CN1193839C - Superplastic forming process of titanium alloy corrugated pipe - Google Patents
Superplastic forming process of titanium alloy corrugated pipe Download PDFInfo
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- CN1193839C CN1193839C CNB021213232A CN02121323A CN1193839C CN 1193839 C CN1193839 C CN 1193839C CN B021213232 A CNB021213232 A CN B021213232A CN 02121323 A CN02121323 A CN 02121323A CN 1193839 C CN1193839 C CN 1193839C
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Abstract
The present invention provides superplastic forming method of titanium alloy corrugated pipes, which relates to the manufacturing method of corrugated pipes and corrugated-type expansion joints. The method comprises the following steps: a. pipe blank manufacturing, making a titanium alloy seamless pipe or welded pipe into a sealed pipe blank, and forming an air charging port at one end; b. heating, putting the pipe blank into a mould with a multi-layered mould structure, and then heating the pipe blank into the superplastic forming temperature of 650 to 1000 DEG of the titanium alloy; c. expansion, charging air into the pipe blank with pressure of 0.1 to 1MPa to make the pipe blank expand outwards; d. mould combination, applying compressive loads to the mould along an axial direction to press and combine the moulds; e. formation, continuously increasing air pressure into the pipe blank to make the pressure reach 1.5 to 3.0MPa, making the pipe blank completely fill the mould; finally obtaining finished products by cool demoulding. The corrugated pipes and the corrugated-type expansion joints processed by the method is capable of bearing large internal pressure, and is high is forming accuracy.
Description
Technical field: type of the present invention relates to the manufacture method of a kind of bellows and corrugated-type expansion joint.
Background technology: titanium alloy is a kind of natural superplastic material, and many titanium alloys just have a stable fine grained texture that waits at industry supply of material state.With regard to present result of study, alpha titanium alloy, beta-titanium alloy and alpha+beta titanium alloys all can be realized superplasticity to some extent, wherein be best especially with the alpha+beta titanium alloys, the percentage elongation of Ti-6Al-4V can reach more than 1000%, but the cold-forming property of titanium alloy is very poor.At present, the preparation method of bellows and corrugated-type expansion joint has methods such as hydroforming, rolling forming, mechanical bulging, welding forming and deposition formation.The deposition formation method can only be produced the nickel material; The bellows of welding forming and corrugated-type expansion joint can not bear interior pressure, thereby are not suitable for using on the pressure vessel; Because the cold deformation drag of titanium is big, resilience serious, plasticity is not high, cold-forming property is poor, thereby is not suitable for the processing method of hydroforming, rolling forming and mechanical bulging.
Summary of the invention: the method that the invention provides a kind of titanium alloy corrugated pipe superplastic forming.This method is suitable for titanium alloy corrugated tube and corrugated-type expansion joint are processed, and bellows of being processed and corrugated-type expansion joint can bear bigger interior pressure, and the forming accuracy height.Manufacturing process of the present invention is undertaken by following step: a, making pipe, and titanium alloy seamless pipe or welded tube are made the pipe of a sealing, and at one end leave inflation inlet; B, heating process are packed pipe in the mould of multilayer film structure into, subsequently with heating of pipe blank to 650～1000 ℃ of the superplastic forming temperature of titanium alloy; C, bulging process charge into gas in pipe, the pressure that charges into gas is 0.1～1MPa, make the outside bulging of pipe; D, matched moulds process to applying compressive load, make each module pressing at mould shaft; E, forming process, continuing increases air pressure in pipe, make its pressure reach 1.5～3.0MPa, makes the complete mold filling of pipe, after cooling and demolding is promptly made finished product.The gas that charges in pipe in the bulging process is inert gas or nitrogen.After in above-mentioned bulging process, in pipe, charging into gas, need pressurize 10～60 minutes.In above-mentioned forming process, in pipe, after the pressurization, need pressurize 5～30 minutes.Bulging process and matched moulds process are carried out simultaneously.The objective of the invention is to utilize titanium alloy at high temperature to have this character of superplasticity, the method of the compound superplastic forming that adopts superplastic gas-bulging and axially load is produced titanium alloy corrugated pipe and corrugated-type expansion joint, thereby provides a kind of economy, effective, practical production technology for the shaping of titanium alloy corrugated pipe and corrugated-type expansion joint.The present invention is suitable for making and has superplastic titanium alloy U-shaped bellows and wave mode expansion joint, and its nominal pressure is less than 2.5MPa, and its diameter is unrestricted.The present invention is particularly suitable for processing the big expansion joint of depth of convolution parameter.Manufacturing process of the present invention is compared with welding forming, and can bear than imperial palace and press, and the forming accuracy height; Compare with mechanical bulging with rolling forming, equipment is simpler, yield rate is high, cost is low.In the process of the present invention, because the pressure of pressurization bulging process is generally greater than several times of operating pressure, so drip molding need not carry out pressure detecting, and do not have residual stress; Because the pressure when being shaped is less, so the long service life of mould.
Description of drawings: Fig. 1 is the structural representation of heating process in the specific embodiment one, Fig. 2 is the structural representation of bulging process in the specific embodiment one, Fig. 3 is the structural representation of matched moulds process and forming process in the specific embodiment one, Fig. 4 is the sectional view of bellows, and Fig. 5 is the A-A cutaway view of Fig. 1.
The specific embodiment one: the pipe of present embodiment is to adopt the thick Ti-6Al-4V annealed state thin plate of 1.28mm to make the pipe 6 of upper-lower seal, in pipe 6 lower ends inflation inlet 6-1 is arranged.Heating process is to carry out (consulting Fig. 1) in the superplastic forming machine, the superplastic forming machine by body of heater 2, the pressure head 1 that is located at body of heater 2 tops, the upper cover plate 8 that is connected with pressure head 1, be located at the bracing frame 11 of body of heater 2 inside and the base plates 9 that are connected above the bracing frame 11 are formed.Mould adopts the mould of multilayer film structure, and its module number adds 1 for the ripple number, and counterdie 5 is positioned on the base plate 9, and patrix 3 is installed in loam cake 8 times, and middle mould 4 adopts the split-type structure, so that the demoulding (referring to Fig. 5).Before the dress mould, pipe 6 outer surfaces are coated high-temperature anti-oxidant, at high temperature not oxidized with the protection titanium alloy, and on mould with bellows contact position graphite spraying powder, its purpose one is to reduce the friction of mould and pipe, improves evenness of wall thickness; The 2nd, be convenient to the drip molding demoulding.With pipe 6 installations, at first counterdie 5 and base plate 9 are welded together then, the inflation inlet 6-1 with pipe 6 welds together with breather pipe 10, and draws by groove between base plate.Middle mould 4 with the split-type structure is assembled together again, and is sleeved on the outside of pipe 6, and patrix 3 is installed at last, and with pull bar 12 patrix 3, middle mould 4 and counterdie 5 is connected.Pipe 6 after the assembling is sent in the superplastic forming machine.Next step is pipe 6 to be heated to 927 ℃ of the superplastic forming temperature of titanium alloy, and is incubated 1 hour.The gas that charges in pipe 6 in the bulging process is argon gas, and its pressure is 0.2MPa, and pressurize 30 minutes, makes pipe 6 produce suitable plastic deformation, and this moment, single ripple bus length of pipe 6 was slightly less than single ripple bus long (consulting Fig. 2) of institute's machining bellows.The size of bulging stage inner barrel forming pressure and will coordinating between pressing time, low as forming pressure, pressing time is short, then after the mould pressing, the ripple nose part continues bulging and causes local wall thickness attenuate amount excessive away from mould, and the bellows wall unevenness is even, otherwise long when shaping pressure height, pressing time, cause that like this barrel distortion amount is excessive so that can not matched moulds.The pressure head 1 that makes the superplastic forming machine in the matched moulds process makes patrix 3, middle mould 4, counterdie 5 pressings slowly to pressing down.In forming process, continuation aerating in pipe 6 is depressed into 3MPa, and pressurize 10 minutes, make the complete mold filling of pipe (consulting Fig. 3), last shaping stage air pressure is suitable, and is excessive as air pressure, it is not tight that the upper, middle and lower mould is closed, influence the precision of drip molding, too small as air pressure, then cause the high commissure of intensity mold filling deficiency.Last step is the argon gas of emitting in the bellows 7 of shaping, lifts forcing press, make in the body of heater 1 and be cooled to room temperature, and the demoulding of coming out of the stove.
The specific embodiment two: present embodiment is with the specific embodiment-different is that it is undertaken by following step: a, making pipe, and titanium alloy seamless pipe or welded tube are made the pipe of a sealing, and at one end leave inflation inlet; B, heating process are packed pipe in the mould of multilayer film structure into, subsequently with heating of pipe blank to 650～1000 ℃ of the superplastic forming temperature of titanium alloy; C, bulging matched moulds process charge into gas in pipe, the pressure that charges into gas is 0.1～1MPa, make the outside bulging of pipe, and simultaneously at mould shaft to applying compressive load, make each module pressing; D, forming process, continuing increases air pressure in pipe, make its pressure reach 1.5～3.0MPa, makes the complete mold filling of pipe, after cooling and demolding is promptly made finished product.Other method and parameter are identical with the specific embodiment one.
The size and dimension of above-mentioned mould inside is identical with the size and dimension of bellows, and the die joint place of each module is positioned at the crest place of each ripple of bellows.Distance L between each module is pressed following formula and is determined: L=π (r
1+ r
2+ t)+2a-2w; The size of pipe is determined by following formula: the height H of pipe=nf[π (r
1+ r
2+ t)+2a]+2L
4+ C, the wall thickness t of pipe
0=mt; The w-bellows pitch of waves in the formula, n-corrugated tube wave number, t-bellows wall thickness, r
1-bellows crest radius, r
2-bellows trough radius, a-bellows crest, trough transition region vertical wall section length, L
4-bellows straight section length, C-(gets 10～20mm), m-coefficient (getting 1.1～1.25), f-coefficient (getting 0.95～0.98) because of the allowance that end cap stayed of removing pipe.
Claims (5)
1, the method for titanium alloy corrugated pipe superplastic forming is characterized in that it is undertaken by following step: a, make pipe, titanium alloy seamless pipe or welded tube are made the pipe of a sealing, and at one end leave inflation inlet; B, heating process, the dress mould before, pipe 6 outer surfaces are coated high-temperature anti-oxidant, and on mould with bellows contact position graphite spraying powder, pipe is packed in the mould of multilayer film structure, subsequently with heating of pipe blank to 650～1000 ℃ of the superplastic forming temperature of titanium alloy; C, bulging process charge into gas in pipe, described gas is inert gas or nitrogen, and the pressure that charges into gas is 0.1～1MPa, make the outside bulging of pipe; D, matched moulds process to applying compressive load, make each module pressing at mould shaft; E, forming process, continuing increases air pressure in pipe, make its pressure reach 1.5～3.0MPa, makes the complete mold filling of pipe, after cooling and demolding is promptly made finished product.
2, the method for titanium alloy corrugated pipe superplastic forming according to claim 1 after it is characterized in that charging into gas in pipe in above-mentioned bulging process, needs pressurize 10～60 minutes.
3, the method for titanium alloy corrugated pipe superplastic forming according to claim 1 is characterized in that in above-mentioned forming process, after the pressurization, needs pressurize 5～30 minutes in pipe.
4, the method for titanium alloy corrugated pipe superplastic forming according to claim 1 is characterized in that middle mould (4) adopts the split-type structure.
5, the method for titanium alloy corrugated pipe superplastic forming is characterized in that it is undertaken by following step: a, make pipe, titanium alloy seamless pipe or welded tube are made the pipe of a sealing, and at one end leave inflation inlet; B, heating process are packed pipe in the mould of multilayer film structure into, subsequently with heating of pipe blank to 650～1000 ℃ of the superplastic forming temperature of titanium alloy; C, bulging matched moulds process charge into gas in pipe, the pressure that charges into gas is 0.1～1MPa, make the outside bulging of pipe, and simultaneously at mould shaft to applying compressive load, make each module pressing; D, forming process, continuing increases air pressure in pipe, make its pressure reach 1.5～3.0MPa, makes the complete mold filling of pipe, after cooling and demolding is promptly made finished product.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNB021213232A CN1193839C (en) | 2002-06-14 | 2002-06-14 | Superplastic forming process of titanium alloy corrugated pipe |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNB021213232A CN1193839C (en) | 2002-06-14 | 2002-06-14 | Superplastic forming process of titanium alloy corrugated pipe |
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| CN1383943A CN1383943A (en) | 2002-12-11 |
| CN1193839C true CN1193839C (en) | 2005-03-23 |
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| CNB021213232A Expired - Fee Related CN1193839C (en) | 2002-06-14 | 2002-06-14 | Superplastic forming process of titanium alloy corrugated pipe |
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Cited By (1)
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| CN102359691A (en) * | 2011-08-31 | 2012-02-22 | 南京三邦金属复合材料有限公司 | TA9 expansion joint manufacturing method |
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2002
- 2002-06-14 CN CNB021213232A patent/CN1193839C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102359691A (en) * | 2011-08-31 | 2012-02-22 | 南京三邦金属复合材料有限公司 | TA9 expansion joint manufacturing method |
| CN102359691B (en) * | 2011-08-31 | 2012-10-17 | 南京三邦金属复合材料有限公司 | TA9 expansion joint manufacturing method |
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| CN1383943A (en) | 2002-12-11 |
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