CN1183970C - Intrinsically bactericideal absorbent dressing and method of fabrication - Google Patents

Abstract

A superabsorbent polymer dressing having antimicrobial properties for use in fabricating wound dressings, sanitary napkins, tampons and the like, includes a synthetic polymer matrix fabricated to have an enhanced surface area. Antimicrobial compounds are coupled to the surface of the polymer matrix by non-siloxane bonds.

Description

Absorbent dressing and manufacture method with inherent bactericidal property

FIELD OF THE INVENTION

The present invention relates to a kind of absorbent dressing, antibacterial high-absorbable synthetic polymer dressing attached thereto is especially arranged.

The background of invention

In the absorbefacient dressing of diaper that is used for wound, urinary incontinence and menopad, the breeding of antibacterial can cause the problem of serious medical complication and society.For example, the diaper or the antibacterial on the menopad that are grown in urinary incontinence can produce intensive, niff usually, and this is unacceptable socially, and can make people change their life style.Traditional absorption pad that is used for urinary incontinence and menstruation energy that originally do not have microbe killing properties.Therefore, the only way of avoiding antibacterial to grow on absorbent dressing is often to change them, even if also do not reach the absorbtivity of pad.In art of wound dressings, the infection of infection of the antibacterial of acute wounds and chronic skin wound is the main clinical problem, can cause very high sickness rate, in severe case, very high mortality rate is arranged.Traditionally, the dressing of wound is designed to absorb wound liquid, thereby a moistening environment that helps wound healing is provided, yet moistening like this environment is that antibacterial grows to have created in dressing and contains abundant nutrition autoeciously.The antibacterial that is grown in the dressing can be infiltrated wound, increases the danger of wound infection, and perhaps contratoxin is made a response, and can produce intensive malodorous abnormal smells from the patient.

In order to be devoted to address these problems, before binding up a wound with dressing, antibiotic or disinfectant usually are applied on the wound partly.In addition, topical agent directly is applied in the surface of dressing sometimes, in order to control malodorous abnormal smells from the patient, has some known dressing to remove to absorb the molecule that produces foul odour in conjunction with carbon powder.For some application, do not wish the topical application of antibacterial.For example, the antibacterial that is used for wound dressing partly has the tendency that infilters processed wound.And many antimicrobial medicines as iodine tincture, are cytotoxinic, if multiple application or will postpone the healing of wound under high concentration.

U.S. Patent No. 3,045,322 disclose the compositions of the polymer composition of the superabsorbent that a kind of monolayer (or near monolayer) that contains the silane antimicrobial is connected with the polymer of the mode of covalent bond and alkalescence.This compositions can be thin slice, band, powder, thread, fiber or film like, and can be applied in the substrate with the form of coating.Foregoing compositions comparatively speaking is difficult for entering wound with traditional topical therapeutic system.In this regard, disclosed compositions is a kind of improvement to traditional topical therapeutic system.Yet silane contains siloxane bond, and it may be decomposed by the soda acid that infects or bacterial growth produced.Next, these reactions may weaken or destroy the silane antimicrobial and below polymer between bonding.As a result, antimicrobial may infiltrate wound and postpone the healing of wound.

The compositions that needs a kind of improved antimicrobial dressing, the antimicrobial that this compositions contains touch infect or can be during soda acid that bacterial reproduction produced securely attached to superabsorbent dressing on.Except the probability of the disengaging that reduces antimicrobial, also wish to provide the surface area that strengthens dressing structure in order to increase the antimicrobial effectiveness.

The general introduction of invention

The purpose of this invention is to provide the superabsorbent dressing that a kind of surface area that contains increase has intrinsic bactericidal property.

Another object of the present invention provides a kind of dressing with superabsorbent of inherent bactericidal property, and it contains a kind of improved germ-resistant syndeton, and it has can resist the Degradation that produces as the soda acid that is produced during the growth of microorganism owing to contact.

The purpose of these and other can realize by the compositions with inherent bactericidal polymer of the present invention.In a most preferred embodiment, compositions contains a polymer matrix that is connected to four ammonium groups on its surface by non-siloxane bonds.For example, the synthetic polymer by the electrospun fibers shape forms the fiber of wearing and tearing or the surface area that silk increases polymer matrix.In addition, the selection of the temperature by control solvent and polymer solution, polymer solution can be produced a coarse fiber surface by wet or dry-spinning silk.Make the long-pending increase of additional surfaces by the surface that four ammonium pendent group strands is connected to polymer matrix.Connection can be by finishing such as the known technology of grafting and selection absorption.

In another embodiment of the present invention, in the substituting of complex ion, nonionic sterilization molecule is connected to the surface of polymer matrix.Complex ion is easy to be neutralized when running into the ion of opposite charges.For example, positively charged four ammonium groups can be appeared at the electronegative chloride ion neutralization in the physiological fluid.Since such neutralization be enough to bactericidal property with dressing be reduced to one acceptable below horizontal, non-ionic surface group can preferentially be selected.

The detailed description of most preferred embodiment

Produce a kind of compositions of new antibacterial polymer, it has the surface area of increase, and the biofluid that comprises urine, blood and wound is had the superabsorbent ability.

In a most preferred embodiment of the present invention, compositions comprises a polymer matrix that contains four ammonium compoundss that are connected the polymer matrix surface.Polymer matrix is made up of many hydrophilic fibers of making in any suitable mode or silk.For example, can make fiber or the silk that is fit to from the fibrous synthetic polymer of spin solvent by wet or dry-spinning.The polymer that obtains like this has the ability of superabsorbent.Generally speaking, every gram polymer polymer of absorbing about 30-40 gram water is considered to super absorbent.The example of the superabsorbent polymer of Zhi Zuoing comprises polyacrylic acid, poly(ethylene oxide) and polyvinyl alcohol by this way.For example, well-known method with acetone solvent spinning poly oxirane.

What be significant is that the polymer matrix of manufacturing has the surface area of increase.Increase the polymer matrix surface area and improved the absorbent properties of biofluid, and increased bonded effective site with antimicrobial four ammonium compoundss.The antimicrobial site the quantity and the corresponding increase of density strengthened the usefulness that compositions is killed as antibacterial and virus organism.

For the personnel that are familiar with the polymer science field, finishing the surface area modification has various methods.Preferably, finish the surface area reinforcement by revising spinning or casting method.For example, electrostatic spinning is a modified spining technology, when it causes fiber attrition when spinning head comes out.In addition, by the control type of solvent and the temperature of polymer solution, polymer solution can be by wet or dry-spinning silk to produce the surface of coarse fiber.This technology is well-known, and has been used in the manufacturing of the nonuniform film that coarse hole is arranged that for example is used for dialysis.The size in coarse hole mainly is by sedimentary speed controlling, and sedimentary speed is to be subjected to the interactional parameter of solvent, controls such as temperature.

Be connected to the outer surface of each polymer fiber by the chain with the antimicrobial group, the surface area of polymer composition has further been increased.Preferably, the strand of four ammonium pendent group is made into the end that has at least to be fit to be connected to fiber surface.For example, connect to realize the surface by surface free radical being established as from the initiation site that produces peroxide (ozone or microwave).In addition, with a surface combination that can make the expansible monomer of substrate polymer realize interpenetrative network system.The benefit that is combined with further enhancing composition function of connected antimicrobial chain.Especially, connected antimicrobial chain extension enters in the specific biological solution and is connected with the organism of deleterious antibacterial with virus.Compare than the known dressing chemical compound that the monolayer (or near monolayer) of compound is directly connected to fiber surface with sterilization, thereby its function of chain structure of the present invention as if the arm stretched from the fiber surface phase epitaxy more effectively are connected to the antimicrobial site on the deleterious organism.Preferably, by antimicrobial chain is directly grafted to stromal surface or by the copolymer selective absorption to stromal surface to finish connection.

Crosslinking technology is well-known in this field, for example, Yahaioui (Master's thesis, the University of Florida, 1986) four ammonium compoundss that remove the polyethylene surface of a modification of glycerol polymerization with monomer Trimethylamine ethyl methacrylate (trimethylammonium ethylmethacrylate) have been introduced.Yahaioui has introduced a kind of crosslinking technology, and in this technology, plasma discharge is used to create and can excites the polymeric free radical of suitable monomers.Can also adopt the optionally absorption of suitable block copolymer.

Compare with the known compositions that is connected silane group obtained antimicrobial structure by covalent bond to alkaline polymer surface, present invention includes a kind of chemical constitution, it based on the monomeric polymerization that comprises all carbon-to-carbons, carbon-oxygen and carbon-nitrogen major key (for example, surface grafting), such as dialkyl (dialkly), hexadiene (diallyl), four ammonium compoundss.Therefore, compositions of the present invention has produced the structure that is not easy to the acid-base reaction that produced with bacterial growth.As previously mentioned, such reaction can be decomposed the bonding between substrate and antimicrobial group.Be applied in compositions under the situation in the dressing of wound, such decomposition can cause antimicrobial to break away from and enter the wound from polymer matrix.In some cases, this can produce the bad influence that postpones wound healing.

In another embodiment of the present invention, the antibiotic group of anion is fixed to the surface of superabsorbent dressing to improve the antibacterial efficacy of dressing.For example, the bonded positive charge of four ammonium groups can be appeared at the anion neutralization of the chloride ion in the physiological fluid that resembles urine and blood plasma.In application, because neutral degree will largely reduce the effectiveness of antimicrobial, the anionic surface group can be replaced by four ammonium groups.The example that can be used to produce the chemical compound of the anionic surface group that is fixed comprises trinitrotoluene-100 (Triton-100), tween-20 (Tween-20) and deoxycholic acid (deoxycholate).For example, trinitrotoluene-100 contains an oh group freely, and it can be become a good leaving group by derivation; as tosyl or chloride; and then and the polymer reaction of alkali treatment,, produced the surperficial non-ionic surfactant that is fixed as methylcellulose.

Dimethyl diallyl ammonium chloride is an example that can be used for a proper monomer of the present invention.This monomer is often referred to DMDAC or DADMAC, is used in the manufacturing of commercial flocculating polymer.Trialkyl (neighbour-styrene) the ammonium chloride (trialkyl (p-vinylbenzyl) ammonium chloride) or the derivant of neighbour-trialkylamine ethyl styrene monomer (p-trialkylaminoethyl styrene) also are suitable for.Such example is trimethyl (neighbour-styrene) ammonium chloride.This monomeric methyl group can be given the performance that hope obtains by the replacement of other alkyl group.In addition, can adopt methacrylate (methacrylate-based) monomer of alkalization.Yet under the bronsted lowry acids and bases bronsted lowry condition, their can be to suffer the unstability of hydrolysis to the similar mode of the alkalization silane treatment of known technology.Therefore, the methacrylate of alkalization is not preferred.

Although most preferred embodiment of the present invention is illustrated and describes, apparent, the present invention is not limited like this.Under the situation that does not break away from the spirit and scope of the present invention described in the claim, a large amount of modifications, variation, change, replacement and equal substituting for the people who is familiar with this field are possible.

Claims (10)

1. dressing that is used for organism-absorbing liquid comprises: have the superpower adsorpting polymerization parent that increases surface area; Wherein the method that connects by polymer chain has increased described surface area, and this polymer chain length is enough to extend the following parent surface area that this polymer connects; And by acid or the stable non-siloxane bonds of alkali are connected to a large amount of antimicrobial chemical compounds on the described polymer matrix.

2. according to the dressing described in the claim 1, wherein said a large amount of antimicrobial chemical compound comprises the quartemary ammonium chemical compound.

3. according to the dressing described in the claim 1, wherein said antimicrobial chemical compound comprises that end is connected to the chain structure of described polymer matrix.

4. according to the dressing described in the claim 1, wherein said a large amount of antimicrobial chemical compound is a non-ionic compound.

5. according to the dressing described in the claim 1, wherein said dressing comprises sanitary belt.

6. according to the dressing described in the claim 1, wherein said dressing comprises tampon.

7. according to the dressing described in the claim 1, wherein said dressing comprises binder.

8. according to the described dressing of the arbitrary claim of claim 1 to 7, wherein said non-siloxane bonds is carbon carbon or carbon oxygen covalent bond.

9. a manufacturing has the method for inherent antimicrobial absorbent dressing, comprises the steps:

(1) forms synthetic polymer matrix with the superabsorbent that increases surface area; Wherein the method that connects by polymer chain has increased described surface area, and this polymer chain length is enough to extend the following parent surface area that this polymer connects;

(2) on the surface area with the increase of a large amount of antimicrobial chemical compounds by acid or the stable non-siloxane bonds of alkali being connected to described polymer matrix.

10. dressing according to claim 9, wherein said non-siloxane bonds are carbon carbon or carbon oxygen covalent bond.