CN118315788A - Terahertz orthogonal mode coupler - Google Patents
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Abstract
The application discloses a terahertz orthogonal mode coupler, which comprises a double-ridge waveguide junction and a power synthesizer which are connected with each other; the double-ridge waveguide junction comprises a common input square waveguide, a ridge waveguide ladder array, a transition waveguide, a central waveguide, a first branch waveguide and a second branch waveguide; the common input square waveguide is connected with one end of the ridge waveguide ladder array, one end of the first branch waveguide and one end of the second branch waveguide, and the other end of the first branch waveguide and the other end of the second branch waveguide form a first preset angle; the height and width of the central waveguide are smaller than the height and width of the output port of the turning waveguide. In the application, the first branch waveguide and the second branch waveguide are made to form a first preset angle, so that the width sensitivity of the ridge waveguide step can be reduced, the width of the ridge waveguide can be widened, and the processing difficulty of the terahertz orthogonal mode coupler can be reduced. In addition, the working bandwidth of the terahertz orthogonal mode coupler can be widened, and ultra-wideband performance is realized.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the technical field of orthomode couplers, in particular to a terahertz orthomode coupler.
Background
The orthogonal mode coupler is one of core devices of the polarization multiplexing communication system, and can improve the transmission capacity and the spectrum utilization rate of the communication system. In the polarization multiplexing communication system, the orthogonal mode coupler is directly connected with the antenna and is used as a key component of a feed source of the dual-polarized antenna, so that electromagnetic wave signals with different polarization modes at a common port can be synthesized and separated. As a front-end device of a communication system, in-band insertion loss of a quadrature mode coupler affects the link budget and receiver sensitivity of the system, and mutual interference between signals of two different polarization modes reduces the stability of the communication system. While ensuring the indexes such as insertion loss, isolation and the like of the orthogonal mode coupler, the bandwidth of the orthogonal mode coupler needs to be improved so as to be suitable for different application scenes. The terahertz frequency band orthogonal mode coupler is of a waveguide structure, and symmetrical structures such as a cross revolving door structure, a double-ridge structure and the like are often adopted, so that the propagation of a higher order mode is restrained, and the broadband performance can be realized.
After the frequency is increased, the device size is reduced, so that the processing precision requirement is high, the processing difficulty is high, and the existing terahertz orthogonal mode coupler often does not have the performance of covering the full frequency band. Therefore, under the condition of ensuring return loss and insertion loss, the realization of ultra-wideband performance is the research focus direction of the terahertz orthogonal mode coupler at present.
Disclosure of Invention
The application aims to provide a terahertz orthogonal mode coupler, which solves the technical problem that the existing terahertz frequency band orthogonal mode coupler in the prior art is difficult to realize ultra-wideband performance. The preferred technical solutions of the technical solutions provided by the present application can produce a plurality of technical effects described below.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the present application provides the following technical solutions:
The terahertz orthogonal mode coupler provided by the application comprises a double-ridge waveguide junction and a power synthesizer which are connected with each other; the double-ridge waveguide junction comprises a common input square waveguide, a ridge waveguide ladder array, a transition waveguide, a central waveguide, a first branch waveguide and a second branch waveguide; the common input side waveguide is connected with one end of the ridge waveguide ladder array, one end of the first branch waveguide and one end of the second branch waveguide, the other end of the ridge waveguide ladder array is positioned between the other end of the first branch waveguide and the other end of the second branch waveguide, and the other end of the first branch waveguide and the other end of the second branch waveguide form a first preset angle; the ridge waveguide step array, the transition waveguide and the central waveguide are communicated; the terahertz orthogonal mode coupler further comprises a turning waveguide; the turning waveguide is connected with the central waveguide and is used for receiving and outputting signals of a vertical mode transmitted by the central waveguide; the height and width of the central waveguide are smaller than those of the output port of the turning waveguide, and the central waveguide is used for transmitting signals in a vertical mode; the power combiner is respectively connected with the first branch waveguide and the second branch waveguide, and is used for receiving the branch signals output by the first branch waveguide and the second branch waveguide, combining the branch signals to obtain signals of a horizontal mode and outputting the signals of the horizontal mode.
In some embodiments, the turning waveguide comprises a width-changing waveguide, a height-changing waveguide, a first turning waveguide step, a second turning waveguide step, and a first output waveguide connected in sequence, wherein a long side of the height-changing waveguide is perpendicular to a long side of the first turning waveguide step and parallel to a high side of the second turning waveguide step; the widths of the common input side waveguide, the width conversion waveguide, the height conversion waveguide, the first turning waveguide step, the second turning waveguide step and the first output waveguide are all equal.
In some embodiments, the height of the width-altering waveguide is the same as the height of the central waveguide, the height of the width-altering waveguide is 0.17 millimeters, the width of the width-altering waveguide is greater than the width of the central waveguide, the width of the width-altering waveguide is 1.092 millimeters, and the length of the width-altering waveguide is 0.12 millimeters; the width of the height conversion waveguide is 1.092 mm, the height of the height conversion waveguide is larger than that of the width conversion waveguide, the height of the height conversion waveguide is 0.26 mm, and the length of the height conversion waveguide is 0.33 mm; the height of the first turning waveguide step is 0.16 millimeter, the length of the first turning waveguide step is 0.24 millimeter, and the width of the first turning waveguide step is 1.092 millimeter; the height of the second turning waveguide ladder is 0.38 millimeter, the length of the second turning waveguide ladder is 0.23 millimeter, and the width of the second turning waveguide ladder is 1.092 millimeter; the narrow side of the first output waveguide is 0.546 mm, the wide side of the first output waveguide is 1.092 mm, and the length of the first output waveguide is 1.5 mm.
In some embodiments, the tip of the width-transforming waveguide is aligned with the tip of the height-transforming waveguide; the first turning waveguide step, the second turning waveguide step, and the first output waveguide are aligned toward respective end faces of the central waveguide, respectively.
In some embodiments, the power combiner includes a third branch waveguide, a fourth branch waveguide, a first combining waveguide, a second combining waveguide, a third combining waveguide, and a second output waveguide; the input end of the third branch waveguide is connected with the output end of the first branch waveguide, the input end of the fourth branch waveguide is connected with the output end of the second branch waveguide, and the input end of the third branch waveguide and the input end of the fourth branch waveguide form a second preset angle; the output end of the third branch waveguide and the output end of the fourth branch waveguide are connected with the input end of the first synthesis waveguide; the first composite waveguide, the second composite waveguide, the third composite waveguide and the second output waveguide are sequentially connected.
In some embodiments, the central axes of the first composite waveguide, the second composite waveguide, the third composite waveguide, and the second output waveguide overlap each other.
In some embodiments, the heights of the common input side waveguide, the first branch waveguide, the second branch waveguide, the third branch waveguide, the fourth branch waveguide, the first composite waveguide, the second composite waveguide, the third composite waveguide, and the second output waveguide are equal; the height of the third branch waveguide is 1.092 mm, the length of the third branch waveguide is 1.65 mm, and the width of the third branch waveguide is 0.48 mm; the fourth branch waveguide has the same size as the third branch waveguide; the height of the first composite waveguide is 1.092 mm, the length of the first composite waveguide is 0.19 mm, and the width of the first composite waveguide is 0.78 mm; the height of the second composite waveguide is 1.092 mm, the width of the second composite waveguide is smaller than the width of the first composite waveguide, the width of the second composite waveguide is 0.75 mm, and the length of the second composite waveguide is 0.23 mm; the height of the third composite waveguide is 1.092 mm, the width of the third composite waveguide is smaller than the width of the second composite waveguide, the width of the third composite waveguide is 0.61 mm, and the length of the third composite waveguide is 0.2 mm; the width of the second output waveguide is 0.546 mm, the height of the second output waveguide is 1.092 mm, and the length of the second output waveguide is 1 mm.
In some embodiments, the common input side waveguide has a width of 1.092 millimeters and a height of 1.092 millimeters; the narrow side of the transition waveguide is 0.38 mm, the wide side of the transition waveguide is 0.62 mm, the length of the transition waveguide is 0.1 mm, and the height of the transition waveguide is 0.42 mm; the height of the central waveguide is 0.17 millimeter, the width of the central waveguide is 0.86 millimeter, and the length of the central waveguide is 0.32 millimeter; the height of the first branch waveguide is 1.092 mm, the width of the first branch waveguide is 0.48 mm, and the length of the first branch waveguide is 1.45 mm; the second branch waveguide has the same size as the first branch waveguide.
In some embodiments, the width of the ridge waveguide step array is a graded transition and the height of the ridge waveguide step array is a stepped transition.
In some embodiments, the common input square waveguide includes a first polarization mode TE 10 mode and a second polarization mode TE 01 mode; the first polarization mode TE 10 mode and the second polarization mode TE 01 mode are separated based on the ridge waveguide step array, so that the first branch waveguide and the second branch waveguide output signals of horizontal modes with the same amplitude and the same direction.
By implementing one of the technical schemes, the application has the following advantages or beneficial effects: according to the application, the angle between the first branch waveguide and the second branch waveguide is changed by arranging the double-ridge waveguide junction, so that the other end of the first branch waveguide and the other end of the second branch waveguide form a first preset angle, the width sensitivity of a ridge waveguide step can be reduced, the width of the ridge waveguide can be widened, and the processing difficulty of the terahertz orthogonal mode coupler can be further reduced. Meanwhile, the height and the width of the central waveguide are smaller than those of the output port of the turning waveguide, so that a rectangular waveguide port with reduced width and reduced height is formed, the working bandwidth of the terahertz orthogonal mode coupler can be widened, and ultra-wideband performance is realized.
Drawings
For a clearer description of the technical solutions of embodiments of the present application, the drawings that are needed in the description of the embodiments will be briefly described below, it being obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present application, and that other drawings may be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art, in which:
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a turning waveguide in an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 3 is a top view of an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 4 is a bottom view of an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 5A is a graph showing the electric field intensity distribution of the vertical mode according to the embodiment of the present application;
Fig. 5B is a graph showing the electric field intensity distribution of the horizontal mode according to the embodiment of the present application.
FIG. 6A is a schematic diagram of simulation results of the S parameter S11 according to an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 6B is a schematic diagram of simulation results of S parameters S21 and S31 according to an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 6C is a schematic diagram of simulation results of S parameter S32 according to an embodiment of the present application.
In the figure: 1. a terahertz orthogonal mode coupler; 10. a double ridge waveguide junction; 20. a power combiner; 11. a common input square waveguide; 12. a ridge waveguide ladder array; 13. a transition waveguide; 14. a central waveguide; 15. a first branching waveguide; 16. a second branch waveguide; 30. turning the waveguide; 31. a width-shifting waveguide; 32. a height-shifting waveguide; 33. a first turn waveguide step; 34. a second turn waveguide step; 35. a first output waveguide; 21. a third branch waveguide; 22. a fourth branch waveguide; 23. a first composite waveguide; 24. a second composite waveguide; 25. a third composite waveguide; 26. a second output waveguide; 120. a first ridge waveguide; 121. a second ridge waveguide; 122. and a third ridge waveguide.
Detailed Description
For a better understanding of the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present application, reference should be made to the various exemplary embodiments described hereinafter with reference to the accompanying drawings, which form a part hereof, and in which are described various exemplary embodiments which may be employed in practicing the present application. The same reference numbers in different drawings identify the same or similar elements unless expressly stated otherwise. The implementations described in the following exemplary examples are not representative of all implementations consistent with the present disclosure. It is to be understood that they are merely examples of processes, methods, apparatuses, etc. that are consistent with certain aspects of the present disclosure as detailed in the appended claims, other embodiments may be utilized, or structural and functional modifications may be made to the embodiments set forth herein without departing from the scope and spirit of the present disclosure.
In the description of the present application, it should be understood that the terms "center," "longitudinal," "transverse," and the like are used in an orientation or positional relationship based on that shown in the drawings, and are merely for convenience in describing the present application and to simplify the description, rather than to indicate or imply that the elements referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operate in a particular orientation. The terms "first," "second," and the like are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. The term "plurality" means two or more. The terms "connected," "coupled" and "connected" are to be construed broadly and may be, for example, fixedly connected, detachably connected, integrally connected, mechanically connected, electrically connected, communicatively connected, directly connected, indirectly connected via intermediaries, or may be in communication with each other between two elements or in an interaction relationship between the two elements. The term "and/or" includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present application can be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art according to the specific circumstances.
In order to illustrate the technical solutions of the present application, the following description is made by specific embodiments, only the portions related to the embodiments of the present application are shown.
As shown in fig. 1, the present application provides a terahertz orthogonal mode coupler 1, which comprises a dual ridge waveguide junction 10 and a power combiner 20 that are connected to each other; the dual ridge waveguide junction 10 includes a common input square waveguide 11, a ridge waveguide ladder array 12, a transition waveguide 13, a central waveguide 14, a first branching waveguide 15, and a second branching waveguide 16; the common input square waveguide 11 is connected with one end of the ridge waveguide ladder array 12, one end of the first branch waveguide 15 and one end of the second branch waveguide 16, the other end of the ridge waveguide ladder array 12 is located between the other end of the first branch waveguide 15 and the other end of the second branch waveguide 16, and the other end of the first branch waveguide 15 and the other end of the second branch waveguide 16 form a first preset angle; the ridge waveguide step array 12, the transition waveguide 13 and the central waveguide 14 are communicated; the terahertz orthogonal mode coupler 1 further includes a turning waveguide 30; the turning waveguide 30 is connected with the central waveguide 14, and receives and outputs a signal of a vertical mode transmitted by the central waveguide 14; the height and width of the central waveguide 14 are smaller than those of the output port P2 of the turning waveguide 30, and the central waveguide 14 is used for transmitting signals in the vertical mode; the power combiner 20 is connected to the first branch waveguide 15 and the second branch waveguide 16, and the power combiner 20 is configured to receive the branch signals output by the first branch waveguide 15 and the second branch waveguide 16, combine the branch signals to obtain signals of a horizontal mode, and output signals of the horizontal mode.
Specifically, the input terminal P1 of the common input side waveguide 11 is configured to receive an input signal, and the common input side waveguide 11 has a first output terminal S1, a second output terminal S2, and a third output terminal S3; wherein the first output terminal S1 is connected to the input terminal of the ridge waveguide ladder array 12, the second output terminal S2 is connected to the input terminal of the first branch waveguide 15, and the third output terminal S3 is connected to the input terminal of the second branch waveguide 16. In some embodiments, the width of the common input side waveguide 11 is 1.092 millimeters and the height of the common input side waveguide 11 is 1.092 millimeters.
In some embodiments, the common input side waveguide 11 may include a first polarization mode TE 10 mode and a second polarization mode TE 01 mode; the first polarization mode TE 10 mode and the second polarization mode TE 01 mode are separated based on the ridge waveguide step array 12, so that the first branch waveguide 15 and the second branch waveguide 16 output signals of the horizontal mode with the same amplitude and the same direction. The power combiner 20 may receive the branch signals of the horizontal mode output from the first and second branch waveguides 15 and 16 and perform power combining, and then output the power combined signal of the horizontal mode.
In some embodiments, the input end of the transition waveguide 13 may be connected to the output end of the ridge waveguide ladder array 12, and the output end of the transition waveguide 13 may be connected to the input end of the central waveguide 14. In some embodiments, the narrow side of the transition waveguide 13 may be 0.38 millimeters, the wide side of the transition waveguide 13 may be 0.62 millimeters, the length of the transition waveguide 13 may be 0.1 millimeters, and the height of the transition waveguide 13 may be 0.42 millimeters.
In some embodiments, the height of the central waveguide 14 may be less than the height of the output port P2 of the turning waveguide 30. The height of the central waveguide 14 may be 0.17 mm. The width of the central waveguide 14 may be smaller than the width of the output port P2 of the turning waveguide 30. The width of the central waveguide 14 may be 0.86 millimeters. The length of the central waveguide 14 is 0.32 mm. In this case, the central waveguide 14 can be formed into a rectangular waveguide port of a reduced width and height compared with a standard rectangular waveguide port, such as the output port P2, so that the resonance frequency of the resonance mode can be increased to be out of the operation band, and full-band performance can be realized.
In some embodiments, as shown in fig. 1 and 3, the ridge waveguide ladder array 12 may include a first ridge waveguide 120, a second ridge waveguide 121, and a third ridge waveguide 122. Specifically, the input end of the first ridge waveguide 120 may be connected to the first output end S1 of the common input side waveguide 11, and the output end of the first ridge waveguide 120 may be connected to the input end of the second ridge waveguide 121; an input end of the third ridge waveguide 122 may be connected to an output end of the second ridge waveguide 121, and an output end of the third ridge waveguide 122 may be connected to an input end of the transition waveguide 13. Wherein, the height of the first ridge waveguide 120 may be 0.85 mm, the width of the first ridge waveguide 120 may be 0.25mm, and the length of the first ridge waveguide 120 may be 0.18 mm; the narrow side of the second ridge waveguide 121 may be the same as the width of the first ridge waveguide 120, may be 0.25mm, the height of the second ridge waveguide 121 may be less than the height of the first ridge waveguide 120, may be 0.77 mm, the wide side of the second ridge waveguide 121 may be 0.38 mm, and the length of the second ridge waveguide 121 may be 0.33 mm; the height of the third ridge waveguide 122 may be less than the height of the second ridge waveguide 121, may be 0.42 mm, the width of the third ridge waveguide 122 may be equal to the broadside of the second ridge waveguide 121, may be 0.38 mm, and the length of the third ridge waveguide 122 may be 0.21 mm.
In some embodiments, the width of the ridge waveguide ladder array 12 is a graded transition and the height of the ridge waveguide ladder array 12 is a stepped transition. Specifically, the width of the ridge waveguide step array 12 gradually increases from 0.25 mm, i.e., the narrow side of the second ridge waveguide 121, to 0.38 mm, i.e., the wide side of the second ridge waveguide 121. The height of the ridge waveguide step array 12 is reduced from 0.85 mm, i.e., the height of the first ridge waveguide 120, to 0.77 mm, i.e., the height of the second ridge waveguide 121, and finally to 0.42 mm, i.e., the height of the second ridge waveguide 121. Thereby, the discontinuity of the signal in transmission can be reduced. By providing the ridge waveguide ladder array 12, the height of the central waveguide 14 can be reduced to prevent propagation of the second polarization mode TE 01 mode while improving the matching of the first polarization mode TE 10 mode transmission.
In some embodiments, the dual ridge waveguide junction 10 may be an axisymmetric structure. In particular, the double ridge waveguide junction 10 may be axisymmetric about the central axis of the common input square waveguide 11. Therefore, reflection and loss of signals in the transmission process can be reduced, and the shape and the integrity of the signals can be maintained.
In some embodiments, the height of the first branch waveguide 15 may be 1.092 millimeters, the width of the first branch waveguide 15 may be 0.48 millimeters, and the length of the first branch waveguide 15 may be 1.45 millimeters. The second branch waveguide 16 may have the same size as the first branch waveguide 15. The first branch waveguide 15 and the second branch waveguide 16 form a first preset angle, and the first preset angle may be 100 degrees. The first preset angle can be adjusted according to actual requirements, for example, 95 degrees, 105 degrees or 110 degrees, etc.
In some embodiments, as shown in fig. 1, the terahertz quadrature mode coupler 1 may further include a turning waveguide 30. The turning waveguide 30 is connected to the central waveguide 14, and receives and outputs a signal of a vertical mode transmitted from the central waveguide 14. Specifically, an input of turning waveguide 30 may be connected to an output of central waveguide 14 for receiving signals in a vertical mode; the output terminal P2 of the turning waveguide 30 may be used to output a signal of a vertical mode. In this case, by adding the turning waveguide 30, it is possible to facilitate acquisition of a signal of a vertical mode for testing, while it is possible to facilitate processing.
In some embodiments, as shown in fig. 1, 2 and 4, the turning waveguide 30 includes a width-changing waveguide 31, a height-changing waveguide 32, a first turning waveguide step 33, a second turning waveguide step 34 and a first output waveguide 35 connected in this order, wherein the long side of the height-changing waveguide 32 is perpendicular to the long side of the first turning waveguide step 33 and parallel to the high side of the second turning waveguide step 34; the common input side waveguide 11, the width transition waveguide 31, the height transition waveguide 32, the first turning waveguide step 33, the second turning waveguide step 34, and the first output waveguide 35 are all equal in width.
In some embodiments, an input end of the width-transforming waveguide 31 may be connected to an output end of the central waveguide 14, and an output end of the width-transforming waveguide 31 may be connected to an input end of the height-transforming waveguide 32. The height of the width-changing waveguide 31 may be the same as the height of the central waveguide 14, and may be 0.17 mm; the width of the width transition waveguide 31 may be greater than the width of the central waveguide 14 and may be 1.092 millimeters; the length of the width-shifting waveguide 31 may be 0.12 millimeters.
In some embodiments, the width of the height-shifting waveguide 32 may be the same as the width of the width-shifting waveguide 31, which may be 1.092 millimeters; the height of the height-varying waveguide 32 may be greater than the height of the width-varying waveguide 31, and may be 0.26 mm; the length of the height-shifting waveguide 32 may be 0.33 millimeters. By providing the width-conversion waveguide 31 and the height-conversion waveguide 32, the port outputting the mode of the first polarization mode TE 10, that is, the output port of the center waveguide 14 can be converted into a standard rectangular waveguide port.
In some embodiments, an input end of the first turn waveguide stage 33 may be connected to an output end of the height conversion waveguide 32, and an output end of the first turn waveguide stage 33 may be connected to an input end of the second turn waveguide stage 34. The height of the first turn waveguide step 33 may be 0.16 mm; the length of the first turn waveguide step 33 may be 0.24 mm; the width of the first turn waveguide step 33 may be the same as the width of the height-shifting waveguide 32 and may be 1.092 millimeters.
In some embodiments, the height of the second turning waveguide step 34 may be 0.38 millimeters; the second turning waveguide step 34 may be 0.23 millimeters in length; the width of the second turn waveguide step 34 may be the same as the width of the first turn waveguide step 33 and may be 1.092 mm.
In some embodiments, an input of the first output waveguide 35 may be connected to an output of the second turn waveguide step 34, and an output P2 of the first output waveguide 35 may be used to output a signal in a vertical mode. The first output waveguide 35 may be a WR4.3 standard rectangular waveguide port, the narrow side may be 0.546 millimeters and the wide side may be 1.092 millimeters. The length of the first output waveguide 35 may be 1.5 mm.
As described above, providing the first turning waveguide step 33 and the second turning waveguide step 34 can realize step impedance transformation, and thus can improve the degree of matching of the respective ports in the turning waveguide 30.
In some embodiments, as shown in fig. 2, the tip of the width-transforming waveguide 31 is aligned with the tip of the height-transforming waveguide 32. The first turning waveguide step 33, the second turning waveguide step 34, and the first output waveguide 35 are aligned toward the respective end faces of the center waveguide 14, respectively. Further, the end surfaces of the width-conversion waveguide 31 aligned with the height-conversion waveguide 32, and the end surfaces of the first turning waveguide step 33, the second turning waveguide step 34, and the first output waveguide 35 aligned are L-shaped, i.e., orthogonal.
In some embodiments, the power combiner 20 includes a third branch waveguide 21, a fourth branch waveguide 22, a first combining waveguide 23, a second combining waveguide 24, a third combining waveguide 25, and a second output waveguide 26; the input end of the third branch waveguide 21 is connected to the output end of the first branch waveguide 15, the input end of the fourth branch waveguide 22 is connected to the output end of the second branch waveguide 16, and the input end of the third branch waveguide 21 and the input end of the fourth branch waveguide 22 form a second preset angle. The output end of the third branch waveguide 21 and the output end of the fourth branch waveguide 22 are both connected with the input end of the first synthesis waveguide 23; the first composite waveguide 23, the second composite waveguide 24, the third composite waveguide 25, and the second output waveguide 26 are connected in this order.
In some embodiments, the third branch waveguide 21 and the fourth branch waveguide 22 may be used to receive the equal-amplitude and same-direction horizontal mode branch signals output by the first branch waveguide 15 and the second branch waveguide 16, respectively. The height of the third branch waveguide 21 may be 1.092 mm, the length of the third branch waveguide 21 may be 1.65 mm, and the width of the third branch waveguide 21 may be 0.48 mm. The fourth branch waveguide 22 may have the same size as the third branch waveguide 21. The second preset angle may be 80 degrees. The second preset angle can be adjusted according to actual requirements, for example, 75 degrees, 85 degrees or 88 degrees, etc.
In some embodiments, an input of the first combining waveguide 23 may be connected to an output of the third branching waveguide 21 and an output of the fourth branching waveguide 22, and an output of the first combining waveguide 23 may be connected to an input of the second combining waveguide 24. The height of the first composite waveguide 23 may be the same as the height of the third branch waveguide 21 or the fourth branch waveguide 22, and may be 1.092 mm; the length of the first composite waveguide 23 may be 0.19 mm and the width of the first composite waveguide 23 may be 0.78 mm.
In some embodiments, the height of the second composite waveguide 24 may be the same as the height of the first composite waveguide 23, and may be 1.092 millimeters; the width of the second composite waveguide 24 may be less than the width of the first composite waveguide 23 and may be 0.75 millimeters; the length of the second composite waveguide 24 may be 0.23 millimeters.
In some embodiments, an input of the third combining waveguide 25 may be connected to an output of the second combining waveguide 24, and an output of the third combining waveguide 25 may be connected to an input of the second output waveguide 26. The height of the third composite waveguide 25 may be the same as the height of the second composite waveguide 24 and may be 1.092 mm; the width of the third composite waveguide 25 may be less than the width of the second composite waveguide 24 and may be 0.61 mm; the length of the third composite waveguide 25 may be 0.2 millimeters.
In some embodiments, the output terminal P3 of the second output waveguide 26 may be used to output signals in horizontal mode. The second output waveguide 26 may be a WR4.3 standard rectangular waveguide port, the second output waveguide 26 having a width of 0.546 millimeters and a height of 1.092 millimeters. The second output waveguide 26 may be 1mm in length.
In some embodiments, the heights of the common input side waveguide 11, the first branch waveguide 15, the second branch waveguide 16, the third branch waveguide 21, the fourth branch waveguide 22, the first composite waveguide 23, the second composite waveguide 24, the third composite waveguide 25, and the second output waveguide 26 are equal.
In some embodiments, the central axes of the first composite waveguide 23, the second composite waveguide 24, the third composite waveguide 25, and the second output waveguide 26 overlap each other.
As described above, by providing the first combining waveguide 23, the second combining waveguide 24, and the third combining waveguide 25, stepped impedance transformation can be achieved, and the degree of matching of the respective ports in the power combiner 20 can be improved.
In the application, the angle between the first branch waveguide 15 and the second branch waveguide 16 is changed by arranging the double-ridge waveguide junction 10, so that the other end of the first branch waveguide 15 and the other end of the second branch waveguide 16 form a first preset angle, the width sensitivity of a ridge waveguide step can be reduced, the width of the ridge waveguide can be widened, and the processing difficulty of the terahertz orthogonal mode coupler 1 can be further reduced. Meanwhile, the height and width of the central waveguide 14 are smaller than those of the output port P2 of the turning waveguide 30, so that a rectangular waveguide port with reduced width and reduced height is formed, and the working bandwidth of the terahertz orthogonal mode coupler 1 can be widened, and ultra-wideband performance is realized.
Fig. 5A is a graph showing an electric field intensity distribution diagram of a vertical mode of the terahertz orthogonal mode coupler 1 according to the embodiment of the application; fig. 5B is a graph showing an electric field intensity distribution diagram of the horizontal mode of the terahertz orthogonal mode coupler 1 according to the embodiment of the application.
Simulation tests are performed on the terahertz orthogonal mode coupler 1 according to the present application to obtain simulation results of the S parameter S11 shown in fig. 6A, simulation results of the S parameters S21 and S31 shown in fig. 6B, and simulation results of the S parameter S32 shown in fig. 6C.
S11 is the return loss of the input end P1 of the common input side waveguide 11, and comprises a vertical mode and a horizontal mode respectively; s21 is the transmission coefficient of the output end P2 of the first output waveguide 35, S31 is the transmission coefficient of the output end P3 of the second output waveguide 26; s32 is the isolation between the output end P2 of the first output waveguide 35 and the output end P3 of the second output waveguide 26.
Simulation results show that: in the frequency range of 170-260GHz, the return loss |S11| of the vertical mode and the horizontal mode of the terahertz orthogonal mode coupler 1 related by the application is higher than 15dB; meanwhile, the transmission loss |S21| of the vertical mode is smaller than 0.14dB, and the transmission loss |S31| of the horizontal mode is smaller than 0.06dB; the isolation |s32| between the port P2 of the first output waveguide 35 and the port P3 of the second output waveguide 26 is greater than 60.9dB. Simulation results illustrate: the terahertz orthogonal mode coupler 1 has good performance and realizes the good performance of full-band ultra-wideband.
The foregoing is only illustrative of the preferred embodiments of the application, and it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes in the features and embodiments may be made and equivalents may be substituted without departing from the spirit and scope of the application. In addition, many modifications may be made to adapt a particular situation or material to the teachings of the application without departing from the essential scope thereof. Therefore, it is intended that the application not be limited to the particular embodiment disclosed, but that the application will include all embodiments falling within the scope of the appended claims.
Claims (10)
1. A terahertz orthogonal mode coupler is characterized by comprising a double-ridge waveguide junction and a power synthesizer which are connected with each other; the double-ridge waveguide junction comprises a common input square waveguide, a ridge waveguide ladder array, a transition waveguide, a central waveguide, a first branch waveguide and a second branch waveguide; the common input side waveguide is connected with one end of the ridge waveguide ladder array, one end of the first branch waveguide and one end of the second branch waveguide, the other end of the ridge waveguide ladder array is positioned between the other end of the first branch waveguide and the other end of the second branch waveguide, and the other end of the first branch waveguide and the other end of the second branch waveguide form a first preset angle; the ridge waveguide step array, the transition waveguide and the central waveguide are communicated; the terahertz orthogonal mode coupler further comprises a turning waveguide; the turning waveguide is connected with the central waveguide and is used for receiving and outputting signals of a vertical mode transmitted by the central waveguide; the height and width of the central waveguide are smaller than those of the output port of the turning waveguide, and the central waveguide is used for transmitting signals in a vertical mode; the power combiner is respectively connected with the first branch waveguide and the second branch waveguide, and is used for receiving the branch signals output by the first branch waveguide and the second branch waveguide, combining the branch signals to obtain signals of a horizontal mode and outputting the signals of the horizontal mode.
2. The terahertz orthogonal mode coupler according to claim 1, wherein the turning waveguide comprises a width-changing waveguide, a height-changing waveguide, a first turning waveguide step, a second turning waveguide step, and a first output waveguide connected in this order, wherein a long side of the height-changing waveguide is perpendicular to a long side of the first turning waveguide step and parallel to a high side of the second turning waveguide step; the widths of the common input side waveguide, the width conversion waveguide, the height conversion waveguide, the first turning waveguide step, the second turning waveguide step and the first output waveguide are all equal.
3. The terahertz orthogonal mode coupler according to claim 2, wherein the height of the width-conversion waveguide is the same as the height of the center waveguide, the height of the width-conversion waveguide is 0.17 mm, the width of the width-conversion waveguide is greater than the width of the center waveguide, the width of the width-conversion waveguide is 1.092 mm, and the length of the width-conversion waveguide is 0.12 mm; the width of the height conversion waveguide is 1.092 mm, the height of the height conversion waveguide is larger than that of the width conversion waveguide, the height of the height conversion waveguide is 0.26 mm, and the length of the height conversion waveguide is 0.33 mm; the height of the first turning waveguide step is 0.16 millimeter, the length of the first turning waveguide step is 0.24 millimeter, and the width of the first turning waveguide step is 1.092 millimeter; the height of the second turning waveguide ladder is 0.38 millimeter, the length of the second turning waveguide ladder is 0.23 millimeter, and the width of the second turning waveguide ladder is 1.092 millimeter; the narrow side of the first output waveguide is 0.546 mm, the wide side of the first output waveguide is 1.092 mm, and the length of the first output waveguide is 1.5 mm.
4. The terahertz quadrature mode coupler of claim 2, wherein the tip of the width-transforming waveguide is aligned with the tip of the height-transforming waveguide; the first turning waveguide step, the second turning waveguide step, and the first output waveguide are aligned toward respective end faces of the central waveguide, respectively.
5. The terahertz quadrature mode coupler of claim 1, wherein the power combiner comprises a third branch waveguide, a fourth branch waveguide, a first combining waveguide, a second combining waveguide, a third combining waveguide, and a second output waveguide; the input end of the third branch waveguide is connected with the output end of the first branch waveguide, the input end of the fourth branch waveguide is connected with the output end of the second branch waveguide, and the input end of the third branch waveguide and the input end of the fourth branch waveguide form a second preset angle; the output end of the third branch waveguide and the output end of the fourth branch waveguide are connected with the input end of the first synthesis waveguide; the first composite waveguide, the second composite waveguide, the third composite waveguide and the second output waveguide are sequentially connected.
6. The terahertz orthogonal mode coupler according to claim 5, wherein central axes of the first synthetic waveguide, the second synthetic waveguide, the third synthetic waveguide, and the second output waveguide overlap each other.
7. The terahertz orthogonal mode coupler according to claim 5, wherein the heights of the common input side waveguide, the first branch waveguide, the second branch waveguide, the third branch waveguide, the fourth branch waveguide, the first synthetic waveguide, the second synthetic waveguide, the third synthetic waveguide, and the second output waveguide are equal; the height of the third branch waveguide is 1.092 mm, the length of the third branch waveguide is 1.65 mm, and the width of the third branch waveguide is 0.48 mm; the fourth branch waveguide has the same size as the third branch waveguide; the height of the first composite waveguide is 1.092 mm, the length of the first composite waveguide is 0.19 mm, and the width of the first composite waveguide is 0.78 mm; the height of the second composite waveguide is 1.092 mm, the width of the second composite waveguide is smaller than the width of the first composite waveguide, the width of the second composite waveguide is 0.75 mm, and the length of the second composite waveguide is 0.23 mm; the height of the third composite waveguide is 1.092 mm, the width of the third composite waveguide is smaller than the width of the second composite waveguide, the width of the third composite waveguide is 0.61 mm, and the length of the third composite waveguide is 0.2 mm; the width of the second output waveguide is 0.546 mm, the height of the second output waveguide is 1.092 mm, and the length of the second output waveguide is 1 mm.
8. The terahertz quadrature mode coupler of claim 1, wherein the common input side waveguide has a width of 1.092 millimeters and a height of 1.092 millimeters; the narrow side of the transition waveguide is 0.38 mm, the wide side of the transition waveguide is 0.62 mm, the length of the transition waveguide is 0.1 mm, and the height of the transition waveguide is 0.42 mm; the height of the central waveguide is 0.17 millimeter, the width of the central waveguide is 0.86 millimeter, and the length of the central waveguide is 0.32 millimeter; the height of the first branch waveguide is 1.092 mm, the width of the first branch waveguide is 0.48 mm, and the length of the first branch waveguide is 1.45 mm; the second branch waveguide has the same size as the first branch waveguide.
9. The terahertz quadrature mode coupler of claim 1, wherein the ridge waveguide step array has a width that is graded and the ridge waveguide step array has a height that is graded.
10. The terahertz quadrature mode coupler of claim 1, wherein the common input square waveguide comprises a first polarization mode TE 10 mode and a second polarization mode TE 01 mode; the first polarization mode TE 10 mode and the second polarization mode TE 01 mode are separated based on the ridge waveguide step array, so that the first branch waveguide and the second branch waveguide output signals of horizontal modes with the same amplitude and the same direction.
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| CN108923107A (en) * | 2018-08-27 | 2018-11-30 | 江苏贝孚德通讯科技股份有限公司 | Waveguide turning transition structure and orthomode coupler |
| CN111384475A (en) * | 2020-04-20 | 2020-07-07 | 北京星英联微波科技有限责任公司 | Ultra-wideband ridge-added orthogonal mode coupler (OMT) and antenna system |
| US11081766B1 (en) * | 2019-09-26 | 2021-08-03 | Lockheed Martin Corporation | Mode-whisperer linear waveguide OMT |
| CN117810682A (en) * | 2024-01-16 | 2024-04-02 | 北京航空航天大学 | Compact broadband dual-frequency dual-polarized feed source antenna |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN108923107A (en) * | 2018-08-27 | 2018-11-30 | 江苏贝孚德通讯科技股份有限公司 | Waveguide turning transition structure and orthomode coupler |
| US11081766B1 (en) * | 2019-09-26 | 2021-08-03 | Lockheed Martin Corporation | Mode-whisperer linear waveguide OMT |
| CN111384475A (en) * | 2020-04-20 | 2020-07-07 | 北京星英联微波科技有限责任公司 | Ultra-wideband ridge-added orthogonal mode coupler (OMT) and antenna system |
| CN117810682A (en) * | 2024-01-16 | 2024-04-02 | 北京航空航天大学 | Compact broadband dual-frequency dual-polarized feed source antenna |
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