CN110645136A - Power generation system - Google Patents
Power generation system Download PDFInfo
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- CN110645136A CN110645136A CN201911020345.2A CN201911020345A CN110645136A CN 110645136 A CN110645136 A CN 110645136A CN 201911020345 A CN201911020345 A CN 201911020345A CN 110645136 A CN110645136 A CN 110645136A
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- gas
- liquid mixing
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F03B—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS
- F03B13/00—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatus; Power stations or aggregates
- F03B13/06—Stations or aggregates of water-storage type, e.g. comprising a turbine and a pump
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F03B—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS
- F03B17/00—Other machines or engines
- F03B17/005—Installations wherein the liquid circulates in a closed loop ; Alleged perpetua mobilia of this or similar kind
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
- F04B41/00—Pumping installations or systems specially adapted for elastic fluids
- F04B41/02—Pumping installations or systems specially adapted for elastic fluids having reservoirs
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
- F04B41/00—Pumping installations or systems specially adapted for elastic fluids
- F04B41/06—Combinations of two or more pumps
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04F—PUMPING OF FLUID BY DIRECT CONTACT OF ANOTHER FLUID OR BY USING INERTIA OF FLUID TO BE PUMPED; SIPHONS
- F04F1/00—Pumps using positively or negatively pressurised fluid medium acting directly on the liquid to be pumped
- F04F1/06—Pumps using positively or negatively pressurised fluid medium acting directly on the liquid to be pumped the fluid medium acting on the surface of the liquid to be pumped
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
- H02J3/28—Arrangements for balancing of the load in a network by storage of energy
- H02J3/32—Arrangements for balancing of the load in a network by storage of energy using batteries with converting means
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/20—Hydro energy
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/16—Mechanical energy storage, e.g. flywheels or pressurised fluids
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E70/00—Other energy conversion or management systems reducing GHG emissions
- Y02E70/30—Systems combining energy storage with energy generation of non-fossil origin
Abstract
The invention discloses a power generation system, which comprises a high-pressure gas system, a channel switching system, a gas-liquid mixing system, a hydraulic power generation system and a control system, wherein the high-pressure gas system, the gas-liquid mixing system and the hydraulic power generation system are connected through the channel switching system and are controlled by the control system; the control system changes the running state of the power generation system, and the running state of the power generation system is divided into an energy storage state and a power generation state: in the energy storage state, the power generation system absorbs new energy electric energy from the power grid, and the new energy electric energy is converted into compressed air to be stored in the high-pressure air system; in the power generation state, under the action of the control system, air energy is converted into electric energy through the high-pressure air system, the gas-liquid mixing system, the hydraulic power generation system and the channel switching system. The invention can relieve the phenomena of wind abandoning, light abandoning and water abandoning, and solves the problems of low consumption proportion of renewable energy sources caused by difficult grid connection of the renewable energy sources and difficult consumption after grid connection.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of power generation, in particular to a power generation system.
Background
In order to improve the consumption proportion of non-fossil energy, guarantee the safe power supply and the heat demand of civilian life, the adjustment capacity and the operation efficiency of a power system need to be improved, multiple measures are taken from a load side, a power supply side and a power grid side, the flexibility and the adaptability of the system are enhanced, the problem of new energy consumption is solved, and the green development is promoted. With the development of large-scale wind energy/photovoltaic resources, the development of wind power/photovoltaic in China keeps the strong momentum of rapid development, but the contradiction between the unconventional development of new energy power generation and the relative lag of power grid construction is increasingly obvious, the large-scale wind power/photovoltaic energy accessed to the power grid with the characteristics of randomness, intermittence, counterregulation, large output fluctuation and the like has great influence on the voltage stability, transient stability and frequency stability of a system, and the problems of difficult grid connection of the wind power/photovoltaic energy, difficult absorption after grid connection and the like seriously restrict the revolution of an energy structure. The hydroelectric generating set has the characteristics of rapid halt, high adjusting speed, wide adjusting range and the like, and has the functions of peak regulation, frequency modulation and the like in a system, however, conventional hydroelectric power plants and pumped storage power plants have limited effects on large-scale new energy storage and energy conversion, cannot absorb abundant large-scale renewable new energy electric power such as wind power, solar energy and the like, and have certain requirements on terrain and geology.
Disclosure of Invention
Technical problem to be solved
Based on the problems, the invention provides a power generation system which has the functions of large-scale energy storage and power generation, has the characteristics of quick starting and stopping, high adjusting speed and wide adjusting range similar to a hydroelectric generating set, realizes energy storage and energy conversion, improves the consumption proportion of renewable energy, and can operate circularly.
(II) technical scheme
Based on the technical problem, the invention provides a power generation system, which comprises a high-pressure gas system, a channel switching system, a gas-liquid mixing system, a hydraulic power generation system and a control system, wherein the high-pressure gas system, the gas-liquid mixing system and the hydraulic power generation system are connected through the channel switching system and are controlled by the control system;
the high-pressure gas system comprises N1Group parallel A side high pressure gas subsystem and N2Group-parallel B-side high-pressure gas subsystems, N1≥1，N2≥1；
The gas-liquid mixing system comprises an A side gas-liquid mixing subsystem and a B side gas-liquid mixing subsystem;
the hydraulic power generation system comprises a prime motor and a power generator set thereof;
the control system comprises the prime mover, a speed regulating system of the generator set, an excitation system, a monitoring system, a protection system and an air pressure control system;
the channel switching system comprises a valve and a pipeline in the system;
each group of high-pressure gas subsystem comprises an air compression device and a high-pressure gas storage container which are sequentially and correspondingly connected, the inlet of the air compression device is communicated with external normal-pressure air, the outlet of the high-pressure gas storage container is communicated with the air inlet of the corresponding gas-liquid mixing subsystem, the liquid outlet of the A-side gas-liquid mixing subsystem is connected with the liquid inlet of the B-side gas-liquid mixing subsystem through the hydraulic power generation system, the liquid outlet of the B-side gas-liquid mixing subsystem is connected with the liquid inlet of the A-side gas-liquid mixing subsystem, and the on-off of all the components is controlled through a.
Furthermore, the power generation system has an energy storage state and a power generation state, and the energy storage state is realized by the high-pressure gas system, the channel switching system and the control system; the power generation state is realized by a high-pressure gas system, a gas-liquid mixing system, a hydraulic power generation system, a channel switching system and a control system together, and the hydraulic power generation system generates power hydraulically.
Further, the A side gas-liquid mixing subsystem comprises M1A gas-liquid mixing container at the A side, and a gas-liquid mixing subsystem at the B side comprising M2A gas-liquid mixing container at side B, M1≥1，M2The gas-liquid mixing container is characterized in that the gas and the liquid coexist in proportion in the gas-liquid mixing container, the gas-liquid mixing container on the A side is sequentially connected through a valve, the gas-liquid mixing container on the B side is sequentially connected through a valve, the gas-liquid mixing container connected with the high-pressure gas system at one end is the gas-liquid mixing container where the liquid outlet of the gas-liquid mixing subsystem is located, and the gas-liquid mixing container on the other end is the gas-liquid mixing container where the liquid inlet of the gas-liquid mixing subsystem is located.
Further, the gas-liquid mixing container at the side A and the gas-liquid mixing container at the side B are both connected with an exhaust valve.
Further, the A-side gas-liquid mixing subsystem comprises a first A-side gas-liquid mixing container and a low-pressure A-side gas-liquid mixing container, the B-side gas-liquid mixing subsystem comprises a first B-side gas-liquid mixing container and a low-pressure B-side gas-liquid mixing container, the terrain of the low-pressure gas-liquid mixing container is higher than that of the corresponding first gas-liquid mixing container, or the first gas-liquid mixing container is connected with an exhaust valve, the first gas-liquid mixing container is connected with a high-pressure gas system, the liquid outlet of the first gas-liquid mixing container is the liquid outlet of the corresponding gas-liquid mixing subsystem, and the liquid inlet of the low-pressure gas-liquid mixing.
Preferably, the gas pressure in the high-pressure gas storage container is not less than 0.13 MPa.
Preferably, the liquid is water, saline or a high density liquid.
Preferably, the gas-liquid mixing container is an underground pit, an underground cave, a abandoned mine, a developed salt well or mine, an aquifer cave, a ground gas storage device or an underwater gas storage container.
Preferably, the prime mover of the hydraulic power generation system has a low specific speed of 100 m-kW to 200 m-kW and an ultra-low specific speed of 10 m-kW to 100 m-kW, and is a water turbine, an industrial turbine or a hydraulic turbine.
Preferably, the power generation system can be implemented under different terrains of rivers, lakes, oceans, mountainous regions, inland regions, islands in the sea.
(III) advantageous effects
The technical scheme of the invention has the following advantages:
(1) according to the invention, renewable energy sources such as wind power/photovoltaic energy and the like can be converted into compressed air to be stored in a high-pressure gas system, and then the air energy can be converted into electric energy generated by a hydraulic power generation system, so that after the wind power/photovoltaic energy is converted in a series, adverse effects on voltage stability, transient stability and frequency stability of a grid system due to the characteristics of randomness, intermittence, anti-regulation, large output fluctuation and the like are avoided, and the wind power/photovoltaic energy conversion system has the advantages similar to those of a hydroelectric generating set, is beneficial to grid connection of the wind power/photovoltaic energy sources, is beneficial to improvement of the consumption proportion of the renewable energy sources, and relieves the phenomena of;
(2) the invention pushes the liquid in the gas-liquid mixing container to generate electricity by releasing the compressed air, and compared with the conventional pumped storage power plant, the invention does not depend on the terrain drop, so that the power generation system can be realized in different terrains such as rivers, lakes, oceans, mountainous regions, inland, islands and the like;
(3) according to the invention, liquid flowing into the B side gas-liquid mixing subsystem after hydraulic power generation can return to the A side gas-liquid mixing subsystem in a high-pressure air, high-pressure pump and gravity flow mode, so that liquid flow circulation is realized, and resources are saved;
(4) according to the invention, only one side of the two sides AB is required to be convenient for taking liquid into the gas-liquid mixing container, only the gas-liquid mixing container on one side is required to contain liquid, so that the requirements of the gas-liquid mixing container and the liquid source position are reduced, and the power generation system is easier to realize;
(5) compared with compressed air energy storage power generation, the invention can determine the required limited air storage container volume according to the unit capacity without depending on a large-capacity cave;
(6) the invention can store redundant electric energy or renewable resources, save resources, reduce the consumption of fossil energy, relieve the pressure on the ecological environment and realize sustainable development.
Drawings
The features and advantages of the present invention will be more clearly understood by reference to the accompanying drawings, which are illustrative and not to be construed as limiting the invention in any way, and in which:
FIG. 1 is a schematic block diagram of a power generation system according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a power generation system according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a power generation system according to a second embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a third power generation system according to an embodiment of the present invention;
in the figure: 1: a side A gas-water mixing container I; 10: a side A gas-water mixing container II; 2: a first gas-water mixing container on the B side; 20: a second gas-water mixing container on the B side; 3: a hydraulic turbine; 6: a low-pressure gas-water mixing container at the side B; 11: a first air compressor at the A side; 12: the A-side high-pressure gas storage tank I13: a first air valve; 14: a second air valve; 15: a side A high-pressure gas main valve; 21: a first air compressor at the B side; 22: the first B-side high-pressure gas storage tank 23: a third air valve; 24: a fourth air valve; 25: a high-pressure gas main valve at the side B; 31: a first water valve; 32: a second water valve; 33: a third water valve; 51: a first valve; 62: a second valve; 71: a first exhaust valve; 72: a second exhaust valve; 73: a third exhaust valve; 74: and a fourth exhaust valve.
Detailed Description
The following detailed description of embodiments of the present invention is provided in connection with the accompanying drawings and examples. The following examples are intended to illustrate the invention but are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.
The invention discloses a power generation system, which comprises a high-pressure gas system, a channel switching system, a gas-liquid mixing system, a hydraulic power generation system and a control system, wherein as shown in figure 1, the high-pressure gas system, the gas-liquid mixing system and the hydraulic power generation system are connected through the channel switching system and are controlled by the control system; the control system changes the running state of the power generation system, and the running state of the power generation system is divided into an energy storage state and a power generation state: in the energy storage state, the power generation system absorbs new energy electric energy and redundant electric energy from the power grid, and converts the electric energy into compressed air to be stored in the high-pressure air system; in the power generation state, under the action of the control system, air energy is converted into electric energy through the high-pressure air system, the gas-liquid mixing system, the hydraulic power generation system and the channel switching system.
The above-mentionedThe high-pressure gas system comprises N1Group parallel A side high pressure gas subsystem and N2Group-parallel B-side high-pressure gas subsystems, N1≥1，N2Each group of high-pressure air subsystems comprises an air compression device and a high-pressure air storage container which are correspondingly connected; the gas pressure in the high-pressure gas storage container at the side A and the high-pressure gas storage container at the side B is not lower than 0.13 MPa; the multiple groups of high-pressure gas subsystems are used for absorbing more electric energy of new energy and redundant electric energy.
The gas-liquid mixing system comprises an A side gas-liquid mixing subsystem and a B side gas-liquid mixing subsystem, wherein the A side gas-liquid mixing subsystem comprises M1A gas-liquid mixing container at the A side, and a gas-liquid mixing subsystem at the B side comprising M2A gas-liquid mixing container at side B, M1≥1，M2And the gas-liquid mixing container at the side A is connected in sequence through a valve, the gas-liquid mixing container at the side B is connected in sequence through a valve, the gas-liquid mixing container at one end connected with the high-pressure gas system is the gas-liquid mixing container at the water outlet of the gas-liquid mixing subsystem, and the gas-liquid mixing container at the other end is the gas-liquid mixing container at the water inlet of the gas-liquid mixing subsystem. The gas and the liquid in the gas-liquid mixing container coexist in proportion, the liquid is any liquid medium which is not limited to water, saline water or high-density liquid, and the implementation mode of the gas-liquid mixing container is not limited to the forms of underground wells, underground caves, abandoned mines, developed salt wells or mines, aquifer caves, ground gas storage devices and underwater gas storage containers;
the hydraulic power generation system comprises a prime motor and a power generation set thereof, wherein the prime motor is not limited to a water turbine, an industrial turbine or a hydraulic turbine, converts energy in liquid into mechanical energy and has a low specific speed of 100-200 m-kW and an ultra-low specific speed of 10-100 m-kW;
the control system comprises the prime mover, a speed regulating system of the generator, an excitation system, a monitoring system, a protection system, an air pressure control system and the like; the air pressure control system has the function of realizing air pressure regulation and control by controlling the opening and closing of the valve;
the channel switching system comprises a valve and a pipeline in the system;
each group of high-pressure gas subsystem comprises an air compression device and a high-pressure gas storage container which are sequentially and correspondingly connected, the inlet of the air compression device is communicated with external normal-pressure air, the outlet of the high-pressure gas storage container is communicated with the air inlet of the corresponding gas-liquid mixing subsystem, the liquid outlet of the A-side gas-liquid mixing subsystem is connected with the liquid inlet of the B-side gas-liquid mixing subsystem through the hydraulic power generation system, the liquid outlet of the B-side gas-liquid mixing subsystem is connected with the liquid inlet of the A-side gas-liquid mixing subsystem, and the on-off of all the components is controlled through a.
For convenience of illustration, in all the embodiments listed in the present invention, the high-pressure gas system includes 2 groups of parallel high-pressure gas subsystems on the a side and 2 groups of parallel high-pressure gas subsystems on the B side, the prime mover is a hydraulic turbine, and the liquid in the gas-liquid mixing container uses water as a working medium.
In one embodiment, as shown in fig. 2, the a-side gas-liquid mixing subsystem includes a first a-side gas-water mixing container 1, and the B-side gas-liquid mixing subsystem includes a first B-side gas-water mixing container 2; the outlet of the A-side high-pressure gas storage container is respectively connected with one end of a first gas valve 13 and one end of a second gas valve 14, the other ends of the first gas valve 13 and the second gas valve 14 are connected with one end of a A-side high-pressure gas main valve 15, the outlet of the B-side high-pressure gas storage container is respectively connected with one end of a third gas valve 23 and one end of a fourth gas valve 24, the other ends of the third gas valve 23 and the fourth gas valve 24 are connected with one end of a B-side high-pressure gas main valve 25, and the other ends of the A-side high-pressure gas main valve 15 and the B-side high; the water outlet of the first A-side gas-water mixing container 1 is connected with the water inlet of the first B-side gas-water mixing container 2 through a first water valve 31, a hydraulic turbine 3 and a second water valve 32, and the water outlet of the first B-side gas-water mixing container 2 is connected with the water inlet of the first A-side gas-water mixing container 1 through a third water valve 33; the air outlets of the first air-water mixing container 1 on the A side and the first air-water mixing container 2 on the B side are respectively connected with one ends of a first exhaust valve 71 and a second exhaust valve 72, and the other ends of the first exhaust valve 71 and the second exhaust valve 72 are communicated with the outside air.
When the energy storage state is running, the air valve I13 is closed, normal pressure air is compressed by the air compressor I11 on the side A and then stored in the high pressure air storage tank I12 on the side A, and the process is repeated by the high pressure air subsystem on the side A; the air valve III 23 is closed, normal pressure air is compressed by the air compressor I21 at the B side and then is stored in the high-pressure air storage tank I22 at the B side, and the rest is done for the high-pressure air subsystem at the B side;
when the power generation state is in operation, when water exists in the first A-side gas-water mixing container 1, the first water valve 31 and the second water valve 32 are opened, the third water valve 33 is closed, the first A-side gas-water mixing container 1 contains high-pressure gas, and the pressure or the pressure difference between the first A-side gas-water mixing container 1 and the first B-side gas-water mixing container 2 is adjusted through the second exhaust valve 72, so that high-pressure liquid flows through the hydraulic turbine 3 to the first B-side gas-water mixing container 2, a generator set corresponding to the hydraulic turbine 3 is driven to generate power, and unidirectional power generation is realized;
at the moment, all water in the first A-side gas-water mixing container 1 enters the first B-side gas-water mixing container 2, at least one gas valve of the B-side high-pressure gas subsystem is opened, the main B-side high-pressure gas valve 25 is opened, the main A-side high-pressure gas valve 15 is closed, the first water valve 31 and the second water valve 32 are closed, the third water valve 33 is opened, high-pressure gas is released into the first B-side gas-water mixing container 2 from the high-pressure B-side gas-water storage container, the gas pressure of the first B-side gas-water mixing container 2 is higher than that of the first A-side gas-water mixing container 1, the pressure difference between the first A-side gas-water mixing container 1 and the first B-side gas-water mixing container 2 is adjusted through the second exhaust valve 71, high-pressure liquid flows back into the first A-side gas-water mixing container 2 from the first B-side gas-water mixing.
In the second embodiment, as shown in fig. 3, the a-side gas-liquid mixing subsystem includes a first a-side gas-water mixing container 1, the B-side gas-liquid mixing subsystem includes a first B-side gas-water mixing container 2 and a second B-side low-pressure gas-water mixing container 6, and the terrain of the first B-side low-pressure gas-water mixing container 6 is higher than that of the first B-side gas-water mixing container 2; the connection mode of the high-pressure gas system, the high-pressure gas system and the gas-liquid mixing system is the same as that of the first embodiment, the water outlet of the first A-side gas-water mixing container 1 is connected with the water inlet of the second B-side low-pressure gas-water mixing container 6 through a first water valve 31, a hydraulic turbine 3 and a second water valve 32, the second B-side low-pressure gas-water mixing container 6 is connected with the first B-side gas-water mixing container 2 through a second valve 62, and the water outlet of the first B-side gas-water mixing container 2 is connected with the water inlet of the first A-side gas-water.
When the energy storage state is operated, the operation is the same as that of the first embodiment;
when the power generation state is in operation, when water exists in the first air-water mixing container 1 on the A side, the first water valve 31 and the second water valve 32 are opened, the third water valve 33 is closed, high-pressure gas is contained in the first air-water mixing container 1 on the A side, and high-pressure liquid flow flows into the low-pressure air-water mixing container 6 on the B side through the hydraulic turbine 3 to drive a generator set corresponding to the hydraulic turbine 3 to generate power, so that unidirectional power generation is realized; the second valve 62 is opened in the power generation state or after the power generation state is finished, and water in the B-side low-pressure gas-water mixing container 6 flows into the B-side gas-water mixing container 2 due to the difference of topography;
at this time, all the water in the first air-water mixing container 1 on the side a enters the first air-water mixing container 2 on the side B, the second valve 62 is closed, and like the embodiment, the high-pressure air of the high-pressure air subsystem on the side B enables the high-pressure liquid flow to flow back from the first air-water mixing container 2 on the side B to the first air-water mixing container 1 on the side a through the third water valve 33, so that water circulation is realized for power generation.
In the third embodiment, as shown in fig. 4, the a-side gas-liquid mixing subsystem includes a first a-side gas-water mixing container 1 and a second a-side gas-water mixing container 10, and the B-side gas-liquid mixing subsystem includes a first B-side gas-water mixing container 2 and a second B-side gas-water mixing container 20; the connection mode of the high-pressure gas system, the high-pressure gas system and the gas-liquid mixing system is the same as that of the first embodiment, the water outlet of the first A-side gas-water mixing container 1 is connected with the water inlet of the second B-side gas-water mixing container 20 through a first water valve 31, a hydraulic turbine 3 and a second water valve 32, the second B-side gas-water mixing container 20 is connected with the first B-side gas-water mixing container 2 through a second valve 62, the water outlet of the first B-side gas-water mixing container 2 is connected with the water inlet of the second A-side gas-water mixing container 10 through a third water valve 33, the second A-side gas-water mixing container 10 is connected with the first A-side gas-water mixing container 1 through a first valve 51, the air outlets of the first B-side air-water mixing container 2, the second A-side air-water mixing container 10 and the second B-side air-water mixing container 20 are respectively connected with one ends of a first exhaust valve 71, a second exhaust valve 72, a third exhaust valve 73 and a fourth exhaust valve 74, and the other ends of the exhaust valves are communicated with the outside air.
When the energy storage state is operated, the operation is the same as that of the first embodiment;
when one of the power generation states is operated, when water exists in the first A-side gas-water mixing container 1, similarly to the second embodiment, the high-pressure gas of the A-side high-pressure gas-water subsystem and the pressure difference between the first A-side gas-water mixing container 1 and the second B-side gas-water mixing container 20 are adjusted through the fourth exhaust valve 74, so that high-pressure liquid flows from the first A-side gas-water mixing container 1 to the second B-side gas-water mixing container 20 through the first water valve 31, the hydraulic turbine 3 and the second water valve 32, and a generator set corresponding to the hydraulic turbine 3 generates power to realize unidirectional power generation; the second valve 62 is opened in the power generation state or after the power generation state is finished, and the pressure difference between the second B-side gas-water mixing container 20 and the first B-side gas-water mixing container 2 is adjusted through the second exhaust valve 72, so that water in the second B-side gas-water mixing container 20 flows into the first B-side gas-water mixing container 2 due to the pressure difference;
at the moment, all water in the first A-side gas-water mixing container 1 enters the first B-side gas-water mixing container 2, the second valve 62 is closed, high-pressure gas of the B-side high-pressure gas subsystem is used, the pressure difference between the second A-side gas-water mixing container 10 and the first B-side gas-water mixing container 2 is adjusted through the third exhaust valve 73, high-pressure liquid flows from the first B-side gas-water mixing container 2 and flows back to the second A-side gas-water mixing container 10 through the third water valve 33, the first valve 51 is opened after the process is finished, the pressure difference between the second A-side gas-water mixing container 10 and the first A-side gas-water mixing container 1 is adjusted through the first exhaust valve 71, and the water in the second A-side gas-water mixing container 10 flows into the first A-side gas-water mixing container 1 due to the pressure difference, so that.
As can be seen from the first and third embodiments, the gas-liquid mixing vessels included in the a-side gas-liquid mixing subsystem and the B-side gas-liquid mixing subsystem are respectively connected to the exhaust valve, or as in the second embodiment, the topography of the low-pressure gas-liquid mixing vessel is higher than that of the first gas-liquid mixing vessel, but the same operation effect can be achieved by connecting the first gas-liquid mixing vessel to the exhaust valve.
In both embodiments one and three, the exhaust valve is controlled by a pneumatic control system, the pressure is adjusted or maintained, and the given curve of the pressure difference may be a constant value, a planned curve, the method is determined according to the functions, operation and dispatching modes of the generator set in the power grid, generally comprises an AB side gas-liquid mixing container differential pressure constant operation mode and an AB side gas-liquid mixing container differential pressure variable operation mode, the AB side gas-liquid mixing container pressure difference constant operation mode is divided into an A side gas-liquid mixing container pressure constant mode, a B side gas-liquid mixing container pressure constant mode, an AB side gas-liquid mixing container pressure uniform constant mode and an AB side gas-liquid mixing container pressure difference constant mode, and the AB side gas-liquid mixing container pressure difference operation mode is divided into an A side gas-liquid mixing container pressure variable mode, a B side gas-liquid mixing container pressure variable mode and an AB side gas-liquid mixing container pressure uniform variable mode.
In a word, in the power generation operation state, through pressure and pressure difference adjustment, high-pressure liquid flow in the gas-liquid mixing system on the side A flows through the hydraulic power generation system to the gas-liquid mixing system on the side B, and the hydraulic power generation system generates power; and the high-pressure liquid in the gas-liquid mixing system at the side B flows back to the gas-liquid mixing system at the side A, so that liquid circulation is realized.
In summary, the power generation system has the following advantages:
(1) according to the invention, renewable energy sources such as wind power/photovoltaic energy and the like can be converted into compressed air to be stored in a high-pressure gas system, and then the air energy can be converted into electric energy generated by a hydraulic power generation system, so that after the wind power/photovoltaic energy is converted in a series, adverse effects on voltage stability, transient stability and frequency stability of a grid system due to the characteristics of randomness, intermittence, anti-regulation, large output fluctuation and the like are avoided, and the wind power/photovoltaic energy conversion system has the advantages similar to those of a hydroelectric generating set, is beneficial to grid connection of the wind power/photovoltaic energy sources, is beneficial to improvement of the consumption proportion of the renewable energy sources, and relieves the phenomena of;
(2) the invention pushes the liquid in the gas-liquid mixing container to generate electricity by releasing the compressed air, and compared with the conventional pumped storage power plant, the invention does not depend on the terrain drop, so that the power generation system can be realized in different terrains such as rivers, lakes, oceans, mountainous regions, inland, islands and the like;
(3) according to the invention, liquid flowing into the B side gas-liquid mixing subsystem after hydraulic power generation can return to the A side gas-liquid mixing subsystem in a high-pressure air, high-pressure pump and gravity flow mode, so that liquid flow circulation is realized, and resources are saved;
(4) according to the invention, only one side of the two sides AB is required to be convenient for taking liquid into the gas-liquid mixing container, only the gas-liquid mixing container on one side is required to contain liquid, so that the requirements of the gas-liquid mixing container and the liquid source position are reduced, and the power generation system is easier to realize;
(5) compared with compressed air energy storage power generation, the invention can determine the required limited air storage container volume according to the unit capacity without depending on a large-capacity cave;
(6) the invention can store redundant electric energy or renewable resources, save resources, reduce the consumption of fossil energy, lighten the pressure on the ecological environment and realize sustainable development;
(7) the gas-liquid mixing container has diversified realization modes, can use any medium as liquid, and has wide application range and strong practicability.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above examples are only intended to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, but not to limit it; although the embodiments of the present invention have been described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, those skilled in the art may make various modifications and variations without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention, and such modifications and variations fall within the scope defined by the appended claims.
Claims (10)
1. A power generation system is characterized by comprising a high-pressure gas system, a channel switching system, a gas-liquid mixing system, a hydraulic power generation system and a control system, wherein the high-pressure gas system, the gas-liquid mixing system and the hydraulic power generation system are connected through the channel switching system and are controlled by the control system;
the high-pressure gas system comprises N1Group parallel A side high pressure gas subsystem and N2Group-parallel B-side high-pressure gas subsystems, N1≥1，N2≥1；
The gas-liquid mixing system comprises an A side gas-liquid mixing subsystem and a B side gas-liquid mixing subsystem;
the hydraulic power generation system comprises a prime motor and a power generator set thereof;
the control system comprises the prime mover, a speed regulating system of the generator set, an excitation system, a monitoring system, a protection system and an air pressure control system;
the channel switching system comprises a valve and a pipeline in the system;
each group of high-pressure gas subsystem comprises an air compression device and a high-pressure gas storage container which are sequentially and correspondingly connected, the inlet of the air compression device is communicated with external normal-pressure air, the outlet of the high-pressure gas storage container is communicated with the air inlet of the corresponding gas-liquid mixing subsystem, the liquid outlet of the A-side gas-liquid mixing subsystem is connected with the liquid inlet of the B-side gas-liquid mixing subsystem through the hydraulic power generation system, the liquid outlet of the B-side gas-liquid mixing subsystem is connected with the liquid inlet of the A-side gas-liquid mixing subsystem, and the on-off of all the components is controlled through a.
2. The power generation system of claim 1, wherein the power generation system has an energy storage state and a power generation state, and the energy storage state is realized by the high-pressure gas system, the channel switching system and the control system; the power generation state is realized by a high-pressure gas system, a gas-liquid mixing system, a hydraulic power generation system, a channel switching system and a control system together, and the hydraulic power generation system generates power hydraulically.
3. The power generation system of claim 1, wherein the a-side gas-liquid mixing subsystem comprises M1A gas-liquid mixing container at the A side, and a gas-liquid mixing subsystem at the B side comprising M2A gas-liquid mixing container at side B, M1≥1，M2The gas-liquid mixing container is characterized in that the gas and the liquid coexist in proportion in the gas-liquid mixing container, the gas-liquid mixing container on the A side is sequentially connected through a valve, the gas-liquid mixing container on the B side is sequentially connected through a valve, the gas-liquid mixing container connected with the high-pressure gas system at one end is the gas-liquid mixing container where the liquid outlet of the gas-liquid mixing subsystem is located, and the gas-liquid mixing container on the other end is the gas-liquid mixing container where the liquid inlet of the gas-liquid mixing subsystem is located.
4. A power generation system according to claim 3, wherein the a-side gas-liquid mixing vessel and the B-side gas-liquid mixing vessel are connected to a vent valve.
5. The power generation system of claim 3, wherein the A-side gas-liquid mixing subsystem comprises a first A-side gas-liquid mixing container and a low-pressure A-side gas-liquid mixing container, the second B-side gas-liquid mixing subsystem comprises a first B-side gas-liquid mixing container and a low-pressure B-side gas-liquid mixing container, the topography of the low-pressure gas-liquid mixing container is higher than that of the corresponding first gas-liquid mixing container, or the first gas-liquid mixing containers are connected with exhaust valves, the first gas-liquid mixing container is connected with the high-pressure gas system, the liquid outlet of the first gas-liquid mixing container is the liquid outlet of the corresponding gas-liquid mixing subsystem, and the liquid inlet of the low-pressure gas-liquid mixing container is the liquid.
6. The power generation system of claim 1, wherein the pressure of the gas in the high pressure gas storage vessel is not less than 0.13 MPa.
7. An electrical power generation system according to claim 1, wherein the liquid is water, brine or a high density liquid.
8. The power generation system of claim 1, wherein the gas-liquid mixing vessel is embodied as an underground pit, underground cavern, abandoned mine, developed salt well or mine, aquifer cavern, surface gas storage device or underwater gas storage container.
9. An electric power generation system according to claim 1, wherein the prime mover of the hydraulic power generation system has a low specific speed of 100 m-kW to 200 m-kW and an ultra-low specific speed of 10 m-kW to 100 m-kW, and the prime mover is a hydraulic turbine, an industrial turbine or a hydraulic turbine.
10. A power generation system according to claim 1, wherein the power generation system can be implemented in different terrains of rivers, lakes, oceans, mountainous regions, inland regions, islands in the sea.
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