CN1184331C

CN1184331C - DNA-PCR biochip and miniature heat circulator using it

Info

Publication number: CN1184331C
Application number: CNB011036877A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 赵湛; 崔大付; 于中尧; 王利
Original assignee: Institute of Electronics of CAS
Current assignee: Institute of Electronics of CAS
Priority date: 2001-02-09
Filing date: 2001-02-09
Publication date: 2005-01-12
Anticipated expiration: 2021-02-09
Also published as: CN1368555A

Abstract

The present invention relates to a DNA-PCR biochip and a thermal circulator, which is mainly composed of two parts, wherein one part is a biochip which is formed by that a micro well type reaction chamber, an integrated platinum resistance heater and a temperature sensor which are fabricated by an MEMS technology on a silicon chip are integrated into a whole and are sealed and arranged on a PCB board, and the other part is a thermal circulator which is composed of a preceding stage signal processing circuit, a single chip computer, a display, etc. When a DNA amplification reaction is carried out, the biochip which is injected with a sample is inserted in the thermal circulator, and a PCR reaction can be started through procedure setting. The DNA-PCR biochip and the thermal circulator of the present invention provides a rapid, cheap and effective DNA amplification method.

Description

DNA-PCR biochip and use the miniature thermo cycler of this chip

Technical field

The invention belongs to the DNA-PCR biochip that carries out dna molecular amplification and the miniature thermal cycling instrument of control chip.

Background technology

PCR (polymerase chain reaction) technology is another milestone on the molecular biology development history, and it makes dna molecular to amplify amplification outside organism, has realized automatization, and is quick, sensitive.Once appearance, in the short several years, just be widely used in comprising microbiology in the research of life science, genetics, oncology, many fields such as archeology and medical jurisprudence.Very big pushing effect has been played in development to modern molecular biology techniques such as gene clone, DNA serial analysises.Traditional PCR thermal cycling instrument DNA sample product reactor volume is bigger, generally more than 50 microlitres, needed sample size is bigger, the enzyme reagent of simultaneously required costliness is more, because the volume of reactor is big, corresponding thermal capacity is big, and the time of heating and reduction temperature is just long, so working efficiency is lower.Particularly easily cause pollution, be badly in need of improving.MEMS (microelectromechanical systems) is a new developing technology closely during the last ten years, and it is meant can be with the MEMS (micro electro mechanical system) that integrates parts such as microactrator, micro sensor, unicircuit of technique for manufacturing batch manufacturings such as microelectronics micromechanics.Be characterized in that volume is little, stable performance can be produced in batches, thereby cost is low, and consistency of performance is good.The microminiaturization of instrument is to have one of example of development prospect most in the MEMS technology application, the laboratory on the promptly so-called chip.

Summary of the invention

The objective of the invention is to overcome the deficiency of conventional art, utilize MEMS fabrication techniques DNA-PCR biochip, utilize advanced microcontroller to design miniature thermo cycler, accomplish to improve greatly the efficient of DNA cloning, realize quick, cheap detection.Chip can disposablely use simultaneously, avoids the pollution of dna molecular.

According to an aspect of of the present present invention, a kind of DNA-PCR biochip, on silicon chip, etch a microcavity 1 as reactor, relative both sides in the chamber are etched with sample introduction circulation groove 2, are glass cover-plate 3 above the silicon chip, and two sample holes 4 are arranged on the cover plate, two sample introduction circulation grooves 2 on the corresponding silicon chip of its position difference, being silicon nitride film 5 below the silicon chip, also is the end of microcavity 1, is that platinum film adds heater 6 and temperature sensor 7 below the silicon nitride film 5.

According to another aspect of the present invention, a kind of miniature thermo cycler that uses DNA-PCR biochip as claimed in claim 1, comprise data storage circuitry 22, clock circuit 23, reference power circuit 24 and micro-chip, transmitter preamplifying circuit 14 and temperature calibration circuit 19, each circuit part also links to each other with feed circuit 25, platinum temperature sensor preamplifying circuit 14 becomes voltage to temperature, connect micro-chip 16 through A/D conversion 15, by time variable control micro-chip 16 control width modulation (PWM) circuit 17, connection adds heater power circuit 18 and to adding heater 6 making alives the DNA-PCR biochip is risen, the control of cooling degree, miniature thermo cycler also has temperature calibration circuit 19, digital indicator 20, button 21 connects micro-chip 16.

When the present invention carries out the amplified reaction of DNA, the biochip that injects sample is inserted thermo cycler, can begin the PCR reaction by program setting.DNA-PCR biochip and thermo cycler provide a kind of quick, cheap, effective DNA cloning means.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is chip structure figure of the present invention.Among the figure: the 1-reaction chamber, 2-sample introduction groove, the 3-glass cover-plate, the 4-sample holes, the 5-silicon nitride film, 6-adds heater, the 7-temperature sensor.

Fig. 2 is a DNA-PCR biochip structure iron of the present invention.Among the figure: 8-chip, 9-PCB, 10-metal pad.

Fig. 3 is the structure iron that DNA-PCR biochip of the present invention is connected with miniature thermo cycler.

Among the figure: 11-guide rail, 12-biochip, 13-spring piece.

Fig. 4 is that miniature thermo cycler is implemented the line principle skeleton diagram.

Embodiment

Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing specific embodiments of the present invention is described.To shown in Figure 3, DNA-PCR biochip of the present invention and miniature thermo cycler divide two portions: chip and instrument as Fig. 1.Chip is to adopt MEMS fabrication techniques microcavity on the silicon chip of twin polishing, the reaction chamber that to make an area as an example be 4mm * 2mm, about 2 microlitres of volume; The direction on long limit, edge is on center line, and the both sides of reaction chamber are etched with the sample introduction groove of wide 0.5mm * dark 0.2mm * long 1mm; Entire chip is of a size of 8mm * 4mm.Top bonding has glass cover-plate, two sample introduction grooves sample holes that to have two diameters be 0.5mm on the corresponding silicon chip on the cover plate.Be that thickness is 2 microns silicon nitride film below the silicon chip, constituted the end of reaction chamber.Silicon nitride film following for the platinum of sputter adds heater and temperature sensor and golden press welding block, temperature sensor and the resistance that adds heater are approximately 100 Ω in freezing point (0 ℃).

Miniature thermo cycler microcontroller of the present invention adopts the PIC16C73 micro-chip of reduce power consumption, and it has comprised A/D change-over circuit, pwm circuit; Peripheral circuit has 2 * 16 character mode lcd indicating meters, X25043 data-carrier store, DS1302 clock generator, linear amplifier, photoelectric isolating circuit etc.Schematic block circuit diagram as shown in Figure 4.

Tester of the present invention has following characteristics:

1, has microlitre or receive the reaction chamber that rises magnitude at the DNA-PCR of silicon chip or making on glass biochip, simultaneously integrated add heater and temperature sensor, constituted a more complete function integrated chip; Sample required when carrying out the DNA-PCR reaction is few, and all ingredients such as the enzyme of consumption are few, and speed of response is fast, saves time.Biochip can disposablely use, and avoids polluting.

2, the present invention is a kind of quick, succinct DNA-PCR reactor, and chip adopts the MEMS technology to produce in batches.

3, control measurement circuit of the present invention is simple, controls sequencing, the intellectuality that has realized the PCR reaction process by singlechip microcontroller, as long as opening power just can be tested; Whole instrument cost is very low, and volume is less, also is a kind of portable instrument.

Claims

1, a kind of DNA-PCR biochip, it is characterized in that: on silicon chip, etch a microcavity (1) as reactor, be etched with sample introduction circulation groove (2) on the relative both sides in chamber, above the silicon chip glass cover-plate (3), two sample holes (4) are arranged on the cover plate, and its position is two the sample introduction circulation grooves (2) on the corresponding silicon chip respectively, are silicon nitride film (5) below the silicon chip, also being the end of microcavity (1), is that platinum film adds heater (6) and temperature sensor (7) below the silicon nitride film (5).

2,, it is characterized in that described reactor is square, rectangle or circle by the described chip of claim 1.

3, a kind of miniature thermo cycler that uses DNA-PCR biochip as claimed in claim 1, comprise data storage circuitry (22), clock circuit (23), reference power circuit (24) and micro-chip, transmitter preamplifying circuit (14) and temperature calibration circuit (19), each circuit part also links to each other with feed circuit (25), it is characterized in that platinum temperature sensor preamplifying circuit (14) becomes voltage to temperature, connect micro-chip (16) through A/D conversion (15), by time variable control micro-chip (16) control width modulation (PWM) circuit (17), connection adds heater power circuit (18) and to adding heater (6) making alive the DNA-PCR biochip is risen, the control of cooling degree, miniature thermo cycler also has temperature calibration circuit (19), digital indicator (20), button (21) connects micro-chip (16).

4, by the described miniature thermo cycler of claim 3, it is characterized in that described biochip is included in etches a microcavity (1) as reactor on the silicon chip, be etched with sample introduction circulation groove (2) on the relative both sides in chamber, above the silicon chip glass cover-plate (3), two sample holes (4) are arranged on the cover plate, two sample introduction circulation grooves (2) on the corresponding silicon chip of its position difference, below the silicon chip silicon nitride film (5), also being the end of microcavity (1), is that platinum film adds heater (6) and temperature sensor (7) below the silicon nitride film (5).

5,, it is characterized in that described reactor is square, rectangle or circle by the described miniature thermo cycler of claim 4.

6, by the described miniature thermo cycler of claim 4, it is characterized in that also comprising the DNA-PCR biochip structure of encapsulation: silicon (8) embeds in the middle of the printed circuit board (PCB) (9); Metal lead wire pad (10) is arranged on the pcb board, be used for silicon (8) add heater (6) and temperature sensor (7) is electrically connected, be used for temperature sensing circuit simultaneously and add being electrically connected of heater power circuit.

7, by the described miniature thermo cycler of claim 6, it is characterized in that also comprising: design has two guide rails (11) on pcb board, can insert DNA-PCR biochip (12), four spring pieces (13) are arranged on the pcb board, assurance and DNA-PCR biochip electrically contact.