CN1191335C - Steam generator for gasifying coal - Google Patents
Steam generator for gasifying coal Download PDFInfo
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- CN1191335C CN1191335C CNB98811111XA CN98811111A CN1191335C CN 1191335 C CN1191335 C CN 1191335C CN B98811111X A CNB98811111X A CN B98811111XA CN 98811111 A CN98811111 A CN 98811111A CN 1191335 C CN1191335 C CN 1191335C
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- synthesis gas
- burner
- coal
- coal gasifier
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
- C10J3/00—Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels
- C10J3/46—Gasification of granular or pulverulent flues in suspension
- C10J3/48—Apparatus; Plants
- C10J3/50—Fuel charging devices
- C10J3/506—Fuel charging devices for entrained flow gasifiers
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
- C10J3/00—Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels
- C10J3/46—Gasification of granular or pulverulent flues in suspension
- C10J3/48—Apparatus; Plants
- C10J3/485—Entrained flow gasifiers
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
- C10J3/00—Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels
- C10J3/46—Gasification of granular or pulverulent flues in suspension
- C10J3/48—Apparatus; Plants
- C10J3/52—Ash-removing devices
- C10J3/526—Ash-removing devices for entrained flow gasifiers
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
- C10J3/00—Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels
- C10J3/72—Other features
- C10J3/74—Construction of shells or jackets
- C10J3/76—Water jackets; Steam boiler-jackets
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
- C10J3/00—Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels
- C10J3/72—Other features
- C10J3/82—Gas withdrawal means
- C10J3/84—Gas withdrawal means with means for removing dust or tar from the gas
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10K—PURIFYING OR MODIFYING THE CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF COMBUSTIBLE GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE
- C10K1/00—Purifying combustible gases containing carbon monoxide
- C10K1/02—Dust removal
- C10K1/026—Dust removal by centrifugal forces
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
- C10J2300/00—Details of gasification processes
- C10J2300/09—Details of the feed, e.g. feeding of spent catalyst, inert gas or halogens
- C10J2300/0913—Carbonaceous raw material
- C10J2300/093—Coal
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
- C10J2300/00—Details of gasification processes
- C10J2300/09—Details of the feed, e.g. feeding of spent catalyst, inert gas or halogens
- C10J2300/0953—Gasifying agents
- C10J2300/0959—Oxygen
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
- C10J2300/00—Details of gasification processes
- C10J2300/12—Heating the gasifier
- C10J2300/1223—Heating the gasifier by burners
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
- C10J2300/00—Details of gasification processes
- C10J2300/16—Integration of gasification processes with another plant or parts within the plant
- C10J2300/1687—Integration of gasification processes with another plant or parts within the plant with steam generation
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E20/00—Combustion technologies with mitigation potential
- Y02E20/16—Combined cycle power plant [CCPP], or combined cycle gas turbine [CCGT]
- Y02E20/18—Integrated gasification combined cycle [IGCC], e.g. combined with carbon capture and storage [CCS]
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Gasification And Melting Of Waste (AREA)
- Carbon And Carbon Compounds (AREA)
Abstract
A combined, integral steam generator coal gasifier includes a vertically elongated, all welded, gas tight enclosure with a burner zone having a double pitch sloping furnace floor and a slag tap extending therethrough. Successive zones located above the burner zone are provided with appropriate tube materials for conveying synthesis gas produced by the coal gasification process. A multi-pass convection pass zone having upflow and downflow passes is locted at an upper portion of the enclosure and contains a plurality of superheater (primary and secondary) as well as economizer heating surfaces which extract heat from the synthesis gas to produce steam. An ash remover is connected to the outlet of the convection pass zone to remove ash from the synthesis gas exiting from the convection pass zone. The slag tap located at the bottom of the burner zone communicates with a slag tank or a submerged drag chain deasher for receiving and removing slag from the burner zone.
Description
Background of invention
1.
Invention field
The present invention relates generally to coal gasifier, particularly relates to a kind of novel and practical associative form monoblock type vapour generator-coal gasifier that is used for coal is changed into useful gas products, can produce simultaneously to be used to generate electricity and/or for the steam of technological process needs.
2.
Description of related art
Fig. 1-6 shows the structure of various known coal gasifiers, and they have various structures, system zero parts and annexation.
In nineteen fifty-one, (the B﹠amp of The Babcock ﹠ Wilcox Co; W) a kind of barometric point, oxygen blast or steam blowing, Slagoff type is provided, has carried the mobile coal gasifier secretly to the U.S. mineral office that is positioned at Morgantown town, the state of West Virginia.Figure 1A shows this device.In addition, B﹠amp; W also to the U.S. mineral office in the Morgantown town that is positioned at the state of West Virginia provide a kind of blow pressurised oxygen and steam, Slagoff type, carry the mobile coal gasifier secretly, shown in Figure 1B.Early stage in the fifties, B﹠amp; That W is that E.I.DuPont de Nemours (Du Pont) company that is positioned at Belle city, the state of West Virginia provides is a kind of half commercial yardstick, barometric point, oxygen blast and steam blowing, Slagoff type, carry mobile coal gasifier secretly, as shown in Figure 2, provide a kind of coal gasifier of commercial yardstick subsequently in same place, as shown in Figure 3.At the mid-50, B﹠amp; W to be used for internal combustion turbine-steam turbine combined cycle blow air, Slagoff type, carry mobile gasification secretly and carried out research and the test work on the engineering.This has caused a collaborative project with General Electric Corporation, and wherein a coal gasifier (referring to Fig. 4) is at B﹠amp; The Joint Research Centre of W has moved (in the sixties) more than 3 years.In 1976, B﹠amp; W has made a coal gasifier that the two gas experiment factories of confession use in Pennsylvanian Hormer urban construction, and this project has obtained the patronage of USDOE, as shown in Figure 5.In the eighties, B﹠amp; W has also participated in the joint venture with Koppers company, has set up KBW gasification system limited-liability company.KBW coal gasifier and utility appliance thereof are as shown in Figure 6.These technology and design are bases of the present invention.
Brief summary of the invention
The present invention relates to a kind of new, associative form monoblock type vapour generator-coal gasifier that is used for coal is changed into useful gas products, particularly synthesis gas, produce simultaneously and can be used for generating electricity and/or for the steam of technological process needs.Any design is compared therewith, unforeseeable, very practical advantage that this monoblock type vapour generator-coal gasifier all has.
Therefore, one aspect of the present invention is, a kind of monoblock type vapour generator-coal gasifier is provided, and it can produce steam with the heat that coal gasification course generated when producing synthesis gas by coal.This monoblock type vapour generator-coal gasifier has vertically elongated, all weld, a gastight shell, and this shell has the wall of being made by a plurality of membranous wall tube face plates, and this makes it have a kind of design of subcritical natural circulation.Coal gasification course takes place in the enclosure, and produces the synthesis gas of heat and be delivered to the water that flows through tube sheet and the heat of steam.Shell is delivered to an outlet with the synthesis gas of heat from the burner region of its underpart.Be provided with the slag notch that a double slanted uphill furnace base plate and penetrates base plate at burner region, so that remove the slag that is produced in the coal gasification course.Above burner region, be provided with a corrosion-resistant zone, and above this corrosion-resistant zone, be provided with a top cooled region.
Advantageously, the shell wall in corrosion-resistant zone comprises one of bimetal and/or compound film tube panel, and the shell wall of top cooled region can include only carbon steel film tube face plate.One multithread road convection current runner zone is arranged on the top of top cooled region, and this multithread road convection current runner zone can limit a zone that comprises heating surface, and these heating surface can be at synthesis gas draw heat therefrom when it flows through.Preferably, convection current runner zone comprise one to upper reaches runner and to dirty runner, be used for synthesis gas is delivered to outlet from the top cooled region.Heating surface in the convection current runner zone comprises superheater surface and the economizer surface that is used for from the synthesis gas draw heat.Superheater surface comprises and is positioned to the secondary superheater surface and the main superheater surface of upper reaches runner and is positioned at economizer surface to dirty runner.The part of main superheater can be positioned to the upper reaches runner with to dirty runner; Specifically, the inlet row group of main superheater can be positioned at the top to dirty runner, and the outlet row group of main superheater can be positioned at the top to the upper reaches runner.At last, be provided with one and be connected in the ash handling equipment of the outlet in convection current runner zone, so that the ashes that will discharge in the synthesis gas in convection current runner zone are separated, deslagging device then is communicated in slag notch, so that admit the slag from burner region.
Another aspect of the present invention relates to a kind of like this structure, that is, wherein the drop-bottom of the inclination of combustion zone and wall are made of ribbed pipe, has the pin pattern that is covered by refractory materials on these ribbed pipes.Preferably, ribbed pipe is multidirectional pipe.
Can also come this coal gasifier is forecast and simulates with various confirmed technology, particularly to flame, furnace temperature and the gasification reaction etc. of burner.Specifically, these simulation techniques will influence the project organization of burner and burner region.
Therefore, another aspect of the present invention relates to that burner passes with respect to it and the layout and the orientation of carrying out incendiary wall (promptly relevant with them respectively wall).Generally speaking, burner of each biasing preferably is arranged on two height in burner region, and each burner arrangement is become to pass the wall of shell and inwardly flame burning.Term " biasing " is meant that a burner on the wall does not directly face toward another burner on the relative wall.The burner of each biasing all is arranged to pass with respect to angled 9 ground of a vertical line of shell wall the wall of shell, and angle θ spends to the scopes of 25 degree about 0.Preferably, angle θ is the nonzero values of about 15 degree to 25 degree.
In addition, not only the burner of each biasing is arranged at least one height in burner region, each burner setting and being arranged to is passed wall of shell respectively and inwardly flame burning, and each burner on its corresponding wall to the distance at an angle of shell be about respective wall width 1/5th to 1/3rd.By this, add a suitable θ value, just can produce the eddy current that to strengthen coal gasification course in the enclosure.
Another aspect of the present invention is double slanted uphill furnace base plate, and it preferably comprises a plurality of K die forging spares, and the pipe that these forging will form the uphill furnace base plate couples together, and makes their fluids be communicated in the house steward who is in the uphill furnace floor below.Generally speaking, each K die forging spare all will mechanically couple together from the two tubes of the front and rear wall of shell.
Novel feature of the present invention will be pointed out in the claims of a part that constitutes the application's book.In order to understand the present invention, its operational advantages better and to adopt the present invention to obtain an advantage, describe the present invention in detail below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and preferred embodiment.
Brief Description Of Drawings
In each accompanying drawing:
Figure 1A is the side-view that offers a kind of known barometric point coal gasifier structure of U.S. mineral office then;
Figure 1B is the side-view that offers a kind of known pressing gas device structure of U.S. mineral office then;
Fig. 2 is the view that is similar to Figure 1A and 1B, and it shows a kind of known half coal gasifier structure commercial yardstick, barometric point that offers DuPont company;
Fig. 3 provides the stereographic map to coal gasifier structure a kind of known commercial yardstick of DuPont company, barometric point, and some parts is cut on it.
Fig. 4 and General Electric Corporation's joint research and test, relate to the stereographic map of the another kind of coal gasifier structure of internal combustion turbine-steam turbine combined cycle, some parts has also excised on it.
Fig. 5 is the longitudinal section of USDOE in a kind of known coal gasifier structure of the two gas experiment factory development in Pennsylvania Homer city;
Fig. 6 is a kind of stereographic map of known, ripe more perfect coal gasifier structure, wherein has to be connected across coal gasifier separately and the flue between the heat-recovery section;
Fig. 7 is the longitudinal section according to an associative form monoblock type vapour generator-coal gasifier device of the present invention;
Fig. 8 is the plan view from above of a plurality of vapour generators-coal gasifier configuration of pattern shown in Figure 7, shows a kind of possible configuration that two vapour generator-coal gasifiers are arranged side by side;
Fig. 9 cuts open the sectional view of getting along the arrow 9-9 among Fig. 7, shows another available embodiment of vapour generator-coal gasifier, and wherein the wall (promptly relevant with them wall) of the shell that passes with respect to them of burner at angle;
Figure 10 is the amplification view of the bottom of the vapour generator-coal gasifier among Fig. 7, show a double slanted uphill furnace base arrangement, its adopts slag notch base plate " K " die forging spare, with each root pipe of forming the uphill furnace base plate mechanically, be connected with each other fluid;
Figure 11 is the partial enlarged view of single slag notch " K " the die forging spare of pattern shown in Figure 10;
Figure 12 is the left view (seeing along arrow 12-12 direction) of slag notch " K " die forging spare shown in Figure 11, show a plurality of slagging tap " K " die forging spare and be how to misplace arrange and the drop-bottom pipe relevant with them be how side by side to assemble and form double slanted uphill furnace base plate; And
Figure 13 is the plan view from above of seeing along the arrow 13-13 direction among Figure 12.
Detailed description to preferred embodiment
Please be total referring to each accompanying drawing, the identical or similar parts of wherein identical label presentation function particularly in Fig. 7 and 8, show according to of the present invention, total monoblock type vapour generator-coal gasifier by label 10 expressions.This vapour generator-coal gasifier 10 has adopted the various members that come from prior art, but having formed a kind of and existing any structure alone or in combination compares new, favourable combination and the configuration with unexpected advantage.
As shown in Figure 7, this vapour generator-coal gasifier be a barometric point, oxygen blast (or oxygen-containing gas or such as steam, air, oxygen-rich air, carbonic acid gas or analogue), for producing the coal gasifier that original synthesis gas designs.Synthesis gas 12 can be further concise, and be made into for example ammonia etc., is used to produce industrial raw materials such as chemical fertilizer, methyl alcohol, CO, chemical and explosive substance.Though Fig. 7 only shows an one vapour generator-coal gasifier 10, those skilled in the art should be appreciated that, can adopt two or more vapour generator-coal gasifiers 10 in a certain specific complexes.Fig. 8 shows described this situation, and two vapour generator-coal gasifiers 10 of configuration are side by side wherein arranged.The design of this monoblock type vapour generator-coal gasifier 10 mutually combines the various technology that have been confirmed in a new combination, to satisfy the purpose of design.
Monoblock type vapour generator-coal gasifier 10 of the present invention comprises following feature:
The gas tight casing 14 of-whole welding;
-by in the burner region 16 and the refractory materials tectum on the double slanted uphill furnace base plate 18, and preferably utilize the ribbed pipe of K die forging spare in the uphill furnace base plate 18 and many ribs to form the pin pattern of close interval;
-the slag notch 20 that is positioned on the drop-bottom 18 of inclination comprises the neck of slagging tap (slag neck) 22;
-on burner region 16 corrosion-resistant regional 24 and adopt bimetal/compound film tube, have the transition of the carbon steel pipe of cheapness a kind of top cooled region 26 on corrosion-resistant regional 24 in;
The B﹠amp of-employing one standard; W drum boiler RB-El Paso
TMFurnace shell and the design of multithread road convection current runner 28, it has the B﹠amp of standard; WRB-El Paso
TMStructural support member and suitable corrosion-resistant protection, the heating surface of using the secondary superheater (SSH) 30 of standard, main superheater (PSH) 32 and economizer (EC) 34 is positioned in " floor space " of furnace shell 14, thereby has reduced the floor space needs;
-adopted the prediction of gasification reaction and furnace temperature;
-be used for the furnace wall seal arrangement of sootblower and convection current surface seepage, help airtightly, reliable operation;
-adopt computer flow chart (CFD), simulation ground forecast burner flame and special flow pattern, and forecast the interaction of respectively burning device flame; And
-adopt confirmed slag case 36 or buried drag chain type handling machinery 38 to remove the ashes of bottom.Buried drag chain type handling machinery can also be as the pressure seal that prevents gas leakage in the stove.
Advantage of the present invention comprises: utilization be used before this confirmed and need not the various parts that confirm by combination of the present invention or structure, for the industry that needs the synthesis gas product provides a kind of safety reliable apparatus scheme.The present invention also utilizes computer simulation to determine gasification reaction, simulates to determine project organization and the arrangement and the furnace temperature curve shape of stove flame pattern, burner with CFD.The progressive design that never is used to coal gasifier in the past in this technical field.
The present invention can provide a outlet 40 from burner region 16 to multithread road convection current runner zone 28 complete water-cooled, gastight shell 14.This structure can no longer need (as shown in Figure 6) the required cross-over connection flue of coal gasifier design before this, thereby not only can simplify physical construction and reduce and keep in repair and need but also can form reliable, a compact project organization.
By adopting pin/refractory materials, bimetal and/or multiple-unit tube and the material on convection current surface being carried out correct selection, the present invention also can produce higher working steam temperature and pressure, thereby obtains higher steam cycle efficiency.
Shown in Fig. 7 and 8, upright elongate, whole welding, gastight shell 14 have four walls, and they are to be made by many pipes of the membranous wall tube face plate that forms a plurality of known structure.From bottom to top, shell 14 comprises several zones: burner region 16, corrosion-resistant regional 24, top cooled region 26 and multithread road convection current runner zone 28.The coal gasification course of producing synthesis gas 12 occurs in the shell 14, mainly occur in burner region 16, corrosion-resistant regional 24 and top cooled region 26 in, and produce transferable heat, and produce the water and the steam mixture that flow through the membranous wall tube face plate that forms shell 14, water in this water and steam mixture and the downtake has a density difference, and this just makes the membranous wall furnace panel obtain the natural circulation cooling.Shell 14 is sent to synthesis gas 12 outlet 40 in multithread road convection current runner zone 28.Be provided with a double slanted drop-bottom 18 in the bottom of burner region 16, have the slag notch 20 that passes it on the base plate, this slag notch is connected in the neck 22 of slagging tap.The neck 22 of slagging tap makes slag notch 20 be communicated in the case 36 of slagging tap, and perhaps preferably is communicated in a buried drag chain handling machinery 38.
The drop-bottom 18 that tilts and each wall of burner region have preferably covered the pin pattern of a densification, and this pin pattern is covered by one deck refractory materials again, with the erosion of protection pipe corrosion environment.The pin pattern is such, that is, allow each pin pass flame retardant coating, so that conduct heat.In addition, the drop-bottom 18 of inclination and each wall of combustion zone are preferably made with the ribbed pipe of many ribs, with the enhance heat transfer characteristic, and prevent that the hot-fluid on these pipes from making their overheated and inefficacies.
See also Fig. 7-9, in burner region 16, each burner 42 of setovering is arranged on two height, and at least one (best two) have a firing angle, all are provided with the burner that passes its flame on four walls of shell.Term " biasing " means that a burner 42 on the wall is not directly facing to the burner 42 on another wall.The wall that each burner 42 all is arranged to pass its relevant shell 14 burns, its with straight line 41 angulation θ perpendicular to this wall be about 0 degree to 25 degree, preferably at about 15 degree between 25 degree.
Each burner distance D to an angle 43 of shell 14 on its relevant wall is 1/5th to 1/3rd of the wide W of associated wall.Add an appropriate θ value, just can in shell 14, form a flame eddy current, use the coal gasification course of strengthening being used for producing synthesis gas 12.
Flow to the order of outlet 40 from the combustion zone according to synthesis gas 12, the top of combustion zone 16 is: one is corrosion-resistant regional 24, and it preferably has the shell wall made from bimetal and/or multiple-unit tube; One top cooled region 26, it can adopt carbon steel pipe; And a multithread road convection current runner zone 28, it defines a zone that comprises several heating surface, and along with synthesis gas 12 flows through these heating surface, it is from synthesis gas 12 draw heats.Multithread road convection current runner zone 28 comprise one to upper reaches runner 44 and to dirty runner 46 so that with synthesis gas 12 from top cooled region 26 be sent to the outlet 40.Each heating surface in the convection current runner zone 28 comprise the surface of superheater (secondary superheater (SSH) 30 and main superheater (PSH) 32) and economizer (EC) 34, in order to from synthesis gas 12 draw heats.The surface of SSH30 and PSH32 is positioned at upwards runner 44, and the surface of EC34 is positioned at downward stream runner 46.The part of PSH32 can both be positioned to upper reaches runner 44, also was positioned to dirty runner 46; Particularly, row or the multiple row import of PSH32 can be arranged on to the top of dirty runner 46, and the row of PSH32 or multiple row outlet can be located at the top to upper reaches runner 44.
Each pipe of the rear wall 48 of shell 14 is branched into two parts upwards at label 50 places, thereby forms a plurality of to upper reaches runner 44 with to dirty runner 46 in convection current runner zone 28.This design feature is B﹠amp; The El Paso of W
TMAn aspect of type radiant boiler, it has eliminated the convection channel of dangling, and has comprised in the occupation of land scope of boiler jacket 14 to upper reaches runner 44 with to dirty runner 46.Therefore, some pipe that forms rear wall 48 bend inwards to such an extent that leave the plane of rear wall 48 and form one will be to upper reaches runner 44 and the partition wall 52 that separates to dirty runner 46.Yet passage is formed on the top owing to some pipe that forms wall 52 bends further at shell 14, thereby synthesis gas 12 can be from entering to dirty runner 46 to upper reaches runner 44.Similarly, along with synthesis gas 12 is downward through to dirty runner 46, some pipe that forms rear wall 48 and continue straight extension along the plane of rear wall 48 also bend and form can make synthesis gas 12 passage that near the outlets 40 50 are discharged from the bifurcation, this mode also be similar to " B﹠amp; W El Paso
TMThe structure of D-type boilerD.The tube bank of convection current surface so just is hidden in recess with elbow by the supporting of the groove on the baffle, can make erosion and corrosive nature reduce to minimum.
All coil pipes of superheater 30,32 all are arranged to and water can be released away, with the damage that prevents that vapour generator one coal gasifier 10 from may suffer in start-up course.PSH32 is the adverse current that flows to that is arranged to respect to synthesis gas 12, so that the required surface-area that conducts heat is for minimum.SSH30 is the flow direction that is arranged to partly be parallel to synthesis gas 12, to reduce metal temperature and corrosive trend takes place as far as possible.The convection current water passage surface also is arranged to make the speed of gas for minimum, uses the high ashes characteristic danger relevant, the potential corrosion damage that reduces with the combustion processes of such type.
Vapour generator-coal gasifier 10 also comprises a steam drum 54.Conduit 59 leads to lower collecting box 56 (see figure 10)s of film tube face plate of the shell 14 of vapour generator-coal gasifier 10 from steam drum 54, other conduits are drawn from the upper header of shell 14 and got back to steam drum 54.Because it is very appropriate that the size design of conduit and header gets, so can rely on natural circulation to come cooled furnace wall and need not recycle pump.
The inlet of EC34 is connected in oiler feed supply pipe (not shown), and its outlet is connected in a pipeline that leads to steam drum 54.Steam drum 54 also has the known liquid level control of this technical field configuration.And for example also institute is known in the boiler technology field, and a vapour pipe is guided the inlet of PSH32 into from the top of steam drum 54, also have a pipeline to guide the inlet of SSH30 into from the outlet of PSH32.This pipeline is provided with a water spray steam cooling device (not shown), and an oiler feed pipeline is guided spray cooling device or other temperature control unit into from above-mentioned oiler feed pipeline simultaneously, as condenser.One superheat steam pipeline is guided the border of this equipment into from the outlet of SSH.Therefore can extract the superheated vapour of about 60 crust from this pipeline.At this pipeline with between the pipeline of water spray steam cooling device supply oiler feed temperature-control device can be set.
By suitable coal supply device (not shown) and pulverizer (also not shown) coal of pulverizing is supplied to burner 42 in the burner region 16.Carbonic acid gas has constituted fine coal just pneumatically is delivered to burner from a S.P. pneumatic transport medium.Each burner 42 also is provided with a ventilation channel.This vapour generator-coal gasifier 10 comprises that also it is equipped with a gas blower for the nitrogen device, in order in this system of system startup/pass stopping time purge.
When work, utilize carbonic acid gas as delivery medium, with a kind of controlled speed, pneumatically supply fine coal to each burner 42.One control device (not shown) can be a fixed value with the flow control of carbonic acid gas.Fine coal is delivered to each burner 42 by flow control gate and a flow velocity amount measuring apparatus or configuration.Fine coal is to be admitted to carrier gas stream (for example carbonic acid gas), and this air-flow is carried into each burner 42 with fine coal then.Simultaneously, along flowline oxygen is supplied to burner 42.Each burner 42 is so-called dispersion pattern preferably, but also can be premix, and wherein the burning of oxygen and fine coal occurs in the inside of the shell 14 of vapour generator-coal gasifier 10.Temperature is typically about 1400 ℃ slag and comes Quench but to harden and be drawn away by double slanted uphill furnace base plate 10, slag notch 20, slag tap neck 22 and slag tap case 36 or drag chain handling machinery 38.
Fine coal and oxygen carry out combustion reactions in shell 14, produce the gaseous state component and the slag that contain carbon monoxide and hydrogen.More particularly, be the oxygen that has utilized inferior theoretical ratio.Coal at first generates pyritous carbonic acid gas and water vapor with oxygen combustion.Subsequently, these gases and remaining coal react and generation carbon monoxide and hydrogen.Gaseous state component (being synthesis gas 12) flows out from shell 14 through exporting 40 as a gas products (about typically 200 ℃ of temperature), and through whirlwind ash handling equipment 58.
Now see also Figure 10-13, another feature of the present invention that is not used to gasifier designs up to now as yet is a double slanted uphill furnace base plate 18, this drop-bottom preferably comprises a plurality of K die forging spares 60, many pipes that these forging will form uphill furnace base plate 18 couple together, and make their fluids be communicated in the house steward below the uphill furnace base plate 18 or claim header 56.Generally speaking, each K die forging spare 60 all will couple together from two pipes of the relative preceding and rear wall of shell 14, to form double slanted uphill furnace base plate 18.Each K die forging spare 60 has is convenient to flat side that a plurality of slag notches " K " die forging spare dislocation is arranged and welded them together, assembles adjacent to each other and forms double slanted drop-bottom 18 so that will the drop-bottom pipe relevant with them.The K die forging spare of this custom design is that the turbofurnace environment adopts at dissimilar environment.For typical cyclone type boiler, B﹠amp; The base plate slag notch of 24 " * 36 " is adopted in the W suggestion, greater than the base plate slag notch of 18 original " * 24 ".Increasing base plate slag notch size is for dirty coal that adapts to the west and/or the coal with ash-rich melt temperature.Though the coal in west has the lower grey per-cent that contains usually, low burning radiation heat and grey characteristic can combine and produce very viscid slag, and this may cause the bridge joint and the sealing of base plate slag notch.The double slanted uphill furnace base plate 18 that has K die forging spare 60 is actually a kind of structure that is used for supercritical pressure cyclone boiler base plate, rather than is used for B﹠amp; W El Paso
TMThe structure of type drum boiler.
The heat that generates in shell 14 internal combustion directly is used for the oiler feed that heating (just not being subjected to any water Quench) is flow through along the boiler feed pipe of shell 14, and produce about 60 the crust steam, and then the heating constantly enter the oiler feed of EC34, and make from the steam of steam drum 54 overheated in PSH32 and SSH30.
Flow configuration is set at oxygen flow can satisfy needed valuable gases flow, and the flow of valuable gases can be known by this technical field, measure for the measuring apparatus of carbon monoxide in the gas products and hydrogen design.Control configuration can also be adjusted the ratio of coal to oxygen, required gas concentration lwevel in the gas products of being produced to keep.
In this vapour generator-coal gasifier 10, all used heat all reclaim as high pressure superheated steam, need not to add water-cooled.If desired, can be to carrying out washcoated dedusting from cyclonic separator 58 effusive synthesis gass.The pressure drop of this vapour generator-coal gasifier 10 is fixed like this, that is, synthesis gas 12 can be sent with required pressure, need not supercharging blower.
This vapour generator-coal gasifier 10 can be used in in carbon monoxide and/or hydrogen or the two manufacturing as any chemical of raw material.This class chemical comprises ammonia and derivative, methyl alcohol and derivative acetate and derivative thereof or the like.This vapour generator-coal gasifier 10 can also constitute at least a portion of a monoblock type generating set.
Can believe, in vapour generator-coal gasifier 10, can be with the reclaiming more than 85% of the theoretical used heat that produced as the high pressure superheated steam that is suitable for driving steam turbine, theoretical here used heat is to be defined as the calorific value of coal of input vapour generator-coal gasifier 10 less than the calorific value of the slag of gas, flying dust and discharge gasifier.
Can also believe, compare that this vapour generator-coal gasifier 10 can change into gas with coal with higher ratio, thereby reduce the flying dust that produces with known gasifier.In addition, compare with the known production process of in vapour generator-coal gasifier 10, product gas being carried out Quench, this vapour generator-coal gasifier 10 can significantly reduce power consumption, do not need to be the gas consume water of Quench as raw material, and the security of production process has also improved.
In addition, the gas that produces in vapour generator-coal gasifier 10, may contain the highly corrosive component can be remained in the shell 14 of a complete water-cooled, be reduced to up to the temperature of synthesis gas 12 and may cause below the corrosive temperature.By selecting a suitable operating pressure, the temperature of shell 14 itself can be remained the boiling temperature of the water in the furnace wall of vapour generator-coal gasifier 10.For this reason, can select suitable material to construct the furnace wall of vapour generator-coal gasifier 10, described material can be the material that is commonly used to construct modern high pressure Industrial Boiler.
Though elaborated the application of the principles of the present invention, should be appreciated that the present invention also can otherwise implement and not depart from spirit of the present invention in conjunction with diagram and the specific embodiment described.
Claims (19)
1. monoblock type vapour generator one coal gasifier is used for producing steam by the heat that coal gasification course generated when producing synthesis gas by coal, and it comprises:
One vertically elongated, all weld, gastight shell, it has the wall of being made by a plurality of membranous wall tube face plates, and coal gasification course occurs in this shell, and produces the synthesis gas of heat; Heat transferred flows through the water and the vapour mixture of each tube sheet, and described shell can be delivered to an outlet from the burner region of its underpart with the synthesis gas of heat;
One burner region, it is configured and is designed to stand by formed corrosion of gasification and erosion environment, comprise at least one burner at described burner region, each burner setting and be arranged to pass respectively each wall burning of shell along short transverse biasing;
One double slanted uphill furnace base plate, it is positioned at the bottom of burner region, and has a slag notch that penetrates base plate;
One is positioned at the corrosion-resistant zone of described burner region top;
One is positioned at the top cooled region of top, described corrosion-resistant zone;
One be positioned at the multithread road convection current runner zone of described top cooled region top, and this zone has formed a zone that comprises heating surface, these heating surface can synthesis gas when it flows through from the gas draw heat;
One is connected in the ash handling equipment of the outlet in convection current runner zone, and the ashes the synthesis gas that is used for discharging from convection current runner zone are separated; And
One is communicated in the deslagging device of described slag notch, is used to admit the slag from burner region.
2. vapour generator-coal gasifier as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, it comprises that also one is connected in the neck of slagging tap of described slag notch.
3. vapour generator-coal gasifier as claimed in claim 2 is characterized in that, described deslagging device comprises that the case and of slagging tap is communicated in the immersion drag chain transfer roller of the described neck of slagging tap.
4. vapour generator-coal gasifier as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, the drop-bottom of described inclination and the wall of burner region comprise a kind of pin pattern that is covered by refractory materials.
5. vapour generator-coal gasifier as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, described ash handling equipment comprises that one is connected in the cyclone separator means of the outlet in described convection current runner zone.
6. vapour generator-coal gasifier as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, the shell wall in described corrosion-resistant zone comprises a bimetal and/or compound film tube face plate.
7. vapour generator-coal gasifier as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, the shell wall of described top cooled region comprises carbon steel film tube face plate.
8. vapour generator-coal gasifier as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, described convection current runner zone comprises a runner and a defluent runner to the upper reaches, is used for described synthesis gas is delivered to described outlet from the top cooled region.
9. vapour generator-coal gasifier as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, the described heating surface in the described convection current runner zone comprises superheater and economizer surface, in order to draw heat from synthesis gas.
10. vapour generator-coal gasifier as claimed in claim 9 is characterized in that, described superheater surface comprises secondary superheater surface and the main superheater surface that is in the runner of upper reaches, and is in the economizer surface in dirty runner.
11. vapour generator-coal gasifier as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, the drop-bottom of described inclination and the wall of burner region are made of ribbed pipe, have the pin pattern that is covered by refractory materials on these ribbed pipes.
12. vapour generator-coal gasifier as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, the burner of each biasing all be arranged to respect to an angled θ of vertical line of its place shell wall pass the burning of this shell wall, angle θ at 0 degree to the scopes of 25 degree.
13. vapour generator-coal gasifier as claimed in claim 12 is characterized in that, described angle θ spends to the scopes of 25 degree 15.
14. vapour generator-coal gasifier as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, in described burner region, comprise at least one burner in burner region along the short transverse biasing, each wall burning of shell is passed in each burner setting and being arranged to respectively, each burner on the wall at its place with the distance at an angle of shell be this wall width 1/5th to 1/3rd.
15. vapour generator-coal gasifier as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, described double slanted drop-bottom comprises this many K die forging spare, they will form the uphill furnace base plate each pipe fluid be communicated in the header that is under the uphill furnace base plate.
16. vapour generator-coal gasifier as claimed in claim 15 is characterized in that, the two tubes that each K die forging spare all will form the uphill furnace base plate mechanically couples together.
17. a method that produces steam when producing synthesis gas by coal by the heat that coal gasification course generated comprises the steps:
From one vertically elongated, all coal is sent in combustion zone welding, under the gastight shell;
A kind of oxygen containing fluid is provided, and its feed rate makes itself and coal react in a kind of inferior ideal mode and produces hot synthesis gas;
With water and the steam mixture in the heat transferred shell wall pipe in the synthesis gas of heat;
Continuously the synthesis gas of heat is upwards carried by a corrosion-resistant zone and a top cooled region, flow through multithread road convection current runner zone subsequently more up and down, so that further reclaim heat from the synthesis gas of heat with superheater and economizer heating surface; And
After flowing out, the outlet in convection current runner zone removes wherein ashes at the synthesis gas of heat.
18. method as claimed in claim 17, it is characterized in that, also comprise such step: the synthesis gas of heat is upwards carried and flow through convection current runner zone to the upper reaches runner, and flow through the heating surface of secondary superheater and main superheater, subsequently downwards through convection current runner zone to dirty runner and flow through the heating surface of economizer.
19. method as claimed in claim 17, it is characterized in that, this method also comprises such step: a partition wall of being made by water in the top of the shell of multithread road convective region and steam pipeline is provided, in order to the part of superheater heating surface is separated with the economizer heating surface, use produce be used for carrying continuously synthesis gas to the upper reaches runner with to dirty runner.
Applications Claiming Priority (4)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| ZA97/10312 | 1997-11-14 | ||
| ZA9710312 | 1997-11-14 | ||
| US09/114,743 | 1998-07-13 | ||
| US09/114,743 US6312482B1 (en) | 1998-07-13 | 1998-07-13 | Steam generator for gasifying coal |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN1294623A CN1294623A (en) | 2001-05-09 |
| CN1191335C true CN1191335C (en) | 2005-03-02 |
Family
ID=26812510
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNB98811111XA Expired - Fee Related CN1191335C (en) | 1997-11-14 | 1998-11-12 | Steam generator for gasifying coal |
Country Status (5)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN1191335C (en) |
| AU (1) | AU753845B2 (en) |
| CA (1) | CA2309994C (en) |
| TR (1) | TR200001361T2 (en) |
| WO (1) | WO1999025648A2 (en) |
Families Citing this family (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| KR100391121B1 (en) * | 2000-12-11 | 2003-07-16 | 김현영 | Method of gasifying high molecular weight organic material and apparatus therefor |
| US20080190026A1 (en) | 2006-12-01 | 2008-08-14 | De Jong Johannes Cornelis | Process to prepare a mixture of hydrogen and carbon monoxide from a liquid hydrocarbon feedstock containing a certain amount of ash |
| US9051522B2 (en) * | 2006-12-01 | 2015-06-09 | Shell Oil Company | Gasification reactor |
| US8052864B2 (en) | 2006-12-01 | 2011-11-08 | Shell Oil Company | Process to prepare a sweet crude |
| US8475546B2 (en) | 2008-12-04 | 2013-07-02 | Shell Oil Company | Reactor for preparing syngas |
| US8960651B2 (en) | 2008-12-04 | 2015-02-24 | Shell Oil Company | Vessel for cooling syngas |
| CN101709228B (en) * | 2009-11-26 | 2013-04-17 | 中节环(北京)能源技术有限公司 | Biomass three-section type entrained flow bed gasification technology with function of waste heat utilization |
| CN103113923A (en) * | 2013-02-21 | 2013-05-22 | 山东润银生物化工股份有限公司 | Four-segment spray coal oxygen-enriched gasification method |
Family Cites Families (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB1155846A (en) * | 1965-09-29 | 1969-06-25 | Foster Wheeler Ltd | Improvements in or relating to Furnaces |
| DK125213B (en) * | 1969-10-31 | 1973-01-15 | Destrugas As | Process for introducing waste into a gas production plant and gas production plant for the destruction of the waste for carrying out the process. |
| US3974021A (en) * | 1974-08-27 | 1976-08-10 | Mikhail Naumovich Bernadiner | Process and cyclone reactor for fire decontamination of industrial waste water containing organic and refractory mineral impurities |
| US4270493A (en) * | 1979-01-08 | 1981-06-02 | Combustion Engineering, Inc. | Steam generating heat exchanger |
| DE2933716C2 (en) * | 1979-08-21 | 1985-06-13 | Deutsche Babcock Ag, 4200 Oberhausen | Gas generator equipped with a steam generating system |
| DE3137576C2 (en) * | 1981-09-22 | 1985-02-28 | L. & C. Steinmüller GmbH, 5270 Gummersbach | Device for cooling process gas originating from a gasification process |
| GB2108644B (en) * | 1981-10-27 | 1985-01-09 | British Gas Corp | Coal gasification plant |
| US5309848A (en) * | 1992-09-29 | 1994-05-10 | The Babcock & Wilcox Company | Reversible, wear-resistant ash screw cooler section |
| WO1994016038A1 (en) * | 1992-12-30 | 1994-07-21 | Combustion Engineering, Inc. | Circular slag tap for a gasifier |
| US5390631A (en) * | 1994-05-25 | 1995-02-21 | The Babcock & Wilcox Company | Use of single-lead and multi-lead ribbed tubing for sliding pressure once-through boilers |
-
1998
- 1998-11-12 TR TR2000/01361T patent/TR200001361T2/en unknown
- 1998-11-12 WO PCT/US1998/024173 patent/WO1999025648A2/en active IP Right Grant
- 1998-11-12 CN CNB98811111XA patent/CN1191335C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1998-11-12 AU AU14574/99A patent/AU753845B2/en not_active Ceased
- 1998-11-12 CA CA002309994A patent/CA2309994C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CA2309994A1 (en) | 1999-05-27 |
| CA2309994C (en) | 2004-01-06 |
| WO1999025648A3 (en) | 2001-02-22 |
| AU753845B2 (en) | 2002-10-31 |
| WO1999025648A2 (en) | 1999-05-27 |
| CN1294623A (en) | 2001-05-09 |
| TR200001361T2 (en) | 2001-03-21 |
| AU1457499A (en) | 1999-06-07 |
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