing tables are as follows:
64 router routing tables are as follows:
User's low order address-phase place the table of comparisons of 64 routers is as follows:
This shows that communication range of the present invention is big and reliable and stable.
Claims (3)
1. low-voltage network spread-spectrum communications system contains computer and distribution line carrier equipment, it is characterized in that: it is a kind of top-down successively by computer, concentrator, and " pyramid " formula master-slave communication system that router and user terminal constitute, wherein:
Computer is the summit of system, it be the communication information place of sending be again the terminal point of terminal feedback information;
Concentrator is that the packet of computer is become the equipment that is delivered to power line behind the carrier communication bag, also is to handle and receive from the carrier data bag of user terminal and feed back to the equipment of computer, and it is communicated by letter with order wire with computer; Concentrator is the core of power network communication;
Router is used at different segment swapping data bag, the described network segment be a series of relative positions near and be that the equipment with network address of appointment is referred to as the set of " network node " after abstract, the described network address is by using symbol ". " to separate " high address " each other and " status address " is dimerous, and each network node in the same network segment has same " high address " and a unique router is arranged, this router except can with all-network node direct communication in this network segment, also at least can with the router direct communication of an adjacent network segment, and by this adjacent direct communication, a router can be found out the avenues of communication of a connection concentrator at least, make the area dividing of the contained lid of whole communication system become the network segment that directly is communicated with by router one by one, it is communicated by letter with concentrator through low-voltage network again;
User terminal is the carrier data of receiving router or concentrator and feeds back the said equipment of local data to them, and it is connecting more than one user, and it is through low-voltage network and router communication.
2. low-voltage network spread-spectrum communications system according to claim 1 and the communication means that designs is characterized in that: the master-slave mode communication mode of its " pyramid " formula that is top-down, and it contains the following step successively:
The 1st step: initialization
The 1.1st step: concentrator with respectively deposit one in the router in and can change flexibly as required and the content routing table all identical for the same network segment with form, it is successively respectively by the destination network segment of representing with the high address, deliver the network segment, deliver the A that uses at interior low order address of the network segment and place thereof, B, the place phase place that C represents constitutes, when obtaining a packet with convenient concentrator or router, by the retrieval routing table, recognize which deliver the router delivery of the router at network segment place to destination network segment by, what each bar in the routing table write down expression is possible delivery path;
The 1.2nd step: in concentrator and routing table, respectively deposit " network segment node low order address---a place phase place correspondence table " all identical in for same network segment content and form, it is successively by the low order address of user node with use A respectively, B, C represents, and the place phase place constitutes, so that directly packet by place phase place sent to this node when destination address is the node of this network segment at concentrator or router receiving;
The 2nd step: computer will be delivered to packet the information of which node and pass to concentrator together with this packet through order wire with the form of destination address;
The 3rd step: after concentrator becomes the carrier communication bag to packet, learn the delivery network segment of the router that destination address will pass through and the router low order address of the network segment that needs to deliver by the retrieval routing table, transmit so that give the router of delivering the network segment packet;
The 4th step: the routing table of this network segment of retrieval after the router of the delivery network segment is received, learn the delivery network segment of the router that destination address will pass through and the router low order address of the network segment that needs delivery, packet is given the router of the next stage delivery network segment and transmitted; After the router of the final purpose network segment is received packet, retrieve " network segment node low order address---the place phase place correspondence table " of this network segment, this router just is delivered to packet by the place phase place network node at destination address place.
3. low-voltage network spread-spectrum communications system according to claim 2 and the method that designs, it is characterized in that: at described initial phase, distinguish in user's the network in strictness, to in concentrator, set up one " user ID---address translation table ", it also is that the unique and identification number ID that remains unchanged for a long period of time and the network node address two parts at this user place are formed by what form with the numeral two 0 to 255 for each user successively, so that concentrator is learnt the network node address at user place by user ID information.
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| CN 02117085 CN1204699C (en) | 2002-04-29 | 2002-04-29 | Bandspread communication network system in low-voltage distribution network and its communication method |
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Families Citing this family (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN100442677C (en) * | 2003-11-14 | 2008-12-10 | 福建省电力试验研究院 | Power wire local net network system and wiring method thereof |
| CN102122970B (en) * | 2010-12-27 | 2013-08-07 | 北京格林伟迪科技有限公司 | Code length adaptive spread spectrum modulating method and equipment in power line carrier meter reading system |
| CN102904614B (en) * | 2012-11-02 | 2014-12-10 | 上海电机学院 | Iteration time slot distribution method |
| CN103297093B (en) * | 2013-06-09 | 2015-01-14 | 光一科技股份有限公司 | Power line carrier single frequency network (SFN) relay networking communication method |
| CN104866661B (en) * | 2015-05-14 | 2018-02-09 | 清华大学 | Very low frequencies signal detection and velocity estimation apparatus based on three fork decision trees |
| CN105391474B (en) * | 2015-10-30 | 2017-12-19 | 厦门中天微电子科技有限公司 | A kind of power line carrier centralized meter-reading system node-home automatically confirms that method |
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