CN1204385C - Flexible rotor low speed holographic dynamic balancing method - Google Patents
Flexible rotor low speed holographic dynamic balancing method Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The present invention discloses a flexible rotor low-speed holographic dynamic balance method which relates to the field of rotary mechanical vibration diagnosis and control. The present invention is characterized in that based on the theory of holographic spectrum information integration and a system theory, the failure type of a machine set which is in action is determined; a three-dimensional holographic spectrum mode is adopted to describe fully the changing rule of the behaviors of the horizontal vibration of flexible rotors which are at a first-order critical rotational speed; the low rotational speed which is lower than the first-order critical rotational speed is as a balance rotational speed, and rotor unbalance is correctly separated from rotation frequency faults of other types; if the main failure of the machine set is imbalance, a balance plane is selected according to the vibration situations of the rotors of the failed machine set and field balance conditions, and collected data is preprocessed in a mode of normalization by key phase signals; in this way, the second-order modality balance of the flexible rotors at the working rotational speed which is higher than the first-order critical rotational speed. The method breaks through the limitation that the traditional low-speed balance method can be only applicable to rigid rotors, and provides scientific reference and ways for balancing the flexible rotors at a low speed.
Description
One, technical field
The invention belongs to the rotor dynamic balancing technical field, further relate to rotary machinery fault diagnosis and control field, be particularly related to and be mainly used in being lower than the critical balancing speed in rotor first rank, realize that flex rotor is at the holographic dynamic balance method that is higher than second-order modal under the critical working speed in first rank.
Two, background technology
Because working rotor rotating speed, structure, different and all kinds of rotors of rotor rigidity require different balance qualities, can adopt rigid rotor balance and flex rotor balance, make rotor obtain required balance quality.When the working rotor rotating speed far below the rotor first critical speed, when the rotor deflection deformation can be ignored the influence of its balance, just can be called rigid rotator; On the contrary, when the additional imbalance that deflection deformation produced of rotor can not be ignored, be called flex rotor.For rigid rotator, can handle its equilibrium problem with the method for rigid dynamics, because the balancing speed of rigid rotator is far below the first critical speed of rotor, so be also referred to as low speed balancing usually.The imbalance of flex rotor can be divided into imbalance and the following imbalance of the flexible vibration shape (more than the single order) under the rigidity vibration shape (first order mode).Behind flex rotor process low speed balancing, under the rigidity vibration shape, obtained balance, but under the flexible vibration shape, produce new imbalance again, it is bigger promptly to add the actual uneven axial distribution difference of balance mass and rotor, after rotating speed raises, out-of-balance force and institute add the out-of-balance force that counterweight produces and form moment of resistance, rotor generation deflection deformation on each section vertically.Common flex rotor balance method has two big classes now: modal balancing method, influence coefficient method.
As mentioned above, traditional low speed balancing only can make rotor obtain balance under the rigidity vibration shape; After working speed surpassed first critical speed, the new imbalance of rotor under the flexible vibration shape need be by high-speed balancing balance in addition.For example, though rotor of turbogenerator set has all carried out low speed balancing before dispatching from the factory, after ressembling, the scene for the treatment of still need carry out the field high-speed transient equilibrium.When the flex rotor working speed of ready to balance is between first and second rank critical rotary speed, flexible vibration shape imbalance that can (rotating speed is lower than rotor first critical rotary speed) balancing rotor occurs behind first critical speed under low speed, perhaps reduce the imbalance of the flexible vibration shape at least, reduce the workload of flexible modal balancing? if low speed balancing can be realized this goal, will significantly simplify the transient equilibrium process, improve the transient equilibrium security, improve transient equilibrium efficient, obtain huge economic benefit.
" rotor holographic dynamic balance method " (referring to Chinese invention patent ZL97108694.X), " asymmetrical rotor holographic dynamic balance technology " (patent ZL00113755.7) are applied to dynamic balance field with holographic spectral technology and information theory principle respectively, by information integration, realized the holographic dynamic balance of symmetry and asymmetrical rotor and axle system.Above method has all realized the breakthrough of dynamic balancing technique aspect balance quality of rotor and balance efficiency two.The application of this patent is intended to expand flex rotor holographic dynamic balance method and The Application of Technology scope, and the flexible vibration shape imbalance that balancing rotor occurs behind first critical speed under the low speed is simplified the transient equilibrium process.
Three, summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to overcome flex rotor through still carrying out the limitation of high-speed balancing behind traditional low speed balancing, a kind of difference and the holographic low-speed balancing method of the flex rotor of traditional low speed balancing are proposed, under low speed, get final product the flexible vibration shape imbalance more than the direct balance first critical speed, the foundation and the means of science are provided for balance flex rotor under the low speed.
The technical solution that realizes the foregoing invention purpose is: flex rotor low speed holographic dynamic balance method, be different from traditional rigid rotator low speed balancing method, at first gather fault unit data, utilize holographic spectral technology to make a definite diagnosis the fault type that unit is in operation, the commentaries on classics frequency fault of rotor imbalance and other type is correctly made a distinction, if unit is to take fault as the leading factor with imbalance, then according to the vibration situation and the field balancing condition of fault machine group rotor, select balanced surface, and the data of gathering are carried out the normalization pre-service with key signal; It is characterized in that, specifically may further comprise the steps:
1) utilizes holographic spectral technology, accurately obtain amplitude, frequency, the phase place of each sensor pickoff signals, make two-dimension holographic spectrum of each data acquisition face and the 3D hologram spectrum under the rotor commentaries on classics frequently; Characterize the vibration that rotor is respectively measured the cross section with changeing oval frequently first phase point;
2) record unit stopping process data are made Bode figure and are lower than the critical balancing speed of rotor single order to choose;
3) with rotor power frequency original vibration signal, power and the couple component of making the 3D hologram spectrum decompose, the corresponding single order modal response of force component, the corresponding second-order modal response of couple component, the size that compares this two rank modal response, determine balance scheme according to comparative result: the preferential equilibrant component of a., i.e. single order amount of unbalance; B. one, second order amount of unbalance balance simultaneously;
4) will be higher than the working speed of rotor first critical speed and be lower than vibration data under the balancing speed of rotor first critical speed, utilize holographic spectral technology to handle, obtain the Changing Pattern of flex rotor before and after its first critical speed, and unbalance response is at the phase overturn and the radius vector convergent-divergent of critical front and back first phase point;
5),, determine to add the size and the orientation of uneven test mass in conjunction with the original vibration data of unit according to selected balanced surface;
6) gather the vibration data that increases the weight of under the back balance rotating speed, utilize holographic difference spectrum to make the 3D hologram spectrum of pure test mass;
7) with 4) Changing Pattern of the flex rotor that obtains vibration before and after first critical speed, with 6) data fitting obtained goes out the 3D hologram spectrum of pure test mass under the working speed, and finally obtain the 3D hologram spectrum of 0 ° of the uneven test mass 1000g of unit ∠ under the working speed;
8) by different balance schemes, according to the original unbalance response of respectively measuring face under the working speed, promptly change oval first phase point frequently simultaneously, should become the minute surface symmetric relation with the oval first phase point of counterweight, by angle compensation and radius vector convergent-divergent, ask for the fair-sized and the phase place of each counterweight;
9) add counterweight after, test balancing speed result down, if satisfy the balance requirement, then balance end; Otherwise, repeat above-mentioned steps.
This method is based on holographic spectrum information integration principle and systematology, on the basis that obtains all sensors vibration information on the rotor, the amplitude-frequency phase information of integrated each supporting place vibration, in the mode of 3D hologram spectrum vibration behavior under working speed (being higher than the rotor first critical speed) and the balancing speed (being lower than the rotor first critical speed) is described comprehensively, obtain the Changing Pattern of flex rotor before and after its first critical speed, and with this foundation as low speed balancing.Realize the transient equilibrium of flex rotor under the low speed on this basis.
Flex rotor low speed holographic dynamic balance method provided by the invention has been opened up new thinking for the balance flex rotor, and main innovate point is:
1. flex rotor low speed holographic dynamic balance is based on the 3D hologram analysis of spectrum, merged the multidirectional vibration information of rotor, improved balance quality, fully take into account rotor-bearing system respectively to the equal factor of rigidity, adopted the first phase point that changes the frequency ellipse to characterize magnitude of vibrations and the orientation that rotor is respectively measured the cross section;
2. with the power and the couple decomposition method of holographic spectral technology and vibratory response, obtained flex rotor at the amplitude of the unbalance response of the critical front and back of single order, the Changing Pattern of phase place, with this theoretical foundation as the low speed balancing flex rotor;
3. utilize the approximate separability principle of systematology, rotor is respectively measured the unbalance response of face can be with the in addition balance that increases the weight of respectively of relational balance face;
4. compare the size of rotor power frequency original vibration signal two rank modal responses, determine suitable balance scheme with this: the preferential balance single order of a. amount of unbalance; B. second order amount of unbalance balance simultaneously.
5. counterweight meets the oval rule of phase shift, promptly concerns with the symmetry of the minute surface between 2 first phase points is secondary on the formed ellipse of original vibration and on the formed ellipse of counterweight, is used as seeking the theoretical foundation of optimum balance scheme;
6. adopt two planes to increase the weight of simultaneously, next can realize the balance of flex rotor second-order modal under the working speed to twice test mass cycling start at low speed, reduce test mass cycling start number of times, and reduced the balance risk that traditional modal balancing method requirement is brought in the stop of critical rotary speed place;
7. through behind the flex rotor low speed holographic dynamic balance, can reduce or avoid repeatedly to play the parking balance test down at a high speed, simplify the transient equilibrium process, improve transient equilibrium efficient.
Four, description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the Changing Pattern figure of the phase place of the oval first phase point of pure force unbalance test mass before and after the testing table critical rotor speed with the test mass setting angle.
Fig. 2 calculates synoptic diagram for angle compensation;
Fig. 3 is the experiment table arrangenent diagram;
Fig. 4 is the balance process flow diagram of preferential equilibrant component of the present invention, also is one embodiment of the present of invention; Symbol description among the figure is as follows:
The working speed of Ω--rotor is between first and second rank critical rotary speed of rotor;
ω--balancing speed is lower than the rotor first rank critical rotary speed;
A, B--measure the original unbalance response under the face working speed Ω with rotor left and right sides A, the B two that holographic spectrum first phase point vector characterizes;
The rotor left and right sides A that a, b--characterize with holographic spectrum first phase point vector, the original unbalance response that B two measures under the face balance rotational speed omega;
A
F0, B
F0--original unbalance response A, the B under the working speed Ω decomposes the force unbalance response of gained by holographic spectrum power and couple;
A
C0, B
C0--original unbalance response A, the B under the working speed Ω decomposes the couple unbalance response of gained by holographic spectrum power and couple;
a
F0, b
F0--original unbalance response a, the b under the balancing speed ω decomposes the force unbalance response of gained;
a
C0, b
C0--original unbalance response a, the b under the balancing speed ω decomposes the couple unbalance response of gained;
t
C, t
D--be added in C respectively, D two increases the weight of the test mass on the face;
t
0--be illustrated in the test mass that 0 ° of position of increasing the weight of on the face adds unit mass;
a
t, b
t--add pure force unbalance test mass t under the balancing speed ω
C=t
D, the unbalance response that records;
a
Ft, b
Ft--add the force unbalance response that the unbalance response behind the pure force unbalance test mass decomposes gained under the balancing speed ω;
a
Ct, b
Ct--add the couple unbalance response that the unbalance response behind the pure force unbalance test mass decomposes gained under the balancing speed ω;
A '
t, b '
t--add pure couple unbalance test mass t under the balancing speed ω
C=-t
D, the unbalance response that records;
A '
Ft, b '
Ft--add the force unbalance response that the unbalance response behind the pure couple unbalance test mass decomposes gained under the balancing speed ω;
A '
Ct, b '
Ct--add the couple unbalance response that the unbalance response behind the pure couple unbalance test mass decomposes gained under the balancing speed ω;
δ
f--force component is in the phase change of critical front and back;
r
f--force component is at the first phase point radius vector ratio of critical front and back;
δ
c--the couple component is in the phase change of critical front and back;
r
c--the couple component is at the first phase point radius vector ratio of critical front and back;
i
At, i
Bt--under the balancing speed ω, add pure force unbalance test mass t
C=t
DThe time, pure test mass is in two responses of measuring face;
i
At0, i
Bt0--under the balancing speed ω, when add pure force unbalance test mass be the test mass t of unit
0The time, the pure test mass t of unit
0In two responses of measuring face;
I
At0, I
Bt0--simulate under the working speed Ω, when add pure force unbalance test mass be the test mass t of unit
0The time, the pure test mass t of unit
0In two responses of measuring face;
I '
At, i '
Bt--under the balancing speed ω, add pure couple unbalance test mass t
C=-t
DThe time, pure test mass is in two responses of measuring face;
I '
At0, i '
Bt0--under the balancing speed ω, when add pure couple unbalance test mass be the test mass t of unit
0The time, the uneven test mass t of pure unit couple
0In two responses of measuring face;
I '
At0, I '
Bt0--simulate under the working speed Ω, when add pure couple unbalance test mass be the test mass t of unit
0The time, the uneven test mass t of pure unit couple
0In two responses of measuring face;
p
f--the counterweight of equilibrant component;
p
c--the counterweight of equilibrant even component;
P
C, P
D--C under the working speed Ω, the counterweight on D two sides.
Fig. 5 is the 3D hologram spectral factorization synoptic diagram of original vibration under working speed Ω=3600rpm, wherein (a) original vibration 3D hologram spectrum; (b) compose for the 3D hologram of the force component of gained after the decomposition; (c) compose for the 3D hologram of the couple component of gained after the decomposition;
Fig. 6 is the original vibration 3D hologram spectrum of the 3D hologram spectral factorization synoptic diagram (a) of original vibration under balancing speed ω=1900rpm; (b) compose for the 3D hologram of the force component (single order modal response) of gained after the decomposition; (c) compose for the 3D hologram of the couple component (second-order modal response) of gained after the decomposition;
Fig. 7 utilizes holographic difference spectrum technology, obtains the 3D hologram spectrum of pure force unbalance test mass response under the working speed;
Fig. 8 records balance figure as a result under Ω=3600rpm, wherein the residual oscillation under the ellipse representation working speed of heavy line formation; Original vibration under the ellipse representation working speed that fine line forms.
Fig. 9 be under 1900rpm with after the conventional rigid rotor low speed balancing method balance, the rotor raising speed is to the ruined again synoptic diagram of 3600rpm back balance, the commentaries on classics that fine line shown in the figure forms is the residual oscillation behind the ellipse representation tradition low speed balancing frequently; The residual oscillation of the holographic balance method of the employing flex rotor low speed under the ellipse representation working speed that heavy line forms.
Figure 10 is one, second order amount of unbalance balance process flow diagram simultaneously, also is an alternative embodiment of the invention; The same Fig. 4 of symbol among the figure;
Figure 11 is the original vibration 3D hologram spectrum of the 3D hologram spectral factorization synoptic diagram (a) of original vibration under working speed Ω=4600rpm; (b) compose for the 3D hologram of the force component of gained after the decomposition; (c) compose for the 3D hologram of the couple component of gained after the decomposition;
Figure 12 utilizes holographic difference spectrum technology, obtains the 3D hologram spectrum of the pure couple unbalance test mass response of working speed;
Figure 13 is the balance 3D hologram spectrum as a result after the synthetic counterweight, the residual oscillation under the ellipse representation working speed that heavy line forms among the figure; Original vibration under the ellipse representation working speed that fine line forms.
Five, embodiment
For a more clear understanding of the present invention, the embodiment that provides below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and inventor is described in further detail.
According to technical scheme of the present invention, flex rotor low speed holographic dynamic balance method of the present invention, be different from traditional rigid rotator low speed balancing method, at first gather fault unit data, utilize holographic spectral technology to make a definite diagnosis the fault type that unit is in operation, with the commentaries on classics of rotor imbalance and other type frequently fault correctly make a distinction.If unit is to take fault as the leading factor with imbalance, then, selects balanced surface, and the data of gathering are carried out the normalization pre-service with key signal according to the vibration situation and the field balancing condition of fault machine group rotor; Comprise following concrete steps:
1. utilize holographic spectral technology, can accurately obtain amplitude, frequency, the phase place of each sensor pickoff signals, the 3D hologram that making rotor changes under the frequency is composed; Characterize the vibration that rotor is respectively measured the cross section with changeing oval frequently first phase point; With the 3D hologram spectral factorization is force unbalance and couple unbalance;
2. record unit stopping process data are made Bode figure and are lower than the critical balancing speed of rotor single order to choose;
3. with rotor power frequency original vibration signal, power and the couple component of making the 3D hologram spectrum decompose, the corresponding single order modal response of force component, the corresponding second-order modal response of couple component.Relatively the size of this two rank modal response is determined balance scheme according to comparative result: the preferential equilibrant component of a., i.e. single order amount of unbalance; B. second order amount of unbalance balance simultaneously.
4. with the vibration data under working speed (being higher than the rotor first critical speed) and the balancing speed (being lower than the rotor first critical speed), utilize holographic spectral technology to handle, obtain the Changing Pattern of flex rotor before and after its first critical speed, particularly the force unbalance response is at the phase overturn and the radius vector convergent-divergent of critical front and back first phase point;
Fig. 1 is for before and after the testing table critical rotor speed: get 1900rpm and 3600rpm, the phase place of the oval first phase point of pure force unbalance test mass is with the variation of test mass setting angle.Explanation is for same measurement face, unbalance mass, position where go rotor no matter, and the phase place of its first phase point approximately equalised angle of all overturning in the critical rotary speed front and back, but less than 180 ° of theoretical analysis flip angles, reason is the influence that is subjected to damping due to rotation.
5. according to selected balanced surface,, determine to add the size and the orientation of uneven test mass in conjunction with the original vibration data of unit;
6. gather the vibration data that increases the weight of under the back balance rotating speed, utilize holographic difference spectrum to make the 3D hologram spectrum of pure test mass;
7. the flex rotor that obtains with (5) vibrates the Changing Pattern before and after first critical speed, the data fitting of obtaining with (7) goes out the 3D hologram spectrum of pure test mass under the working speed, and finally obtains the two-sided 3D hologram spectrum that adds 0 ° of the uneven test mass 1000g ∠ of unit under the working speed;
8. according to the original unbalance response of respectively measuring face under the working speed, promptly change oval first phase point frequently, should become the minute surface symmetric relation,, ask for the fair-sized and the phase place of each counterweight by angle compensation and radius vector convergent-divergent with the oval first phase point of counterweight;
Fig. 2 calculates synoptic diagram for angle compensation.If first phase point is moved past the δ angle on the ellipse frequently in commentaries on classics, then the rotor test mass moves past the ω angle, generally speaking, and δ ≠ ω.
9. after adding counterweight, the result under the test balancing speed, if satisfy the balance requirement, then balance finishes; Otherwise, repeat above-mentioned steps.
The present invention repeatedly verifies on the rotor experiment table of production scene unit and this research institute.Experiment table arranges that as shown in Figure 31,2 are two current vortex sensors that measurement axis is shaken near each 45 ° of layout about the A bearing among Fig. 3; 3,4 are two current vortex sensors that measurement axis is shaken near each 45 ° of layout about the B bearing; 5 are arranged horizontally the current vortex sensor of measuring key signal; C, D are two and increase the weight of dish; To the rotor free end, rotor counterclockwise rotates from motor side, passes through the Y direction sensor again through the directions X sensor earlier.Test mass increases the weight of the angle on the rotating disk, by calculating from the counterclockwise rotation direction of keyway.
The balance target: adopt flex rotor low speed holographic dynamic balance method, balance working speed Ω (between first and second rank critical rotary speed of rotor) is the original imbalance of experiment table down.
In order to test needs, can add test mass, artificially increase original imbalance, and the vibration after will increasing the weight of is as original vibration.
Embodiment:
Balance scheme one: preferential equilibrant component
The balance flow process of preferential equilibrant component specifies as follows as shown in Figure 4:
1. Fundamentals of Measurement data working rotor rotating speed is got Ω=3600rpm, measures the vibration under the working speed before shutting down; Experiment obtains the Bode figure of rotor stopping process, and choosing ω=1900rpm is to be lower than the critical balancing speed of rotor single order; The vibration of experiments of measuring platform under the jiggering state be as jerk value, and the axle value of shaking must be deducted this original jerk value; Rotor original vibration (sample frequency 2kHz, filtering 1kHz, sampling number 2048) when measuring ω=1900rpm;
2. after vibration data deducts original beating, make the 3D hologram spectrum, obtain the first phase point; Simultaneously, power and the couple component that carries out the 3D hologram spectrum decomposes (as Fig. 5,6); Fig. 5 is that the original vibration 3D hologram of 3D hologram spectral factorization synoptic diagram (a) that original vibration deducts after beating under working speed Ω=3600rpm is composed; (b) compose for the 3D hologram of the force component of gained after the decomposition; (c) compose for the 3D hologram of the couple component of gained after the decomposition;
Fig. 6 is that the original vibration 3D hologram of 3D hologram spectral factorization synoptic diagram (a) that original vibration deducts after beating under balancing speed ω=1900rpm is composed; (b) compose for the 3D hologram of the force component (single order modal response) of gained after the decomposition; (c) compose for the 3D hologram of the couple component (second-order modal response) of gained after the decomposition;
3. the 3D hologram spectral factorization result of original vibration shows that original vibration is taken as the leading factor with force unbalance under the working speed, therefore determines to use balance scheme one, preferential equilibrant component.
4. measure ω=1900rpm test mass data, two are increased the weight of to coil C, D and all add test mass 1.0g at 270 °; Utilize holographic difference spectrum technology, obtain the 3D hologram spectrum of pure test mass response, and the first phase point of pure test mass response, as shown in Figure 7; (above measurement data sees Table one)
Table one (unit: mv ∠ °)
| The first phase point | Original vibration | Force component | The couple component | |||
| The A face | The B face | The A face | The B face | The A face | The B face | |
| The original vibration of 3600rpm | 79.9∠58.2° | 105.6∠46.4° | 92.2∠51.5° | 92.2∠51.5° | 15.9∠195.6° | 15.9∠15.6° |
| The original vibration of 1900rpm | 39.2∠191.8° | 36.1∠208.1° | 37.3∠199.6° | 37.3∠199.6° | 5.6∠126.2° | 5.6∠306.2° |
| The pure power test mass response of 1900rpm | 56.7∠199.9° | 61.5∠201.4° | 59.1∠200.6° | 59.1∠200.6° | 2.5∠38.8° | 2.5∠218.8° |
(annotate: all vibration vectors are the holography spectrum parameter-oval first phase point vector of commentaries on classics frequency after the holographic conversion)
5. utilize Fig. 5 b and Fig. 6 b to find the solution the phase change of force component in critical front and back: δ
f=-148.1 °; Find the solution the first phase point radius vector ratio of force component in critical front and back: r
f=2.472;
According to process flow diagram and 4,5 gained data, the two-sided response that adds 270 ° of pure force unbalance 1.0g ∠ when simulating Ω=3600rpm, A face: 52.5 ° of 140.1mv ∠; B face: 53.3 ° of 152.0mv ∠; Than one, the second order amount of unbalance method of balance simultaneously owing to do not carry out the two-sided test that adds pure couple unbalance test mass, reduce by a test mass cycling start;
6. behind the angle compensation, obtain the response of 0 ° of the test mass 1.0g ∠ of unit (annotate: experiment table is the unit test mass with 1.0g); Utilize the approximate separability principle of systematology, rotor is respectively measured the unbalance response of face can be with the in addition balance that increases the weight of respectively of relational balance face; Original vibration A face during with working speed Ω=3600rpm: 58.2 ° of 79.9mv ∠ and B face: 46.4 ° of 105.6mv ∠ are as the balance object, principle by the phase shift ellipse, counterbalance effect the best when test mass is added on the mirror image symmetric position of original uneven first phase point obtains calculated equilibrium counterweight C face: P
C93.1 ° of=0.57g ∠; D face: P
D75.3 ° of=0.69g ∠.
7. as shown in Figure 8, counterbalance effect is better for balance result (recording under Ω=3600rpm).Residual oscillation under the ellipse representation working speed that heavy line forms among Fig. 8; Original vibration under the ellipse representation working speed that fine line forms.
8. after usefulness conventional rigid rotor low speed balancing method balance under 1900rpm, the rotor raising speed is destroyed again to the 3600rpm back balance.
As shown in Figure 9, the residual oscillation behind the commentaries on classics frequency ellipse representation tradition low speed balancing of fine line formation; The residual oscillation of the holographic balance method of the employing flex rotor low speed under the ellipse representation working speed that heavy line forms.The holographic balance method of comparative illustration flex rotor low speed has bigger advantage than classic method.
Balance scheme two: one, second order amount of unbalance be balance simultaneously
In order to test needs, increasing the working rotor rotating speed is 4600rpm, add that simultaneously test mass changes original imbalance, and the vibration after will increasing the weight of is as original vibration.
One, the balance flow process of second order amount of unbalance while balance specifies as follows as shown in figure 10:
3. the 3D hologram spectral factorization result of original vibration shows under the working speed, and second-order modal response (couple unbalance) is very big, therefore must use balance scheme two, balance one second order amount of unbalance simultaneously.
4. with scheme 1, measure ω=1900rpm test mass data, two are increased the weight of to coil C, D and all add test mass 1.0g at 270 °; Utilize holographic difference spectrum technology, obtain the 3D hologram spectrum of pure power test mass response, and the first phase point of pure power test mass response;
5. measure ω=1900rpm test mass data, two are increased the weight of to coil C, D and add test mass 1.0g (couple unbalance test mass) at 45 ° and 225 ° respectively; Utilize holographic difference spectrum technology, obtain the 3D hologram spectrum of pure couple test mass response, and the first phase point of pure couple test mass response, as shown in figure 12; (above measurement data sees Table two)
Table two (unit: mv ∠ °)
| The first phase point | Original vibration | Force component | The couple component | |||
| The A face | The B face | The A face | The B face | The A face | The B face | |
| The original vibration of 4600rpm | 25.7∠155.1° | 70.8∠27.6° | 29.4∠47.9° | 29.4∠47.9° | 44.4∠194.3° | 44.4∠14.3° |
| The original vibration of 1900rpm | 28.9∠190.9° | 11.4∠200.5° | 20.1∠193.6° | 20.1∠193.6° | 8.9∠184.7° | 8.9∠4.7° |
| The pure power test mass response of 1900rpm | 56.7∠199.9° | 61.5∠201.4° | 59.1∠200.6° | 59.1∠200.6° | 2.5∠38.8° | 2.5∠218.8° |
| The pure couple test mass response of 1900rpm | 18.2∠-19.3° | 17.9∠177.6° | 2.7∠-96.9° | 2.7∠-96.9° | 17.8∠349.1° | 17.8∠169.1° |
6. with scheme one, find the solution force component in critical front and back (Ω=4600rpm, phase change and first phase point radius vector ratio: the δ of ω=1900rpm)
f=-145.7 °; r
f=1.47.
7. find the solution phase change and first phase point radius vector ratio: the δ of couple component in critical front and back
c=9.6 °; r
c=5.0.
8. the original vibration A face during with working speed Ω=4600rpm: 155.1 ° of 25.7mv ∠ and B face: 27.6 ° of 70.8mv ∠ are decomposed into 194.3 ° of 47.9 ° of force component 29.4mv ∠ and couple component 44.4mv ∠, respectively balance in addition.By the principle of phase shift ellipse, counterbalance effect the best when test mass is added on the mirror image symmetric position of original uneven first phase point, acquisition force component counterweight C face: 79.5 ° of 0.34g ∠; D face: 79.5 ° of 0.34g ∠; Couple component counterweight C face: 113.0 ° of 0.90g ∠; D face: 293.0 ° of 0.90g ∠.
9. synthetic counterweight C face: P
C104.0 ° of=1.19g ∠; D face: P
D280.9 ° of=0.57g ∠.Actual counterweight C face: 90.0 ° of 1.2g ∠; D face: 270.0 ° of 0.6g ∠.As shown in figure 13, counterbalance effect is better for balance result's (recording under Ω=4600rpm).Residual oscillation under the ellipse representation working speed that heavy line forms among Figure 13; Original vibration under the ellipse representation working speed that fine line forms.
Claims (3)
1. flex rotor low speed holographic dynamic balance method is different from traditional rigid rotator low speed balancing method, it is characterized in that:
1) utilizes holographic spectral technology, accurately obtain amplitude, frequency, the phase place of each sensor pickoff signals, make two-dimension holographic spectrum of each data acquisition face and the 3D hologram spectrum under the rotor commentaries on classics frequently; Characterize the vibration that rotor is respectively measured the cross section with changeing oval frequently first phase point;
2) record unit stopping process data are made Bode figure and are lower than the critical balancing speed of rotor single order to choose;
3) with rotor power frequency original vibration signal, power and the couple component of making the 3D hologram spectrum decompose, the corresponding single order modal response of force component, the corresponding second-order modal response of couple component, the size that compares this two rank modal response, determine balance scheme according to comparative result: the preferential equilibrant component of a., i.e. single order amount of unbalance; B. one, second order amount of unbalance balance simultaneously;
4) will be higher than the working speed of rotor first critical speed and be lower than vibration data under the balancing speed of rotor first critical speed, utilize holographic spectral technology to handle, obtain the Changing Pattern of flex rotor before and after its first critical speed, and unbalance response is at the phase overturn and the radius vector convergent-divergent of critical front and back first phase point;
5),, determine to add the size and the orientation of uneven test mass in conjunction with the original vibration data of unit according to selected balanced surface;
6) gather the vibration data that increases the weight of under the back balance rotating speed, utilize holographic difference spectrum to make the 3D hologram spectrum of pure test mass;
7) with 4) Changing Pattern of the flex rotor that obtains vibration before and after first critical speed, with 6) data fitting obtained goes out the 3D hologram spectrum of pure test mass under the working speed, and finally obtain the 3D hologram spectrum of 0 ° of the uneven test mass 1000g of unit ∠ under the working speed;
8) by different balance schemes, according to the original unbalance response of respectively measuring face under the working speed, promptly change oval first phase point frequently simultaneously, should become the minute surface symmetric relation with the oval first phase point of counterweight, by angle compensation and radius vector convergent-divergent, ask for the fair-sized and the phase place of each counterweight;
9) add counterweight after, test balancing speed result down, if satisfy the balance requirement, then balance end; Otherwise, repeat above-mentioned steps.
2. flex rotor low speed holographic dynamic balance method according to claim 1 is characterized in that the method for described preferential equilibrant component is:
1) Fundamentals of Measurement data
Measure the vibration under the working speed before shutting down; Experiment obtains the Bode figure of rotor stopping process, chooses to be lower than the critical balancing speed of rotor single order;
2) after vibration data deducts original beating, make the 3D hologram spectrum, obtain original vibration first phase point; Simultaneously, power and the couple component that carries out the 3D hologram spectrum decomposes;
3) the 3D hologram spectral factorization result of original vibration shows that original vibration is taken as the leading factor with force unbalance under the working speed, preferential equilibrant component;
4) measurement adds the response of two-sided pure force unbalance test mass under balancing speed;
5) find the solution the phase change of force component, find the solution the first phase point radius vector ratio of force component in critical front and back in critical front and back; Simulate the two-sided response of pure force unbalance test mass under working speed that add; Than one, the second order amount of unbalance method of balance simultaneously, reduce the test mass cycling start that once adds two-sided pure couple unbalance;
6) behind the angle compensation, obtain the response under the unit pure force unbalance test mass working speed; Utilize the approximate separability principle of systematology, rotor is respectively measured the unbalance response of face can be with the in addition balance that increases the weight of respectively of relational balance face; With the original vibration of working speed as the balance object, by the principle of phase shift ellipse, counterbalance effect the best when two-sided test mass is added on the mirror image symmetric position of original uneven first phase point respectively, acquisition calculated equilibrium counterweight;
7) balance obtains the result.
3. flex rotor low speed holographic dynamic balance method according to claim 1 is characterized in that, described one, the second order amount of unbalance method of balance simultaneously is:
1) Fundamentals of Measurement data
Measure the vibration under the working speed before shutting down; Experiment obtains the Bode figure of rotor stopping process, chooses to be lower than the critical balancing speed of rotor single order;
2) after vibration data deducts original beating, make the 3D hologram spectrum, obtain original vibration first phase point; Simultaneously, power and the couple component that carries out the 3D hologram spectrum decomposes;
3) the 3D hologram spectral factorization result of original vibration under the working speed, if the second-order modal response is very big, while balance one, second order amount of unbalance;
4) find the solution force component and couple component phase change, find the solution force component and couple component first phase point radius vector ratio in critical front and back in critical front and back;
5) measurement adds the response of two-sided pure force unbalance test mass under balancing speed; Measurement adds the response of two-sided pure couple unbalance test mass under balancing speed;
6) obtain phase change and the first phase point radius vector ratio of force component in critical front and back; Obtain phase change and the first phase point radius vector ratio of couple component in critical front and back;
7) original vibration A face and the B face with working speed is decomposed into force component and couple component, balance respectively in addition, by the principle of phase shift ellipse, counterbalance effect the best when test mass is added on the mirror image symmetric position of original uneven first phase point, the counterweight of acquisition force component; The counterweight of couple component;
8) composite force component and the counterweight of couple component obtain the balance result.
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