CN1188093C - 具有折片和不同可延伸区域的吸收制品 - Google Patents
具有折片和不同可延伸区域的吸收制品 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN1188093C CN1188093C CNB921128193A CN92112819A CN1188093C CN 1188093 C CN1188093 C CN 1188093C CN B921128193 A CNB921128193 A CN B921128193A CN 92112819 A CN92112819 A CN 92112819A CN 1188093 C CN1188093 C CN 1188093C
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- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- tabs
- line
- sanitary towel
- pleat
- absorbent article
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
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- A61F13/476—Sanitary towels, incontinence pads or napkins characterised by encircling the crotch region of the undergarment
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- A61F13/53—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the absorbing medium
- A61F2013/530131—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the absorbing medium being made in fibre but being not pulp
- A61F2013/53016—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the absorbing medium being made in fibre but being not pulp having special shape
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F13/00—Bandages or dressings; Absorbent pads
- A61F13/15—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators
- A61F13/53—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the absorbing medium
- A61F2013/530131—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the absorbing medium being made in fibre but being not pulp
- A61F2013/53016—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the absorbing medium being made in fibre but being not pulp having special shape
- A61F2013/530167—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the absorbing medium being made in fibre but being not pulp having special shape being crimped
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F13/00—Bandages or dressings; Absorbent pads
- A61F13/15—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators
- A61F13/53—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the absorbing medium
- A61F2013/530131—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the absorbing medium being made in fibre but being not pulp
- A61F2013/530226—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the absorbing medium being made in fibre but being not pulp with polymeric fibres
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F13/00—Bandages or dressings; Absorbent pads
- A61F13/15—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators
- A61F13/53—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the absorbing medium
- A61F2013/530131—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the absorbing medium being made in fibre but being not pulp
- A61F2013/530328—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the absorbing medium being made in fibre but being not pulp being mineral fibres, e.g. glass
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F13/00—Bandages or dressings; Absorbent pads
- A61F13/15—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators
- A61F13/53—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the absorbing medium
- A61F2013/530131—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the absorbing medium being made in fibre but being not pulp
- A61F2013/530335—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the absorbing medium being made in fibre but being not pulp being in peat moss
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F13/00—Bandages or dressings; Absorbent pads
- A61F13/15—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators
- A61F13/53—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the absorbing medium
- A61F2013/530131—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the absorbing medium being made in fibre but being not pulp
- A61F2013/530343—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the absorbing medium being made in fibre but being not pulp being natural fibres
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F13/00—Bandages or dressings; Absorbent pads
- A61F13/15—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators
- A61F13/53—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the absorbing medium
- A61F2013/530131—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the absorbing medium being made in fibre but being not pulp
- A61F2013/530343—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the absorbing medium being made in fibre but being not pulp being natural fibres
- A61F2013/53035—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the absorbing medium being made in fibre but being not pulp being natural fibres of cotton
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F13/00—Bandages or dressings; Absorbent pads
- A61F13/15—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators
- A61F13/53—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the absorbing medium
- A61F2013/530437—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the absorbing medium having a part with elevated absorption means
- A61F2013/530445—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the absorbing medium having a part with elevated absorption means by defining a target or acquisition or vulnerability zone
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F13/00—Bandages or dressings; Absorbent pads
- A61F13/15—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators
- A61F13/53—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the absorbing medium
- A61F2013/530437—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the absorbing medium having a part with elevated absorption means
- A61F2013/530452—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the absorbing medium having a part with elevated absorption means having chemically-stiffened fibres
- A61F2013/530459—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the absorbing medium having a part with elevated absorption means having chemically-stiffened fibres being curled
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F13/00—Bandages or dressings; Absorbent pads
- A61F13/15—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators
- A61F13/53—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the absorbing medium
- A61F2013/530481—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the absorbing medium having superabsorbent materials, i.e. highly absorbent polymer gel materials
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F13/00—Bandages or dressings; Absorbent pads
- A61F13/15—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators
- A61F13/53—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the absorbing medium
- A61F2013/530481—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the absorbing medium having superabsorbent materials, i.e. highly absorbent polymer gel materials
- A61F2013/53051—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the absorbing medium having superabsorbent materials, i.e. highly absorbent polymer gel materials being only in particular parts or specially arranged
- A61F2013/530547—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the absorbing medium having superabsorbent materials, i.e. highly absorbent polymer gel materials being only in particular parts or specially arranged positioned in a separate layer or layers
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F13/00—Bandages or dressings; Absorbent pads
- A61F13/15—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators
- A61F13/53—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the absorbing medium
- A61F2013/530481—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the absorbing medium having superabsorbent materials, i.e. highly absorbent polymer gel materials
- A61F2013/530583—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the absorbing medium having superabsorbent materials, i.e. highly absorbent polymer gel materials characterized by the form
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F13/00—Bandages or dressings; Absorbent pads
- A61F13/15—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators
- A61F13/53—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the absorbing medium
- A61F2013/530481—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the absorbing medium having superabsorbent materials, i.e. highly absorbent polymer gel materials
- A61F2013/5307—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the absorbing medium having superabsorbent materials, i.e. highly absorbent polymer gel materials characterized by the quantity or ratio of superabsorbent material
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F13/00—Bandages or dressings; Absorbent pads
- A61F13/15—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators
- A61F13/53—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the absorbing medium
- A61F2013/530802—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the absorbing medium characterized by the foam or sponge other than superabsorbent
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F13/00—Bandages or dressings; Absorbent pads
- A61F13/15—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators
- A61F13/53—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the absorbing medium
- A61F2013/530868—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the absorbing medium characterized by the liquid distribution or transport means other than wicking layer
- A61F2013/530875—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the absorbing medium characterized by the liquid distribution or transport means other than wicking layer having holes
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F13/00—Bandages or dressings; Absorbent pads
- A61F13/15—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators
- A61F13/53—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the absorbing medium
- A61F2013/530868—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the absorbing medium characterized by the liquid distribution or transport means other than wicking layer
- A61F2013/530927—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the absorbing medium characterized by the liquid distribution or transport means other than wicking layer having longitudinal barriers
- A61F2013/530934—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the absorbing medium characterized by the liquid distribution or transport means other than wicking layer having longitudinal barriers having a density gradient
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F13/00—Bandages or dressings; Absorbent pads
- A61F13/15—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators
- A61F13/53—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the absorbing medium
- A61F13/534—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the absorbing medium having an inhomogeneous composition through the thickness of the pad
- A61F2013/53445—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the absorbing medium having an inhomogeneous composition through the thickness of the pad from several sheets
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F13/00—Bandages or dressings; Absorbent pads
- A61F13/15—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators
- A61F13/53—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the absorbing medium
- A61F13/534—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the absorbing medium having an inhomogeneous composition through the thickness of the pad
- A61F13/537—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the absorbing medium having an inhomogeneous composition through the thickness of the pad characterised by a layer facilitating or inhibiting flow in one direction or plane, e.g. a wicking layer
- A61F13/53708—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the absorbing medium having an inhomogeneous composition through the thickness of the pad characterised by a layer facilitating or inhibiting flow in one direction or plane, e.g. a wicking layer the layer having a promotional function on liquid propagation in at least one direction
- A61F2013/53721—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the absorbing medium having an inhomogeneous composition through the thickness of the pad characterised by a layer facilitating or inhibiting flow in one direction or plane, e.g. a wicking layer the layer having a promotional function on liquid propagation in at least one direction with capillary means
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F13/00—Bandages or dressings; Absorbent pads
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Abstract
提供了一种吸收制品,如卫生巾,具有折片和用于释放应力的不同可延伸区域,该应力是在将折片沿看穿戴者内裤的裤裆边向外折叠时在折片中产生的。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及吸收制品如女性卫生巾,成人的失禁装置及其类似制品。更具体地说,本发明所涉及的吸收制品具有折片和当折片折叠在穿戴者内裤的下面时用来释放折片中产生的应力的不同可延伸区域。
背景技术
用于吸收体液如月经、尿液和排泄物的所有方式和各种成形吸收制品,理所当然是众所周知的。文献中公开了具有翼或折片的吸收制品,尤其是卫生巾,并可从市场上获得这些制品。
一般地,折片是沿着中心吸收装置横向地伸展,用于所叠在穿戴者紧身短衬裤裤裆边缘的周围。因此,该折片是置于穿戴者紧身短衬裤裤裆的边缘和穿戴物之间的。通常是用一种粘附(attachement)装置将折片粘贴(affixing)在穿戴者紧身短衬裤的外面。
折片至少起两个作用。第一,它防止流出物另外弄脏穿戴者紧身短衬裤的边缘。第二,它有助于取出卫生巾,特别是在折片被粘贴在紧身短衬裤的外面时。
1987年8月18日出版的Van Tilburg的题为“具有折片的有形卫生巾”的美国专利US4,687,478,1986年8月26日出版的Mattingly的题为“卫生巾附着装置”的美国专利US4,608,047,1986年5月20日出版的Van Tilburg的题为“卫生巾”的美国专利US4,589,876,1981年8月25日出版的McNair的题为“卫生巾”的美国专利US4,285,343,1968年8月20日出版的Rickard的题为“用于内衣的可自由使用的卫生防护物”的美国专利US3,397,697,和1957年4月2日出版的Clark的题为“卫生巾”的美国专利US2,787,271中公开了具有各种类型折片的卫生巾。
在人们普遍认为带有折片的卫生巾所具有的防止弄脏的防护性比不带折片的卫生巾的防护性好的同时,带折片的卫生巾普遍存在保持其最佳效果的问题。这些问题通常来自在使用卫生巾时这类折片上产生的应力。
当将折片沿着穿戴者紧身短衬裤的边缘外面折叠时,在折片中产生应力。在折片从紧身短衬裤的内侧折叠到短衬裤的外侧处,沿着穿戴者紧身短衬裤边缘的折线的应力特别高。这些应力是由于将折片固定在紧身短衬裤裤裆的弯曲轮廓的周围引起的。当穿戴者坐下或蹲伏时,由于紧身短衬裤的边缘抵抗折片向外被拉制,因此抗折线的力增加,使得应力增大。当应力变得太高时,折片可从紧身短衬裤上脱落下来,可能丧失前面一部分提到的折片的优点。另外,既使应力不足以使折片脱落下来也足以引起将折片纵向内侧聚拢。这有效地减小了折片的尺寸,并且减小了折片可能覆盖的穿戴者内裤的面积。因此,商业上需求一种方法,使在折叠折片时能消除或至少降低新片中产生的应力,以防止其从穿戴者紧身短衬裤上脱落下来,并且防止丧失掉覆盖所给定的短衬裤面积的能力。
以上所描述的是在折片的类型上进行的许多改变试图解决各种问题。1990年2月13日出版的McCoy的US4,900,320公开了一种卫生巾,该卫生巾有粘贴在巾的纵向边缘内部点的折片。1990年3月27日出版的Marinkurve的US4,911,701公开了一种卫生巾,该卫生巾具有弹性装置,用以提供更大的凸状以形成中心吸收的体-面部分,并且用于能够胶粘无布置的卫生巾的折片。1990年7月10日出版的Salerno的US4,940,462公开了一种带有纵向展开折片的卫生巾。1990年4月17日出版的Osborn,III等人的US4,917,697描述了一种具有折片的卫生巾带有凹口或细长切口形式的应力释放装置(Stress relieqmeans)。尽管这后种卫生巾的性能相当好,但改进卫生巾折片的研究工作仍在进行。
以上所描述的应力也可能过分地限制用于吸收制品的折片的尺寸,这是由于在具有大尺寸折片(即折片具有相对大的纵向尺寸)的产品中所产生的应力特别大的缘故。因此,还需要一种改进的应力释放装置用于释放折片中产生的应力,而且不限制可能使用的折片的尺寸。
发明内容
因此,本发明的一个目的是提供一种吸收制品,如卫生巾,该制品具有折片和当将折片沿着穿戴者内裤裤裆的边缘往外折叠并粘贴在内裤的外侧时用以释放折片中产生的应力的不同可延伸区域。
本发明的另一个目的是所提供的具有折片和不同可延伸区域的吸收制品允许用于吸收制品的折片比现有技术中的那些产品大。
参照以下的描述和结合附图,本发明的这些和其它目的将是更显而易见的。
按照本发明提供了一种吸收制品,如卫生巾,该制品具有折片和当将该折片沿着穿戴者的紧身短衬裤裤裆的边缘的边缘往外折叠时用于释放折片中产生的应力的不同可延伸区域。
卫生巾有一个主要的纵向中心线和一个主要的横向中心线。它含有一个主体部分和一对与主体部分连接的折片。卫生巾的主体部分含有一层液体可渗透的表层(topsheet),与表层连接的液体不可渗透的底层(backsheet),位于表层和底层之间的一个吸收芯。该主体部分有两个间隔分开的纵向边缘和两个间隔分开的横向边缘。
折片由主体部分侧向向外伸长。该折片在沿着主体部分的纵向边缘的连接处与主体部分相毗连。通过折片横向中心线将折片划分为前半部分和后半部分。吸收制品有两个角区,位于连接端的邻近范围。位于连接端邻近范围的一个角区在各个方向上远离主要横向中心线。该卫生巾含有的不同可延伸区域允许使该角区比沿着折片横向中心线的卫生巾部分更大程度的横向地向外伸长。不同可延伸区域提供了一个装置以便用于将卫生巾置于穿戴者的内裤中时释放卫生巾折片中的应力。本发明公开了非限定量类型的特异可延伸区域。
附图说明
图1是本发明实施方案中优选的卫生巾的俯视图。
图1A是沿着图1的1A-1A线穿过卫生巾的一个折片的角区的侧向横截面图。
图1B是沿着图1的1B-1B线穿过一个折片的中心部分的侧向横截面图。
图2是本发明实施方案中带有另一种优选类型的不同可延伸区域的折片卫生巾的俯视图。
图2A是沿着图2的2A-2A线穿过卫生巾中的一个折片的侧向截面图。
图3是妇女紧身短衬裤裤裆部分的透视图。
图4是将图1实施方案的卫生巾用于图3后与图3所示的妇女紧身短衬裤相同的透视图。
图5是本发明另一个优选的卫生巾实施方案的俯视图。
图6是沿着图5的线6-6剖开的示于图5的卫生巾实施方案的横截面图。
图7A是从类似于图6的一个角剖开的具有一个连接到卫生巾低层的褶的另一个卫生巾实施方案的横截面图。
图7B示出了另外的实施方案,其中通过先将折片向里,朝着卫生巾的外表面将该折片打褶。
图7C示出了类似于图7B所示的另一种实施方案,只是将褶固定到折片上,而不是在卫生巾底层上。
图8所示的卫生巾实施方案示出了折片连接到卫生巾主体部分的曲线图。
图8A是另一个卫生巾实施方案中折片连接到卫生巾主体部分的曲线图。
图8B是示于图8A的实施方案的制备折片的方法图。
图8C-8E是又一种卫生巾实施方案的各种俯视和仰视图,其中折片是沿弯曲的连接处被连接到卫生巾的主体部分上的。
图9是再一个卫生巾实施方案的俯视图,其中卫生巾的主体部分被折叠。
图10是示于图9的卫生巾实施方案沿图9的线9-9剖开的简易横截面图。
图11是示于图9的卫生巾实施方案的仰视图。
图12是本发明的卫生巾实施方案的简易横向横截面图,其中其主体部分只被折叠一次。
图13是本发明的另一种优选的卫生巾实施方案的简易横向横截面图,其中其主体部分包含多个皱折。
图14是组合卫生巾的部件分解透视图,该图包含一个优选的吸收芯和用于本发明的粘结紧身短衬裤的附着图(但是,在该图中不包括本发明的折片和特异可延伸区域)。
图15是表1中所描述的某些术语和概念的图解图。
图16是所提供的折片带有一个任选的隔层特征的卫生巾的俯视图。
具体实施方式
本发明涉及吸收制品,如女性卫生巾。更准确地说,本发明涉及具有折片和不同可延伸区域的吸收制品,其不同可延伸区域的作用是当将折片沿着穿戴者内裤的裤裆的边缘往外折叠并将其附着到内裤的外侧时释放在折片中产生的应力。
本文所采用的术语“吸收制品”是指该制品吸收并包含人体流出物。该术语尤其是指将其置于与穿戴者的身体相对或靠近身体以吸收和包含从体内排出的各种流出物。术语“吸收制品”被定义为包括卫生巾,卫生短裤衬里(pantiliner),和失禁衬垫(以及戴在衣裤裤裆区域的其它制品)。术语“可自由使用的”是指在单独使用和最好再循环,混合使用或以适合于周围环境的其它方式处置后被丢弃的制品。(即,作为一种吸收制品,它不需要清洗或其它恢复或重新使用。)在本发明阐述的优选的实施方案中,吸收制品为一种被指明的卫生巾20。
本文所使用的术语“卫生巾”是指戴在女性的靠近阴部的一种制品,它吸收和包含从体内排出的各种流出物(如,血,月经,和尿液)。但是,本发明对附图所示的吸收制品的特殊类型和形状未作任何限定。
图1中所示的卫生巾20是本发明的一个优选的实施方案。正如图1所示,卫生巾20基本上含有一个用中心吸收垫(或“主体部分”)表示的吸收装置22,和两个折片24。(在以下的讨论中,除非另加说明,本发明所描述的卫生巾有两个折片。虽然该卫生巾有两个折片不是必需的,但两个折片优于一个折片。同样,尽管一个是另一个折片的镜象反映,但它们是优选的。因此,本文为了清楚起见,对一个折片的描述也是对另一个折片的描述,从而省去对第二个折片的讨论。)
卫生巾20有两个中心线,一个是主要的纵向中心线1和一个主要的横向中心线t。本文所采用的术语“纵向”是指卫生巾20的平面上的线,轴或方向,它通常与将使用卫生巾20的站立穿戴者平分成左半体和右半体的垂直面成一直线(即,近似的平行)。本文所采用的术语“横向”或“侧向”可互换使用,指的是一般垂直于纵向方向的卫生巾20的平面内的线,轴或方向。
卫生巾20含有一个表层40,一个底层42,一个吸收芯44,和一对折片24。至少部分表层40,底层42,和吸收芯44含有主体部分22。图1和1A所示的折片24是附着在主体部分22的分开的片材。(在另一个实施方案中,如出版的Osborn的US4,917,697中所示的那些,折片24与主体部分22可成为一整体。在这种情况下,表层40可以形成折片24和主体部分22两者的一个表面,底层42可以形成相同的另一个表面。另外,卫生巾20的吸收材料可延伸到折片24中以形成折片吸收芯,该类吸收制品在US4,917,697中进行了更详细的描述。)
折片24的每一片沿着连接处与主体部分22联系,这是一种典型的纵向定位(或“纵向”)连接,如连接线30。正如本文所使用的,术语“连接”(或连接线”)指的是折片24从主体部分22向外延伸或被连接到主体部分22的区域。这些区域可能是任何改变的曲线或直线,但它们不受线的限制。因此,这些区域可以含有折边,带,间断线,及其类似形式。在图1所说明的实施方案中,连接线30是比较直的线。
折片24有一个靠近连接线的邻近边缘32。一个远处边缘(或“自由端”)34远离连接线30。正如图1所示的,每一个折片24通过折片横向中心线t1被划分成前半部26和后半部28。折片横向中心线t1可以与卫生巾的主要横向中心线相吻合,但并不是绝对的。穿过主要纵向线1的折片横向中心线t1将卫生巾划分成四个四分之一A,B,C,和D。
该四分之一含有一个至少靠近主要纵向中心线1和折片横向中心线t1的第1部分或区域(如A1,B1,C1和D1)。第2部分或区域(A2,B2,C2和D2)位于第一部分的外侧并与第1部分互补。(本文所使用的术语“外侧”或“外面”一般意指离开这些中心线方向的空间。术语“互补”意指第1部分和第2部分形成一个完整的四分之一。)
卫生巾20至少有一个不同可延伸区域(或“可延伸区域,或简单“区域”)50。正如图1所示,有四个不同可延伸区域50的卫生巾20是优选的,每一个区域在卫生巾20的每个四分之一中。当将折片在紧身短衬裤的裤裆周围折叠时,不同可延伸区域50释放折片24中产生的应力。由于不同可延伸区域50释放折片中的应力,本文中可将其称之为“应力释放装置”。
本文所使用的术语“不同可延伸的区域”是指该卫生巾的一个部分比卫生巾20的周围部分可延伸不同的量(优选的是较大量)。卫生巾的这些“周围部分”含有四分之一的第1部分。因此,不同可延伸的区域50含有每个四他之一的第2部分。
不同可延伸的区域50最好在横向方向通常向外以很大的量先延伸。延伸方向如图1中箭头所标的方向。正如本文所采用的,“通常以横向方向”意指横向部分具有可延伸性。但是,所有的这些延伸不需要与卫生巾的主要横向中心线精确地平行。最好在横向方向的可延伸性比纵向方向的可延伸性大。
不同可延伸的区域50可以含有任何能使其在卫生巾的横向方向比纵向方向的延伸量更大的结构。然而,此处所指的不同可延伸性必须是无弹性的。就是说,它必须不附带使用分开的弹性片、绳或其它材料紧缩卫生巾的一个部分或多个部分。在覆盖到穿戴者内裤的卫生巾部分不同可延伸的区域还必须是无裂缝或裂口的。这样做的优点是防止流出物通过裂缝或裂口弄脏穿戴者的内裤。
用于不同可延伸区域50的合适的结构包括(而不是对其原料的限制)机械拉紧的,成波纹状的,“环辊状的”,折叠的,起褶的,或连接到弯曲连接处上的。这些结构(尽管有时只示出了折片24的部分)可含有主体部分22,折片部分24,或两者都有。它们可以是卫生巾这些部分的整体,或是分开的部件,如连接到卫生巾上的原料片。
不同可延伸区域50一般被逐个安置在卫生巾20的角区52上。(因此,四分之一的第2部分A2,B2,C2,和D2最好含有卫生巾20的角区52)。卫生巾20最好有四个角区52(每个折片有两个,每个四分之一部分有一个)。
本文所用的术语“角区”52是指一般被设置在沿着或靠近每个折片24的纵向连接部分的卫生巾20的部分。用于每个折片24的角区52被设置在每个连接处30的30a端和30b端区域的两个表面上。一个角区52靠近折片24的前半部分26的纵向连接处30。另一个靠近折片24的后半部分28的纵向连接处30。角区52最好在各个方向上至少部分地布置在纵向地离开折片横向中心线t1的位置上。(因此,可将角区52描述为纵向“远离”折片横向中心线t1。)
在最优选的情况下(下面将作更详细的描述),将不同可延伸区域50设置在沿着折叠线的部分,折叠线是指将折片24折叠在穿戴者紧身短衬裤裤裆周围的地方。折叠线通常沿着或靠近每个折片24的纵向连接处30。由于本文所使用的术语“部分”,“区域”和“区”一般指的是面积,因此,不同可延伸区域50和角区52并未限制正好位于连接线30上的点。一般地,它们将既包括位于连接线30上的这些点,也包括卫生巾20的周围范围(包括以上提到的折线)。因此,纵向连接处一般极靠近于不同可延伸区域50的位置。
这样命名角区52是因为它们一般包括沿着卫生巾20的周边23形成的“角落”。将卫生巾20示于平面图中时,“角落”处在折片24的边缘35和主体部分22的纵向边缘22a的交叉处。但是在这些边缘的交叉处形成的锐角或设计相同的边界线不是必须的。(参照Osborn,III等人的US4,917,697,该专利用另一种方式描述了角区52。本文所描述的角区52一般至少含有当Osborn等人的专利中具有裂缝或裂口时所显示那些范围。(为了简单起见,本文将这些范围确定为“裂口区”。但是,本发明的角区52所拥有的裂缝或裂口的范围最好比Osborn的专利大。)
将在卫生巾20的角区52中的折片24部分称之为“折片的角区”(corner regions of the fiaps)或“折片角区”(cfiapcorner regions)。虽然本质上仍将它们认为是含有角区52,但我们可分别将这些标定为52′。
图1和1A示出了本发明的一个实施方案,在这个方案中有一种优选类型的不同可延伸的区域50。在图1和图1A所示的具体方案中,不同可延伸的区域50含有其中已提供了具有松驰性的卫生巾20部分。这些卫生巾20部分至少含有折片角区52′。
图1和1A所示的具体方案中的卫生巾20的松弛性是通过予拉长(或“予拉紧”)折片的角区52′实现的。通过加热,然后在横向方向上一般地拉长折片角区便可实现。这种加热和拉长增大了折片角区52′的尺寸。于是,当将带有已延伸的折片24的卫生巾像图1和1A所示的那样展开时,在折片角区52′中有多余材料。这种多余材料(下文将作更详细的描述)允许折片24折叠在穿戴者紧身短衬裤的裤裆周围,而在角区52中没有应力产生。
拉伸材料的任何已知方法都可用来予拉伸角区52。(但是,已知本发明的方法中采用的不同可延伸区域50显然是不能认可的。)可以采用任何合适的方法拉伸角区52的材料超出其塑性变形点,以使之永久变形(或拉伸)角区52。例如,在拉伸前不必要将角区52加热。但是,加热可使拉伸变得容易。除了予拉伸之外,许多提供了不同可延伸区域的其它方法将在下文结合附图的具体方案作更详细的描述。
在详细描述中,将首先考虑卫生巾20的单个部件。
表层40是液体可渗透的,当卫生巾20在使用时,其表层40紧靠近使用者的皮肤。该表层40是服贴的,有揉软的感觉,并对使用者的皮肤无刺激性。它可以用适于这种使用类型的任何合适的材料制造。可用作为表层40的合适材料的非限定性实例为编织物和无纺的聚酯,聚丙烯,尼龙,和人造丝和形成的热塑性塑料薄膜,形成薄膜的材料是优选的。
1975年12月30日出版的Thompson的题为“AbsorptiveStructure Having Tapered Capillaries”的US3,929,135中描述了合适的成形薄膜,1982年4月13日出版的Mullane和Smith的题为“Disposable Absorbent ArticleHaving A Stain-Resistant Topsheet”的US4,324,426,1982年8月3日出版的Radel和Thompson的题为“Resilient Plastic Web Exhibiting Fiber-Like Properties”的US4,342,314,以及1984年7月31日出版的Ahr,Louis,Mullane和Ouellette的题为“MacroscopicallyExpanded Three-Dimensional Plastic Web Exhibiting Non-Glossy Visible Surface and Cloth-Like Tactile Impression”的US4,463,045中都描述了合适的成形薄膜。对于薄层40来说,成形的薄膜是优选的,因为它们渗透液体但没有吸收性。因此,与人体接触的成形薄膜的表面是干燥的,则对于穿戴者来说是较舒适的。
在一个特别优选的实施方案中(示于图14,没有本发明的不同可延伸区域),卫生巾20含有当卫生巾被穿戴时可延伸的部件(即,能够拉长,特别是在纵向方向)。优选地,卫生巾20可拉长的长度为未拉长长度的约15~约40%。最好将这种可延伸性控制在使用时是合适的,舒适的,并且减少污染。在另一个实施方案中,只有卫生巾20部件的限定部分是可拉长的。
用于这样一种实施方案中的特别优选的表层40是按照US4,463,045制造的,并且环辊使之具有纵向可延伸的程度。1978年8月15日出版的Sisson的US4,107,364,1989年5月30日出版的Sabee的US4,834,741,1991年2月28日由Gerald M.Weber等人提交的题为“Improved Method And APparatus For Incrementally StretchingA Zero Strain Stretch Laminate Web To Impart ElasticityThereto”的尚未批准的共同申请,其专利申请序列号07/662,536,1991年2月28日由Kenneth B.Buell等人提交的题为“Improved Method and Apparatus For IncrementallyStretching Zero Strain Stretch Lamihate Web In A Non-Uniform Manner To Impart A Varying Degree of ElasticityThereto”的序列号为07/662,537的美国专利申请,1991年2月28日由Gerald M.Weber等人提交的题为“ImprovedMethod And Apparatus For Sequentially Streching Zero StrainStrtch Laminat Web To Impart Elasticity Thereto WithoutRupturing The Web”的序列号为07/662,543的美国专利申请中描述的环辊或“预波纹化”的合适方法。在表层波纹中的折叠线应该是横向方向的,这样,表层是可以纵向延伸的。
这类表层在1991年6月23日递交的下列专利申请中作为更详细的描述:Thompson等人提交的题为“Absorbent Articles,Especially Catamenials,Having Improved Fluid Directionality,Comfort and Fit”的序列号为07/734,404的美国专利申请,Thompson等人提交的题为“Fluid Handling Structure ForUse in Absorbent Articles”的序列号为07/734,392的美国专利申请,Buenger等人提交的题为“Absorbnt Core For Usein Catamenial Products”的序列号为07/734,405美国专利申请。这些专利申请可集中地称之为“Capillary Channel Fiber”专利申请。
另外,在本发明的优选的实施方案中,表层40的至少部分外表面40a是用表面活性剂处理的。基本上均匀的和完全地分布在主体部分22最上层的表层40的至少部分外表面40a上表面活性剂是优选的。这可以通过现有技术中的那些熟练的已知的任何共用技术完成。例如,通过喷洒,填充,或通过使用移动辊将表面活性剂施加到表层40上。
用表面活性剂处理表层40的外表面40a,使得表层40的表面更亲水。其结果是表层40渗透液体的速度比未进行处理的表面快。这减少了月经流出表层40而不被吸收芯44吸收的可能。上层折片24的表层40的任何部分最好不用表面活性剂处理。这将减少液体通过笔片不得不侧向地蔓延并且与穿戴者和穿戴者的身体接触的任何倾向。
在优选的实施方案中,表层40的内表面40b与吸收芯44牢固地接触。这种接触关系致使液体透过表层40的速度比未与吸收芯44接触的表层40快。通过将粘结剂提供到表层40的内表面40b上使表层40与吸收芯44保持接触。用于该目的的合适的粘结剂为US4,917,697中所描述的。粘结剂的施加方法与将表面活性剂施加到表层40的外表面40a的方法相同。
吸收芯44位于表层40和底层42之间。该吸收芯44提供了吸收月经液的装置。吸收芯44的吸收容量不需要比将要被吸收的月经液的总量大很多。吸收芯44一般是压缩的、合适的,并对使用者的皮肤无刺激的。它可以是用于该目的的现有技术中使用的任何材料。例如,这些材料包括一般被称之为气毡的磨碎的木纸浆,皱纹纤维素填料,吸收泡沫,吸收海绵,合成人造纤维,聚合纤维,水凝胶形聚合凝胶剂,泥炭沼,或任何等同的材料或其材料的混合物。
聚合凝胶剂是这样的一些材料,当其与流体(即液体)如水或体液接触时吸入这些液体,从而形成水凝胶,以这种方式,排入吸收芯44的液体通过聚合凝胶剂获得并储存,因而,本发明所提供的制品具有增强的吸收容量和/或改进的液体滞留性能。
在吸收芯44中所使用的聚合凝胶剂一般含有颗粒状的基本上不溶于水,轻微交连的,部分中和的,水凝胶形聚合物材料。本文所用的术语“颗粒”可认为是以任何形式存在的颗粒,如小球,小片,或纤维。吸收芯44的特征(包括,但不是对优选的所使用的聚合物材料的限制,可用于制备这些聚合物颗粒的方法)在出版的Osborn的US5,009,653中作了更详细的描述,将其引入本文作为参考,将公开的专利全部引入本文作出参考。
在一个优选的实施方案中,吸收芯44是,含有一层超吸收聚合物材料的层压材料,如以颗粒形式存在的,夹在两层空气一直纹薄纸,第一和第二薄纸层(或“上”和“低”薄纸层)之间。该第一和第二薄纸层决定超吸收材料的可容度,改进透过吸收芯44的已吸收渗出物的横向芯,并提供吸收度。
合适的层压材料是从Grain Processing Corporation ofMuscatine,Iowa(WATER-LOCK registered TM by GrainProcessing Corporation)购得的超吸收层压材料WATER-LOCKL-535。1984年8月21日出版的Pedersen等人的题为“Composition For Absorbent Film And Method of Preparation”的US4,467,012,1981年4月7日出版的Lindsay等人的题为“Laminated Absorbent Process”的US4,260,443中公开了这类超吸收层压材料。
在一个特别优选的实施方案中,如附图中的图14所示,吸收芯44是如上所述的一层层压材料,为了纵向可延伸,将其切开或部分切开。这种切开或部分切开的芯在Capillary Channel Fiber的专利申请中作了更详细的描述。
底层42是防液体渗透的,因此,它防止月经液弄脏使用者的衣服。为了这一目的在现有技术中使用的任何材料都可用于本发明。合适的材料包括模压的或非模压的聚乙烯膜和层压的薄纸。一种合适的聚乙烯膜是由Monsanto Chemical Corporation制造的,并且薄膜的商品号为8020。
在卫生巾20的另一个实施方案中(一般地,只是在主体部分22的上面有表层40,而该表层40并不向外伸展以形成折片的表层),底层42可以有两层。在这种情况下,底层42可含有辅在底层芯表面侧42a上的第一层高级材料,第一层的目的是为了提供一个适宜的,对使用者的身体无刺激的表面。该高级(loft)层可以含有任何合适的材料,如无纺材料。该高级层最好含有疏水的无纺材料。第二层被辅在底层42的外侧42b,且含有液体防透膜。已经发现一种厚0.01~0.05毫米,优选的约0.02毫米的低密度的聚乙烯材料可作为该第二层的一种很好的材料。一种聚乙烯膜,如Ethyl Corporation,Visqueen Division销售的,型号为XP-39385的材料特适合于作第二层。还可以将底层42制成柔软的,与表层40相比是疏水的编织物类材料。已经发现,聚酯或聚烯烃纤维底层42的性能很好。一种特别优选的柔软的,编织物类底层42是一种聚酯无纺材料的层压材料和如1984年10月9日出版的Wnuk的US4,476,180中所述的膜。
一种特别优选的可延性底层42是由Findley AdhesivesCompany of Wauwatosa,Wisconsin制造的可延性胶粘膜,型号为#198-338,该膜在Capillary Channel Fiber专利申请中作了更详细的描述。
正如图1和1A所示的,表层40沿着缝接边如缝接边36与低层42固定在一起。缝接边36可以用用于该目的的现有技术中普遍使用的任何装置如通过粘结、锁缝,或热封形成。图1中所述的缝接边36完全地环绕主体部分22的周边。这是便于制做的一个优选的实施方案。(可以采用连接各个部分的其它装置。)
主体部分22是卫生巾20的一部分,它含有一个吸收装置,如吸收芯44。主体部分22有渗透液体的体接触表面(图1A中由表层40表示)和相对的防液体渗透的表面(图1A中由底层42表示)。应该清楚的是所说明的实施方案只是一种可能的实施方案,尽管是优选的。其它可能的实施方案包括在将吸收芯置于底层上之前实质上已用表层完全地覆盖了吸收芯44的制品。主体部分22还可能含有一种吸收芯,该吸收芯是充分独立的,当将其它表面处理成防液体渗透的表面时,它在一个表面上是液体可渗透的。
主体部分22可以比较厚些或窄些和薄些。一种窄的主体部分22可以是有效的,这是因为卫生巾20的整个外形和用途致使主体部分22极贴近人体。这样,应该将主体部分22放置在非常靠近女性阴道口处。然后,主体部分22可以在月经沿着主体部分的侧面流出之前吸收大部分的月经液(月经)。一种薄的主体部分也是需要的,这是因为它一般适合于使用者。
图1和1A也示出了用于将卫生巾20附着到内裤裤裆上的粘结方式,如粘结附着装置,主心垫片粘结剂54和折片粘结剂56。
中心垫片粘结剂54所提供的粘结附着装置用于将主体部分22固定在紧身短衬裤的裤裆上。在靠近折片的外边缘34的折片24的外表面上最好涂上折片粘结剂56。该折片粘结剂56被用于在折片覆盖在以下所述的紧身短衬裤的裤裆边的周围后促使折片24保持原位。通过将折片24附着在内裤上,或将其粘结到对面的折片上保持折片处于原位。US4,917,697中更详细的描述了合适的粘结剂粘结方式。
本发明所使用的粘结方式不是对粘结附着装置的限制。现有技术中所使用的任何类型的粘结方式都可用于这类目的。例如,以1990年8月27日出版的Battrell的题为“Pressure-SensitiveAdhesive Fastener and Method of Making the Same”的US 4,946,527中描述的粘结方式将卫生巾20固定到穿戴者的内裤上。但是,为了简单起见,我们将粘结方式描述为术语粘结剂附着装置。
粘结剂附着装置可分别地用可取下的释放线,中心垫片释放线和折片释放线,(标记58)覆盖。压敏粘结剂应该用释放线58覆盖以保持使用前粘结剂附到附加的表面上。US4,917,697描述了合适的释放线。
当我们描述本发明优选的卫生巾实施方案的同时,许多带折片的其它卫生巾是可商购的,并且文献中公开了其实施方案。这些卫生巾都可采用于本发明的不同可延伸区域。特别是1991年5月21日递交的Osborn等人的题为“Sanitary Napkin Having LaterallyExtensible Means for Atfachment to the Umdergarment of theWearer”序列号为07/707,233的专利申请,1991年4月23日和1990年8月21日分别出版的Osborn等人的题目均为“Thim,Flexible Sanitary Napkin”的US5009653和US4950264,1990年7月10日出版的Salerno的题为“Sanitary Napkin With Expandable Flaps”的US4,940,462,1990年4月17日出版的Osborn,III,等人的题为“Sanitary Napkin Having Flaps and Stress Relieb Means”的US4,917,697,1990年3月27日出版的Mavinkurve的题为“Sanitary Napkin Having Elastic ShapingMeans”的US4911701,1990年2月13日出版的McCoy的题为“Sanitary Napkin With Panty Gathering Flaps的US4900320,1987年8月18日出版的Van Tilburg的题为“Shaped Sanitary Napkin With Flaps”的US4,687,478,1986年8月26日出版的Mattingly的题为“Sanitary NapkinAtfachment Means”的US4,608,047,1986年5月20日出版的Van Tilburg的题为“Sanitary Napkin”的US4,589,876,1981年8月25日出版的McNair的题为“Sanitary Napkin”的US4285343,1968年8月20日出版的Rickard的题为“Disposable Sanitary Shield ForUndergarments”的US3,397,697,1957年4月2日出版的Clark的题为“Sanifary Napkin”的US2,787,241中所公开的带有折片的卫生巾。
1988年4月19日出版的Osborn的题为“Pantiliner”的US4,738,676中公开了紧身短衬裤轮廓形的合适的吸收制品。1991年1月3日递交的Barry R.Feist等人的题为“Absorbent Article Having Rapid Acquiring Wrapped MulfipleLayer Absorbent Body”的序列号为07/637,571的美国专利申请中描述了合适的吸收制品,其中的至少一些是成年人失禁产品。
所有公开的专利,专利申请(任何出版的专利以及和这些专利相应的外国专利申请),以及描述中所提到的公开物引入本文作为参考。但是,没有明显地删去引入本文作为参考的文献,是为了指导和公开本发明。
在更详细的描述中,可以明显地看到折片24的特性。在引入本文作为参考的专利中已对适用于本发明的折片的一般构造(不带有不同可延伸区域)作了详细的描述。
通过现有技术中所熟知的那些技术便可容易地选择全部尺寸的折片24。优选地,选择折片24的尺寸使卫生巾20在两折片的外边缘最大分开处34之间的卫生巾20的宽度为约10~23厘米。每个折片24在与卫生巾主要纵向线平行的方向上的长度约为5至至少19厘米为好。
卫生巾折片24的形状可通过现有技术中所熟知的那些技术选择。优选地,不仅折片24彼此镜像对应,每个折片26和28的两个半片的折片横向中心线t1也要对称。(应该理解的是,本文所描述的折片和形状和取向是优选的实施方案。它们不是必须遵循的设计因素。)
在图1所述的优选的实施方案中,折片24位于卫生巾的横向中心线t稍前的位置。(在这种情况下,折片横向中心线纟t1与卫生巾20的主要横向中心线t不重合。)但是,折片24在卫生巾的主要纵向线1上最好是对称的。
折片24可以以许多不同的方式与主体部分22联结。可以有许多不同的方式将部件(如折片24)“连接到”或“联结到”,等等,所规定的其它部件上,即在1991年4月16日出版的Osborn等人的题为“Decoupled Sanitary Napkin”的US5007906中所包括的确定的这些术语的部件。当折片有分开的部件时,可将它们用现有技术中熟知的任何技术连接到主体部分22上。这类技术包括(但不是对粘结剂的限制)加热和/或压制,超声波法等等。
折片24是沿着连接线30与主体部分22联结的。该连接线相应于主要纵向中心线1来说是中凹的,直的,(或者是,但不是优选的,中凸的)。连接线30可以包括那些将分开的折片部件连接到主体部分24的线或区域。另外,当折片24与主体部分22为一整体时,连接线30可表示为主体部分22与折片24之间的分界线(尽管精确的分界线不是必须的)。
不一定要将折片24从主体部分22的纵向边缘延展(或连接)。也可以如1990年2月13日出版的McCoy的US4,900,320国所示的将折片24朝着纵向中心线连接到纵向边缘22a的内部(或“内侧”。于是,折片24可以沿着主要纵向中心线1,或沿着主体部分22的边缘22a,或主要纵向中心线和主体部分22的纵向边缘22a之间的任何地方连接到主体部分22上。当然,折片24一般是位于主要纵向中心线的对侧上的。
至此,已经描述了与本发明相关的可使用的某些卫生巾(以及其折片特征),现在,我们就穿戴者内裤的相同功能对本发明的卫生巾作更详细的描述。
图3是许多妇女穿戴的普通内裤11和众所周知的紧身短衬裤的裤裆部分14的描绘图。紧身短衬裤11有前片10,后片12,和连接前后两片的裤裆14。裤裆14包括两个侧边16和中心裤裆部分18。
本发明的卫生巾20是通过揭开释放线58将其放置在图4所示的紧身短衬裤11上的。主体部分22的中心被放置在紧身短衬裤的裤裆部分14上,其主体部分22的一端朝向紧身短衬裤的前片10展开,而另一端朝着后片12展开。底层42与紧身短衬裤的中心裤裆部分18接触。中心垫片粘结剂54保持了主体部分在适当的位置上。折片24的外部围绕紧身短衬裤的侧边16折叠。折片粘结剂将折片24固定在紧身短衬裤的外面。
当折片24绕着紧身短衬裤的裤裆14边缘16向下折叠时,在折片中,尤其是在相同的角区52′中产生应力。当折片24折叠在紧身短衬裤的下面并附着在紧身短衬裤的外侧时,应力增大。当紧身短衬裤被向上拉到适当的位置,紧身短衬裤16的松紧带使得折片的折叠部分拉到穿戴者裤裆和大腿的最上部时,应力进一步的增大。
在折片24从紧身短衬裤的体侧折向紧身短衬裤的外侧的沿着折线19的地方,应力高度地集中。换句话说,应力集中在紧身短衬裤11的裤裆14的边缘16处。折片24中的应力一般集中在由裤裆14的边缘16形成的弧形线位置。这些应力可使折片24的角区52′纵向地向内集拢。从而减少了折片可能覆盖的穿戴者内裤的面积。如果应力过高,折片24可从紧身短衬裤上脱落下来,则会降低折片24的最佳效果。应力集中的弧线是否可以与折片24和主体部分22的连接线30重叠,将取决于对卫生巾的设计。
为了消除,或至少是降低应力,在卫生巾20上设置了不同可延伸区域50。不同可延伸区域50最好降低沿着折叠线19的应力以达到使折片24保持附着在紧身短衬裤的外侧并且不丧失掉覆盖到穿戴者内裤的所给面积上的能力。
再一次参见图1,一个优选型的不同可延伸区域50(以上作了简短地描述)在折片的角区52′上含有疏松层,下面将更详细地描述不同可延伸区域的特征。接下来将讨论另一些优选型的不同可延伸区域。
正如以上所注明的,最好将不同可延伸区域50安置到折片24的边缘35与穿戴卫生巾20的紧身短衬裤边缘16相交的那些点上。
交点一般是可以通过为穿戴者特别设计的带有折片的卫生巾和相当普通的设计的紧身短衬裤确定的。通常,紧身短衬裤的裤裆的宽度为5.0~9.0厘米。然后在卫生巾20与紧身短衬裤相交的卫生巾20的低表面上作上标记。折片24和紧身短衬裤的边缘16之间的交点一般与折叠端19重叠。假定卫生巾有两个折片,那么四个标记将标志着不同可延伸区域50的通常位置。可将不同可延伸区域50设置在在沿着连接线30,折片24的连接线的外侧,或连接线内部的位置上。通常,在折片横向中心线t1的范围和纵向方向离折片横向中心线t1约1.5厘米之间的点开始设置不同可延伸区域。
不同可延伸区域50可以是任何形状的。在平面图上当它们被完全展开时,它们一般将形成三边图(差不多是三角形的,馅饼形状的,或扇形的)。由不同可延伸区域限定的图常常有长度近似相等的两边和一个短边。折片24的边缘35一般是短边。但是,应该明白,精确形状的不同可延伸区域像位置和相同的延伸特性一样不总是临界的。同样,为了确定分界线而标记不同可延伸区域50的分界线(或卫生巾四分之一的第一互补部分的边界)不是临界的。因此,在不同可延伸区域50和卫生巾四分之一的第一部分之间可有一个平缓的变化。
由连接线30将不同可延伸区域50划分在一侧。另外,其边界可与连接线30接触。但是,如果在主体部分22上提供了不同可延伸区域(例如,如果它们由通过主体部分22所作的折叠形成(如以下所描述的),那么该边界可远离主要纵向中心线1的内侧。一般地,不同可延伸区域50最终是由折片24的至少边缘35部分划界的。这是一种常见的曲线。(不同可延伸区域50最终还可由主体部分的纵向边缘22a和/或横向的或主体部分22的末端边缘22b划界)。不同可延伸区域50的第三边是由边界51形成的,它是一条可想象的线,该线是从位于折片横向中心线t1(或极靠近t1)的不同可延伸区域的点到折片24的边缘35的点上的连接线。
不同可延伸区域50所覆盖的总面积可以很宽。其面积可占卫生巾比较大的部分,保留在卫生巾某些部分的不同可延伸区域至少靠近主要纵向中心线和没有延伸性的折片横向中心线。不同可延伸区域50沿着主体部分22折片24的整个连接线30。在另一个实施方案中,不同可延伸区域50可穿过整个折片(例如,如果全部折片是纵向打褶的)。但是,在本发明中,优选地,不同可延伸区域50既不是沿着整个连接线30也不穿过整个的折片。对此,有几个原因。
第一,由于紧身短衬裤的裤裆有弯度,当折片折叠在紧身短衬裤裤裆的周围时,折片的所有部分所受的应力量不相同。一般,靠近折片横向中心线t1(折片的中心部分27)的折片部分所承受的应力没有施加在折片角区52′的部分大。因此,折片的中心部分27(靠近主体部分32的区域也可以)可以不具有任何可延伸特性。另外,中心部分27(及其邻近区域)的可延伸性应该比卫生巾的角区52小。
第二,最好使折片24的角区52′在横向方向的延展距离比折片的中心部分27大以更好地粘固并且使折片24非常地适应于穿戴者内裤裤裆的弯度。这使得由不同可延伸区域所限定的边界51与穿戴者紧身短衬裤裤裆边的外形相吻合。
第三,根据形成不同可延伸区域50所采用的方法,只在卫生巾的某些部分提供不同可延伸性的可以降低其制造成本。
不同可延伸性的所需延伸量可取决于许多因素。这些包括(当不是对穿戴者紧身短衬裤的尺寸和外形的限制)折片的大小和形状等等。与不带有不同可延伸区域的卫生巾相比,角区52中任何量的不同可延伸性都有一些益处。但是不同的可延伸量不应该太大,否则含不同可延伸区域50的过剩材料造成卫生巾沾污靠近穿戴者紧身短衬裤部分和人体。
不同可延伸量最好达到当使用卫生巾时足以基本上降低折片中的应力。一般,保守地所形成的不同可延伸区域50处于这样一种状态,当它们被充分地延伸时,限定一条线性边界线51(即,形成一条直线的边界),该边界为从折片横向中心线t1和连接线30的交点到折片24与紧身短衬裤裤裆边16相交的折片24的边缘35上的点的连接线。之所以要保守地形成所述的具有线性外形的不同可延伸区域50,这是因为在大多数情况下它将提供足够的延伸量以释放折片24中的应力。在理想的情况下,边界线51将与穿戴者的紧身短衬裤裤裆边16的外形相吻合。
图2和2A示出了具有另一种不同可延伸区域的卫生巾。图2和2A所示的卫生巾20有带有角区52的折片,通过按照以上所提到的环辊专利和专利申请,环辊这些角区使之具有不同可延伸性。所提供的环辊(或预波纹化)应该使波纹中的折叠线60通常在纵向方向上定向。此处所使用的短语“通常在纵向方向”(和类似短语)指的是所定的向,纵向尺寸比横向尺寸大的多。因此,折叠线60可与远离的主要纵向中心线1成一角度。这也提供了所需的横向可延伸性。
在本发明的各个实施方案中(如图2和2A所示的实施方案中),通过不同部分的不同可延伸区域50的延伸量是可变化的。例如,改变由环辊所形成的波纹的数目和幅度,以便这些特征中的一种或二种都明显地优于折片横向中心线t1。这将使得卫生巾具有极适合于紧身短衬裤裤裆外形的不同可延伸特性。
图5和6示出另外一种本发明的实施方案。图5和6所示的卫生巾20具有通过起褶然后集拢在折片部分的不同可延伸区域。
一般地,在纵向折叠线62的方向起褶或折叠折片24。折叠线62可沿着折片和主体部分22的连接线30和/或位于连接线30之外(或甚至是内部)。褶最好达到连接线30的长度。折片的起褶部位(“褶”)64最好折叠在彼此的表面上(即,垂直地堆积到卫生巾的平面上)。在另一个实施方案中,它们可以并排地被折叠和排列。由位于折片横向中心线t1的折片褶抑制线66将起褶的部分集拢或抑制打开。这使得带角区的卫生巾,尤其是折片24在横向方向是可延伸的,而在中心线部分27(沿着折片横向中心线t1)没有延伸性。
在这样的一个起褶的实施方案中,折片24可以有任何数目的折叠线。例如,在大多数基本形成起褶的实施方案中,可简单地将折片朝着主要纵向中心线1沿着连接线30的单一线向内折叠并在连接线30的点内附加到主体部分22上(最好是在折片横向中心线t1的范围内)。但是,正如图6所示的,折片一般至少有两条褶折叠线62。
折片褶抑制线66可以是能防止起褶材料不折叠的任何合适的部件。折片褶抑制线66可沿着折片横向中心线t1,或是在远离折片横向中心线t1的某些位置上。但是,折片褶抑制线66最好是在沿着折片横向中心线t1的位置上。这造成了在前后半片26和28中都有相同数目褶的折片,优选地符合于紧身短衬裤的裤裆。折片24可以有两条折片褶抑制线16,一条沿着(或者离开的某些位置)每个折片的折片横向中心线t1,或者它们有从一个折片覆盖到另一个折片的单一折片褶抑制线。
图6所示的折片褶抑制线66是“内部”抑制的,即它位于折片24的两个起褶的或折叠部分64之间。在另一个实施方案中,折片褶抑制线66可以是从起褶的部分的外侧(或外部)固定折片24的起褶部分64。
折片褶抑制线66可以是任何尺寸的,只要其长度不大于连接线30的长度。这允许折片24的起褶部分64适当地打开。这种情形是由于折片24的起褶部分64将通常是从连接线的30a和30b向折片褶抑制线66打开的。因此,它对于折片褶抑制线66对起褶部分64的打开尽可能地达到最小化是优选的。折片褶抑制线66还应该位于比较靠近主要纵向中心线t1的起褶部分64的点上。这将确保褶不能不折叠而不丧失其效果。
折片褶抑制线66可以是任何合适的结构。合适的折片褶抑制线66包括(但不是对粘结剂的限制)超声粘接料,加热和/或加压粘接料,带等等。这些不同类型的折片褶抑制线可以有非限定数量的形状。这些形状可包括点,线、片等等。
实施方案中如图5和图6所示的某些合适的褶的尺寸示于以下的表1中:
表1……褶的大小
折片的长度 褶的宽度 有效褶大小
(英寸) (英寸) (英寸)
3 0.43 0.14
3.5 0.50 0.19
4 0.58 0.26
4.5 0.65 0.33
5 0.73 0.40
5.5 0.81 0.50
6 0.90 0.60
6.5 1.00 0.72
7 1.11 0.86
7.5 1.23 1.03
8 1.40 1.24
表1中的尺寸是可用于具有不同可延伸区域50的卫生巾的褶大小的非限定性实例。该尺寸是以褶长为9英寸的卫生巾实施方案为基的。褶的长度(图15中用P1表示)是以平行于主要纵向中心线1的方向从连接线的一端到另一端(从30a到30b)测量的。
表1中所涉及的折片24的长度是当除去褶抑制线66并且折片未被折叠时沿着靠近折片24的远边34的褶线62测量的。这两个点62a和62b之间的距离在图15中是用F1表示的。褶的宽度Pw是折叠线62之间的距离。“有效褶尺寸”是指由褶的宽度,按照折片长度占褶长度所限定的比例成倍地扩大所计算的量。
有效褶尺寸作为褶的一个近似量将在卫生巾的角区52中打开。图15示出了示意图。图15中的线0代表当褶充分地打开或延伸的形状时起褶部分边缘的近似位置。图15示出了在该实施方案中,在远离折片横向中心线t1的纵向方向起褶的部分上的点一般是呈扇形充分地打开(接近于点O1),这时候在卫生巾角区52上的点如62a仅仅部分地打开(到点O2上)。有效褶尺寸就是将在角区中打开的起褶部分的最小量,是直接依照折片的长度和褶的长度之间的关系而定的(即,或许更便于理解和更准确地说是与由1/2P1上的1/2F1所限定的比率成比例的)。
褶的宽度和褶的折叠数目决定起褶材料的延伸量。因此,角区52中的延伸量(或松驰材料)可以通过将起褶的折叠部分成倍的放大到有效褶尺寸计算的。因而,在图15所示的实施方案中有两个折叠的部分64a和64b,每个角区52中松驰的量近似等于两倍的有效褶尺寸。
除了确定起褶的卫生巾实施方案角区的延伸量是有用的外,本文所用的有效褶尺寸和其它测量甚至可以是较大致地被使用。所提供的有效褶尺寸图可用作为确定本文所描述的实施方案中具有不同可延伸区域延伸量的标志图。以上所提供的褶尺寸和本文所描述的其它实施方案中所关心的尺寸之间的关系可通过现有技术中熟练的技术得到。(例如,图15示出了使用褶宽度的一个实施例。图15中所示的弯曲的点线代表实施方案中(以下描述的)曲线连接的合适位置,其中通过把折片24沿着曲线的连接处附着以提供不同可延伸区域50。该曲线的连接处以与褶的宽度相等的量向内弯曲。)
图7A示出了具有起褶的折片的卫生巾的另一个实施方案。其中折片24被起褶,折叠和固定到卫生巾20的外侧20b而不是体面侧20a上(如图6所示的实施方案中)。
图7B示出了本发明的卫生巾20。在图7B所示的具体实施方案中,在折片24中形成褶的第一次折叠是朝着卫生巾20的外侧20b向内折叠的,正如图7A中所示的,卫生巾的折叠方向相反。
图7B所示的卫生巾折片有两条折叠线62。当折征未被折叠时靠近于折片24的边32的折叠线62含有形成第一个褶的折叠线62′。当折片未被折叠时,远离折片24的边32的折叠线62含有形成第二个褶的折叠线62″。形成第一个褶的折叠线62′是由将折片材料朝向卫生巾20的外侧20b折叠形成的。
这导致了形成的褶结构如当起褶和固定折片24时,至少部分折叠形成第二折叠线62″的折片材料位于至少部分折叠形成第一折叠线62′的折片材料和卫生巾的外侧20b之间。
例如,图7B示出了从第一折叠线62′到标定的P1点的几乎所有的折片材料位于第一折叠线62′和底层42之间。(所标定的点P1是折片24交叉到,或折起到(或在这种情况下“折下”)其它起褶的折片材料部分上的点。)于是,可以认为折片24的起褶部分被划分成三片64a,64b和64c。
第一片64a,从折片的邻近边缘32延伸到第一折叠线62′上的。第二片64b是在第一和第二折叠线62′和62″之间延伸的。第三片64c是从第二折叠线62″延伸到点P1上的。(如果折叠线多于两条以上,对于每一条附加的折叠线,将有一个附加的片。)图7B示出了位于第一片64a和底层42之间的第二和第三片,64b和64c。
这与图7A所示的卫生巾相反。在图7A所示的卫生巾中,折叠形成第二折叠线62″的折叠材料呈Z字方向从折片材料向外折叠的,该折片材料被折叠形成第一折叠线62′和由卫生巾的外侧(或底层)20b所限定的平面Pb。
向内地折叠折片的优点是当穿戴者向上拉戴卫生巾的紧身短衬裤时提供的折片结构具有较好的机械性以保持卫生巾附着在紧身短衬裤上。
在另一个实施方案中,是将本发明的内向折叠的起褶折片固定到卫生巾的体-面侧20a上的,而不是被固定到卫生巾的外侧20b上。
在这样的一个实施方案中,折叠形成第一和第二折叠线的折片材料部分之间的关系一般与以上所描述的类似。在这类实施方案中,折叠线仍是排列的,以便折叠形成第二折叠线的至少部分折片材料位于折叠形成的第一折叠线的至少部分折片材料和卫生巾的一侧之间。在该实施方案中,折叠形成第二折叠线的折片材料应被看作为位于折叠形成第一折叠线的至少部分折片材料和或者是卫生巾的体-面侧20a,或者是卫生巾的外侧20b之间。
正如图7C所示,褶可完全地或部分地被固定到折片24部分(在后一种情况下,部分地固定到卫生巾的部分主体部分22上),而不是固定到主体部分22上的。这适用于本文所描述的任何实施方案(包括折片是非内向折叠的那些实施方案)。
图7C所示的褶结构也可被认为是内向折叠的。这是因为图7C所示的折片可被设置到这样的位置,使得折叠形成第二折叠线62″的至少部分折片材料位于折叠形成第一折叠线61′的至少部分折片材料和由卫生巾外侧20b限定的平面Pb之间。
图8示出了本发明卫生巾20的另外一个实施方案,其中折片24是沿着连接线连接的,连接线是弯曲朝向主要纵向中心线1内凹的。在这样的一个实施方案中,当向外的折叠折片时在角区52中有过剩的折片材料。
在该实施方案中,卫生巾20可有两条纵向连接线如30和30′,该线靠近主体部分的每一个纵向边缘。
卫生巾20可以有第一纵向连接线(或一条“向外的”纵向连接线)30,在该处折片24被连接到主体部分22上或从主体部分2 2向外延伸。可以有第二条纵向连接线(或“内向的”纵向连接线)30′,它用于提供具有所需的不同可延伸区域50的卫生巾20。
第一纵向连接线30示于图8的曲线中。但是,它不一定是弯曲的。它可以以上所描述的任何形成作为合适的连接线。可是,第二条纵向连接线30′一般总是弯曲的朝向主要纵向中心线1内凹的。
图8所示的卫生巾可由任何具有折片的卫生巾制成。一种固定装置,如粘结线68按照第二纵向连接线(或“弯曲的连接线”)30′所要求的图案被设置在卫生巾的体-面侧20a或外侧20b上。然后将折片24折叠到前面提到的卫生巾的一侧上并由固定装置封接。固定装置可包括现有技术中已知的用以将这类材料固定到一起的任何装置,它包括(但不是对其的限制)加热和/或加压封接,超声波,当然也包括粘结剂(adhesive)。
在一个优选的实施方案中,可修整第一和第二条纵向连接线30和30′之间的过剩折片材料以提供具有弯曲的纵向侧边的卫生巾20。以这种方式形成的不同可延伸区域能够控制弯曲的连接线30′的定位和曲率。在一个优选的实施方案中,可将弯曲的连接线30′的曲率确定为与紧身短衬裤裤裆的曲率相吻合。
图8示出了采用另一种方式沿着弯曲的连接线30粘结折片24的卫生巾的实例。
在图8A所示的实施方案中,折片24只是沿着单一的弯曲的连接线30连接的。正如图8A所示的,弯曲的主体部分22的纵向侧边22a是朝着主要纵向中心线1内凹的。折片24沿着单一的连接线30连接,连接线30是沿着主体部分22的纵向侧边22a的曲线。
图8A还示出了弯曲的连接线30只需要向着卫生巾的中心区域104内凹弯曲。(这实际上同样符合于本文所描述的弯曲的连接线的实施方案。)在卫生巾的末端区域中,弯曲的连接线30可有任何合适的轮廓。例如,该连接线30可以是直的,或(如图8A所示的)朝着末端区域100和102外凸的。(术语“中心区域”和“末端区域”在1987年9月1日出版的Higgins的US4,690,680中作了定义。
事实上,连接线30不需要在采用弯曲的连接线时所获得的提供某些所需要的益处的所有方向是弯曲。连接线30只要求有一些点,如在卫生巾的中心区域104中比沿着卫生巾的末端区域102和104的连接线30处的点,如108,更向内的点,如106。因此,连接线30可由两条或多条直线或片(和/或弯曲的片)形成。当这些线靠近卫生巾的中心区域104时,它们一般内向地与主要纵向中心线1成一角度。但是,弯曲的连接线是优选的,因为它们极接近于紧身短衬裤边的形状。
图8A所示的折片24的邻近边32或者在固定装置68上稍侧向外。只要保持这种关系,可将折片24的邻近边32改变成不同的形状。折片24的邻近边32的曲线最好接近主体部分22的纵向侧边22a的曲线。
可将折片24连接到卫生巾20的一边(20a或20b)(如本文所描述的许多实施方案)。但是,最好将折片24连接到卫生巾的体一面侧20a上。这样所具有的优点是可将卫生巾置于穿戴者内裤上,折片24如图8A所示的向内折叠。使用者在将折片24附着到紧身短衬裤的外侧之前必须折叠折片24或作另外的处理。然后将折片24向后折叠到紧身短衬裤边的外侧并附着到紧身短衬裤的外面。在折片首先向内地定向的这种情况下,它们最好含有足以易弯曲的材料,该材料使得当折片需要向后折叠附着到穿戴者紧身短衬裤的外面时,折片将不易于内地向后折叠。
图8A还给出了折片24的一个实施例,它们是用少量的废料制成的。这对于用相对昂贵的材料制做折片的情况尤其显得更为重要。
图8A所示的实施方案的折片24在同样附着到主体部分22之前最好先切割。正如图8B所示,最好由相同的网状材料110切割两个折片24。网状材料110的宽度只需要与折片的横向宽度相同(或者比折片的宽度稍宽一些)。以机械力方向定位的网状材料的边缘可被修整为折片的邻近边缘所要求的曲线。在该边缘被修整后,可通过沿着正弦路径切割网状材料形成折片的边35。
正弦切割路径可以有一个从网状的一边向另一边延伸的振幅。正弦切割路径形成了彼此成“套装的”折片部分。因此,切割路径可以同时形成两个不同的折片的边。例如,可以切割网状折片材料,以便形成标号为35′和35″的边缘部分的材料是相近的,并且正弦切割路径形成两个折片边缘。
图8C-8E示出了卫生巾的一个实施例,该实施例仍然使用另一种方式将折片24沿着弯曲的连接线30连接以在角区52中形成松驰部分。这种连接是按以下方式实现的。
在图8C-8E所示的实施方案中,卫生巾20折片24含有连接到底层42上的分开部件(当然,这些部件可连接到卫生巾20的其它部件上的)。卫生巾20的主体部分22的纵向侧边22a,在连接折片24之前是相对直的。
提供了一部分材料,延伸部分70,该延伸部分是沿着主体部分22的每个纵向边缘22a连接的。延伸部分70将卫生巾20的主体部分22的纵向侧边22a从主要纵向中心线1的方向向外延伸。延伸部分70可以是任意合适的材料。该延伸部分70最好含有底层材料。在一个优选的实施方案中,延伸部分70含有一种无纺的/液体不渗透的薄膜,该薄膜叠压成类似于以上所描述的适用于作底层的形状。
延伸部分70有两条纵向边70a和两条横边70b。纵向边70a含有一条邻近纵向边(或简称为“邻近边”)70a′和一条远离纵向边(或简称为“远离边”)70a″。该实施方案表明,延伸部分的邻近边70a′最好是比较直的线,远离边70a″是朝着卫生巾的主要纵向中心线1弯曲的内凹的。远离边70a″的曲率半径由图8E中的第一曲率半径γ1标定。
延伸部分70的横边70b可以是任何合适的形状。横边70b最好类似于附图所示的为弯曲的外凸形状,以便它们将适合于穿戴者。
所提供的折片24的形状是分开的月牙状部分72。月牙状部分72的每一个都有两个弯曲的边72a和72b。其中一个边72a的曲率半径(第二曲率半径γ2)比另一边72b(具有第三曲率半径γ3)小。具有较小曲率半径γ2(即边的曲率更大)的边72a形成折片24的远边34。具有较大曲率半径γ3的边72b形成折片的邻近边32。
于是,由第三曲率半径γ3确立的曲率半径比曲率半径γ1小(延伸部分70的远边70a″的曲率半径。)
沿着具有较大曲率半径的边72b有一区域,该区域有许多切成的间隔分开的切口76(示于图8D)。该区域含有折片24的凸边缘74。凸边缘74可以是任何合适的尺寸,它允许折片连接到延伸部分70上。该实施方案表明,凸边缘的宽度约为1/4英寸(约0.6mm)。切口76的深度最好约为0.2英寸(约0.5mm)其最宽点的宽度约为0.15英寸(约0.4mm)。切口76允许凸边缘74充分地伸张,以便使第一和第三曲率半径变得近似地相等。这使得折片24沿着凸边缘74连接到延伸部分70的边缘而不起褶。等等。
可通过任何合适的固定部件,或连接装置将凸边缘74连接到延伸部分70上。例如,如图8D所示的,用于将折片24连接到延伸部分70上的固定部件可以包括,(但不是对沿着凸边缘74的那些范围设置的双侧型80的许多间隔分开部分的限定),位于切口76之间的标号78。(双侧型部分是沿着凸边缘的未切开的部分设置的)。
在另一个实施方案中,该实施方案是以上实施方案中稍优选的,延伸部分70可与主体部分22成一整体。即,仅仅将主体部分22的纵向边缘(或其组成部件,如底层42)从主要纵向中心线1进一步地向外延伸,而不是将分开的延伸部分连接到卫生巾20的各个纵向边缘上。然后将主体部分22的纵向边缘22a切割成类似于以上所描述的延伸部分70的远离边70a′的弯曲的边。
图9-11示出了本发明卫生巾20的另外的实施方案。在这个实施方案中,整个卫生巾20在贯穿卫生巾的主体部分22折叠或起褶。卫生巾20沿着两条纵向线90折叠或起褶,其中的每一条固定在主要纵向线1的每一侧。主体部分22的起褶部分由沿着折片横向中心线t1打开而被限定。
在卫生巾20的角区52处也形成了不同可延伸区域50(或松驰部分)。不同可延伸区域50是在折片24中,以及主体部分22的部分,尤其是在折片角区52′和主要部分纵向中心线1之间形成的。形成不同可延伸区域50是因为当将纵向地离开折片横向中心线t1的卫生巾组成部分集拢以使纵向离开折片横向中心线t1的较远处的延伸性较小的同时,将卫生巾20的组成部分全部沿着折片横向中心线t1集拢。(图10的交叉部分穿过不同可延伸区域50)。
折叠的或起褶的卫生巾20在主体部分22的中心部分还形成了驼峰92。将该驼峰92(尽管在附图中不需要按比例描绘)制成这样的大小和形状,使它们能够适合于穿戴者阴唇之间的空间。
在图9-11所示的实施方案中,将卫生巾20的起褶部分(或驼峰)集拢并由限制垫片94限制。限制垫片94最好是相对可延伸的,以使它在卫生巾20的角区52中提供所要求的不同可延伸区域50。限制垫片94可与形成驼峰的集拢部分直接接触,或者桥接驼峰。在后一种情况下,限制垫片94可以向外延伸到与折片的邻近边32同样远的位置,并限制横向外侧驼峰部分的集拢。
限制垫片94可以用任何合适的材料制成。合适材料的一些非限定实例包括纸(同样的不要将它放置在可能弄湿的地方),胶带,无纺材料,和部分聚乙烯薄膜。限制垫片94还可以包括以上所描述的适用于折片褶限制部分66的任何类型的限制,反之亦然。
正如图9-11所示的,本发明的卫生巾20还可以有任意的在折片24上或靠近折片24的松紧带96。在一个优选的实施方案中,松紧带96是沿着折片24的靠近中心部分27的连接线30设置的。这些松紧带96以一种弹性可收缩状态被连接在卫生巾20上(最好是在底层42上)。松紧带96对打开时未限制的起褶的卫生巾20有辅助作用,以使褶完全有效。在这类实施方案中的不同可延伸区域仍然被认为是“无弹性的”。松紧带96不与形成不同可延伸区域50的卫生巾部分一起使用,而只对打开时未限制的起褶部分起辅助作用。
在本文所描述的其它卫生巾实施方案中,处于类似位置的松紧带可用于同样的目的。但是在图9-11所示的实施方案中,使用松紧带96是特别重要的,这是因为在用中心垫片粘结剂54将卫生巾20附着到穿戴者的内裤上之前,松紧带打开了卫生巾20未限制的起褶部分。(如果不使用松紧带96,中心垫片粘结剂54易保持两条平行带的形式,而不是如图9和11所示的带定向的向内凹。如果粘结带是平行的,当将它们粘结到穿戴者的内裤上时,卫生巾20的限制部分的起褶和集拢效果将丧失。)
图12示出了本发明卫生巾20的另一个实施方案,其中卫生巾20只沿着一条纵向线90折叠或起褶。在该情况下,折叠线90最好是沿着主要纵向中心线1。
图13示出了卫生巾20的又一个实施方案,其中卫生巾20沿着多个折叠线90折叠或起褶。在这种情况下,折叠线90大约位于主要纵向中心线1的中心。
在其它的实施方案中,对于现有技术中熟练的技术人员来说,应该是显然的,就是折片24(不是主体部分22)可以是单一的折片或多个折片。例如,折片24的折叠可与图12和13中所示的通过全部垫片的折叠类似。在其它的实施方案中,还明显的是卫生巾20的不同可延伸区域50与较小延伸性的卫生巾20的第一部分不是一个整体,而可以包含与卫生巾分开的材料部分(例如分开的松驰材料,或环辊的,波纹状的或起褶的材料)。
图16示出了一个实施方案,其中卫生巾20具有一个沿着折片24的邻近边32的阻挡层98。阻挡层98向上坚立以作为一道墙保留以横向方向朝着折片24流动的流出物(示于折片24靠近图16的表层设置的)。可将阻挡层98在将卫生巾放置在穿戴者内裤之前(和之后)向上坚立,或者将阻挡层先比较平地置于表层上,然后由将折片向穿戴者内裤的外面折叠时所施加的力使其坚立。在另外的实施方案中,阻挡层98的末端向下的附加在靠近连接线末端处,以便使用时它向内倾斜而不是向上直立的。
在本文所描述的最好的实施方案中可以提供阻挡层98。(阻挡层还可以提供到其它的卫生巾实施方案中。例如,卫生巾20的折片是完全可延伸的。另外,甚至在卫生巾没有折片24时也有阻挡层98。)可以以任合适的方式构成阻挡层98。图16示出了一种优选的结构,其中阻挡层98是通过提供含非整体(或分开的)部件的折片24形成的。阻挡层98是由具有连接线30内过剩材料的延伸部分的这些折片部件形成的。阻挡层98可以用与折片24的剩余料相同的材料制成。另外,它可以(和/或靠近阻挡层的折片部分)用一种硬质材料制成,以有助于阻挡层直立。
在又一个实施方案中,卫生巾可以有附加组成部分。例如,卫生巾可以有湿涂敷薄纸和/或液体渗透消除(wipe)拦截层,在出版的Osborn的US5,009,653中对其作了更详细的描述。另外,这类卫生巾可以有附加型的应力释放装置,如US4,917,697中所描述的那些,绕着卫生巾的周围不同的部位设置。
因此,本发明提供了一种具有折片和不同可延伸区域的卫生巾,该不同可延伸区域提供了一个改进的应力释放装置用于释放当将折片向下折叠附着到穿戴者内裤的外面时在折片中产生的应力。
当对本发明的特殊实施方案作了说明和描述后,很显然,对于那些本技术领域的熟练技术人员来说只要不违背本发明的精神和范围,都可以作各种其它改变的修改。
Claims (7)
1.一种吸收制品,具有主纵向中心线并包括:
主体部分,它具有两条间隔分开的纵向边缘,并包括一层液体渗透表层,连结到所述表层上的液体不渗透底层,和位于所述表层和底层之间的一个吸收芯;以及
一对与所述主体部分在沿着该主体部分纵向边缘的连接线处相毗连的折片,每一折片从所述主体部分的各个纵向边缘横向地向外延伸,所述的折片具有与吸收制品的主纵向中心线相交的折片横向中心线,该折片的横向中心线和吸收制品的主纵向中心线将该吸收制品分成四个四分之一,每个四分之一含有靠近所述的主纵向中心线和折片横向中心线的第一部分、和位于所述第一部分外侧的且与该第一部分互补的第二部分,
所述的吸收制品的特征在于,所述各四分之一的至少一个的所述第二部分含有不同可延伸性的区域,所述的不同可延伸性的区域在横向向外方向上比所述四分之一的第一部分的延伸性大。
2.权利要求1中的吸收制品,其特征在于,该吸收制品沿着所述至少一个折片和主体部分的所述连接线被起褶,所述的褶具有纵向定位的折叠线和沿着所述折片横向中心线的折片褶抑制线,用以在所述折片横向中心线的区域中限制所述的褶打开、而同时使得所述褶的部分在纵向远离所述折片横向中心线的那些位置打开。
3.权利要求1的吸收制品,其特征在于,该吸收制品贯穿其主体部分具有至少一个纵向定位的起褶部分,所述吸收制品沿所述折片横向中心线被聚拢并被固定以形成所述的第一部分,并且所述的吸收制品进一步含有一个与该被聚拢的部分直接接触或者桥接该被聚拢部分的限制垫片,以用于固定所述吸收制品部分的聚拢。
4.权利要求3的吸收制品,其特征在于,具有一个体表面,一个外表面,所述聚拢部分位于该主体部分的主纵向中心线的各侧,该聚拢部分被固定以在所述体表面上形成相对于所述主纵向中心线居中的能够放置在穿戴者阴唇之间的纵向方向上的驼峰。
5.权利要求1的吸收制品,其特征在于,至少一个不同可延伸性的区域含有一种选自下组的结构:(1)在其中具有松驰部分的所述折片的部分;(2)已被永久拉伸的所述折片的预拉紧部分;(3)具有纵向定位的折叠线的折片的预波纹化或环辊压部分。
6.权利要求1的吸收制品,其特征在于,具有一个第一末端区域和一个第二末端区域,以及位于该第一末端区域和该第二末端区域之间的一个中心区域,其中至少一条所述的连接线被定位成使得在所述折片横向中心线区域内的所述连接线的部分与靠近所述连接线端部的连接线部分相比更靠近所述主纵向中心线。
7.权利要求1的吸收制品,其特征在于,每个折片有一个邻近边缘,该折片在所述的连接线处与所述的主体部分连接,并向外延伸到远端边缘,所述折片中的至少一片沿着至少两条纵向定位的折叠线被折叠,以形成沿着所述连接线的褶,所述的折叠线含有:
当所述折片中褶被打开时最靠近折片邻近边缘的第一折叠线,所述的第一折叠线是由朝着吸收制品的一侧向内折叠的折片材料形成的;以及
当所述折片中的褶被打开时进一步远离所述邻近边缘的第二折叠线,其中
被折叠形成第二折叠线的至少部分折叠材料位于被折叠形成第一折叠线的至少部分折叠材料和由吸收制品的朝向衣服侧所限定的平面之间;和
沿着所述的折片横向中心线固定的折片褶抑制线,用于限制所述的褶在所述的折片横向中心线的区域内被打开,而同时使得所述的褶在纵向离开所述折片横向中心线的那些位置被打开。
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- 1992-09-25 DE DE69232037T patent/DE69232037T2/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1992-09-25 CA CA002119999A patent/CA2119999C/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1992-09-25 WO PCT/US1992/008101 patent/WO1993006805A1/en active IP Right Grant
- 1992-09-25 ES ES92921163T patent/ES2164053T3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1992-09-25 JP JP50694893A patent/JP3262172B2/ja not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1992-09-25 AT AT92921163T patent/ATE201582T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1992-09-25 EP EP92921163A patent/EP0606358B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1992-09-25 EP EP00116217A patent/EP1070493A3/en not_active Withdrawn
- 1992-09-25 KR KR1019940701028A patent/KR100253773B1/ko not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1992-09-25 SG SG1996003027A patent/SG70967A1/en unknown
- 1992-09-29 PT PT8602U patent/PT8602T/pt active IP Right Grant
- 1992-09-30 EG EG58292A patent/EG20422A/xx active
- 1992-09-30 TR TR00917/92A patent/TR28671A/xx unknown
- 1992-09-30 CA CA002079557A patent/CA2079557C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1992-09-30 NZ NZ244558A patent/NZ244558A/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1992-09-30 CN CNB921128193A patent/CN1188093C/zh not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1992-10-01 MY MYPI92001763A patent/MY108856A/en unknown
- 1992-11-04 TW TW081108803A patent/TW235234B/zh active
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1993
- 1993-08-18 US US08/109,017 patent/US5344416A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
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1994
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- 1994-03-30 FI FI941489A patent/FI941489A/fi unknown
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1995
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1998
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2000
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2001
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