CN1191497A - 水溶性的钴催化剂、它们的制备方法和它们在包括聚乙二醇作为极性相的两相体系中作为加氢甲酰化催化剂的应用 - Google Patents

水溶性的钴催化剂、它们的制备方法和它们在包括聚乙二醇作为极性相的两相体系中作为加氢甲酰化催化剂的应用 Download PDF

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CN1191497A
CN1191497A CN96195733A CN96195733A CN1191497A CN 1191497 A CN1191497 A CN 1191497A CN 96195733 A CN96195733 A CN 96195733A CN 96195733 A CN96195733 A CN 96195733A CN 1191497 A CN1191497 A CN 1191497A
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catalyst
phase
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hydroformylation
water
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U·里特尔
N·文克霍尔
H·罗斯基
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Hoechst AG
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01JCHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J31/00Catalysts comprising hydrides, coordination complexes or organic compounds
    • B01J31/16Catalysts comprising hydrides, coordination complexes or organic compounds containing coordination complexes
    • B01J31/1608Catalysts comprising hydrides, coordination complexes or organic compounds containing coordination complexes the ligands containing silicon
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01JCHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J31/00Catalysts comprising hydrides, coordination complexes or organic compounds
    • B01J31/16Catalysts comprising hydrides, coordination complexes or organic compounds containing coordination complexes
    • B01J31/20Carbonyls
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07CACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07C45/00Preparation of compounds having >C = O groups bound only to carbon or hydrogen atoms; Preparation of chelates of such compounds
    • C07C45/49Preparation of compounds having >C = O groups bound only to carbon or hydrogen atoms; Preparation of chelates of such compounds by reaction with carbon monoxide
    • C07C45/50Preparation of compounds having >C = O groups bound only to carbon or hydrogen atoms; Preparation of chelates of such compounds by reaction with carbon monoxide by oxo-reactions
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07FACYCLIC, CARBOCYCLIC OR HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS CONTAINING ELEMENTS OTHER THAN CARBON, HYDROGEN, HALOGEN, OXYGEN, NITROGEN, SULFUR, SELENIUM OR TELLURIUM
    • C07F15/00Compounds containing elements of Groups 8, 9, 10 or 18 of the Periodic Table
    • C07F15/06Cobalt compounds
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01JCHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J2231/00Catalytic reactions performed with catalysts classified in B01J31/00
    • B01J2231/30Addition reactions at carbon centres, i.e. to either C-C or C-X multiple bonds
    • B01J2231/32Addition reactions to C=C or C-C triple bonds
    • B01J2231/321Hydroformylation, metalformylation, carbonylation or hydroaminomethylation
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01JCHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J2531/00Additional information regarding catalytic systems classified in B01J31/00
    • B01J2531/80Complexes comprising metals of Group VIII as the central metal
    • B01J2531/84Metals of the iron group
    • B01J2531/845Cobalt

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Abstract

本发明涉及式(Ⅰ)的羰基钴催化剂,其中,R是-CH(CH2OCH2CH2)2或-C2H4(OCH2CH2)nOY,n=1—12,Y=H或CH3,也涉及它们的制备方法和它们作为加氢甲酰化催化剂的应用。

Description

水溶性的钴催化剂、它们的制备方法 和它们在包括聚乙二醇作为极性相的 两相体系中作为加氢甲酰化催化剂的应用
本发明涉及水溶性钴催化剂、它们的制备方法和它们在包括聚乙二醇作为极性相的一种两相体系中作为加氢甲酰化催化剂的应用。
水溶性催化剂具有很大的工业优越性,这是由于催化剂易于分离且同时作为均相反应的结果,催化剂的选择性高。由于催化剂易于分离所致的能耗显著下降和同时由于选择性高所致的不希望有的副产物量的下降,导致了对开发两相催化剂的兴趣增加。
因此存在提供这类其它化合物的需要。
这一目的可通过式(I)的羰基钴催化剂来达到:
Figure A9619573300041
其中R是-CH(CH2OCH2CH2)2或-C2H4(OCH2CH2)nOY,其中n=1-12,Y=H或CH3
本发明化合物是通过将式(II)化合物与醇ROH反应制备的,
Figure A9619573300051
此处,X是OH或氯,R如上定义。
式(II)化合物是按D.Seyferth,有机金属化学杂志,1979,178,227-247中的方法制备的。
式(I)化合物在烃烃的加氢甲酰化中具有高转化率和高化学选择性。具有特别意义的是,式CH3(CH2)mCH=CH2(m=2-9)的烯烃在包括聚乙二醇作为极性相的一种两相体系中的反应。现已发现,在50-150℃、50-100KPa和催化剂:反应物的浓度比为1∶20-1∶1000的条件下操作是适用的。实施例1
将0.574g(1mmo1)三钴九羰基甲撑三氯甲硅烷(Tricobalt-nonacarbonylmethylindintrichlorsilan)吸收在10ml聚乙烯400中,并在CO气氛中,在80℃加热24小时。随后滤出沉滤。CO含量是13.75g/1(由原子吸收光谱测定)。该化合物是以在聚乙二醇400中的溶液形式存在、并具有强紫色。它与水是完全共溶的,与非极性溶剂(己烷、戊烷等)实际上不互溶。
该溶液的IR谱显示了在羰基区域中的下列谱带:
1887cm-1、1979cm-1、1995cm-1、2029cm-1、2060cm-1。实施例2
将0.574g(1mmo1)三钴九羰基甲撑三氯甲硅烷吸收在10ml1,3-二乙氧基-2-丙醇中,并在CO气氛中、于60℃加热24小时。然后在高真空中蒸馏掉过剩的醇。得到的化合物是以紫色高粘性溶液形式存在。该化合物的液体石蜡中的IR谱显示了在羰基区域中的下列谱带:2037cm-1、2056cm-1
1H-NMR谱显示了三组信号,各位于:1.03ppm(CH3,d,6H);3.26ppm(CH2,q,4H);3.42ppm(CH2,m,4H);4.01ppm(CH,m,1H)(在d6-苯中测得)。29Si-NMR谱在-53.8ppm(在d8-THF中测得)处显示了单信号。实施例3-6
在1项下制得的化合物在聚乙二醇400中进行的1-己烯加氢甲酰化反应中的应用:
在100ml实验室高压釜中进行催化试验。在一个典型的反应中,2ml已按下述方法制得的聚乙二醇溶液被加入并与2ml1-己烯(16mmol)混合,所说方法是:按(I)所述的方式使三钴九羰基甲撑三氯甲硅烷与聚乙二醇400反应。然后该高压釜充加以70KPa的CO与H21/1的混合物。在搅拌下在120℃加热反应混合物18小时。反应后,加入4ml戊烷以有助于相分离,且作相分离。上部的非极性相含戊烷和反应产物,它们通过与可靠样对比来作气相色谱法鉴定或通过GC-MS鉴定。庚烷用作内标。下部的聚乙二醇相含催化剂可不经预处理而重复使用。结果列于表1。实施例7-13
使用Co3(CO)9CSiX3(X=OH)(III)的催化试验作为对比实验来进行。其中使用了类似于实施例5-8的方法,其条件列于表1中。
表1
  实施例a 温度℃  压力KPab    mg Coc    产率%d  时间小时   选择性正/异e
    3456h789101112f13gCO2(CO)8  120120120120120120120120120120120120     7070707070701264270707070     13.7520.6343410.97.87.87.87.811.610.222     96.599.599.972.996.898.097.025.098.598.999.895.6i     181818182424127272242418      0.730.750.750.671.40.793.751.811.933.22.960.58
a)实施例3-6不用溶剂,实施例7-13使用甲苯作溶剂;b)初始压力;c)反应物:2ml 1-己烯;d)产率是基于消耗的1-己烯量计算的。检测到的主产物是1-庚醛、2-甲基己醛和2-乙基戊醛。在给定的反应条件下,1-己烯的加氢和醛的加氢以得到醇的反应观测不到。e)正/异:1-庚醛/2-甲基己醛+2-乙基戊醛。f)添加三苯基膦(与催化剂的摩尔比1∶1)。g)添加二(二苯基膦基)甲烷(与催化剂的摩尔比1∶1)。h)相分离后再用的催化剂。i)化学选择性:44%的醛/56%的醇。

Claims (7)

1.式(I)的羰基钴催化剂其中R是-CH(CH2OCH2CH2)2或-C2H4(OCH2CH2)nOY,n=1-12,Y=H或CH3
2.制备式(I)化合物的方法,包括使式(II)化合物与醇ROH反应
CO3(CO)9CSiX3        (II),其中R如上定义,X是OH、Cl。
3.权利要求1中的催化剂作为加氢甲酰化催化剂的应用。
4.根据权利要求3的应用,其中,加氢甲酰化是在50-150℃下进行的。
5.根据权利要求3或4的应用,其中,加氢甲酰化是在50-100KPa下进行的。
6.根据权利要求3-6中至少一项的应用,其中,催化剂:反应物的比率为1∶20-1∶1000。
7.根据权利要求3-6中至少一项的应用,其中使用的反应物是下式(II)的烯烃
CH3(CH2)mCH=CH2             (II)其中m=2-9。
CN96195733A 1995-06-16 1996-06-03 水溶性的钴催化剂、它们的制备方法和它们在包括聚乙二醇作为极性相的两相体系中作为加氢甲酰化催化剂的应用 Pending CN1191497A (zh)

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DE19521936A DE19521936C1 (de) 1995-06-16 1995-06-16 Cobaltcarbonylkatalysator, Verfahren zu seiner Herstellung und seine Verwendung zur Hydroformylierung
DE19521936.8 1995-06-16

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JP (1) JPH11507588A (zh)
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AU (1) AU6004596A (zh)
BR (1) BR9609427A (zh)
DE (2) DE19521936C1 (zh)
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ZA965014B (en) 1996-07-29
EP0841987A1 (de) 1998-05-20
EP0841987B1 (de) 2000-01-05
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DE19521936C1 (de) 1996-09-12
MY132172A (en) 2007-09-28
US5840993A (en) 1998-11-24
BR9609427A (pt) 2002-07-16
TW352343B (en) 1999-02-11
JPH11507588A (ja) 1999-07-06
PL324021A1 (en) 1998-05-11
KR19990022966A (ko) 1999-03-25
MX9710180A (es) 1998-04-30
WO1997000132A1 (de) 1997-01-03

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