CN1199052C - Method of raising accuracy estimation of received signal wave arrival direction - Google Patents
Method of raising accuracy estimation of received signal wave arrival direction Download PDFInfo
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- CN1199052C CN1199052C CN 01119302 CN01119302A CN1199052C CN 1199052 C CN1199052 C CN 1199052C CN 01119302 CN01119302 CN 01119302 CN 01119302 A CN01119302 A CN 01119302A CN 1199052 C CN1199052 C CN 1199052C
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 29
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- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 claims description 4
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- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 238000010295 mobile communication Methods 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
The present invention discloses a method for enhancing the accuracy of signal receiving wave arrival direction estimation, which comprises that the received signal matrix of an antenna implements time delay row transformation and spatial column transformation; elements having the amplitude value for satisfying the requirements in the transformed matrix implement the estimation for the time delay and the wave arrival direction. When the signal wave arrival direction is estimated, the limitation for the signal time delay is increased, so the time delay and the wave arrival direction of the signals are simultaneously estimated. The present invention reduces the interference among different signals and increases the accuracy of the result for the signal wave arrival direction estimation by utilizing the characteristic that the time delay and the wave arrival direction of different signals can not be simultaneously equal.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the reception technique in the wireless communication system receiver, relate to direction of arrival (DOA) estimation technique of wireless communication system received signal specifically.
Background technology
DOA estimates that method commonly used is to use FFT (fast fourier transform) method at a snap sampling, or utilizes repeatedly the snap sampled data to carry out statistical signal and handle the estimation that obtains the signal direction of arrival.Because this method is not utilized the temporal information of received signal well, be subjected to the influence of the multipath signal of different time arrival when therefore in wireless communication system, using easily, cause the inaccurate of direction of arrival estimation.Especially in narrowband wireless communication, bandwidth constraints makes that the signal interference ratio each other of different travel paths is bigger, can cause extremely adverse influence to the accuracy of estimated result.
Summary of the invention
Problem at above-mentioned prior art exists the object of the present invention is to provide a kind of method that can improve the direction of arrival accuracy of estimation of received signal.
For achieving the above object, the technical solution used in the present invention is: a kind of method that improves accuracy estimation of received signal wave arrival direction, and this method may further comprise the steps:
(1) channel estimating on each array element of acquisition unique user, described channel estimating is the signal sampling on the different footpaths that postpone, and judges that signal receiving antenna is tours antenna or linear antenna, if linear antenna, change step (3) and continue operation, otherwise continue following operation;
(2), utilize the angle of pitch of direction of arrival of signal known or that estimated, application of formula y (m)=Ty for tours antenna
0(m), m=1,2 ..., W does linear transformation;
(3) utilize channel estimating on each array element of described unique user that receives of linear antenna or tours antenna through the data after the conversion, constitute shape as
Data matrix X;
(4) each row of data matrix X is done the time delay line translation;
(5) each row that passes through the matrix that obtains after above-mentioned steps (4) conversion are done the spatial domain rank transformation;
(6) to the formula that has through obtaining after the above-mentioned conversion
The element of the matrix Y of structure is asked amplitude, seeks peak point;
(7) peak point is carried out descending sort according to the size of numerical value, L before taking out
kIndividual element, numerical value L
kPromptly being the number of wanting the signal of estimation time delay and direction of arrival, by they positions in matrix Y, is time delay and the direction of arrival that tours antenna or two kinds of situations of linear antenna are estimated corresponding signal according to signal receiving antenna.
In the described operation, also can do the spatial domain rank transformation to each row of data matrix X in described step (4) in the above, each row of the matrix that obtains after described step (5) is to the conversion of process described step (4) is done the time delay line translation;
Above described each row to matrix do the time delay line translation, carry out as follows:
For shape as
Arbitrary row [x
(1)(n) x
(2)(n) ... x
(P)(n)], m ∈ [1, P] wherein, carry out following processing:
A1) signal time delay is transformed to frequency field, calculate fast fourier transform, obtain [X
(m)(1) X
(m)(2) ... X
(m)(W)];
A2) make W
2For being not more than the maximum integer of W/2, adjusting and obtain new row vector:
[X
(m)(W
2+1)…X
(m)(W)X
(m)(1)…X
(m)(W
2)]；
A3) new row is vectorial by zero padding, extend to the length L of hope
2
A4) the capable vector after expanding is recomputated fast fourier transform.
Above described each row to matrix do the spatial domain rank transformation, carry out as follows:
For shape as
Arbitrary row [x
(1)(n) x
(2)(n) ... x
(P)(n)], n ∈ [1, W] wherein, carry out following processing:
B1) with column vector [x
(1)(n) ... x
(P)(n)]
TBy zero padding, extend to the length L of hope
1
B2) to the column vector calculation fast fourier transform after expanding.
The technical scheme that adopts by the invention described above as can be seen, because the present invention adopts the disposal route of room and time two-dimensional signal, when the estimated signal direction of arrival, increased restriction about signal time delay, therefore pass through the time delay and the direction of arrival of estimated signal simultaneously, the characteristics that can not equate simultaneously with the time delay of utilizing unlike signal and direction of arrival, reduced the interference between the unlike signal, make the correctness of signal direction of arrival estimated result increase, thereby can improve the performance that radio communication receives.
Description of drawings
The present invention is described in further detail below in conjunction with drawings and Examples.
Fig. 1 is the program circuit intention of the embodiment of the invention;
Embodiment
At first the principle to institute of the present invention foundation is elaborated.
Method of the present invention is the processing of the baseband signal that receives at each array element of antenna.By the channel estimating on each array element of frequency pilot sign acquisition unique user, with symbol h
(n)(m) expression,
Represent different array elements,
The different samplings constantly of expression.
At the difference of the antenna that adopts, method of the present invention also will be done some different processing.The received signal of tours antenna need be carried out following pre-service to signal for the received signal of linear antenna:
The annular radii of supposing tours antenna is r, carrier wavelength lambda, arriving signal pitching angle theta ∈ [0, pi/2] supposes known or has estimated, and makes M for being not more than min{2 π r/ λ, the maximum integer of N/2}, min{a, a is got in b} representative, less number among the b, ζ=2 π rsin θ/λ, (2M+1) * transformation matrix of N is:
Wherein,
The pre-service that the tours antenna received signal is done is exactly: the baseband signal column vector y of N * 1 that antenna is received
0(m) do as down conversion
Wherein
Jm (ζ) is that exponent number is the first kind Bei Sheer function of m, and on behalf of main diagonal element, diag{a, b} be respectively a, the diagonal matrix of b, V
HThe conjugate transpose of matrix V is got in representative,
Subscript T represents matrix transpose operation.The element number of equivalent signal column vector y (m) after the conversion is P=2M+1, here definition
Consider above-mentioned conversion, suppose that pending data are x
(n)(m), n=1 ..., P, m=1,2 ..., W.For tours antenna, P's is described as defined above; For linear antenna, P=N, x
(n)(m)=h
(n)(m).Definition P * W matrix:
Respectively the row and column of matrix X is handled, for processing procedure of each row of X, with the first behavior example:
A1) signal time delay is transformed to frequency field, calculate FFT, obtain [X
(1)(1) X
(1)(2) ... X
(1)(W)];
A2) make W
2For being not more than the maximum integer of W/2, adjusting and obtain new row vector
A3) new row is vectorial by zero padding, extend to the length L of hope
2
A4) the capable vector after expanding is recomputated FFT.
For convenience, name aforesaid operations step is the time delay line translation.Processing procedure and above-mentioned time delay line translation for each row of X are separate, therefore here still at the first row description operation step of X:
B1) improve the direction of arrival estimated resolution, with column vector [x
(1)(1) ... x
(P)(1)]
TBy zero padding, extend to the length L of hope
1
B2) to the column vector calculation FFT after expanding.
Equally for convenience, name aforesaid operations step is the spatial domain rank transformation.
Do the spatial domain rank transformation and each row of matrix is done the time delay line translation for each row to the data matrix recited above, do not have inevitable order, both can advanced line space territory rank transformation in the reality, also can carry out the time delay line translation earlier.
Suppose through the matrix that obtains after the conversion of above-mentioned row and column to be:
Above described length L
1And length L
2Be according to the time delay estimated resolution is required to determine.
Each element to matrix Y is asked amplitude, finds out peak point, and carries out descending sort according to the size of numerical value, according to the multipath signal Energy Estimation, selects to estimate L
kThe time delay and the direction of arrival of footpath signal are then got the preceding L after the ordering
kIndividual element, wherein L
kIt is the number of wanting the signal of estimation time delay and direction of arrival.Write down the position of the corresponding row and column of these numbers, suppose element y
(m1)(m
2) be preceding L
kArbitrary element in the individual element, then the time delay of the signal of element correspondence is [W-W (m
2-1)/L
2] T
c, T wherein
cBe chip period, if m
2=1, then the time delay of signal is estimated as 0.The direction of arrival Azimuth Estimation of the signal of corresponding tours antenna is 2 π (m
1-1)/L
1, unit is a radian.The estimation of corresponding linear antenna needs to calculate in two steps: at first calculate u=λ (m
1-1)/(2dL
1), if u＞1, then u=u-1; The signal calculated direction of arrival is sin then
-1(u), wherein, λ is a carrier wavelength, and d is the distance between the adjacent array element of linear antenna, sin
-1() represents arcsin function.
Being applied to TD-SCDMA (TD SDMA) system below by the present invention is described further the present invention.
In TD SDMA (TD-SCDMA) system, being used for time delay and direction of arrival associating estimated signals is through middle pilot tone (midamble) coded signal after the despreading, also can be the channel estimating signal through obtaining after the joint-detection.The antenna that supposing the system adopts is a tours antenna, and the signal that this antenna obtains is h
k (j)(n), j=1 wherein,
Represent different array elements, k=1 ... √ K represents different user, n=1 ..., W represents the estimation of different channels constantly.Because in full accord at the signal Processing step of different user, so the subscript k of representative of consumer is omitted in the introduction of back.
In this example, specific implementation process of the present invention is as follows, with reference to figure 1.In step 1, judge that it is tours antenna or linear antenna that signal receives, because this routine system employing is tours antenna, therefore continue following operation; In step 2,, need at first to handle, to each vectorial y through linear transformation at the baseband signal that tours antenna receives
0(n)=[h
(1)(n) ... h
(J)(n)]
T, n=1 ..., W will carry out formula y (m)=Ty
0(m), m=1,2 ..., the conversion of W.In step 3, the data of utilizing above-mentioned steps 2 process conversion are according to formula (2) structural matrix X, as mentioned before, hypothesis matrix X is the matrix of the capable W row of P, wishes matrix X is extended for the matrix that the capable N of M is listed as by zero padding, obtains the estimation of time delay and direction of arrival again by signal Processing, then in step 4, can do the time delay line translation to each row of X earlier, obtain the matrix of the capable N row of P, carry out the spatial domain rank transformation at each row of step 5 pair new matrix again; Perhaps earlier each row of X are done the spatial domain rank transformation, obtain the matrix of the capable W row of M, carry out time delay line translation at each row of step 5 pair new matrix again, the matrix Y of the capable N row of M that two kinds of methods can obtain ultimate demand in described step 4.In spatial domain rank transformation and time delay line translation, FFT calculates and also can replace with IFFT (inverse fast fourier transform) calculating, only need find out in the back after the peak point, does corresponding the adjustment and get final product when signal calculated time delay and direction of arrival estimated value.In step 6, find the solution the amplitude of each element of Y, find out peak point.Suppose only to need to estimate the time delay or the direction of arrival of two footpath signals, then select two maximum peak points.In step 7, peak point is carried out descending sort according to the size of numerical value, each peak point of location records that dashes at matrix by them is in which row and which row of matrix Y respectively, then can estimate this two pairing signal time delay of peak point and direction of arrival thus as follows: for any one the element y in above-mentioned two elements
(m1)(m
2), then the time delay of Dui Ying signal is [W-W (m
2-1)/L
2] T
c, the direction of arrival Azimuth Estimation of the signal of corresponding tours antenna is 2 π (m
1-1)/L
1
The present invention is applicable to and need carries out the mobile communication system that signal time delay or direction of arrival are estimated, the estimation of signal time delay and direction of arrival more accurately can be provided.
Claims (7)
1, a kind of method that improves accuracy estimation of received signal wave arrival direction is characterized in that, this method may further comprise the steps:
(1) channel estimating on each array element of acquisition unique user, described channel estimating is the signal sampling on the different footpaths that postpone, and judges that signal receiving antenna is tours antenna or linear antenna, if linear antenna, change step (3) and continue operation, otherwise continue following operation;
(2), utilize the angle of pitch of direction of arrival of signal known or that estimated, application of formula y (m)=Ty for tours antenna
0(m), m=1,2 ..., W does linear transformation;
(3) utilize channel estimating on each array element of described unique user that receives of linear antenna or tours antenna through the data after the conversion, constitute shape as
Data matrix X;
(4) each row of data matrix X is done the time delay line translation;
(5) each row that passes through the matrix that obtains after above-mentioned steps (4) conversion are done the spatial domain rank transformation;
(6) to the formula that has through obtaining after the above-mentioned conversion
The element of the matrix Y of structure is asked amplitude, seeks peak point;
(7) peak point is carried out descending sort according to the size of numerical value, L before taking out
kIndividual element, numerical value L
kPromptly be the number of wanting the signal of estimation time delay and direction of arrival, by preceding L
kThe position of individual element in matrix Y is time delay and the direction of arrival that tours antenna or two kinds of situations of linear antenna are estimated corresponding signal according to signal receiving antenna.
2, the method for raising accuracy estimation of received signal wave arrival direction according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: in described step (4) each row of data matrix X are done the spatial domain rank transformation, each row of the matrix that obtains after described step (5) is to the conversion of process described step (4) is done the time delay line translation;
3, the method for raising accuracy estimation of received signal wave arrival direction according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that: described each row to matrix is done the time delay line translation, carries out as follows: for shape as
Arbitrary row [x
(m)(1) x
(m)(2) ... x
(m)(W)], m ∈ [1, P] wherein, carry out following processing:
A1) signal time delay is transformed to frequency field, calculate fast fourier transform, obtain [X
(m)(1) X
(m)(2) ...-X
(m)(W)];
A2) make W
2For being not more than the maximum integer of W/2, adjusting and obtain new row vector:
[X
(m)(W
2+1)…X
(m)(W)X
(m)(1)…X
(m)(W
2)]；
A3) new row is vectorial by zero padding, extend to the length L of hope
2
A4) the capable vector after expanding is recomputated fast fourier transform.
4, the method for raising accuracy estimation of received signal wave arrival direction according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that: described each row to matrix are done the spatial domain rank transformation, carry out as follows: for shape as
Arbitrary row [x
(1)(n) x
(2)(n) ... x
(P)(n)], n ∈ [1, W] wherein, carry out following processing:
B1) with column vector [x
(1)(n) ... x
(P)(n)]
TBy zero padding, extend to the length L of hope
1
B2) to the column vector calculation fast fourier transform after expanding.
5, the method for raising accuracy estimation of received signal wave arrival direction according to claim 3 is characterized in that: described length L
2Be according to the time delay estimated resolution is required to determine.
6, the method for raising accuracy estimation of received signal wave arrival direction according to claim 4 is characterized in that: described length L
1Be according to the direction of arrival estimated resolution is required to determine.
7, the method for raising accuracy estimation of received signal wave arrival direction according to claim 4, it is characterized in that: described according to signal receiving antenna be tours antenna or and two kinds of situations of linear antenna estimate to carry out the time delay and the direction of arrival of corresponding signal according to following method:
For preceding L
kAny one element y in the individual element
(m1)(m
2), then the time delay of Dui Ying signal is [W-W (m
2-1)/L
2] T
c, T wherein
cIt is chip period; The direction of arrival Azimuth Estimation of the signal of corresponding tours antenna is 2 π (m
1-1)/L
1, unit is a radian, the estimation of corresponding linear antenna obtains by following step: at first calculate u=λ (m
1-1)/(2dL
1), if u＞1, then u=u-1; The signal calculated direction of arrival is sin then
-1(u), wherein, λ is a carrier wavelength, and d is the distance between the adjacent array element of linear antenna, sin
-1() represents arcsin function.
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|---|---|---|---|
| CN 01119302 CN1199052C (en) | 2001-05-26 | 2001-05-26 | Method of raising accuracy estimation of received signal wave arrival direction |
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|---|---|---|---|
| CN 01119302 CN1199052C (en) | 2001-05-26 | 2001-05-26 | Method of raising accuracy estimation of received signal wave arrival direction |
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| CN1199052C true CN1199052C (en) | 2005-04-27 |
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Families Citing this family (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1262130C (en) * | 2003-03-31 | 2006-06-28 | 大唐移动通信设备有限公司 | Method of estimating space reaching direction of fixed wave beam |
| EP1958001B1 (en) * | 2005-07-28 | 2011-10-05 | Samel 90 AD | Transmitter of active barrage radio jamming transmission and method for manufacturing the same |
| CN102385049A (en) * | 2011-08-10 | 2012-03-21 | 西安交通大学 | Two-dimensional coherent signal direction estimation method based on double parallel arrays |
| CN103558584B (en) * | 2013-10-12 | 2016-08-17 | 中国科学院电子学研究所 | The detection method of a kind of direction of arrival and device |
| CN105137437B (en) * | 2015-07-20 | 2017-12-29 | 中国科学院声学研究所 | A kind of object detection method based on the weighting of spatial domain phase variance |
| CN107592141A (en) * | 2016-07-08 | 2018-01-16 | 北京信威通信技术股份有限公司 | A kind of method and device for obtaining beam gain |
| CN109471063B (en) * | 2018-11-06 | 2022-10-28 | 江西师范大学 | Uniform linear array high-resolution direction-of-arrival estimation method based on delayed snapshot |
| CN111257913A (en) * | 2019-11-29 | 2020-06-09 | 交通运输部长江通信管理局 | Beidou satellite signal capturing method and device |
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