CN1202046C - Method for preparing siliceous fertilizer by using dregs of sodium sulphide and its application - Google Patents
Method for preparing siliceous fertilizer by using dregs of sodium sulphide and its application Download PDFInfo
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- CN1202046C CN1202046C CN 03106905 CN03106905A CN1202046C CN 1202046 C CN1202046 C CN 1202046C CN 03106905 CN03106905 CN 03106905 CN 03106905 A CN03106905 A CN 03106905A CN 1202046 C CN1202046 C CN 1202046C
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a method for preparing a siliceous fertilizer by using dregs of alcali sulphide and the application of the siliceous fertilizer. Vulcanizing alcali dregs and weathered coal are respectively processed powder, then water is respectively added to the two kinds of powder to prepare slurry, the vulcanizing alcali dreg slurry is added to a reaction vessel to raise temperature, weathered coal slurry is gradually added to be mixed under the condition of continuous stir, and the ph value is from 5 to 7; the reactant slurry is placed in a storing tank, and a granular fertilizer is prepared by steam drying, sieving and granulating. The siliceous fertilizer is used as a base fertilizer of silicon-favoring crops, and more than 40 kinds of crops such as paddy rice, wheat, maize, sugarcane, tobacco, cotton, peanut, soybean, sweet potatoes, fruit trees, tomatoes, etc., can fertilize the siliceous fertilizer. The present invention and other similar products have difference that the siliceous fertilizer is a neutral meta-acid product, and is easy to be used in alkaline soil, and the siliceous fertilizer has the function that alkaline land can be improved. By the test of the field experiment of the alkaline land of paddy rice, the yield per mou of the paddy rice reaches 680kg by using the siliceous fertilizer prepared from 20kg of vulcanizing alcali dregs, the yield is increased by 161%, and the rate of emergence of seedlings is 100%.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of method and application for preparing siliceous fertilizer with the sulfuration alkaline residue, especially in paddy rice, use
Background technology
Produce the most coal reduction thenardites that adopt of Sodium Sulphide.There is very serious deslagging (one of three wastes) problem in this method.
Maximum waste residue amount in Sodium Sulphide production is to come from Coal powder spray, the water-insoluble in the raw material.Water-insoluble in the thenardite, main component are silicon-dioxide and small amounts iron, calcium oxide and magnesium oxide.Its chemical ingredients of ash in the coal dust is: silicon-dioxide, aluminum oxide, sulphur trioxide, Indian red, calcium oxide, magnesium oxide, titanium dioxide, potassium oxide, sodium oxide etc.The 5.9%-18% that total ash in the coal accounts for coal in kind (butt) does not wait.All these water-insolubles are finally transferred in the Sodium Sulphide body refuse, are black sulfide when slagging tap, and alkalescence is very strong, produce 1.6 tons of one ton of Sodium Sulphide deslagginves, and alkaline residue institute to vegetation does not give birth to, and is to be that the alkaline residue pH value is at 11-12.Therefore, the strong basicity that causes of Sodium Sulphide waste residue and become public hazards.
By to the sulfuration alkaline residue the total analysis identification: the sulfuration alkaline residue the composition main component be the water-insoluble of salt such as Calucium Silicate powder, sodium, magnesium, iron, be a kind of solubility in citric acid siliceous fertilizer resource.Adding industrial slags such as calcium with ironmaking, refining phosphorus, flyash has similarity, and the alkalescence of different is sulfuration alkaline residue is very strong, is difficult to the usefulness that general farm crop are accepted as fertilizer.
Traditional siliceous fertilizer is a kind of little alkali, solubility in citric acid product, is insoluble in water, mostly is that slag, refining phosphorus waste residue, flyash add calcium slag or siliceous, calcium, the direct abrasive dust packing of magnesium industry waste residue forms.General siliceous fertilizer is comparatively extensive, and every mu of amount of application is up to the 150-220 kilogram, and consumption is big, is difficult to promote.At present China exists large-area scarce tripoli earth, annually needs ten thousand tons of siliceous fertilizer 3000-5000, and China has only 1,000,000 tons of throughput at present, thereby the exploitation of siliceous fertilizer, produces and have huge market potential.
The present invention passes through Sodium Sulphide and organic acid reaction in through a large amount of experimental study for many years, free alkali alkalescence in the Sodium Sulphide is removed, and become the soluble metal salt, will become the useful silicon of plant, calcium, fertiliser containing magnesium, little fertilizer, potash fertilizer, sulfur fertilizer and water soluble organic substance.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is, the method and the application that prepare siliceous fertilizer with the sulfuration alkaline residue of development, be that sulfuration alkaline residue and weathered coal are processed into powder respectively, add water then respectively and be mixed with slurry, to vulcanize the alkaline residue slurry adds in the reactor, heat up, under constantly stirring, add the weathered coal slurry gradually and mix, make PH5-7; The reactant slurry is put into basin,, sieve, make particle fertilizer through granulation through drying with steam; This siliceous fertilizer is applied to the base manure of silicophilic crop and uses, as: to paddy rice, wheat, corn, sugarcane, tobacco, cotton, peanut, soybean, sweet potato, and each planting fruit-trees, kind of farm crop surplus the vegetables tomato etc. 40.The difference of the present invention and other like products is that it is the product of neutral meta-acid, is easy to use in alkaline soils, has the effect in improvement saltings; In process paddy rice saltings field test is confirmed: with the siliceous fertilizers of 20 kilograms of sulfuration alkaline residues preparation, its paddy rice per mu yield reaches 1360 jin, volume increase 161%, and survival rate of seedlings is 100%.
Method and the application for preparing siliceous fertilizer with the sulfuration alkaline residue of the present invention, this method follows these steps to carry out:
A, at first will vulcanize alkaline residue and weathered coal and be processed into the following powder of 40 orders respectively, the weight ratio of wherein vulcanizing alkaline residue and weathered coal is 1: 0.8-1.3, add water then respectively and be mixed with slurry, the weight ratio of wherein vulcanizing alkaline residue and water is 1: 0.8, and the weight ratio of weathered coal and water is 1: 0.8;
B, will vulcanize the alkaline residue slurry and add in the reactor, and be warming up to 75 ℃-80 ℃, and add the weathered coal slurry gradually and mix under constantly stirring, and open vacuum pump, and feed steam heating, and be necessary for negative-pressure operation in the reactor, the reaction times is 3-4 hour, PH5-7;
C, the reactant slurry is put into basin,, cross 40 mesh sieves, make particle fertilizer, import the packing of sieving after the negative pressure cryodrying and get final product final product PH5-7 through granulating agent through drying with steam;
D, resultant gas enter in the waste gas tourie through surge tank, acidic reduction gas in the waste gas is generated as elemental sulfur element by abundant oxidation in temperature of reaction more than 70 ℃, the overwhelming majority is retained in the resultant, the minute quantity sour gas is neutralized by alkaline absorption solution, inert nitrogen gas and water vapour are discharged through extraction fan, check that no sulphur is emitted in the waste gas.
A kind of application for preparing siliceous fertilizer with the sulfuration alkaline residue, this siliceous fertilizer is that sulfuration alkaline residue and weathered coal are processed into powder below 40 orders respectively, add water then respectively and be mixed with slurry, to vulcanize the alkaline residue slurry adds in the reactor, be warming up to 75 ℃-80 ℃, add the weathered coal slurry gradually and mix under constantly stirring, the reaction times is 3-4 hour, PH5-6.5; The reactant slurry is put into basin,, cross 40 mesh sieves through drying with steam, make particle fertilizer through granulation, final product PH5-7 makes, and the morning that this siliceous fertilizer is applied to the silicophilic crop executes or base is executed, also can be used for imposing, spread fertilizer over the fields, spraying and base is executed, consumption is 15-30 kilogram/mu, divides twice or thrice and uses; Can be used for seed soaking in the critical period of crop growth, be stained with root, sprinkling.As: paddy rice, wheat, corn, sugarcane, tobacco, cotton, peanut, soybean, sweet potato, and each planting fruit-trees, kind of farm crop surplus the vegetables tomato etc. 40.
Method and the application for preparing siliceous fertilizer with the sulfuration alkaline residue of the present invention, adopt this method to have following characteristics:
(1), the alkalescence in the Sodium Sulphide is reduced to zero transformation, the pH value in the raw material is reduced to 5-7 by 11, reaches subacidity;
(2), water is insoluble or insoluble silicate becomes soluble silicon or calcium, magnesium salts after by this method, makes the silicon in the product can be rapidly by the root absorption utilization of plant;
(3), increased organic fertilizer efficiency, the low-molecular weight water-soluble organic matter reaches more than 3-4 becomes;
(4), keep the chemical combination attitude sulphur in the raw material and be transformed into the scintilla elemental sulfur, can kill fungi, be used for seed soaking, nothing is gone mouldy, disease and insect resistance;
(5), can remove the toxin in the raw material, analyzing arsenic content through relevant department is 0, other heavy metal reaches the green soil standard;
In addition, the siliceous fertilizer of making by this method shows through its result of test in a large amount of saltingss: have functions such as anti-saline and alkaline, disease and insect resistance, premature senescence resistance, resistant to lodging and saving water, resisting drought, using of siliceous fertilizer can prevent heavy metal and radiocontamination simultaneously.
Embodiment
Embodiment 1
At first Sodium Sulphide and weathered coal were processed into the following powder of 40 orders respectively by weight 1: 0.8, then Sodium Sulphide and water were mixed with slurry by weight 1: 0.8, weathered coal and water were mixed with slurry by weight 1: 0.8;
To vulcanize the alkaline residue slurry and add in the reactor, and be warming up to 75 ℃, and add the weathered coal slurry gradually and mix under constantly stirring, and open vacuum pump, and feed steam heating, and be necessary for negative-pressure operation in the reactor, the reaction times is 3 hours, PH5-7;
The reactant slurry is put into basin, through drying with steam, cross 40 mesh sieves, make particle fertilizer through granulation, the packing of sieving after the cryodrying of importing negative pressure gets final product final product PH5-7;
Resultant gas enters in the waste gas tourie through surge tank, acidic reduction gas in the waste gas is generated as elemental sulfur element by abundant oxidation in temperature of reaction more than 70 ℃, the overwhelming majority is retained in the resultant, the minute quantity sour gas is neutralized by alkaline absorption solution, inert nitrogen gas and water vapour are discharged through extraction fan, check that no sulphur is emitted in the waste gas.
The application of siliceous fertilizer in paddy rice of the present invention's development:
1, to the application in seasonal febrile diseases district, old rice field
Select 40 mu in seasonal febrile diseases district, old rice field, 10 kilograms/mu of bottom application siliceous fertilizers, siliceous fertilizer PH6 through observing, uses behind the siliceous fertilizer rice blast and takes place very gently, and sick tikka point is less, does not develop.Paddy rice is deposited on leaf surface after absorbing siliceous fertilizer, forms the two silicon layers of cutin, has reduced the intrusion of leaf blast germ.
2, the saltings simultaneous test of using siliceous fertilizer sees Table siliceous fertilizer PH5
It can be seen from the table: after siliceous fertilizer is executed in old saltings, obviously improved edaphic condition, easily obtained full stand after making shoot transplanting equipment, improved the anti-salt alkali ability of rice shoot, promoted the quick growth of rice root and overground part blade.
3, ground, normal rice field simultaneous test
Select 6 mu in old rice field, 1 mu in contrast field is transplanted and is imposed 10 kilograms/mu of siliceous fertilizers, siliceous fertilizer PH7 after 7 days, compare test, the rice shoot growing way is basic identical after 10 days, executes siliceous fertilizer field alkali-free skin, contrast field alkali skin fraction of coverage reaches 60%, executes water of siliceous fertilizer field pouring in 7 days, water of contrast field pouring in 5 days.The growth later stage is executed siliceous fertilizer water in field rice bar flap maturation all alive, and the early ageing phenomenon appears in the contrast field, and the small pieces lodging, and thousand seed weight is executed the comparison of siliceous fertilizer field according to field increase by 0.4 gram, and per unit area yield increases by 30.1 kilograms for every mu.
Embodiment 2
At first Sodium Sulphide and weathered coal were processed into the following powder of 40 orders respectively by weight 1: 1.0, then Sodium Sulphide and water were mixed with slurry by weight 1: 0.8, weathered coal and water were mixed with slurry by weight 1: 0.8;
To vulcanize the alkaline residue slurry and add in the reactor, and be warming up to 80 ℃, and add the weathered coal slurry gradually and mix under constantly stirring, and open vacuum pump, and feed steam heating, and be necessary for negative-pressure operation in the reactor, the reaction times is 4 hours, PH5-7;
The reactant slurry is put into basin, through drying with steam, cross 40 mesh sieves, make particle fertilizer through granulating agent, the packing of sieving after the cryodrying of importing negative pressure gets final product final product PH6-7;
Resultant gas enters in the waste gas tourie through surge tank, acidic reduction gas in the waste gas is generated as elemental sulfur element by abundant oxidation in temperature of reaction more than 70 ℃, the overwhelming majority is retained in the resultant, the minute quantity sour gas is neutralized by alkaline absorption solution, inert nitrogen gas and water vapour are discharged through extraction fan, check that no sulphur is emitted in the waste gas.
The application of siliceous fertilizer in corn, melon dish of the present invention's development
Corn seed dressing: siliceous fertilizer 60 gram adds water 400 grams, and 2.5 kilograms of seed dressings of corn seed 4 hours can be sowed after air-dry, impel that germinations, root are many, seedling strengthen reach disease-resistant.
As base manure: food crop are executed the 15-20 kilogram for every mu, together use with nitrogen, phosphate fertilizer with routine.
Corn take out hero, weave silk preceding 10 days, 5 days each restrain siliceous fertilizers with 300 and be dissolved in 100 kg of water, get clear liquid and spray, but combating drought and raising yields 10-30%.
Various melon dishes such as cucumber, wax gourd, tomato, Chinese cabbage, radish seed, before sowing with 7% siliceous fertilizer spray solution, mixed thoroughly, pile vexed 2-4 hour, air-dry can the sowing can shift to an earlier date rudiment, root is many, seedling strong and disease and insect resistance.At growth and development stage, spraying the blade face with 0.2% siliceous fertilizer solution can increase production by a relatively large margin.
In nutritive medium, add 0.2% siliceous fertilizer and be used for booth vegetable especially to cucumber, wax gourd, grape, tomato increase yield significantly, and disease and pest such as mildew-resistance.
Embodiment 3
At first Sodium Sulphide and weathered coal were processed into the following powder of 40 orders respectively by weight 1: 1.3, then Sodium Sulphide and water were mixed with slurry by weight 1: 0.8, weathered coal and water were mixed with slurry by weight 1: 0.8;
To vulcanize the alkaline residue slurry and add in the reactor, and be warming up to 75 ℃, and add the weathered coal slurry gradually and mix under constantly stirring, and open vacuum pump, and feed steam heating, and be necessary for negative-pressure operation in the reactor, the reaction times is 3 hours, PH5-7;
The reactant slurry is put into basin, through drying with steam, cross 40 mesh sieves, make particle fertilizer through granulating agent, the packing of sieving after the cryodrying of importing negative pressure gets final product final product PH5-7;
Resultant gas enters in the waste gas tourie through surge tank, acidic reduction gas in the waste gas is generated as elemental sulfur element by abundant oxidation in temperature of reaction more than 70 ℃, the overwhelming majority is retained in the resultant, the minute quantity sour gas is neutralized by alkaline absorption solution, inert nitrogen gas and water vapour are discharged through extraction fan, check that no sulphur is emitted in the waste gas.
The application of siliceous fertilizer in garlic of the present invention's development
Be mixed with 500PPM solution with the siliceous fertilizer of 0.05% concentration and soak seed soilless culture 22 strains, 0 strain of going mouldy after 27 days; Verdant 22 strains 100% of Miao Quan; The long 50-63 centimetre 100% of seedling; Seedling sturdy 100%; Root system development 100%60-65 coring; The long 6-8 centimetre of root.
Embodiment 4
At first Sodium Sulphide and weathered coal were processed into the following powder of 40 orders respectively by weight 1: 0.8, then Sodium Sulphide and water were mixed with slurry by weight 1: 0.8, weathered coal and water were mixed with slurry by weight 1: 0.8;
To vulcanize the alkaline residue slurry and add in the reactor, and be warming up to 75 ℃, and add the weathered coal slurry gradually and mix under constantly stirring, and open vacuum pump, and feed steam heating, and be necessary for negative-pressure operation in the reactor, the reaction times is 3 hours, PH5-7;
The reactant slurry is put into basin, through drying with steam, cross 40 mesh sieves, make particle fertilizer through granulating agent, the packing of sieving after the cryodrying of importing negative pressure gets final product final product PH5-7;
Resultant gas enters in the waste gas tourie through surge tank, acidic reduction gas in the waste gas is generated as elemental sulfur element by abundant oxidation in temperature of reaction more than 70 ℃, the overwhelming majority is retained in the resultant, the minute quantity sour gas is neutralized by alkaline absorption solution, inert nitrogen gas and water vapour are discharged through extraction fan, check that no sulphur is emitted in the waste gas.
The application of siliceous fertilizer in Chinese ephedra of the present invention's development
(1), soaking the contrast of ephedra seed and clear water with 0.01% siliceous fertilizer solution sees Table
The test of sprouting of table 1 ephedra seed
(2), spray and clear water contrast pot experiment with 0.01% siliceous fertilizer
Test about the long 1cm of table 2 Ephedrae seedling
Claims (2)
1, a kind ofly prepare the method for siliceous fertilizer, it is characterized in that following these steps to carrying out with the sulfuration alkaline residue:
A, at first will vulcanize alkaline residue and weathered coal and be processed into the following powder of 40 orders respectively, the weight ratio of wherein vulcanizing alkaline residue and weathered coal is 1: 0.8-1.3, add water then respectively and be mixed with slurry, the weight ratio of wherein vulcanizing alkaline residue and water is 1: 0.8, and the weight ratio of weathered coal and water is 1: 0.8;
B, will vulcanize the alkaline residue slurry and add in the reactor, and be warming up to 75 ℃-80 ℃, and add the weathered coal slurry gradually and mix under constantly stirring, and open vacuum pump, and feed steam heating, and be necessary for negative-pressure operation in the reactor, the reaction times is 3-4 hour, PH5-7;
C, the reactant slurry is put into basin,, cross 40 mesh sieves, make particle fertilizer, import the packing of sieving after the negative pressure cryodrying and get final product final product PH5-7 through granulation through drying with steam;
D, resultant gas enter in the waste gas tourie through surge tank, acidic reduction gas in the waste gas is generated as elemental sulfur element by abundant oxidation in temperature of reaction more than 70 ℃, the overwhelming majority is retained in the resultant, the minute quantity sour gas is neutralized by alkaline absorption solution, inert nitrogen gas and water vapour are discharged through extraction fan, check that no sulphur is emitted in the waste gas.
2, a kind of application for preparing siliceous fertilizer with the sulfuration alkaline residue, it is characterized in that this siliceous fertilizer is that sulfuration alkaline residue and weathered coal are processed into powder below 40 orders respectively, add water then respectively and be mixed with slurry, to vulcanize the alkaline residue slurry adds in the reactor, be warming up to 75 ℃-80 ℃, add the weathered coal slurry gradually and mix under constantly stirring, the reaction times is 3-4 hour, PH5-7; The reactant slurry is put into basin, through drying with steam, cross 40 mesh sieves, make particle fertilizer through granulation, final product PH5-7 makes; The morning that this siliceous fertilizer is applied to the silicophilic crop executes or base is executed, and also can be used for imposing, spreads fertilizer over the fields, sprays and base is executed, and consumption is 15-30 kilogram/mu, divides twice or thrice and uses; Can be used for seed soaking in the critical period of crop growth, be stained with root, sprinkling.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 03106905 CN1202046C (en) | 2003-02-19 | 2003-02-19 | Method for preparing siliceous fertilizer by using dregs of sodium sulphide and its application |
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| CN 03106905 CN1202046C (en) | 2003-02-19 | 2003-02-19 | Method for preparing siliceous fertilizer by using dregs of sodium sulphide and its application |
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| CN1431172A CN1431172A (en) | 2003-07-23 |
| CN1202046C true CN1202046C (en) | 2005-05-18 |
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| CN 03106905 Expired - Fee Related CN1202046C (en) | 2003-02-19 | 2003-02-19 | Method for preparing siliceous fertilizer by using dregs of sodium sulphide and its application |
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Families Citing this family (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN100383177C (en) * | 2004-08-10 | 2008-04-23 | 浙江大学 | New method for extracting humate from weathered coal |
| CN102875212B (en) * | 2012-09-19 | 2014-05-21 | 福建远翔化工有限公司 | Method for preparing efficient composite organic silicon fertilizer from caustic sludge |
| CN108251124B (en) * | 2018-03-14 | 2021-04-23 | 上海立昌环境科技股份有限公司 | Saline-alkali soil conditioner and saline-alkali soil improvement method |
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