CN118564391A - A virtual dam pumped storage system and method using high-pressure CO2 as a carrier - Google Patents

A virtual dam pumped storage system and method using high-pressure CO2 as a carrier Download PDF

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Publication number
CN118564391A
CN118564391A CN202410794892.0A CN202410794892A CN118564391A CN 118564391 A CN118564391 A CN 118564391A CN 202410794892 A CN202410794892 A CN 202410794892A CN 118564391 A CN118564391 A CN 118564391A
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water
pressure
gas
turbine
energy
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余万
雷宇杭
操悦
王岗
苏华山
胡涛
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China Three Gorges University CTGU
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China Three Gorges University CTGU
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03B—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS
    • F03B13/00—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatus; Power stations or aggregates
    • F03B13/06—Stations or aggregates of water-storage type, e.g. comprising a turbine and a pump
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
    • F01D15/00—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of engines with devices driven thereby
    • F01D15/10—Adaptations for driving, or combinations with, electric generators
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
    • F01K25/00—Plants or engines characterised by use of special working fluids, not otherwise provided for; Plants operating in closed cycles and not otherwise provided for
    • F01K25/08—Plants or engines characterised by use of special working fluids, not otherwise provided for; Plants operating in closed cycles and not otherwise provided for using special vapours
    • F01K25/10—Plants or engines characterised by use of special working fluids, not otherwise provided for; Plants operating in closed cycles and not otherwise provided for using special vapours the vapours being cold, e.g. ammonia, carbon dioxide, ether
    • F01K25/103—Carbon dioxide
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
    • F01K3/00—Plants characterised by the use of steam or heat accumulators, or intermediate steam heaters, therein
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03G—SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS; MECHANICAL-POWER PRODUCING DEVICES OR MECHANISMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR OR USING ENERGY SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03G6/00—Devices for producing mechanical power from solar energy
    • F03G6/06—Devices for producing mechanical power from solar energy with solar energy concentrating means
    • F03G6/065—Devices for producing mechanical power from solar energy with solar energy concentrating means having a Rankine cycle
    • F03G6/066—Devices for producing mechanical power from solar energy with solar energy concentrating means having a Rankine cycle of the Organic Rankine Cycle [ORC] type or the Kalina Cycle type
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03G—SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS; MECHANICAL-POWER PRODUCING DEVICES OR MECHANISMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR OR USING ENERGY SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03G6/00—Devices for producing mechanical power from solar energy
    • F03G6/06—Devices for producing mechanical power from solar energy with solar energy concentrating means
    • F03G6/068—Devices for producing mechanical power from solar energy with solar energy concentrating means having other power cycles, e.g. Stirling or transcritical, supercritical cycles; combined with other power sources, e.g. wind, gas or nuclear
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
    • F04B17/00—Pumps characterised by combination with, or adaptation to, specific driving engines or motors
    • F04B17/03—Pumps characterised by combination with, or adaptation to, specific driving engines or motors driven by electric motors
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
    • F04B35/00—Piston pumps specially adapted for elastic fluids and characterised by the driving means to their working members, or by combination with, or adaptation to, specific driving engines or motors, not otherwise provided for
    • F04B35/04—Piston pumps specially adapted for elastic fluids and characterised by the driving means to their working members, or by combination with, or adaptation to, specific driving engines or motors, not otherwise provided for the means being electric
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
    • F04B37/00—Pumps having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F04B25/00 - F04B35/00
    • F04B37/10—Pumps having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F04B25/00 - F04B35/00 for special use
    • F04B37/12—Pumps having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F04B25/00 - F04B35/00 for special use to obtain high pressure
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
    • F04B37/00—Pumps having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F04B25/00 - F04B35/00
    • F04B37/10—Pumps having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F04B25/00 - F04B35/00 for special use
    • F04B37/18—Pumps having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F04B25/00 - F04B35/00 for special use for specific elastic fluids
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04F—PUMPING OF FLUID BY DIRECT CONTACT OF ANOTHER FLUID OR BY USING INERTIA OF FLUID TO BE PUMPED; SIPHONS
    • F04F13/00—Pressure exchangers
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/20—Hydro energy

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Engine Equipment That Uses Special Cycles (AREA)

Abstract

一种以高压CO2为载体的虚拟水坝抽水蓄能系统及方法，在储能阶段，通过水泵向水气共容舱抽水，使液面上升。同时，上层的CO2被压缩至压气机进行进一步压缩，最终进入高压储气罐储存。在释能阶段，高压CO2储气罐排放CO2并吸收蓄热器、回热器和再热器的热量。随后，CO2进入透平做功以产生电能，剩余气体则推动水气共容舱中的水进入水轮机用于发电。利用抽水蓄能和压缩CO2储能技术，结合太阳能加热高压CO2并有效回收余热的方式，实现能量的存储和释放，能够有效地平衡电力系统中的供需关系，提高能源利用效率，具有较高的可持续性和环保性。

A virtual dam pumped storage system and method using high-pressure CO2 as a carrier. In the energy storage stage, water is pumped into the water-gas co-containment tank by a water pump to raise the liquid level. At the same time, the upper CO2 is compressed to the compressor for further compression, and finally enters the high-pressure gas storage tank for storage. In the energy release stage, the high-pressure CO2 gas storage tank discharges CO2 and absorbs heat from the accumulator, the recuperator and the reheater. Subsequently, the CO2 enters the turbine to work to generate electricity, and the remaining gas pushes the water in the water-gas co-containment tank into the turbine for power generation. By utilizing pumped storage and compressed CO2 energy storage technology, combined with solar energy heating of high-pressure CO2 and effective recovery of waste heat, energy storage and release are achieved, which can effectively balance the supply and demand relationship in the power system, improve energy utilization efficiency, and have high sustainability and environmental protection.

Description

Virtual dam pumped storage system and method using high-pressure CO 2 as carrier
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of large-scale physical electric energy storage, and particularly relates to a virtual dam pumped storage system and method using high-pressure CO 2 as a carrier.
Background
With the global increasing demand for clean and renewable energy, energy storage technology is receiving increasing attention. The pumped storage and the compressed CO 2 energy storage technology are taken as two important technologies, and play an important role in the aspects of energy storage and management. Pumped storage is a common and mature energy storage technology, and the principle is that excess power is utilized to pump water to a high-level reservoir when low-valley power is required, and hydraulic energy is released to drive a water turbine to generate power when high-peak power is required. The technology has the characteristics of high efficiency, reliability, environmental protection and the like, can relieve the load pressure of a power system, and improves the stability and reliability of a power grid.
Compressed CO 2 energy storage technology is an emerging energy storage technology that utilizes supercritical CO 2 as an energy storage medium to store energy by compressing low pressure CO 2 to a high pressure state and releasing the compressed CO 2 when needed to generate power. The technology has the advantages of high energy density, reproducibility, environmental protection and the like, and can effectively balance the supply and demand relationship in the power system and improve the energy utilization efficiency.
The traditional pumped storage system has certain loss in the energy conversion process, especially in the water-electricity conversion link. For the composite energy storage system combined with the high-pressure CO 2, how to efficiently manage the heat exchange of the CO 2 in each stage of compression, storage and expansion, so that the heat loss is avoided, and the overall circulation efficiency is improved, which is a great problem. Existing thermal management systems tend to be complex and in practice it is difficult to achieve optimal heat recovery and utilization efficiency.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problem of providing a virtual dam pumped storage system and a virtual dam pumped storage method using high-pressure CO 2 as a carrier, which utilize the pumped storage and compressed CO 2 energy storage technology and combine solar energy to heat high-pressure CO 2 and effectively recover waste heat, so that energy storage and release are realized, the supply and demand relationship in a power system can be effectively balanced, the energy utilization efficiency is improved, and the system has higher sustainability and environmental friendliness.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
A virtual dam pumped storage system taking high-pressure CO 2 as a carrier comprises an external reservoir, a water pump, a water turbine, a first motor, a first generator, a water-gas CO-volume cabin, a gas compressor, a second motor, a heat accumulator, a high-pressure CO 2 gas storage tank, a heat regenerator, a first turbine, a reheater and a second turbine;
the water pump is connected with the first motor, the water inlet of the water pump is connected with an external reservoir through a pipeline, and the water outlet of the water pump is connected with the water inlet of the water-gas co-accommodating cabin;
The water turbine is connected with the first generator, the water inlet of the water turbine is connected with the water outlet of the water-gas co-holding cabin through a pipeline, and the water outlet is connected with an external reservoir through a pipeline through a second throttle valve;
The air outlet of the water-air co-accommodating cabin is connected to the air compressor through a pipeline through a third throttle valve; the compressor is powered by the second motor, and the fourth throttle valve is connected with an air inlet of the high-pressure CO gas storage tank through a pipeline;
The air outlet of the high-pressure CO air storage tank is sequentially connected with the heat accumulator, the heat regenerator, the first turbine, the heat regenerator, the second turbine and the heat regenerator through a pipeline through a fifth throttle valve, and finally is connected to the air inlet of the water-gas CO-accommodating cabin.
Preferably, a sealing device which floats along with the liquid level is arranged in the water-gas co-container cabin.
Preferably, the valve further comprises a first throttle valve, a second throttle valve, a third throttle valve, a fourth throttle valve, a fifth throttle valve and a sixth throttle valve for regulating the flow rate in the pipe and stabilizing the pressure of the fluid flow.
Preferably, the regenerator is connected to the inlet of the second turbine and the water-gas co-compartment by a conduit.
Preferably, the first turbine converts thermal energy of the gas into mechanical energy, the first turbine is connected with the heat accumulator and the reheater through a pipeline, the second turbine is connected with the heat regenerator and the reheater through a pipeline, and the rotating shafts of the first turbine and the second turbine are coaxially connected with the second generator.
Preferably, the reheater is connected to the first turbine and the second turbine by a pipe.
An energy storage method of a virtual dam pumped storage system taking high-pressure CO 2 as a carrier comprises the following steps:
In the energy storage stage, pumping water to the water-gas co-accommodating cabin through a water pump to enable the liquid level to rise; meanwhile, CO 2 on the upper layer is compressed to a gas compressor for further compression, and finally enters a high-pressure gas storage tank for storage; in the energy release stage, the high-pressure CO 2 gas storage tank discharges CO 2 and absorbs heat of the heat accumulator, the heat regenerator and the reheater; then, CO 2 enters a turbine to do work to generate electric energy, and the residual gas pushes water in the water-gas CO-holding cabin to enter a water turbine to generate electricity.
Preferably, water is filled into the water-air co-holding cabin after being stabilized from an external reservoir through a first throttle valve in the period of low electricity demand, and electric energy is converted into gravitational potential energy of water;
the gravity potential energy of water in the water-gas co-holding cabin is converted into mechanical energy in the power demand peak period to drive the water turbine to rotate and generate power;
a sealing device which floats along with the liquid level is arranged in the water-gas CO-container cabin and is used for isolating CO 2 and water and is used as a channel for energy transfer of the CO 2 and the water;
The compressor is used for increasing the pressure of CO 2 and compressing low-pressure CO 2 into high-pressure CO 2; the compressor is powered by the second motor and is connected to an air inlet of the high-pressure CO 2 air storage tank through a pipeline by a fourth throttle valve; compressing CO 2 to a high-pressure CO 2 gas storage tank, and increasing the water level to maintain the pressure stability in the water-gas CO-container cabin; in the energy release stage, CO 2 discharged from the high-pressure gas storage space is heated by a heat accumulator, a heat regenerator and a reheater to enter a turbine to do work, electric energy is output, and the CO 2 after the work is done drives water in the water-gas CO-holding cabin to enter a water turbine to further generate electricity.
Preferably, the accumulator is used for recovering compression heat in an energy storage stage and preheating CO 2 gas in an energy release stage; the high-pressure CO 2 gas storage tank is used for storing high-pressure CO 2; the heat regenerator heats high-pressure CO 2 by utilizing the waste heat of the CO 2 after acting; the first and second turbines convert the thermal energy of the gas to mechanical energy, and the reheater heats the CO 2 to a preset temperature using solar energy.
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. The energy storage and release are realized by utilizing the pumped storage and compressed CO 2 energy storage technology and combining the solar energy to heat the high-pressure CO 2 and effectively recovering the waste heat; according to the invention, water and CO 2 with certain pressure are located in a cabin together, and a virtual dam is formed by utilizing the pressure of CO 2 through the characteristic that a water-air interface has the same pressure, so that the dam effect is simulated under the condition that an actual dam is not available; when the water pump injects water into the container, the dam with height difference is established between the downstream of the water pump and the container, and the challenges of the traditional pumped storage in the aspects of construction period, site selection difficulty, influence on ecological environment and the like are overcome; the system can realize balance between energy supply and demand, improves energy utilization efficiency, reduces load pressure of a power system, and has higher sustainability and environmental protection.
2. According to the invention, through the water pumping and precompression processes, CO 2 is compressed to the high-pressure CO 2 gas storage tank and simultaneously water is pumped into the water-gas CO-container cabin, so that the pressure stability in the water-gas CO-container cabin is maintained. In the energy release stage, CO 2 discharged from the high-pressure gas storage space is heated by a heat accumulator, a heat regenerator and a reheater to enter a turbine to do work, electric energy is output, and the CO 2 after the work is done drives water in the water-gas CO-holding cabin to enter a water turbine to further generate electricity.
Drawings
The invention is further illustrated by the following examples in conjunction with the accompanying drawings:
FIG. 1 is a block diagram of a system according to the present invention.
In the figure: the water turbine comprises an external reservoir 1, a water pump 2, a water turbine 3, a first throttle valve 4, a second throttle valve 5, a first motor 6, a first generator 7, a water-gas CO-tank 8, a sealing device 9, a third throttle valve 10, a gas compressor 11, a second motor 12, a heat accumulator 13, a fourth throttle valve 14, a fifth throttle valve 15, a high-pressure CO 2 gas storage tank 16, a heat regenerator 17, a first turbine 18, a reheater 19, a second turbine 20, a second generator 21 and a sixth throttle valve 22.
Detailed Description
The preferred scheme is as shown in fig. 1, a virtual dam pumped storage system taking high-pressure CO 2 as a carrier comprises an external reservoir 1, a water pump 2, a water turbine 3, a first throttle valve 4, a second throttle valve 5, a first motor 6, a first generator 7, a water-gas CO-tank 8, a sealing device 9, a third throttle valve 10, a gas compressor 11, a second motor 12, a heat accumulator 13, a fourth throttle valve 14, a fifth throttle valve 15, a high-pressure CO 2 gas storage tank 16, a heat regenerator 17, a first turbine 18, a reheater 19, a second turbine 20, a second generator 21 and a sixth throttle valve 22.
The water pump 2 is connected with the first motor 6, and the water is stably filled into the water-gas co-container cabin 8 from the external reservoir 1 through the first throttle valve 4 in the period of low electricity demand, so that electric energy is converted into gravitational potential energy of the water. The water inlet of the water pump 2 is connected with the external reservoir 1 through a pipeline, and the water outlet is connected with the water inlet of the water-gas co-holding cabin 8.
The water turbine 3 is connected with the first generator 7, and the gravitational potential energy of water in the water-gas compatible cabin 8 is converted into mechanical energy in the peak period of power demand to drive the water turbine to rotate and generate power. The water inlet of the water turbine 3 is connected with the water outlet of the water-gas compatible cabin 8 through a pipeline, and the water outlet is connected with the external reservoir 1 through a pipeline through the second throttle valve 5.
The air outlet of the water-air co-container cabin 8 is connected to the air compressor 11 through a pipeline through a third throttle valve 10. The compressor 11 is powered by a second motor 12 and is connected by a conduit through a fourth throttle valve 14 to the inlet of a high pressure CO 2 air reservoir 16. The water-gas CO-container 16 is internally provided with a sealing device 9 which floats along with the liquid level and is used for isolating CO 2 from water and serving as a channel for energy transfer of the CO 2 and the water.
The first throttle valve 4, the second throttle valve 5, the third throttle valve 10, the fourth throttle valve 14, the fifth throttle valve 15 and the sixth throttle valve 22 can regulate the flow rate in the pipe and stabilize the pressure of the fluid flow.
The compressor 11 is used to increase the pressure of the CO 2, compressing the low pressure CO 2 to a high pressure CO 2. The compressor 11 is powered by a second motor 12 and is connected by a conduit through a fourth throttle valve 14 to the inlet of a high pressure CO 2 air reservoir 16.
The heat accumulator 13 is used for recovering compression heat in the energy storage stage and for preheating the CO 2 gas in the energy release stage.
The high pressure CO 2 air reservoir 16 is used to store high pressure CO 2. The air outlet of the air conditioner is sequentially connected with the heat accumulator 13, the heat regenerator 17, the first turbine 18, the reheater 19, the second turbine 20 and the heat regenerator 17 through a pipeline by a fifth throttle valve 15, and finally connected with the air inlet of the water-gas co-volume cabin 8.
The regenerator 17 heats the high pressure CO 2 using the post-work CO 2 waste heat. The regenerator 17 is connected with the second turbine 20 and the air inlet of the water-gas co-compartment 8 through a pipeline.
The first turbine 18 and the second turbine 20 convert the thermal energy of the gas into mechanical energy, the first turbine 18 is connected with the heat accumulator 13 and the reheater 19 through a pipeline, the second turbine 20 is connected with the heat regenerator 17 and the reheater 19 through a pipeline, and the rotating shafts of the first turbine 18 and the second turbine 20 are coaxially connected with the second generator 21.
The reheater 19 heats the CO 2 to a preset temperature using solar energy. The reheater 19 is connected to the first turbine 18 and the second turbine 20 by a pipe.
The pipeline is used for communicating a water inlet, a first throttle valve 4, a water pump 2, a water-gas CO-container 8, a sealing device 9, a third throttle valve 10, a gas compressor 11, a heat accumulator 13, a fourth throttle valve 14, a high-pressure CO 2 gas storage tank 16, a fifth throttle valve 15, a heat regenerator 17, a first turbine 18, a reheater 19, a second turbine 20, a sixth throttle valve 22, the water-gas CO-container 8, a water turbine (3, a second throttle valve 5 and a water outlet to form a loop.
Further, the water-gas co-container cabin 8 can realize energy conversion between water and gas, improve energy utilization efficiency, and adapt to different working conditions and energy requirements. The water level and the pressure are regulated, so that energy can be stored and released, and the running state of the system can be regulated according to the requirement.
Further, the advantage of high energy density of the high-pressure CO 2 is utilized, the energy storage density is improved, the high-pressure CO 2 has high chemical stability at proper temperature and pressure, the stability of the system is improved, and meanwhile, the high-pressure CO 2 is used as an environment-friendly technology to be beneficial to sustainable development.
Furthermore, the multistage throttle valve is arranged, so that the flow of a pipeline system is greatly controlled, overload or over-high pressure of the pipeline is prevented, turbulence and vortex of fluid are reduced, safe operation of equipment and a system is protected, and the operation stability of the system is improved.
Further, the solar energy is utilized to heat the high-pressure CO 2 passing through the reheater 19, so that the extra energy consumption is reduced, and the energy utilization rate is improved. And the compression heat recovered by the heat accumulator 13 is utilized to preheat the CO 2 from the high-pressure CO 2 gas storage tank 16, meanwhile, the CO 2 after working transmits the waste heat to the CO 2 preheated by the heat accumulator 13 through the heat regenerator 17, and the energy is effectively recovered. This method enhances the sustainability of the system and reduces the load on the system.
The invention utilizes the high energy density, low environmental impact and wide applicability of CO 2 and combines the advantages of pumped storage, water and CO 2 with certain pressure are jointly positioned in one cabin body, and a virtual dam is formed by utilizing the pressure of CO 2 through the characteristic that a water-gas interface has the same pressure, so that the dam outlet effect is simulated under the condition of no actual dam. When the water pump fills water into the container, a dam with height difference is established between the downstream of the water pump and the container, so that the challenges of the traditional pumped storage in terms of construction period, site selection difficulty, influence on ecological environment and the like are overcome. The invention utilizes the supercritical carbon dioxide SCO 2 to form a virtual dam, thereby realizing the combination of SCO 2 energy storage and pumped storage, forming a pumping SCO 2 energy storage system without a dam, providing a solution for an energy system mainly based on renewable energy sources and a water-wind-solar multi-energy collaborative complementary network in the future, and promoting the realization of a double-carbon target.
An energy storage method of a virtual dam pumped storage system taking high-pressure CO 2 as a carrier comprises the following steps:
In the energy storage stage, pumping water to the water-gas co-accommodating cabin through a water pump to enable the liquid level to rise; meanwhile, CO 2 on the upper layer is compressed to a gas compressor for further compression, and finally enters a high-pressure gas storage tank for storage;
In the energy release stage, the high-pressure CO 2 gas storage tank discharges CO 2 and absorbs heat of the heat accumulator, the heat regenerator and the reheater; then, CO 2 enters a turbine to do work to generate electric energy, and the residual gas pushes water in the water-gas CO-holding cabin to enter a water turbine to generate electricity.
Water is stably filled into the water-gas co-holding cabin 8 from the external reservoir 1 through the first throttle valve 4 in the period of low electricity demand, and electric energy is converted into gravitational potential energy of water;
The gravity potential energy of water in the water-gas co-holding cabin 8 is converted into mechanical energy in the power demand peak period to drive the water turbine to rotate and generate power;
Wherein, the water-gas CO-container cabin 8 is internally provided with a sealing device 9 which floats along with the liquid level and is used for isolating CO 2 and water and serving as a channel for energy transfer of the CO 2 and the water; the compressor 11 is used for increasing the pressure of the CO 2 and compressing the low-pressure CO 2 into high-pressure CO 2; the compressor 11 is powered by a second motor 12 and is connected to an air inlet of a high-pressure CO 2 air storage tank 16 through a pipeline via a fourth throttle valve 14; compressing CO 2 to a high-pressure CO 2 gas storage tank and pumping water into the water-gas CO-accommodating cabin at the same time so as to maintain the pressure stability in the water-gas CO-accommodating cabin; in the energy release stage, CO 2 discharged from the high-pressure gas storage space is heated by a heat accumulator, a heat regenerator and a reheater to enter a turbine to do work, electric energy is output, and the CO 2 after the work is done drives water in the water-gas CO-holding cabin to enter a water turbine to further generate electricity.
The heat accumulator 13 is used for recovering compression heat in an energy storage stage and preheating CO 2 gas in an energy release stage;
the high-pressure CO 2 gas storage tank 16 is used for storing high-pressure CO 2;
the heat regenerator 17 heats high-pressure CO 2 by utilizing the waste heat of the CO 2 after the work is done;
first turbine 18 and second turbine 20 convert the energy of the gas into mechanical energy,
The reheater 19 heats the CO 2 to a preset temperature using solar energy.
The above embodiments are only preferred embodiments of the present invention, and should not be construed as limiting the present invention, and the scope of the present invention should be defined by the claims, including the equivalents of the technical features in the claims. I.e., equivalent replacement modifications within the scope of this invention are also within the scope of the invention.

Claims (9)

1.一种以高压CO2为载体的虚拟水坝抽水蓄能系统，其特征在于：包括外部水库（1）、水泵（2）、水轮机（3）、第一电动机（6）、第一发电机（7）、水气共容舱（8）、压气机（11）、第二电动机（12）、蓄热器（13）、高压CO2储气罐（16）、回热器（17）、第一透平（18）、再热器（19）和第二透平（20）；1. A virtual dam pumped storage system using high-pressure CO2 as a carrier, characterized in that it comprises an external reservoir (1), a water pump (2), a turbine (3), a first motor (6), a first generator (7), a water-gas co-containment chamber (8), a compressor (11), a second motor (12), a heat accumulator (13), a high-pressure CO2 gas storage tank (16), a regenerator (17), a first turbine (18), a reheater (19) and a second turbine (20); 其中水泵（2）与第一电动机（6）相连，水泵（2）的进水口通过管道连接外部水库（1），而出水口与水气共容舱（8）的进水口相连；The water pump (2) is connected to the first motor (6), the water inlet of the water pump (2) is connected to the external water reservoir (1) through a pipeline, and the water outlet is connected to the water inlet of the water-gas co-containment chamber (8); 水轮机（3）与第一发电机（7）相连，水轮机（3）的进水口通过管道与水气共容舱（8）的出水口相连，而出水口则通过管道经第二节流阀（5）与外部水库（1）相连接；The water turbine (3) is connected to the first generator (7), the water inlet of the water turbine (3) is connected to the water outlet of the water-gas co-containment tank (8) through a pipeline, and the water outlet is connected to the external reservoir (1) through a pipeline via a second throttle valve (5); 水气共容舱（8）的出气口通过管路经过第三节流阀（10）连接至压气机（11）；压气机（11）由第二电动机（12）供电，第四节流阀（14）通过管道与高压CO2储气罐（16）的进气口连接；The air outlet of the water-gas co-containment chamber (8) is connected to the compressor (11) through a pipeline via a third throttle valve (10); the compressor (11) is powered by a second motor (12), and the fourth throttle valve (14) is connected to the air inlet of the high-pressure CO2 storage tank (16) through a pipeline; 高压CO2储气罐（16）出气口通过管道经过第五节流阀（15）依次连接蓄热器（13）、回热器（17）、第一透平（18）、再热器（19）、第二透平（20）和回热器（17），最终连接至水气共容舱（8）的进气口。The gas outlet of the high-pressure CO2 gas storage tank (16) is connected to the heat accumulator (13), the reheater (17), the first turbine (18), the reheater (19), the second turbine (20) and the reheater (17) in sequence through a pipeline and a fifth throttle valve (15), and is finally connected to the gas inlet of the water-gas co-containment tank (8). 2.根据权利要求1所述的一种以高压CO2为载体的虚拟水坝抽水蓄能系统，其特征在于：水气共容舱（16）内设有随液面浮动的密封装置（9）。2. A virtual dam pumped storage system using high-pressure CO2 as a carrier according to claim 1, characterized in that a sealing device (9) floating with the liquid surface is provided in the water-gas co-containment chamber (16). 3.根据权利要求1所述的一种以高压CO2为载体的虚拟水坝抽水蓄能系统，其特征在于：还包括第一节流阀（4），第一节流阀（4）、第二节流阀（5）、第三节流阀（10）、第四节流阀（14）、第五节流阀（15）、第六节流阀（22）用于调节管内流量并稳定流体流动的压力。3. A virtual dam pumped storage system using high-pressure CO2 as a carrier according to claim 1, characterized in that it also includes a first throttle valve (4), the first throttle valve (4), the second throttle valve (5), the third throttle valve (10), the fourth throttle valve (14), the fifth throttle valve (15), and the sixth throttle valve (22) are used to adjust the flow rate in the pipe and stabilize the pressure of the fluid flow. 4.根据权利要求1所述的一种以高压CO2为载体的虚拟水坝抽水蓄能系统，其特征在于：回热器（17）通过管道与第二透平（20）和水气共容舱（8）的进气口相连。4. A virtual dam pumped storage system using high-pressure CO2 as a carrier according to claim 1, characterized in that the regenerator (17) is connected to the air inlet of the second turbine (20) and the water-gas co-containment tank (8) through a pipeline. 5.根据权利要求1所述的一种以高压CO2为载体的虚拟水坝抽水蓄能系统，其特征在于：第一透平（18）和第二透平（20）将气体的能量转化为机械能，第一透平（18）通过管道与蓄热器（13）和再热器（19）相连，第二透平（20）通过管道与回热器（17）和再热器（19）相连，第一透平（18）和第二透平（20）的转轴与第二发电机（21）同轴相连。5. A virtual dam pumped storage system using high-pressure CO2 as a carrier according to claim 1, characterized in that: the first turbine (18) and the second turbine (20) convert the energy of the gas into mechanical energy, the first turbine (18) is connected to the heat accumulator (13) and the reheater (19) through a pipeline, the second turbine (20) is connected to the heat regenerator (17) and the reheater (19) through a pipeline, and the rotating shafts of the first turbine (18) and the second turbine (20) are coaxially connected to the second generator (21). 6.根据权利要求1所述的一种以高压CO2为载体的虚拟水坝抽水蓄能系统，其特征在于：再热器（19）通过管道与第一透平（18）与第二透平（20）相连。6. A virtual dam pumped storage system using high-pressure CO2 as a carrier according to claim 1, characterized in that the reheater (19) is connected to the first turbine (18) and the second turbine (20) through a pipeline. 7.根据权利要求1-6中任意一项所述的一种以高压CO2为载体的虚拟水坝抽水蓄能系统的蓄能方法，其特征在于：7. The energy storage method of a virtual dam pumped storage system using high pressure CO2 as a carrier according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: 抽水蓄能方法为：The pumped storage method is: 在储能阶段，通过水泵向水气共容舱抽水，使液面上升；同时，上层的CO2被压缩至压气机进行进一步压缩，最终进入高压储气罐储存；在释能阶段，高压CO2储气罐排放CO2并吸收蓄热器、回热器和再热器的热量；随后，CO2进入透平做功以产生电能，剩余气体则推动水气共容舱中的水进入水轮机用于发电。During the energy storage stage, water is pumped into the water-gas co-containment tank through a water pump to raise the liquid level; at the same time, the CO2 in the upper layer is compressed into the compressor for further compression and finally enters the high-pressure gas storage tank for storage; during the energy release stage, the high-pressure CO2 gas storage tank discharges CO2 and absorbs heat from the accumulator, recuperator and reheater; then, CO2 enters the turbine to perform work to generate electricity, and the remaining gas pushes the water in the water-gas co-containment tank into the turbine for power generation. 8.根据权利要求7所述的一种以高压CO2为载体的虚拟水坝抽水蓄能系统的蓄能方法，其特征在于：8. The energy storage method of a virtual dam pumped storage system using high-pressure CO2 as a carrier according to claim 7 is characterized by: 在电力需求低谷时段将水从外部水库（1）经过第一节流阀（4）稳定后充入水气共容舱（8），将电能转化为水的重力势能；During the period of low electricity demand, water is fed from the external reservoir (1) through the first throttle valve (4) and then stabilized into the water-gas co-containment chamber (8), thereby converting electrical energy into the gravitational potential energy of water; 在电力需求高峰时段利用水气共容舱（8）中水的重力势能转化为机械能，推动水轮机（3）旋转并发电；During the peak period of electricity demand, the gravitational potential energy of water in the water-gas co-containment tank (8) is converted into mechanical energy to drive the turbine (3) to rotate and generate electricity; 水气共容舱（8）内设有随液面浮动的密封装置（9），用于隔离CO2和水，作为二者能量传递的通道；A sealing device (9) floating with the liquid surface is provided in the water-gas co-containment chamber (8) for isolating CO2 and water and serving as a channel for energy transfer between the two. 压气机（11）用于增加CO2的压力，将低压CO2压缩为高压CO2；压气机（11）由第二电动机（12）供电，通过管道经过第四节流阀（14）连接至高压CO2储气罐（16）的进气口；将CO2压缩至高压CO2储气罐（16），并提高水位，以维持水气共容舱（8）内的压力稳定；在释能阶段，高压储气空间排出的CO2通过蓄热器（13）、回热器（17）和再热器（19）加热进入透平做功，输出电能，做完功的CO2则驱动水气共容舱（8）内的水进入水轮机（3）进一步发电。The compressor (11) is used to increase the pressure of CO2 and compress low-pressure CO2 into high-pressure CO2 ; the compressor (11) is powered by a second motor (12) and is connected to the air inlet of a high-pressure CO2 storage tank (16) through a pipeline via a fourth throttle valve (14); CO2 is compressed into the high-pressure CO2 storage tank (16) and the water level is increased to maintain the pressure in the water-gas co-containment chamber (8) stable; in the energy release stage, CO2 discharged from the high-pressure gas storage space is heated by a heat accumulator (13), a heat regenerator (17) and a reheater (19) and enters a turbine to perform work and output electrical energy, and the CO2 that has completed the work drives the water in the water-gas co-containment chamber (8) to enter a turbine (3) to further generate electricity. 9.根据权利要求8所述的一种以高压CO2为载体的虚拟水坝抽水蓄能系统的蓄能方法，其特征在于：9. The energy storage method of a virtual dam pumped storage system using high-pressure CO2 as a carrier according to claim 8 is characterized in that: 蓄热器（13）在储能阶段用于回收压缩热，在释能阶段用于对CO2气体进行预热；The heat accumulator (13) is used to recover compression heat in the energy storage stage and to preheat the CO2 gas in the energy release stage; 高压CO2储气罐（16）用于储存高压CO2；The high-pressure CO 2 gas storage tank (16) is used to store high-pressure CO 2 ; 回热器（17）利用做功后的CO2余热来加热高压CO2；The regenerator (17) uses the waste heat of CO 2 after work to heat the high-pressure CO 2 ; 第一透平（18）和第二透平（20）将气体的热能转化为机械能，The first turbine (18) and the second turbine (20) convert the thermal energy of the gas into mechanical energy. 再热器（19）利用太阳能加热CO2至预设温度。The reheater (19) utilizes solar energy to heat the CO2 to a preset temperature.
CN202410794892.0A 2024-06-19 2024-06-19 A virtual dam pumped storage system and method using high-pressure CO2 as a carrier Pending CN118564391A (en)

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
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CN119102818A (en) * 2024-09-18 2024-12-10 河北工程大学 Energy storage system using compressed air, pumped storage and PVT coupling

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN119102818A (en) * 2024-09-18 2024-12-10 河北工程大学 Energy storage system using compressed air, pumped storage and PVT coupling
CN119102818B (en) * 2024-09-18 2025-09-19 河北工程大学 Energy-generating and energy-storing system coupled with PVT by compressed air and pumped storage

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