CN1197186A

CN1197186A - Directly-firing liquid heating furnace (appts.) with spiral fire duct

Info

Publication number: CN1197186A
Application number: CN 98111172
Authority: CN
Inventors: 吴植仁
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 1998-03-10
Filing date: 1998-03-10
Publication date: 1998-10-28

Abstract

A direct combustion type of liquid heater with spiral fire way for heating, gasifying, or concentrating different kinds of liquid is composed of burner, combustion chamber, radiation heating segment, convection heating segment, flue, chimney, ash discharge port, liquid inlet and outlet, steam outlet, blow down port, casing and meters, and features that liquid is heated by a spiral fire way via an isolating wall. Its advantages are simple and compact structure, small size, light weight, high heat efficiency and easy operation.

Description

A kind of directly-firing liquid heating furnace (device) of tool spiral quirk

The invention belongs to liquid heater, be applicable to liquid heating, vaporization and the occasion that concentrates.

In human lives and each field of production, need various liquid heating or evaporation.High pressure generator in for example various boilers, water heater, tea furnace, concentration pan, evaporimeter, crystallizer, heat-conducting oil furnace, the bromine cooling machine group or the like.Although working medium, purposes, effect and the operating mode difference of their heating are very big, following common ground is all arranged: 1, all have burner and combustion chamber.Its effect is to obtain high-temp combustion flue gas (hereinafter to be referred as flue gas) with various fuel (solid, liquid, gaseous fuel) burning; 2, flue gas is passed to liquid to be heated through overshoot, conduction and convection current with heat; 3, flue gas is passed to heat and is lowered the temperature into waste gas behind the liquid and arranged in environment by chimney; 4, be that effectively tissue conducts heat and flow of flue gas, be provided with flue gas flow channel (also claiming quirk or flue) in the stove; 5, heat is to pass to liquid to be heated by partition; 6, need there be a shell envelope to become a system with the environment facies packing; 7, when being heated liquid and undergoing phase transition (vaporization), the heating furnace domestic demand has enough vaporization spaces, when being heated liquid and not having phase transformation, can not want vaporization space, only needs add (water) case that expands and get final product in the liquid outlet pipeline.

By the system that above each several part is formed, we are referred to as directly-firing liquid heating furnace (device) by system.

Can be classified as follows directly-firing liquid heating furnace (device):

1, press the fuel type branch, can be divided into: (1) coal stove, comprising layer combustion stove, coal dust furnace, fluidized combustion stove, cool water mixture burning stove; (2) oil burner; (3) gas furnace; (4) hybrid fuel stove.

2, by being heated the liquid working substance branch, can be divided into: (1) simple substance stove such as steam oven, water heater; (2) polynary working medium stove is as heating medium for high temperature stove, heat-conducting oil furnace, mixed solution heating furnace, the high pressure generator in the lithium bromide unit etc.

3, have or not phase variation by being heated liquid, can be divided into: (1) no phase-change furnace, water heater, warming stove, heat-conducting oil furnace and the heating medium for high temperature stove used as domestic hot-water supply; (2) phase-change furnace is arranged, as high pressure generator in steam boiler, concentration pan, evaporimeter, crystallizing evaporator, still distillation device, reboiler, the lithium bromide unit or the like.

Up to now, in the business-like various liquid heaters, flue gas conducts heat to liquid convection and has only two kinds of structural shapes.Be two kinds in fire tube (flue gas is walked in the pipe, and being heated liquid, to walk pipe outer) and water pipe (be heated liquid walk in the pipe flue gas walk outside the pipe).Fire tube boiler simple in structure, easy to manufacture, easy to operate.But compactedness is very poor, volume is big, from great, filling amount is many, startability is very poor.The pluses and minuses of water pipe stove just in time in contrast.

After being heated liquid heating, need circulation time, for example the high pressure generator in water heater, heat-conducting oil furnace and the bromine cooling machine group used of heating.The requirement startability is good, more needs the liquid heating furnace (device) that a kind of compactedness is good, filling amount is few.Regrettably owing to the difficulty in the processing, the present warming stove of China, heat-conducting oil furnace all are the fire tube structures.In the bromine cooling machine industry except that indivedual producers from external introduction waterpipe type is occurred frequently, most producers all adopt fire-tube type occurred frequently.Compare with external unit and to have a long way to go.Thereby research and develop that a kind of to make the high pressure generator simple, that compactedness is high, filling amount is few be the urgent and glorious task of pendulum in face of China's bromine cooling machine industry.

Various liquid heating furnaces (device) are because the fuel difference of using, the combustion system difference, and burner is different.Burner is arranged in liquid heating furnace (device), structure also is very different.This respect does not belong to the technical field that the present invention relates to.A total inventive concept of the present invention is: the runner (quirk) of the high-temperature flue gas that makes burning by a spiral heats liquid through the partition of isolating with liquid.It and traditional fire tube or water pipe structure are diverse.

In the various liquid heating furnaces (device), the most complicated when the high pressure generator that push away in the bromine cooling machine group.Liquid wherein is that a complex solution, the temperature that phase transformation, liquid are arranged, concentration, evaporation (generation) pressure all have strict demand.And lithium bromide has stronger corrosivity to metal.In view of the above, the present invention will be that the typical case discusses with the high pressure generator.Other field (as various boilers, heat-conducting oil furnace, reboiler, evaporimeter etc.) expansion in liquid heating furnace (device) successively on this basis.For making China's directly-firing liquid heating furnace (device) reach the world lead level effort.

Purpose of the present invention aims to provide a kind of directly-firing liquid heating furnace (device) of tool spiral quirk.It is made up of burner, combustion chamber, radiation heating section, Convective Heating section, flue, chimney, cleaning door, liquid entrance, venthole, sewage draining exit, shell and temperature, pressure, liquid level measuring instrument.The high-temperature flue gas that it is characterized in that burning is by a spiral helicine runner (quirk), through partition liquid is heated with the liquid isolation, evaporation, liquid shape in the shape of a spiral flows, also can flow with the perpendicular direction in spiral road, liquid can be immersion, it can also be the spray webbing shape, liquid can have phase transformation also can not have phase transformation, when phase transformation, on the liquid level in the liquid heating furnace (device) evaporation (generation) space should be arranged, when not having phase transformation, can have living space on the liquid level can not have the space yet, when not having the space, on the pipeline of liquid outlet, should establish expansion (water) case.

That this novel liquid heating furnace (device) has is simple in structure, easy to manufacture, the thermal efficiency is high, easy to operate, compactedness good, volume is little, in light weight, advantage such as filling amount is little, startability is good.

The invention will be further described below in conjunction with accompanying drawing.

Fig. 1 is the high pressure generator vertical section schematic diagram of bromine cooling machine group.Fig. 2 is its schematic cross section.Fuel is sent in the combustion chamber 2 through burning into high-temperature flue gas by burner 1.The combustion chamber is cooled and overlaps 3 encirclements, wherein is full of lithium-bromide solution to be heated.Its effect has two, one, prevents that chamber wall is by scaling loss; The 2nd, the heat of absorption high-temperature flue gas.Here based on radiant heat transfer, so also can be referred to as radiant section.Flue gas leaves radiant section and enters into convection section.The quirk 4 of convection section is shape in the shape of a spiral.Flue gas along the spiral road by counterclockwise (referring to Fig. 2, when being dextrorotation as the spiral road certainly then in the direction of the clock) mobile.Arrange in environment by chimney 5 at last.Rare lithium-bromide solution is sent into by weak solution inlet 12, enters in the high pressure generator through coolant jacket 3.The water channel 7 adjacent with spiral quirk 4 be shape in the shape of a spiral also.Lithium-bromide solution to be heated is heated and the steam bubble that produces that seethes with excitement is done vertically upward in vaporization chamber 8 vaporizations (generation).Carry solution particulates secretly for the refrigerant vapour that prevents and pollute water as refrigerant.Be provided with liquid barrier 9 on the top of vaporization chamber 8.Refrigerant vapour after vapour-liquid is separated is sent to low pressure generator by outlet 11.High pressure generator makes and the environment packing with shell 10.Concentrated solution after concentrating is discharged by concentrated solution outlet 14 through liquid capsule 13, goes absorber to become weak solution after the solution heat exchanger cooling, is sent to by weak solution inlet 12 and has finished the solution circulation in the high pressure generator.Because solution recycles, not only can reduce the consumption of expensive lithium bromide so reduce filling amount, and improve the startability of unit greatly.When needs are changed lithium-bromide solution, can drain by sewage draining exit 19.20 is cleaning door.6 is liquid.

In order further to reduce filling amount, augmentation of heat transfer and generating process simultaneously.Immersion generator shown in Figure 1 can be changed into the membranaceous generation of spray as shown in Figure 3.Its basic structure and immersion identical just increased by a cover spray liquid distribution system.Fig. 3 is its vertical section schematic diagram.Liquid capsule 13 positions are lower, with pump 16 solution pump delivered to spray equipment 15, make solution become the wall surface of membranaceous distribution spiral channel equably.Liquid is membranaceous and flows downward and be heated vaporization.Compare with immersion, its advantage be filling amount still less, it is better to conduct heat.Shortcoming is to have increased a pump.

Do not undergo phase transition when liquid to be heated heats, the purpose of heating is that liquid is carried out circulation time as thermophore between liquid heating furnace (device) and user's (load), then can not stay vaporization (evaporation) space in liquid heating furnace (device).Be full of liquid in it, for example water in heating medium for high temperature (conduction oil, dissolved salt) and the hot-water heating stove etc.They circulate between liquid heating furnace (device) and user's (load).

Fig. 4 is the system schematic of this circulation.The liquid thermophore is heated in liquid heating furnace (device) 18.Because specific volume increases, expansion (water) case 19 need be set in pipe network.The liquid thermophore is recycled in the liquid heating furnace (device) 18 after user's (load) cooling.As rising be sent to user's (load) and the severe difference of the liquid thermophore that descend to reflux by user's (load) bigger, when being enough to overcome the resistance of system, the liquid thermophore can carry out Natural Circulation (as shown in Figure 4).When the severe difference is not enough to overcome SR, need in pipe network, add a pump, carry out forced circulation.(not showing among Fig. 4)

In some occasion, do not allow excessively when the pressure of flue gas in stove falls, perhaps the fuel ash of Shi Yonging is bigger, and the ash content that often remove in the spiral quirk can adopt the multi-head spiral quirk, and Fig. 5 is its vertical section schematic diagram.

Fig. 5 for a kind of be the liquid heating furnace (device) that fuel carries out layer combustion with the coal.Coal adds coal-fired layer 23 upper strata from coal filling hole 25, and the air that is entered by grate 24 bottoms burns, and the flue gas of generation rises to annular flue 22, divides bull to enter into the spiral quirk, focuses on chimney 5 then and arranges in environment.The lime-ash that burns regularly goes out clearly from breast hole 26.The liquid vapour of heating vaporization is discharged by venthole 11.There is the dust in the spiral quirk in collection, can be cleared up by cleaning door 20 usefulness flexible axle deashing instruments.Fire-resistant, the insulating brick 21 of high-temperature part liner of bottom is provided with sewage draining exit 19 in the bottom of spiral channel, to drain liquid and the periodical blowdown in the stove in the shell 10.

Based on the above-mentioned total inventive concept of the present invention,, just can make the plurality of devices that can satisfy the different process requirement as long as change the kind that is heated liquid.Be exactly steam boiler, water heating tea boiler or a hot water space heating boiler during for working medium for example with water.When being working medium, be exactly a heat-conducting oil furnace with the conduction oil.Is exactly a concentration pan, evaporimeter with the aqueous solution during for working medium.When being working medium, be exactly a reboiler, distillation still, flash heater, heating furnace or the like with various organic solutions or multi-kinds mixtures liquid.Although the occasion that they are used, the purpose of heating vary, their basic design is the same.So repeat no more.

Claims

1. the directly-firing liquid heating furnace (device) of a tool spiral quirk, it is by burner, combustion chamber, radiation heating section, Convective Heating section, flue, cleaning door, liquid entrance, venthole, sewage draining exit, shell and temperature, pressure, liquid level measuring instrument are formed.It is characterized in that the high-temperature flue gas that burns heats liquid through the partition with the liquid isolation by a spiral helicine runner (quirk), helical form runner (quirk) can be the single head spiral, can also be multi-head spiral.

2. the directly-firing liquid heating furnace (device) of a tool spiral quirk as claimed in claim 1, shape is mobile in the shape of a spiral to it is characterized in that the interior heated liquid of liquid heating furnace (device), also can be with the perpendicular direction in spiral road and flow, liquid can be immersion, it also can be the spray webbing shape, liquid can have phase transformation, can also there be phase transformation, when phase transformation, evaporation (generation) space should be arranged, on the liquid level when not having phase transformation, can leave the space on the liquid level, can also not spacing, when not having the space, expansion (water) case should be set on the pipeline of liquid outlet.