CN1200138C - Producing process of anticorrosive coated steel rails - Google Patents
Producing process of anticorrosive coated steel rails Download PDFInfo
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- CN1200138C CN1200138C CN 03117936 CN03117936A CN1200138C CN 1200138 C CN1200138 C CN 1200138C CN 03117936 CN03117936 CN 03117936 CN 03117936 A CN03117936 A CN 03117936A CN 1200138 C CN1200138 C CN 1200138C
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Abstract
The present invention discloses a producing process of anticorrosive coated steel rails, which can be used for carrying out the cold plating of a zinc rich coating or an aluminium rich coating or an allumen rich coating on the surface of a steel rail to make the steel rail adapt to various abominable environments. The present invention is realized through the following technical scheme that an anticorrosive coating is formed on the surface of the steel rail by a cold plating method, and comprises the following steps that (1), the steel rail is arranged in treating liquid for carrying out the treatment of removing oil and rust; a layer of chemical treating film is formed on the surface of the steel rail; the treating liquid comprises the following elements: 35 to 105 g/l of phosphoric acid, 15 to 75g/1 of zinc dihydrogen phosphate, 10 to 45 g/l of phytic acid, 1.5 to 15 g/l of tartrate, 0.5 to 8 g/l of thiourea, 0.5 to 5 g/l of accelerator (A) and 2 to 25 g/l of molybdate; (2), hot wind or induction heating is used for drying the surface for treating chemically the steel rail; a drying temperature is smaller than or equal to 50 DEG C; (3), zinc rich paint or aluminum rich paint or allumen rich paint is coated on the surface of the steel rail to form a zinc rich coating or an aluminium rich coating or an allumen rich coating with the thickness of 25 microns to 75 microns.
Description
Affiliated technical field
The present invention relates to the chemical treatment and the coating process of steel, the technology of application corrosion-resistant finishes after especially a kind of rail chemical conversion treatment.
Background technology
Transportation by railroad develops to the direction of high speed, heavy duty, the variation of climatope in addition, and the online use rail corrosion of domestic part Railway Bureau is more serious, such as: online rail causes cracking because of corrosion in some tunnel, uses the just necessary replacing of 2-3; Even the shape corrosion has appearred cheating in the rail of not reaching the standard grade; Transportation poultry and refrigeration material car corrode rail because of sewage effluent; Because of the oceanic climate influence, coastland rail general corrosion is serious.Particularly extremely frigid zones as Qing Zanglu, is in the harsh climate environment, and passes through the depopulated zone, and railway interests will have to spend a large amount of human and material resources to safeguard, change the rail that quickens to lose efficacy because of corrosion every year.Therefore, the erosion resistance of raising rail seems very necessary.
To raising rail erosion resistance, but, only carried out some technical discussion and trials both at home and abroad without any the technology of industrial applications moulding, complete.What " the rail anticorrosion technique research in the operation tunnel " literary composition was reported in o. 11th " railroad construction " periodicals in 1998 according to the publication of railway construction institute has in the technical exploration that improves the rail corrosion resistance nature and the method for trial both at home and abroad: to online rail derusting by sandblast, spray the epoxy zinc-rich organic coating again, to improve the rail corrosion resisting property; Adopt the sacrificing protection method to improve the rail corrosion resistance nature to online rail; The rail shot peening, the thermospray zinc alloy improves the rail corrosion resisting property again; And in rail steel, add alloying elements such as copper, chromium, improve technological methods such as rail corrosion resisting property.Above-mentioned all rail corrosionproof protections measure of taking all has certain effect, and still, but there is following tangible deficiency in these technology in production technique enforcement and cost:
1, ferrous materials must carry out pre-treatment to ferrous materials before application, and purpose is to remove the oil and the rust of steel surface, and makes steel surface have certain roughness or chemical property, so that coating and iron and steel physical bond or Chemical bond closely.For degreasing and rust removal, two kinds of methods are generally arranged, a kind of two step operation methods commonly used, i.e. oil removing adopts organic solvent and synthetic detergent to clean, and mechanism or manual method rust cleaning are adopted in rust cleaning; Another kind is a step chemical method, promptly adopts conventional three-in-one (oil removing, rust cleaning, phosphatization) or four unification (oil removing, rust cleaning, phosphatization, passivation) single stage method to handle.But invar rail steel carbon content is higher, and conventional three-in-one or four unifications are handled and easily made rail inhale hydrogen, cause rail to crack, and oil removing, rust cleaning are handled in three-in-one or four unifications that the degreasing and rust removal incompatibility of rail is general.
When ferrous materials is carried out thermospray and application zinc-rich paint,, must remove steel material surface greasy dirt and rusty stain for guaranteeing spraying or coating quality and performance.It in the national standard tack that guarantees thermal spraying material or zinc powder and ferrous materials, derusting grade to ferrous materials has been made strict regulation: shot peening reaches the Sa2.5 level, and hand cleaning reaches the S3 level, and the ferrous materials of rust cleaning must be finished application in 4 hours, not so, rust is easily returned on the surface.With manual methods such as emery cloth, wire brush, perching knives steel surface is eliminated rust, not only labour intensity is big, and production efficiency is low, and it is not thorough to eliminate rust, and the dust in the rust cleaning process is also very big to the harm of human body; Rail is extremely responsive to surface quality in addition, adopts hand cleaning very easily to damage the rail surface, causes the rail fatigue life-span to reduce, and train safe is travelled produces harm.Adopt general mechanical rust removal method, dust pollution and noise pollution are arranged.The more important thing is, adopt general shot-peening mechanical rust removal, to the smaller profiled material of the such cross-sectional area of rail, the rusty stain on boundary seamed edge and the leptoprosopy will be removed totally, and rust cleaning speed is inevitable quite slow.Above-mentioned all factors have restricted rail thermal spray protection Aluminum Coating method or rail spraying epoxy zinc-rich coating or rich aluminum coating or the utilization of rich Aluminum Coating method in large-scale production.
Though 2, adopt the sacrificing protection method can improve the rail corrosion resisting property, because of the electric current in sacrificing protection loop has interference to the modernized railway signal, and annual need to change to consume sacrifice zinc metal sheet, cause construction cost and handling cost height, and fail to apply;
3, in rail steel, add alloying elements such as copper, chromium with technological methods such as raising rail corrosion resisting properties, the ton steel cost height, and the smelting of rail steel, Technology such as rolling need be done sizable change, and because the adding of copper, chromium produces harm to high-carbon rail toughness and welding property, reduced the security that rail uses, thereby and promoted.
Above-mentioned all factors have restricted mass-producing, the industrialization production of various types of anti-corrosion rail.
Summary of the invention
Easily make rail crack deficiency with corrosion-resistant finishes tack difference in order to overcome existing rail electrochemical deoiling rust cleaning, the invention provides a kind of cold electroplating method of rail corrosion-resistant finishes, promptly earlier chemical treatment is carried out on the rail surface, and then cover zinc-rich coating or rich aluminum coating or rich Aluminum Coating thereon, used chemical pretreatment solution can not only be removed the greasy dirt and the corrosion layer on rail surface effectively, rail can not crack, simultaneously can also on the rail surface, form the chemical treatment rete, improve the tack of corrosion-resistant finishes.
The technical solution adopted for the present invention to solve the technical problems is: form corrosion-resistant finishes with cold electroplating method on the rail surface, comprise the steps:
1. rail chemical conversion treatment places rail and carries out oil removing, processing of rust removing in the treatment solution, and forms one deck chemical conversion film on the rail surface, and described treatment solution contains following composition:
Phosphoric acid 35~105g/l, primary zinc phosphate 15~75g/l, phytic acid 10~45g/l, tartrate 1.5~15g/l, thiocarbamide 0.5~8g/l, promotor 0.5~5g/l, molybdate 2~25g/l;
2. rail surface drying, with hot blast or inductive heating dry rail surface, drying temperature≤50 ℃;
3. the spraying of rail corrosion-resistant finishes, employing has gas blowout to be coated with or apneumatic spraying method or electrostatic spraying, at rail surface spraying zinc-rich paint or rich aluminum paint or zinc-enriched aluminum paint, formation thickness is 25 microns to 75 microns zinc-rich coating or rich aluminum coating or rich Aluminum Coating.
The above-mentioned steps 1. promotor in the rail chemical conversion treatment liquid is hydroxylamine acid and perchlorate 3: 2 synthetic oxidisability promotor by weight.
3. in the rail corrosion-resistant finishes spraying, add in per kilogram zinc-rich paint or rich aluminum paint or the zinc-enriched aluminum paint has 250~300g phytate to above-mentioned steps.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows that the chemical pretreatment solution that is adopted can be removed the greasy dirt and the corrosion layer on rail surface effectively, rail can not crack, and can also form the chemical treatment rete simultaneously on the rail surface, improves the tack of corrosion-resistant finishes.The corrosion resistant coating adhere firmly on rail surface, in the drop weight test of the destructive longevity test of rail, the weight of 1t acts on the coating from the impact load that relative height 9m falls to being produced, and coating is not broken; , be loaded into 2,000,000 times under 3 moving load effects of 36t at loaded load 7.2t, breaking does not appear in coating, and sticking power reaches 〉=9Mpa.Cold plating coating can adapt to various than severe environment: the salt fog accelerated corrosion excellent performance of anti-5% concentration; Under the subzero 30 degree conditions Celsius, anyly breaking does not appear in cold coating, catabiosis; Under the condition of high temperature, the high humidity environment of 49 degree Celsius, humidity 〉=95%R.H, test 2600 hours cold coating and any rusty stain do not occur.
Embodiment
The present invention is further described below in conjunction with embodiment.
Processing method of the present invention forms corrosion-resistant finishes with cold electroplating method on the rail surface, comprises the steps:
1. rail chemical conversion treatment
Rail placed carry out oil removing, processing of rust removing in the treatment solution, and at rail surface formation one deck chemical conversion film, described treatment solution contains following composition: phosphoric acid 35~105g/l, primary zinc phosphate 15~75g/l, phytic acid 10~45g/l, tartrate 1.5~15g/l, thiocarbamide 0.5~8g/l, promotor 0.5~5g/l, molybdate 2~25g/l.
This chemical pretreatment solution oil removing is to utilize the lipophilic group of its tensio-active agent to be adsorbed on the greasy dirt surface, and penetrates greasy dirt, and greasy dirt is wetted, expand, make between greasy dirt and iron-based body combine released.The hydrophilic radical of tensio-active agent is in the water of chemical pretreatment solution, and particularly under external conditions effects such as vibration, the greasy dirt that will unclamp is rolled onto in the water, produces emulsification, dispersion, suspension phenomenon, reaches to clean the smeary effect.
To be phosphoric acid be transformed into the molysite of solubility with iron rust in the rust cleaning of this chemical pretreatment solution, and under phosphoric acid and phosphatic effect, the iron-based surface generates the phosphate coating of one deck densification, i.e. phosphatize phosphate coat again.
Promotor is hydroxylamine acid and perchlorate synthetic oxidisability promotor, earlier with sulfonic acid and azanol synthesizing hydroxyamine sulfonic acid under the condition that adds catalyzer, again under normal temperature or heating condition, with hydroxylamine acid and perchlorate by weight 3: 2 ratio synthesize.
Promotor is film coalescence aid, and it has the main effect of two aspects, the one, and make the phosphatize phosphate coat of generation even, careful, improve wear resistance, ductility and the rust-preventing characteristic of phosphatize phosphate coat; Though chemical reaction temperature improves, and has quickened the film forming of phosphatize phosphate coat, temperature is high can to produce acid mist and contaminate environment, and second main effect of promotor under the lower situation of chemical treatment temperature, also can make phosphatize phosphate coat form as early as possible just.
In the chemical treating process on rail surface, free acidity is controlled at 3~20 points, and total acidity is controlled at 25~50 points, and promotor is controlled at 3~15 points, and the treatment solution temperature is 5~45 ℃, and the chemical treatment time is 3~30min.
In the chemical treating process on rail surface, one or several (preferably 〉=5 piece) moulding rail be with upside down (flange of rail up), is transferred to by turnover device and carries out chemical conversion treatment in the chemical processing device.
The rail chemical conversion treatment is having under the condition of ultra-sonic oscillation, 5~40 ℃ of treatment temps, and in 3~20 minutes treatment times, preferably treatment temp is heated to 20~35 ℃, 3~8 minutes treatment times; Chemical treatment under no ultrasonic wave condition, 10~45 ℃ of treatment temps, in 6~20 minutes treatment times, preferably treatment temp is heated to 30~40 ℃, 10~30 minutes treatment times.
2. rail surface drying
Through chemically treated one or several rail, washing or in the water rinse groove again without washing, with hot blast or inductive heating dry rail surface, drying temperature≤50 ℃.
3. the spraying of rail corrosion-resistant finishes
Rail still enters in the spray booth with inverse manner, employing has gas blowout to be coated with or apneumatic spraying method or electrostatic spraying, at rail surface spraying zinc-rich paint or rich aluminum paint or zinc-aluminium coating, formation thickness is 25 microns to 75 microns zinc-rich coating or rich aluminum coating or rich Aluminum Coating, promptly cold coating.
Adding in per kilogram zinc-rich paint or rich aluminum paint or the zinc-enriched aluminum paint has 250~300g phytate, as sodium phytate.Phytate is a kind of proud sequestrant, utilizes its structure and characteristic, forms complex compound with metal on the one hand, makes coating form reticulated structure on the one hand, in conjunction with firmly, makes coating can adapt to chemical treatment between zinc powder, improves the tack of coating.
Rich zinc of the present invention or rich aluminium or zinc-enriched aluminum paint comprise rich zinc of mineral-type phosphoric acid salt or zinc-enriched aluminum paint, close the coating etc. of the ET-98 trade mark of the GZH202 of company, GZH203, the GZH204 trade mark, Nanjing, Yangzhou company as the sky, Chengdu; The rich zinc of mineral-type silicate or rich aluminium or zinc-enriched aluminum paint are as the Lw-1 trade mark of Wuhan eisenocher company, the coating of the Wuhan Yang Tai Yt-100 of the company trade mark etc.; The rich zinc of organic class or rich aluminium or zinc-enriched aluminum paint are as the coating of the HI-PON20 trade mark of ippon company etc.
According to different needs, the any finish paint that can be on existing coating adapts with the method application of spraying or brushing or roller coat and zinc-rich coating or rich aluminum coating or rich Aluminum Coating, finish paint is selected ageing-resistant performance or the good finish paint of wear resisting property for use, as HI-RUBBERE of ippon company etc.
Also coating finish not.
To finish rail lifting, stacking, the warehouse-in of processing at last.
Embodiment 1:
The rail example put be sent in the chemical treating tank, the chemical treatment liquid temp is 35 ℃, under the ultra-sonic oscillation condition, soaks after 3 minutes, removes oil stain, rusty stain, the phosphatization on rail surface, and the rail of processing is sent to simultaneously and leaves standstill 6 minutes on the platform.
Chemical pretreatment solution contains: phosphatase 11 05g/l, primary zinc phosphate 75g/l, phytic acid 45g/l, tartrate 15g/l, thiocarbamide 7g/l, promotor 0.8g/l, molybdate 24g/l.
Then rail still is sent to spray booth with invert form, in zinc-rich paint, adds the 250g sodium phytate, spray 25~75 microns cold coating on the rail surface with airless spray unit.
Lifting, stacking at last, the row of finishing steel is put in storage.
Embodiment 2:
Rail is carried out the anti-corrosion processing of cold plating with the present invention, the rail example is put be sent in the chemical treating tank, the chemical treatment liquid temp is 20 ℃, under the ultra-sonic oscillation condition, soaks 8 minutes, removes oil stain, rusty stain, the phosphatization on rail surface.
Chemical pretreatment solution contains: phosphoric acid 60g/l, primary zinc phosphate 50g/l, phytic acid 30g/l, tartrate 10g/l, thiocarbamide 8g/l, promotor 5g/l, molybdate 24g/l.
Still be sent to again in the drying unit, with 45 ℃ hot-air seasoning with inverse manner.
And then rail is sent to spray booth, adds the 290g sodium phytate in rich aluminum paint, coating thickness is 25 microns to 75 microns a cold plating coating.
Lifting, stacking at last, the row of finishing steel is put in storage.
Embodiment 3:
Rail is carried out the anti-corrosion processing of cold plating with the present invention, the rail example is put be sent in the chemical treating tank, the chemical treatment liquid temp is 25 ℃.Under no ultra-sonic oscillation condition, soaked 5 minutes, remove oil stain, rusty stain, the phosphatization on rail surface.
Chemical pretreatment solution contains: phosphatase 79 0g/l, primary zinc phosphate 70g/l, phytic acid 35g/l, tartrate 14g/l, thiocarbamide 6g/l, promotor 2g/l, molybdate 15g/l.
Still be sent to again in the drying unit, with 45 ℃ hot-air seasoning with inverse manner.And then rail is sent to spray booth, adds the 270g sodium phytate in zinc-enriched aluminum paint, coating thickness is 25 microns to 75 microns a cold plating coating.Lifting, stacking at last, the row of finishing steel is put in storage.
Embodiment 4:
Rail is carried out the anti-corrosion processing of cold plating with the present invention, the rail example is put be sent in the chemical treating tank, the chemical treatment liquid temp is 30 ℃.Under no ultra-sonic oscillation condition, soaked 30 minutes, remove oil stain, rusty stain, the phosphatization on rail surface, still be sent to again in the drying unit, with 45 ℃ hot-air seasoning with inverse manner.And then rail is sent to spray booth, coating thickness is 25 microns to 75 microns a cold plating coating.Lifting, stacking at last, the row of finishing steel is put in storage.
Embodiment 5:
Rail is carried out the anti-corrosion processing of cold plating with the present invention, the rail example is put be sent in the chemical treating tank, the chemical treatment liquid temp is 45 ℃.Under no ultra-sonic oscillation condition, soaked 10 minutes, remove oil stain, rusty stain, the phosphatization on rail surface, still be sent to again in the drying unit, with 45 ℃ hot-air seasoning with inverse manner.And then rail is sent to spray booth, coating thickness is 25 microns to 75 microns a cold plating coating.Lifting, stacking at last, the row of finishing steel is put in storage.
Embodiment 6:
Rail is carried out the anti-corrosion processing of cold plating with the present invention, the rail example is put be sent in the chemical treating tank, the chemical treatment liquid temp is 40 ℃.Under no ultra-sonic oscillation condition, soaked 15 minutes, remove oil stain, rusty stain, the phosphatization on rail surface, still be sent to again in the drying unit, with 45 ℃ hot-air seasoning with inverse manner.And then rail is sent to spray booth, coating thickness is 25 microns to 75 microns a cold plating coating.Lifting, stacking at last, the row of finishing steel is put in storage.
In conjunction with the embodiments the specific embodiment of the invention has been carried out exemplary description above, obviously the invention is not restricted to this, the various improvement of carrying out within the scope of the present invention all do not exceed protection domain of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1, a kind of corrosion-resistant finishes Rail Production technology comprises the steps:
1. rail chemical conversion treatment places rail and carries out oil removing, processing of rust removing in the treatment solution, and forms one deck chemical conversion film on the rail surface, and described treatment solution contains following composition:
Phosphoric acid 35~105g/l, primary zinc phosphate 15~75g/l, phytic acid 10~45g/l, tartrate 1.5~15g/l, thiocarbamide 0.5~8g/l, promotor 0.5~5g/l, molybdate 2~25g/l;
2. rail surface drying, with hot blast or inductive heating dry rail surface, drying temperature≤50 ℃;
3. the spraying of rail corrosion-resistant finishes, employing has gas blowout to be coated with or apneumatic spraying method or electrostatic spraying, at rail surface spraying zinc-rich paint or rich aluminum paint or zinc-aluminium coating, formation thickness is 25 microns to 75 microns zinc-rich coating or rich aluminum coating or rich Aluminum Coating.
2, corrosion-resistant finishes Rail Production technology according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the described step 1. promotor in the rail chemical conversion treatment liquid is that hydroxylamine acid and perchlorate were by weight 3: 2 synthetic oxidisability promotor.
3, according to the described corrosion-resistant finishes Rail Production of claim 1 technology, it is characterized in that: described step is 1. in the rail chemical conversion treatment, free acidity is controlled at 3~20 points, total acidity is controlled at 25~50 points, promotor is controlled at 3~15 points, 5~45 ℃ of treatment solution temperature, the chemical treatment time is 3~30min.
4, according to the described corrosion-resistant finishes Rail Production of claim 1 technology, it is characterized in that: step 1. rail chemical conversion treatment is to carry out having under the condition of ultra-sonic oscillation, and the treatment solution temperature is 5~40 ℃, and the chemical treatment time is 3~20min.
5, corrosion-resistant finishes Rail Production technology according to claim 4, it is characterized in that: described treatment solution temperature is 20~35 ℃, the chemical treatment time is 3~8min.
6, according to the described corrosion-resistant finishes Rail Production of claim 1 technology, it is characterized in that: step 1. rail chemical conversion treatment is to carry out under no ultrasonic wave condition, 10~45 ℃ of treatment solution temperature, chemical treatment time 6~20min.
7, according to the described corrosion-resistant finishes Rail Production of claim 6 technology, it is characterized in that: described treatment solution temperature is 30~40 ℃, chemical treatment time 10~30min.
8, according to the described corrosion-resistant finishes Rail Production of claim 1 technology, it is characterized in that: 3. in the rail corrosion-resistant finishes spraying, add in per kilogram zinc-rich paint or rich aluminum paint or zinc-enriched aluminum paint has 250~300g phytate to described step.
9, described according to Claim 8 corrosion-resistant finishes Rail Production technology, it is characterized in that: described phytate is a sodium phytate.
10, according to the described corrosion-resistant finishes Rail Production of claim 1 technology, it is characterized in that: the described step 3. rich zinc of rail corrosion-resistant finishes spraying or rich aluminium or zinc-aluminium coating can be the rich zinc of mineral-type phosphoric acid salt or zinc-enriched aluminum paint, the rich zinc of mineral-type silicate or rich aluminium or zinc-enriched aluminum paint, the rich zinc of organic class or rich aluminium or zinc-enriched aluminum paint.
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CN 03117936 CN1200138C (en) | 2003-05-26 | 2003-05-26 | Producing process of anticorrosive coated steel rails |
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CN 03117936 CN1200138C (en) | 2003-05-26 | 2003-05-26 | Producing process of anticorrosive coated steel rails |
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