Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, there is a need for a method for correcting dynamic balance of a rotor, which is more efficient, simpler to operate and less expensive, and which includes the following steps:
rotating the rotor to a rotation speed omega, and measuring a first vibration amplitude A1;
Stopping rotating the rotor, providing a first balancing weight, wherein the weight of the first balancing weight is m, a standard line is arranged on the cross section of the rotor, the standard line is a radius line passing through the center of a circle of a vertical line of the center of the rotor, the first balancing weight is arranged at a first position of the rotor, the clockwise angle between the connecting line of the first position and the center of the rotor and the standard line is 0 degree, and the distance between the first position and the center of the rotor is r;
rotating the rotor to the rotation speed omega, and measuring a second vibration amplitude A2;
Stopping the rotor from rotating, and detaching the first balancing weight;
providing a second balancing weight, wherein the weight of the second balancing weight is m, and the second balancing weight is arranged at a second position of the rotor, and the second position is arranged symmetrically to the circle center of the rotor at the first position;
rotating the rotor to the rotation speed omega, and measuring a third vibration amplitude A3;
Stopping the rotor from rotating, and detaching the second balancing weight;
calculating the mass α of the required balancing weight and a third position of the balancing weight required to be installed on the rotor by the following formula, wherein the clockwise angle between the connecting line of the third position and the center of the rotor and the standard line is gamma degrees, and the distance between the third position and the center of the rotor is r:
α and γ satisfy the following equations, respectively:
and providing a third balancing weight with the mass of α, and arranging the third balancing weight on a third position of the rotor to adjust the dynamic balance of the rotor.
Providing a third weight block with a mass of α, mounting the third weight block at a third position of the rotor, wherein the step of adjusting the dynamic balance of the rotor comprises:
setting an allowable vibration amplitude A of the rotor vibration0;
Mounting the balancing weight on the rotor at one of the two solved angles gamma, and obtaining a fourth vibration amplitude A when the rotor rotates to the rotating speed omega4When the fourth vibration amplitude A is4Not greater than the allowable vibration amplitude A0When the correction is finished, the correction is finished; otherwise, the balancing weight is installed on the rotor at the other angle of the two solved angles gamma to perform dynamic balance correction on the rotor.
Setting an allowable vibration amplitude A of the rotor0When the first vibration amplitude A1Less than the allowable vibration amplitude A0The dynamic balance of the rotor does not need to be corrected.
An automation device comprises a main shaft and a rotor fixed on the main shaft, wherein the main shaft rotates to drive the rotor to move, and the dynamic balance of the rotor is adjusted by the rotor dynamic balance correction method.
The automatic equipment further comprises a rotating mechanism, the rotating mechanism comprises a driving piece, the rotor, the main shaft, a bearing, a balancing weight and a bearing seat, the bearing outer ring is fixed inside the bearing seat, the main shaft sleeve is arranged in the bearing inner ring, the rotor is connected with the main shaft outside the bearing seat, the driving piece drives the main shaft to rotate, the main shaft drives the rotor to rotate, and the balancing weight is installed on the rotor.
The cross section of the rotor is provided with a standard line and a plurality of rotor holes, the standard line is a radius line passing through the center of a circle of a vertical line of the center of the rotor, the standard line is provided with one rotor hole, the rotor holes are uniformly distributed on the cross section of the rotor at the same angle, the distances from the rotor holes to the center of the rotor are the same, the rotor holes are threaded holes, the counterweight block is provided with threaded screws, and the counterweight block is arranged on the rotor holes through the threaded screws.
The automatic equipment further comprises a data analysis mechanism, the data analysis mechanism is used for processing the data of the rotating mechanism and comprises a sensor, a collection card and a processor, and the sensor measures the first vibration amplitude A of the rotor by the rotor dynamic balance correction method1A second vibration amplitude A2And a third vibration amplitude A3The acquisition card is connected with the sensor and used for acquiring vibration signals measured by the sensor, the processor is connected with the acquisition card and analyzes the signal data acquired by the acquisition card by the rotor dynamic balance correction method.
Compared with the prior art, the method provided by the invention has the advantages that the actual correction angle required by correction is found by putting the balancing weight into the first position and the second position, the final required position is found by trying the actual correction angle, the steps of rotor dynamic balance correction are simplified, the correction process is accelerated, the method is wide in applicability, simple in process, beneficial to implementation, simple and easy to operate, and more convenient and faster.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is apparent that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be obtained by a person skilled in the art without any inventive step based on the embodiments of the present invention, are within the scope of the present invention.
It will be understood that when an element is referred to as being "secured to" another element, it can be directly on the other element or intervening elements may also be present. When a component is referred to as being "connected" to another component, it can be directly connected to the other component or intervening components may also be present. When a component is referred to as being "disposed on" another component, it can be directly on the other component or intervening components may also be present. The terms "vertical," "horizontal," "left," "right," and the like as used herein are for illustrative purposes only.
Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs. The terminology used herein in the description of the invention is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the invention. As used herein, the term "or/and" includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.
Some embodiments of the invention are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. In the following embodiments, features of the embodiments may be combined with each other without conflict.
Referring to fig. 1 and fig. 2, an embodiment of a rotor dynamic balance calibration method according to the present invention is applied to an automation apparatus 100, and the automation apparatus 100 includes a rotation mechanism 10 and a data analysis mechanism 20. The rotating mechanism 10 includes a driving member 11, a rotor 12, a main shaft 13, a bearing 14, a weight 15, and a bearing seat 16. The outer ring of the bearing 14 is fixed inside the bearing seat 16, the main shaft 13 is sleeved in the inner ring of the bearing 14, the rotor 12 is connected with the main shaft 13 outside the bearing seat 16, the driving piece 11 drives the main shaft 13 to rotate, and the main shaft 13 drives the rotor 12 to rotate. Be equipped with a plurality of rotor holes 121 on the cross section of rotor 12, a plurality of rotor holes 121 use same angle evenly distributed on the cross section of rotor 12, and a plurality of rotor holes 121 are the same apart from the centre of a circle distance of rotor 12, and rotor hole 121 is the screw hole, and counter weight 12 piece is equipped with screw 151, and counter weight 15 passes through screw 151 and installs on rotor hole 121.
The data analysis mechanism 20 includes a sensor 21, the sensor 21 is installed on the outer surface of the bearing housing 16 near the rotor 12, and the sensor 21 is used for measuring vibration data of the rotor 12. The data analysis mechanism 20 further includes an acquisition card 22 and a processor 23, the acquisition card 22 is connected to the sensor 21, the acquisition card 22 is used for acquiring the vibration signal measured by the sensor 21, the processor 23 is connected to the acquisition card 22, and the processor 23 is used for analyzing the signal data acquired by the acquisition card 22.
Referring to fig. 3, the objective of the rotor dynamic balance calibration method is to obtain the required mass of the weight block 15 and the installation position of the weight block 15 on the rotor 12, the rotor dynamic balance calibration method includes the following steps:
step 1, a sensor 21 is installed on the outer surface of the bearing housing 16 near the rotor 12.
Step 2, rotating the
rotor 12 to the rotation speed omega, and measuring a first vibration amplitude A by the
sensor 21
1In the initial state, the
rotor 12 presents a first unbalanced mass α, a first unbalanced mass α and a first vibration amplitude a
1Can be expressed by a coefficient k (for simplicity, will be described)
As noted at α):
step 3, setting the allowable vibration amplitude A of the rotor 120When the first vibration amplitude A1Less than the allowable vibration amplitude A0And if the dynamic balance of the rotor does not need to be corrected, ending the step 4 if the dynamic balance of the rotor does not need to be corrected.
If the first unbalance mass α calculated by the processor 23 is smaller than the allowable unbalance mass m0Indicating that the rotor 12 is not to be corrected and that the rotor 12 is in normal use if the first unbalance mass α calculated by the processor 23 is greater than the allowable unbalance mass m0It indicates that the rotor 12 needs to be corrected.
Step 4, stopping the rotation of the rotor 12, adding a counterweight 15 with a weight of m at a first position of the rotor 12 (on a rotor hole 121 with an angle of 0 degrees with a vertical line passing through the center of the rotor 12, namely, the topmost rotor hole 121 on the vertical line of the center of the rotor 12 and a radius r away from the center of the circle), starting the rotor 12 again to the rotation speed ω, and measuring a second vibration amplitude a by the sensor 212。
After the addition of the
clump weight 15, the
rotor 12 generates a second unbalanced mass β
1Second unbalanced mass β
1And a second vibration amplitude A
2Can be expressed by the same coefficient k (for simplicity)Will be
Is recorded as β
1):
Step 5, stopping the rotation of the rotor 12, removing the weight 15 at the first position, adding the weight 15 with the weight of m at the second position of the rotor 12 (on the rotor hole 121 with the angle of 180 degrees with the vertical line passing through the center of the rotor 12, namely, on the rotor hole 121 at the bottom end on the vertical line of the center of the rotor 12 and with the radius r away from the center of the circle), starting the rotor 12 again to the rotation speed ω, and measuring a third vibration amplitude A by the sensor 213。
After the addition of the
clump weight 15, the
rotor 12 generates a third unbalanced mass β
2Third unbalanced mass β
2And a third vibration amplitude A
3The relationship (c) can be expressed by the same coefficient k (for simplicity, will be described)
Is recorded as β
2):
Step 6, the processor 23 passes the first vibration amplitude A1A second vibration amplitude A2Third vibration amplitude A3And the weight m of the counterweight 15, obtaining the coefficient k, the first unbalance mass A1And the angle theta at which the first imbalance mass α is located on the rotor 12.
Referring to fig. 4A, fig. 4B and fig. 4C, by applying the principle of vector synthesis and decomposition, the following can be obtained:
equation 1 can thus be obtained:
equation 2:
equation 3:
computing vectors
And
can yield equation 4:
equation 5:
equation 6:
from equations 5 and 6, equation 7 can be obtained:
by using the equations 4 and 7, the coefficient k can be obtained, and the derivation and simplification steps are as follows:
by the factor k, the first unbalance mass α and the angle θ at which the first unbalance mass is located can be found:
α=A1/k
the calculated unbalanced mass α is the mass of the desired clump weight 15, and the calculated angle θ at which the unbalanced mass lies is the position of the rotor unbalanced mass on the rotor 12.
Obviously, since the unbalance angle can take values over the entire circumferential range [0, 360 ° ], two angles θ can be found, one of which is the correct angle at which the unbalance mass lies.
Since the solved unbalanced angle θ of the rotor 12 has two values, accordingly, the clockwise angle γ between the connection line of the third position of the counterweight 15 to be installed on the rotor 12 and the center of the rotor and the standard line also has two values, and the angle γ satisfies:
the angle gamma has two actual correction angle values gamma corresponding to the two angles theta1And gamma2。
Step 7, detaching the balancing weight 15 with mass m at the second position, and actually correctingPositive angle gamma1Adding a balancing weight 15 with the mass of α, starting the rotor 12 to the rotating speed omega, and measuring a fourth vibration amplitude A by a sensor 214。
Step 8, the processor 23 determines the fourth vibration amplitude a4And allowable vibration amplitude A0If the fourth vibration amplitude A4Less than or equal to the allowable vibration amplitude A0Then the correction of the dynamic balance of the rotor 12 has been completed, otherwise step 9 is entered.
Step 9, if the fourth vibration amplitude A4Greater than the allowable vibration amplitude A0Then at the actual correction angle γ2A weight 15 having a mass of α is mounted on the rotor 12.
In an embodiment, step 9 may be followed by the steps of: at the actual correction angle gamma2When the weight 15 with the mass α is added, the rotor 12 is started to rotate at the speed omega, and the sensor 21 measures the fifth vibration amplitude A5And the processor 23 judges the fifth vibration amplitude A5And allowable vibration amplitude A0The size of (2). When the fifth vibration amplitude A5Greater than the allowable vibration amplitude A0And checking the steps and re-correcting.
Compared with the prior art, the method provided by the invention has the advantages that the required actual correction angle is found by putting the balancing weight 15 into the first position and the second position, the final required position is found by trying the actual correction angle, the steps of the dynamic balance correction of the rotor are simplified, the correction process is accelerated, the method is wide in applicability, simple in process, beneficial to implementation, simple and easy to operate, and more convenient and faster.
Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes may be made and equivalents may be substituted without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Those skilled in the art can also make other changes and the like in the design of the present invention within the spirit of the present invention as long as they do not depart from the technical effects of the present invention. Such variations are intended to be included within the scope of the invention as claimed.