CN1200250C - Microbore automatic measuring method and device - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to an automatic measuring method for micropores and a device thereof. The method comprises: a CCD camera inputs images of the micropores which are magnified by a microscope into a computer; the images of the micropores are filtered by a area method, and a corresponding micropore of the maximum pixel number is found; the coordinates of boundary points of the micropores are stored in a linked list, and the coordinates of the center point of the micropores are obtained by calculating; the maximum value of the micropore diameter is searched at the direction of 0 to 180 degree, the maximum value and the minimum value are selected, and the average value of the micropore diameter and the roundness error are obtained. The device is composed of a platform of the microscope, a light source, an objective table, the micropores, carrier wave sheets, an object lens, the CCD camera, a computer mainframe and a display. The present invention has the advantages of simple structure, strong antinoise capability and high automation degree. The present invention enhances the measuring speed and precision.

Description

Microbore automatic measuring method and device

Technical field

The present invention relates to a kind of microbore automatic measuring method and device of realizing by digital image processing techniques, can be used for the automatic measurement of micropore size, as micro measurement as spatial filter.

Background technology

At present, the method to micro measurement of realizing has multiple, and to be the operator observe the enlarged image of micropore by tool microscope to classic method, utilizes and manually measure.This method is efficient low, precision deficiency, shortcomings such as poor stability; The CCD of employing camera is also arranged, micropore image after will amplifying with it is input in the computing machine by image acquisition circuit, determine the starting point and the terminating point position of micropore size by methods such as manual mouse line or rules, and then calculate micropore size, though this method has improved measuring accuracy, shortcomings such as the automatic measurement function but it still is unrealized exists complex operation, and efficient is low.

Summary of the invention

The objective of the invention is in order to overcome the shortcoming of prior art, a kind of influence that can reduce micropore salt-pepper noise on every side to measuring accuracy effectively is provided, adopt digital image processing techniques to realize micropore size method for automatic measurement and device.

The step of microbore automatic measuring method of the present invention is:

1, the image input computing machine after the CCD camera amplifies the micropore on the object by microscope;

2, adopt area-method that the micropore image is carried out filtering, area-method is compared with salt-pepper noise on every side according to institute micrometer hole, its area is maximum this feature, seek the frontier point of all closed figures in the binaryzation micropore image, add up the pixel number that the border comprised of each point, find the pairing point of maximum pixel number to be micropore;

3, deposit micropore frontier point coordinate in chained list then, calculate the center point coordinate of micropore, with this central point is that benchmark is sought the aperture maximum value on 0 degree～180 degree directions, from these aperture value, choose maximum again, minimum value, to the two get average get final product micropore size mean value, both differences get 1/2nd and are deviation from circular from.

Form by microscope stage, light source, objective table, micropore and wave carrier piece, object lens, CCD camera, main frame, display for realizing the microbore automatic measuring device that said method designs, be equipped with light source on the microscope stage, the light source top is equipped with objective table, the object lens of CCD camera below are aimed at micropore and the wave carrier piece on the objective table, the output terminal of CCD camera is connected with main frame, and display is connected with main frame.Measurement range of the present invention is: 7 μ m～400 μ m, the parameter of surveying is: maximum gauge, minimum diameter, mean diameter, area, circularity.Measured result can be simultaneously displayed on computer screen or printout.The present invention adopts microscope, the automatic measurement of CCD camera and computer realization micropore, and it has overcome the shortcoming that classic method is brought, and having simple in structurely, noise resisting ability is strong, characteristics such as automaticity height, reduce the complicated operation degree, improved measuring speed and precision.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a microbore automatic measuring device synoptic diagram.

Embodiment

The embodiment of the invention is described further explanation in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

By shown in Figure 1, the microbore automatic measuring device is made up of microscope stage 1, light source 2, objective table 3, micropore and wave carrier piece 4, object lens 5, CCD camera 6, main frame 7, display 8, be equipped with light source 2 on the microscope stage 1, light source 2 tops are equipped with objective table 3, micropore and wave carrier piece 4 that the object lens 5 of CCD camera 6 belows are aimed on the objective table 3, the output terminal of CCD camera 6 is connected with main frame 7, and display 8 is connected with main frame 7.

The concrete enforcement of method of the present invention is as follows:

1. micropore image binaryzation

The micropore image is handled, at first it will be carried out binaryzation, so just can carry out follow-up Digital Image Processing.Computing machine reads the micropore enlarged image of being taken by the black-white CCD camera, by adjusting the intensity of illumination of microscope light source, make the gray-scale value in micropore zone be white (255), can simply extract the micropore border of (comprising some noise spots) thus, getting threshold method with histogram carries out rim detection and compares, this method is at the characteristics of micropore itself, it is simple to have algorithm, be easy to realize, characteristics such as fast operation, the gray-scale value in micropore after the binaryzation in the image and noise spot zone is 255, and the gray-scale value of remainder (background) is 0.

2. region of search frontier point, area-method filtering interfering point

Calculate the diameter of micropore, must determine the frontier point of micropore, just want the frontier point in ferret out zone, therefore set up the chained list of depositing the frontier point characteristic parameter here, each node in the chained list is deposited horizontal stroke, ordinate and the zone bit of frontier point.

1) frontier point of scanning All Ranges (micropore and noise spot) and deposit the micropore image of main chain table head after in and scan to binaryzation, if 255 to 0 or 0 to 255 transition takes place in the pixel gray-scale value, do not put simultaneously zone bit, think that then this picture element is undrawn frontier point, and deposit it in main chain table head.

2) by 8 direction neighborhood search, separate the frontier point of each closed region

At first read first node of depositing frontier point among the main chain table head, deposit it in child list head1, and be the frontier point that belongs to its 8 direction neighborhood among the center search main chain table head with this frontier point, the direction of search is followed successively by: 135 °, 90 °, 45 °, 180 °, 0 °, 225 °, 270 °, 315 °, by this ordered search, avoided the situation of the repeat search that may occur.As if the neighborhood point on certain direction that searches this frontier point, then this neighborhood point is added among the child list head1, and continuation traversal main chain table head, search for the neighborhood point on other direction, until the end of main chain table head, then the pointed next node on the mover chained list head1 is that main chain table head is restarted to travel through in the center with this point again, seek 8 direction neighborhood points of this frontier point, and the neighborhood point is deposited among the child list head1.Behind all nodes of traversal child list head1, show all frontier points that belong to a certain zone among the main chain table head are extracted, formed child list head1.

3) area-method filtering interfering point

At first set up child list head2, the frontier point that is used for the zone (micropore) of storage area maximum, child list head2 is initialized as first the regional frontier point set that searches, calculate the area that compares frontier point institute region among head1 and the head2, the frontier point set that will have maximum area deposits among the child list head2, get final product at last the frontier point set in micropore zone.The number of picture elements that the area approximation of frontier point institute region is enclosed with the zone is represented.

3. calculate the diameter of micropore

Because the shape of micropore is not the circle of rule, its diameter computing formula can not be pushed away by the area formula of circle, so adopt following method to calculate the diameter of micropore:

By the center point coordinate of the frontier point coordinate Calculation micropore of micropore (X, Y), wherein $X=\underset{i=0}{\overset{N-1}{\mathrm{\Σ}}}{x}_i/N,$ $Y=\underset{i=0}{\overset{N-1}{\mathrm{\Σ}}}{y}_i/N,$ With (X, Y) carry out 0 °～180 ° direction searchs for reference center, seek the maximal value of distance between the frontier point on all directions, with 45 ° of directions is example, the straight line that with slope is 45 ° is from (X, Y) beginning, level and vertical search micropore border, seek on this direction the maximal value of distance between the micropore frontier point, the set of being made up of micropore frontier point spacing maximal value on 0 °～180 ° directions can get:

Maximum gauge: D _Max={ D _0max, D _1max, D _2max..., D _179max, D _180max}

Minimum diameter: D _Min={ D _0max, D _1max, D _2max..., D _179max, D _180max}

Then the mean diameter of micropore is: $D_{\mathrm{average}}=\frac{D\max +D\min }{2}$

The circularity of micropore is: $\frac{D\max -D\min }{2}$

Claims (2)

1, a kind of microbore automatic measuring method is characterized in that, method step is:

(1) the image input computing machine after the CCD camera amplifies the micropore on the object by microscope;

(2) adopt area-method that the micropore image is carried out filtering, compare with salt-pepper noise on every side according to institute micrometer hole, its area is maximum this feature, seek the frontier point of all closed figures in the binaryzation micropore image, add up the pixel number that the border comprised of each point, find the pairing point of maximum pixel number to be micropore;

(3) deposit micropore frontier point coordinate in chained list, calculate the center point coordinate of micropore, with this central point is that benchmark is sought the aperture maximum value on 0 degree～180 degree directions, from these aperture value, choose maximum again, minimum value, to the two get average get final product micropore size mean value, 1/2nd of both differences are deviation from circular from.

2, realize the microbore automatic measuring device of said method, it is characterized in that, it is by microscope stage (1), light source (2), objective table (3), micropore and wave carrier piece (4), object lens (5), CCD camera (6), main frame (7), display (8) is formed, be equipped with light source (2) on the microscope stage (1), light source (2) top is equipped with objective table (3), the object lens (5) of CCD camera (6) below are aimed at micropore and the wave carrier piece (4) on the objective table (3), the output terminal of CCD camera (6) is connected with main frame (7), and display (8) is connected with main frame (7).