CN111384475A

CN111384475A - Ultra-wideband ridge-added orthogonal mode coupler (OMT) and antenna system

Info

Publication number: CN111384475A
Application number: CN202010314177.4A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 胡南; 谢文青; 刘建睿; 赵丽新; 刘爽
Original assignee: Beijing Xingyinglian Microwave Technology Co ltd
Current assignee: Beijing Xingyinglian Microwave Technology Co ltd
Priority date: 2020-04-20
Filing date: 2020-04-20
Publication date: 2020-07-07

Abstract

The invention provides an ultra-wideband ridge orthogonal mode coupler (OMT) and an antenna system, wherein the ultra-wideband ridge orthogonal mode coupler (OMT) and the antenna system at least comprise the ultra-wideband ridge orthogonal mode coupler (OMT) and a radiation antenna, wherein a first channel is arranged in the ultra-wideband ridge orthogonal mode coupler (OMT), a second channel is arranged in the radiation antenna, and a common port of the first channel is connected with a first antenna port of the second channel; and a plurality of ridges with square cross sections are arranged in the first channel, and the ridges arranged in the first channel extend from the public port to the inner wall of the first channel. It should be noted that the broadband orthogonal mode coupler adopted in the present application is provided with a ridge structure at the common port, and the ridge structure enables the broadband orthogonal mode coupler to achieve a wider operating bandwidth, a higher port isolation and a higher cross polarization isolation, and simultaneously, the broadband orthogonal mode coupler also achieves multiple octaves and has a good impedance matching.

Description

Ultra-wideband ridge-added orthogonal mode coupler (OMT) and antenna system

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of broadband, in particular to an ultra-wideband ridge orthogonal mode coupler (OMT) and an antenna system.

Background

The fifth generation cellular mobile communication system is characterized by high speed, low delay and dense connection. Compared with the prior communication systems, the frequency used by the 5G communication system is obviously improved. The 1.13 topic is newly established in the research period of world radio communication society in 2019, an available frequency band is searched above 6GHz, and the research frequency range is 24.25-86 GHz.

That is, the following new requirements are created for the 5G test: 1. a series of antennas suitable for each test method is required; 2. the frequency band of 5G millimeter waves is required to be covered by 24-50 GHz and 22.5-45 GHz; 3. dual linear polarization, high cross polarization 45dB, high port isolation 40dB is required.

Similarly, for the new requirements of the above 5G test, the existing product has the following bottlenecks: 1. the frequency band is not tested for 5G millimeter waves; 2. no standard waveguide covers the 5G millimeter wave frequency band; 3. the existing dual linear polarization is specifically cross polarization of 30dB, and port isolation is 20 dB.

The object is not solved yet by the above technical problem.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention provides an ultra-wideband ridge orthogonal mode coupler (OMT) and an antenna system, which aim to solve the technical problem that the existing ultra-wideband ridge orthogonal mode coupler (OMT) and antenna system cannot meet the requirement of a 5G test.

In order to solve the above problem, according to an aspect of the present invention, the present invention provides an ultra-wideband-ridged orthogonal mode coupler (OMT) and an antenna system, where the ultra-wideband-ridged orthogonal mode coupler (OMT) and the antenna system at least include an ultra-wideband-ridged orthogonal mode coupler (OMT) and a radiation antenna, where a first channel is provided in the ultra-wideband-ridged orthogonal mode coupler (OMT), a second channel is provided in the radiation antenna, and a common port of the first channel is connected to a first antenna port of the second channel; and a plurality of ridges with square cross sections are arranged in the first channel, and the ridges arranged in the first channel extend from the public port to the inner wall of the first channel.

Furthermore, the public port of the first channel is a square port, and four ridges are respectively arranged on four side walls of the square port.

Furthermore, the first channel is divided into a separation channel, a combination channel and a matching channel, one end of the separation channel is provided with a common port, and the other end of the separation channel is provided with two side ports and a straight port; one end of the combining channel is connected with two side ports of the separation channel, and the other end of the combining channel is a rectangular port; one end of the matching channel is connected with the straight port of the separation channel, and the other end of the matching channel is a rectangular port; the four ridges are divided into a first group of ridges and a second group of ridges, wherein the first group of ridges are respectively positioned on a first side wall and a second side wall which are oppositely arranged on the separation channel and extend to the combining channel; the second set of ridges are respectively located on a third side wall and a fourth side wall of the separation channel which are oppositely arranged.

Further, the combining channel includes a combining sub-channel, a first converting channel and a second converting channel, a first end of the first converting channel and a first end of the second converting channel are respectively connected to the two side ports of the separating channel, and a second end of the first converting channel and a second end of the second converting channel are both connected to the combining sub-channel; wherein the first group of ridges gradually decrease ridge height in the first transition channel and the second transition channel, and the first group of ridges is smoothly transited from a single ridge waveguide to a rectangular waveguide; and the combining sub-channel is used for combining the two paths of rectangular waveguides into one path of rectangular waveguide.

Further, in a direction from a first end to a second end of the first switching channel, the first switching channel is subjected to widening processing from a first preset position, wherein the widening processing is to widen a width of a surface of the first switching channel provided with a ridge; and in the direction from the first end to the second end of the second conversion channel, widening the second conversion channel from a second preset position, wherein the widening is to widen the width of the surface of the second conversion channel provided with the ridge.

Further, in a direction extending from the common port to the inside of the first channel, the second set of ridges gradually increases in ridge height from a third preset position until the ridge pitch of the second set of ridges becomes a first threshold value, wherein the first threshold value is a cross-sectional width of the through port of the separation channel; and/or, in the direction extending from the common port to the inside of the first channel, the ridge width of the second group of ridges is gradually reduced from a fourth preset position until the ridge width of the second group of ridges all becomes a second threshold value.

Further, the separation channel begins to form two side ports after the ridge pitch between the second set of ridges becomes a first threshold.

Further, after the ridge distance between the second group of ridges becomes the first threshold, the ridge side walls of each ridge in the second group of ridges are gradually separated by a preset angle until the distance between the ridge side walls of each ridge becomes the third threshold; after the distance between the ridge sidewalls of each ridge becomes the third threshold, the ridge sidewalls are joined two by two, respectively, and changed into the sidewalls of the two side ports of the separation channel.

Further, after the ridge distance between the second group of ridges becomes a first threshold value, the first side surface and the second side surface of the separation channel are bent at right angles to be changed into the side walls of the two side ports of the separation channel, wherein the longitudinal sections of the first side surface and the second side surface are L-shaped.

Further, the matching channel smoothly transitions the straight opening of the separation channel to a standard rectangular opening based on a stepped structure, wherein the width dimension of each step in the stepped structure satisfies chebyshev anti-impedance transformation.

Furthermore, the matching channel is bent at a right angle at a first position, and a step structure is arranged on the outer side of the bent position, wherein the step structure is arranged along the width direction of the bent position.

Further, the ultra-wideband-ridged orthogonal mode coupler (OMT) is composed of a plurality of components, wherein the plurality of components are stacked to form the first channel, and wherein each ridge is completely disposed on any number of the components.

Further, in a case that the port shape of the common port is not matched with the port shape of the first antenna port, the ultra-wideband-ridged orthogonal mode coupler (OMT) further includes a port transition device, a third channel is provided inside the port transition device, wherein a first transition port of the third channel is connected with the common port, and the port shape of the first transition port is matched with the port shape of the common port; a second transition port of the third channel is connected with the first antenna port, and the port shape of the second transition port is matched with the port shape of the first antenna port; and the third channel is used for smoothly transitioning the first transition port into the second transition port.

Further, under the condition that the port shape of the common port is not matched with the port shape of the first antenna port, the radiation antenna further comprises a port transition device, a third channel is arranged in the port transition device, wherein a first transition port of the third channel is connected with the common port, and the port shape of the first transition port is matched with the port shape of the common port; a second transition port of the third channel is connected with the first antenna port, and the port shape of the second transition port is matched with the port shape of the first antenna port; and the third channel is used for smoothly transitioning the first transition port into the second transition port.

Furthermore, the port shape of the first transition port is a square port with four ridges, and the square port with four ridges is matched with the port shape of the public port; and the port shape of the second transition port is a four-ridge round port, and the four-ridge round port is matched with the port shape of the first antenna port, wherein the four-ridge round port is a port shape in which four ridges with square cross sections are uniformly arranged on the inner wall of a circular port.

Furthermore, the port shape of the first transition port is a square port with four ridges, and the square port with four ridges is matched with the port shape of the public port; and the port shape of the second transition port is a first round port, and the first round port is matched with the port shape of the first antenna port, wherein the first round port is a round port without a ridge on the inner wall.

Furthermore, the port shape of the first transition port is a square port with four ridges, and the square port with four ridges is matched with the port shape of the public port; and the port shape of the second transition port is a first square port, and the first square port is matched with the port shape of the first antenna port, wherein the first square port is a square port without a ridge on the inner wall.

Further, a first fixing portion is arranged on the periphery of the first transition port, and the first fixing portion is used for connecting the port transition device and the ultra wide band and ridge orthogonal mode coupler (OMT); and/or a second fixing part is arranged on the periphery of the second transition port and used for connecting the port transition device and the radiation antenna.

Further, radiation antenna divide into transition part and horn mouth face part along electromagnetic wave transmission direction, just horn mouth face part is equipped with a plurality of recesses, wherein, the recess is concentric circles recess/annular groove, concentric circles recess set up in on the top surface of horn mouth face part, the annular groove is followed the inner wall setting of the second passageway of horn mouth face part.

Further, in the case that the grooves are concentric circular grooves, the plurality of concentric circular grooves are arranged on the periphery of the second antenna port at equal intervals; and, under the condition that the recess is the annular groove, a plurality of annular grooves set up side by side in proper order along the electromagnetic wave direction of transmission on the second passageway inner wall, wherein, first antenna port does the port of horn mouth face part is kept away from to the second passageway, the second antenna port does the second passageway is close to the port of horn mouth face part.

Further, the second channel at the transition portion is a first antenna channel, and the channel at the flared surface portion is a second antenna channel, wherein the channel diameter of the first antenna channel is maintained constant/gradually increased and/or the channel diameter of the second antenna channel is maintained constant/gradually increased in the direction from the first antenna port to the second antenna port.

Furthermore, be located the second passageway of transition part is first antenna channel, is located the passageway of horn mouth face part is second antenna channel, wherein, in the first antenna channel side by side and equidistant many cross sections that are equipped with are square spine, the spine that sets up on the first antenna channel inner wall is followed first antenna port to first antenna channel inner wall extends.

Further, in the direction from the first antenna port to the second antenna port, the ridge height of the ridge provided on the inner wall of the first antenna passage gradually decreases.

Furthermore, the ridge arranged on the inner wall of the first antenna channel is divided into a first stage, a second stage and a third stage, wherein the ridge height of the first stage is unchanged, the ridge height of the second stage is reduced in linearity, and the ridge height curve of the third stage is reduced.

Furthermore, under the condition that the inner wall of the first antenna channel is provided with N ridges, N groups of first connecting pieces are arranged on the transition part of the radiation antenna, and second connecting pieces are arranged on the bottom surfaces of the N ridges, wherein the first connecting pieces and the second connecting pieces are arranged in a matched mode and used for fixing the ridges on the inner wall of the first antenna channel.

Further, under the condition that N ridges are arranged on the inner wall of the first antenna channel, N positioning grooves are arranged on the inner wall of the first antenna channel of the radiation antenna, wherein the positioning grooves and the ridges are arranged in a one-to-one correspondence manner, and the ridges are positioned in the positioning grooves.

Further, the radiation antenna further includes a third fixing portion disposed on the periphery of the first antenna port, and a third connecting member for fixing the radiation antenna is disposed on the third fixing portion.

By applying the technical scheme of the invention, the broadband orthogonal mode coupler is provided with the ridge structure at the public port, so that the broadband orthogonal mode coupler achieves wider working bandwidth, higher port isolation and cross polarization isolation, and simultaneously realizes multi-octave (at least 2 octaves) and has good impedance matching.

Drawings

The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this application, illustrate embodiments of the invention and, together with the description, serve to explain the invention and not to limit the invention. In the drawings:

fig. 1 is a first schematic diagram of an ultra-wideband-ridged orthogonal mode coupler (OMT) and an antenna system according to the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a common port of the ultra-wideband-ridged orthogonal-mode coupler (OMT) of FIG. 1;

FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a first channel of the ultra-wideband-ridged orthogonal mode coupler (OMT) of FIG. 1;

FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a separation channel of the first channel of FIG. 3;

FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a combining channel of the first channel of FIG. 3;

FIG. 6 is a schematic illustration of a matching channel of the first channel of FIG. 3;

FIG. 7 is a side perspective view of the ultra-wideband-ridged orthogonal mode coupler (OMT) of FIG. 1;

FIG. 8 is a front perspective view of the ultra-wideband-ridged orthogonal mode coupler (OMT) of FIG. 1;

FIG. 9 is a perspective view of an ultra-wideband-ridged orthogonal mode coupler (OMT) of FIG. 1;

FIG. 10 is a first schematic diagram of an assembly of the UWB-ridged orthogonal mode coupler (OMT) of FIG. 1;

FIG. 11 is a second schematic assembly diagram of the ultra-wideband-ridged orthogonal mode coupler (OMT) of FIG. 1;

fig. 12 is a third schematic assembly diagram of an alternative ultra-wideband-ridged orthogonal mode coupler (OMT) provided by the present application;

FIG. 13 is a schematic view of an alternative first/second assembly provided herein;

FIG. 14 is a first schematic view of an alternative assembly provided herein;

FIG. 15 is a second schematic view of an alternative assembly provided herein;

FIG. 16 is a first schematic view of a port transition device provided herein;

FIG. 17 is a first perspective view of a port transition device provided herein;

FIG. 18 is a second schematic view of a port transition device according to the present application;

FIG. 19 is a second perspective view of a port transition device provided herein;

FIG. 20 is a schematic view of a third channel in a port transition device provided herein;

fig. 21 is a first schematic diagram of a radiation antenna provided in the present application;

fig. 22 is a second schematic diagram of a radiation antenna provided in the present application;

fig. 23 is a third schematic diagram of a radiation antenna provided in the present application;

fig. 24 is a side view and a cross-sectional view of the radiating antenna of fig. 23;

fig. 25 is a fourth schematic diagram of a radiation antenna provided in the present application;

fig. 26 is a side view and a cross-sectional view of the radiating antenna of fig. 25;

fig. 27 is a cross-sectional view of a horn portion of the radiating antenna of fig. 21;

fig. 28 is a sectional view of a horn portion of the radiating antenna of fig. 22;

fig. 29 is a cross-sectional view of the radiating antenna of fig. 21;

fig. 30 is a cross-sectional view of a transition portion (without ridges) of the radiating antenna of fig. 22;

fig. 31 is a cross-sectional view of a transition portion (provided with ridges) of the radiating antenna in fig. 22;

fig. 32 is a schematic view of a ridge in a transition portion of the radiating antenna of fig. 22;

fig. 33 is a cross-sectional view and a side view of the radiating antenna in fig. 22;

fig. 34 is a second schematic diagram of an ultra-wideband ridged orthogonal mode coupler (OMT) and antenna system according to the present application;

fig. 35 is a third schematic diagram of an ultra-wideband ridged orthogonal mode coupler (OMT) and antenna system according to the present application;

fig. 36 is a fourth schematic diagram of an ultra-wideband-ridged orthogonal mode coupler (OMT) and antenna system according to the present application;

fig. 37 is a fifth schematic diagram of an ultra-wideband-ridged orthogonal mode coupler (OMT) and antenna system according to the present application;

wherein the figures include the following reference numerals:

10. an ultra-wideband-ridged orthogonal mode coupler (OMT); 111. a common port; 112. a side port; 113. a straight port; 121. a combining sub-channel; 122. a first switching channel; 123. a second switching channel; 130. a step structure; 141. a first preset position; 142. a second preset position; 143. a third preset position; 144. a fourth preset position; 10a, a first set of ridges; 10b, a second set of ridges;

20. a radiating antenna; 211. a transition portion; 212. a bellmouth face portion; 221. a concentric circular groove; 222. an annular groove; 231. a first antenna port; 232. a second antenna port; 241. a first antenna channel; 242. a second antenna channel; 250. a ridge disposed on an inner wall of the first antenna channel; 250a, a first stage; 250b, a second stage; 250c, a third stage; 251. a first connecting member; 252. a second connecting member; 253. a positioning groove; 260. a third fixed part;

30. a port transition device; 31. a first transition port; 311. a square opening with four ridges; 32. a second transition port; 321. four-ridge round mouth; 322. a first round mouth; 323. a first square opening; 33. a first fixed part; 34. a second fixed part.

Detailed Description

The technical solution in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. It is to be understood that the described embodiments are merely exemplary of the invention, and not restrictive of the full scope of the invention. The following description of at least one exemplary embodiment is merely illustrative in nature and is in no way intended to limit the invention, its application, or uses. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

As shown in fig. 1, an ultra wide band-ridge orthogonal mode coupler (OMT) and an antenna system are provided in an embodiment of the present application, where the ultra wide band-ridge orthogonal mode coupler (OMT) and the antenna system at least include an ultra wide band-ridge orthogonal mode coupler (OMT) and a radiation antenna, where a first channel is disposed in the ultra wide band-ridge orthogonal mode coupler (OMT), a second channel is disposed in the radiation antenna, and a common port of the first channel is connected to a first antenna port of the second channel; and a plurality of ridges with square cross sections are arranged in the first channel, and the ridges arranged in the first channel extend from the public port to the inner wall of the first channel.

For an ultra-wideband-ridged orthogonal mode coupler (OMT), it should be noted that:

the ultra-wideband ridge orthogonal mode coupler (OMT) is a wideband orthogonal mode coupler, wherein a common port in the structure of the conventional orthogonal mode coupler is mostly a square waveguide port or a circular waveguide port, the working frequency range broadening of the conventional orthogonal mode coupler is only 1-2 octaves, and the processing difficulty is high; however, the broadband orthogonal mode coupler adopted by the application is provided with the ridge structure at the public port, and the ridge structure enables the broadband orthogonal mode coupler to achieve wider working bandwidth, higher port isolation and cross polarization isolation, and meanwhile, the broadband orthogonal mode coupler also achieves multi-octave (at least 2 octaves) and has good impedance matching.

In an alternative example, the common port of the first channel is a square port, and four ridges are respectively arranged on four side walls of the square port and positioned in the middle of the side walls to form a square port with four ridges as shown in fig. 2.

Wherein, the cross section size of the square opening of the four ridges satisfies the following formula:

in the formula, a1 is the length of the long side of the public port; a2 is ridge width; b1 is the length of the public port wide side; b2 is ridge spacing; u is relative magnetic permeability; ε is the relative dielectric constant; fc is the cut-off frequency; cf is the fringe capacitance; as shown in particular in fig. 8.

That is, the ultra-wideband-ridged orthogonal mode coupler (OMT) provided by the present application can calculate the cut-off frequencies of the four-ridged square-mouth with different sizes by the above formula.

In an optional example, a first channel of an ultra-wideband-ridged orthogonal-mode coupler (OMT) is divided into a separation channel, a combining channel, and a matching channel, wherein one end of the separation channel is provided with a common port, and the other end of the separation channel is provided with two side ports and a straight port; one end of the combining channel is connected with two side ports of the separation channel, and the other end of the combining channel is a standard rectangular port; one end of the matching channel is connected with the straight port of the separation channel, and the other end of the matching channel is a standard rectangular port.

That is, a separation channel, a combining channel and a matching channel are arranged inside the ultra-wideband ridge orthogonal mode coupler (OMT), wherein the separation channel is used for separating the wave transmitted by the common port into a TE01 mode and a TE10 mode, wherein a TE01 mode is transmitted from two side ports of the separation channel to the combining channel, and is combined into one path based on the channel structure of the combining channel and output from a standard rectangular port of the combining channel; the TE10 mode is transmitted from the straight port of the separation channel to the matching channel and out of the standard rectangular port of the matching channel.

In addition, the separation channel, the combination channel and the matching channel arranged in the ultra-wideband ridge orthogonal mode coupler (OMT) can also carry out opposite electromagnetic wave transmission, namely, a TE10 mode is input from a standard rectangular port of the matching channel and enters the separation channel through a straight port; the TE01 module is input from a standard rectangular port of the combining channel and enters the separating channel through two side ports; at this point the TE01 mode and TE10 mode are combined in separate channels and output through a common port.

It should be noted that: in the present application, in order to clearly describe the channel structure inside the ultra-wideband-ridged orthogonal mode coupler (OMT), the first channel of the ultra-wideband-ridged orthogonal mode coupler (OMT) is divided into a separation channel, a combining channel and a matching channel, but the present application does not specifically limit the specific dividing manner of the internal channel (first channel) of the ultra-wideband-ridged orthogonal mode coupler (OMT).

The ultra-wideband-ridged orthogonal mode coupler (OMT) of the present application may be as shown in fig. 3, the separation channel may be as shown in fig. 4, the combining channel may be as shown in fig. 5, and the matching channel may be as shown in fig. 6. It should be noted that: fig. 3-6 are internal channel models of an ultra-wideband-ridged orthogonal mode coupler (OMT), rather than an ultra-wideband-ridged orthogonal mode coupler (OMT) solid model.

The public port can be a square four-ridge waveguide port with the side length of 5.9mm and can be connected with a radiation antenna; the standard rectangular port can be a BJ320 standard rectangular port and can be connected with the waveguide coaxial converter; the straight opening may be a 6.6mm by 2.1mm rectangular waveguide; the side port may be a single ridge waveguide port of 5.9mm by 1.56 mm.

In an optional example, the four ridges are divided into a first group of ridges and a second group of ridges, wherein the first group of ridges are respectively located on a first side wall and a second side wall which are oppositely arranged on the separation channel and extend to the combining channel; the second set of ridges are respectively located on a third side wall and a fourth side wall of the separation channel which are oppositely arranged.

That is, as shown in fig. 4, the four ridges are a first ridge, a second ridge, a third ridge and a fourth ridge, wherein the first ridge and the second ridge form a first group of ridges, and the third ridge and the fourth ridge form a second group of ridges, at this time, the first ridge is disposed on the first side wall of the separation channel and extends to the merging channel based on the side port connected by the first side wall, the second ridge is disposed on the second side wall of the separation channel and extends to the merging channel based on the side port connected by the second side wall, and the first side wall and the second side wall are disposed opposite to each other in the separation channel; furthermore, the third and fourth ridges are provided on the third and fourth side walls, respectively, of the opposing re-separation channel and disappear before the separation channel connects the mating channel.

In an alternative example, as shown in fig. 5, the combining channel includes a combining sub-channel, a first converting channel and a second converting channel, a first end of the first converting channel and a first end of the second converting channel are respectively connected to the two side ports of the separating channel, and a second end of the first converting channel and a second end of the second converting channel are both connected to the combining sub-channel.

It should be noted that: in order to clearly describe the channel structure of the combining channel in the present application, the combining channel of the ultra-wideband-ridged orthogonal-mode coupler (OMT) is divided into a combining sub-channel, a first converting channel and a second converting channel. That is, the present application does not specifically limit the specific dividing manner of the road channels.

At the moment, the ridge heights of the first group of ridges are gradually reduced in the first conversion channel and the second conversion channel, so that the first conversion channel is smoothly transited to the rectangular waveguide from the single ridge waveguide, and the second conversion channel is smoothly transited to the rectangular waveguide from the single ridge waveguide; after the first conversion channel is converted into the rectangular waveguide and the second conversion channel is converted into the rectangular waveguide, the combining sub-channel is connected with the two rectangular waveguides so that the two rectangular waveguides are combined into one rectangular waveguide, and the ultra-wideband ridge orthogonal mode coupler (OMT) outputs electromagnetic waves through the rectangular waveguides.

In an alternative example, as shown in fig. 5, the first switching path is subjected to a widening process from a first preset position in a direction from a first end to a second end of the first switching path, wherein the widening process is to widen a width of a surface of the first switching path provided with ridges; and in the direction from the first end to the second end of the second conversion channel, widening the second conversion channel from a second preset position, wherein the widening is to widen the width of the surface of the second conversion channel provided with the ridge.

For example, the following steps are carried out: assuming that the surface of the first switching passage provided with the ridge is an a surface, the a surface is widened from a first preset position in a direction from the first end to the second end of the first switching passage at this time.

In an alternative example, as shown in fig. 5, when the cross section of the combining sub-channel is T-shaped, a V-shaped ridge is disposed at a T-shaped node of the combining sub-channel, and the V-shaped ridge is disposed along a depth direction to form a V-shaped gap of the combining sub-channel, wherein a ridge surface angle of the V-shaped ridge is 45 °.

In an alternative example, the second set of ridges gradually increases in ridge height from a third preset position in a direction extending from the common port toward the inside of the first channel until a ridge pitch of the second set of ridges becomes a first threshold value, wherein the first threshold value is a cross-sectional width of the through-port of the separation channel.

That is, as shown in fig. 4, the second set of ridges penetrates the third surface and the fourth surface of the separation channel, and starts to gradually increase the ridge height from the third preset position, so that after the separation channel subsequently separates two side openings, a straight opening with a length greater than the width is naturally formed. Wherein the third ridge and the fourth ridge gradually increase the ridge height starting from the third preset position, as shown in fig. 7, to structurally gradually compress the width dimension of the through opening.

In an alternative example, as shown in fig. 8, in a direction extending from the common port to the inside of the first channel, the second group of ridges gradually decreases in ridge width from a fourth preset position until the ridge widths of the second group of ridges all become a second threshold, where the second threshold is related to a frequency band corresponding to an ultra-wideband-ridge orthogonal mode coupler (OMT), for example: the second threshold is larger for higher frequencies of the ultra-wideband-ridged orthogonal-mode coupler (OMT).

It should be noted that: the ridge width and ridge height of the second set of ridges are simultaneously varied and the decrease increase process is initiated. Specifically, as shown in fig. 7, 8 and 9, the third preset position and the fourth preset position may be the same position, and when the second group of ridges starts to gradually increase the ridge height, the group of ridges also starts to gradually decrease the ridge width at the same time.

It should be noted that: the ridge width and the ridge height of the second set of ridges simultaneously satisfy the preset conditions, and the decrease-increase process is stopped. As shown in fig. 7, 8 and 9 in particular, the second set of ridges gradually increases the ridge height and gradually decreases the ridge width from the same position; furthermore, the ridge height of the second group of ridges gradually meets the preset condition and is not increased, and meanwhile, the ridge width of the second group of ridges also gradually meets the preset condition and is not decreased; at this time, the ridge width and the ridge height of the second group of ridges are not changed when the preset conditions are satisfied at the same position.

In an alternative example, the separation channel starts to form two side ports after a ridge pitch between a first ridge and a second ridge included in the second group of ridges becomes a first threshold; and/or, after the ridge width of each ridge in the second group of ridges becomes a second threshold value, the separation channel starts to form two side openings.

That is, in this example of the present application, the separation channel may start to form two side ports after a ridge pitch between a third ridge and a fourth ridge included in the second group of ridges becomes a first threshold; or after the ridge width of each ridge in the second group of ridges becomes the second threshold value, the separation channel starts to form two side openings; alternatively, the separation channel may start to form two side openings after the ridge pitch between the third ridge and the fourth ridge included in the second group of ridges becomes the first threshold and the ridge width of each ridge in the second group of ridges becomes the second threshold.

Specifically, after the ridge distance of the second group of ridges becomes a first threshold, the ridge side walls of each ridge in the second group of ridges are gradually separated by a preset angle until the distance between the ridge side walls of each ridge becomes a third threshold; after the distance between the ridge side walls of each ridge becomes a third threshold value, the ridge side walls are correspondingly combined two by two and are changed into the side walls of two side openings of the separation channel; it should be noted that: the preset angle is preferably 45 °.

That is, as shown in fig. 4, the ridge sidewalls of the third ridge in the second set of ridges are gradually separated until they are transformed into partial sidewalls of the two side ports of the separation channel, and the ridge sidewalls of the fourth ridge in the second set of ridges are gradually separated until they are transformed into partial sidewalls of the two side ports of the separation channel. Assuming that the ridge side wall of the third ridge is a first ridge side wall and a second ridge side wall respectively, and the ridge side wall of the fourth ridge is a third ridge side wall and a fourth ridge side wall respectively, at this time, the first ridge side wall and the third ridge side wall are combined together from the side surface of the straight opening to form the side wall of one side opening, and the second ridge side wall and the fourth ridge side wall are combined together from the side surface of the straight opening to form the side wall of the other side opening.

In an optional example, after the ridge pitch of the second set of ridges becomes the first threshold value, the first side surface and the second side surface of the separation channel are right-angled to turn into the side walls of the two side ports of the separation channel, wherein the longitudinal sections of the first side surface and the second side surface are L-shaped.

Specifically, as shown in fig. 4, in the present application, after the distance between the third ridge and the fourth ridge becomes the first threshold, the first side surface and the second side surface of the separation channel start to turn at a right angle, wherein the first side surface and the second side surface of the separation channel may start to turn at a right angle after a preset length is passed, so that the width and the length of the cross section of the lateral port after turning satisfy a second preset condition, for example: the converted side cross-section had a width and length of 1.56mm and a length of 5.9 mm.

In an alternative example, the matching channel smoothes the straight opening of the separation channel into a standard rectangular opening based on a stepped structure, wherein the broadside dimension of each step in the stepped structure satisfies chebyshev anti-impedance transformation. In addition, the matching channel is right-angled at the first position, and a step structure is arranged outside the turning, wherein the step structure is arranged along the width direction of the turning, as shown in fig. 6.

To sum up, the common port in the ultra-wideband ridge-added orthogonal mode coupler (OMT) in the present application adopts a 4-ridge structure, and the design of all ridge waveguides is adopted at the mode separation position; further, the double-ridge waveguide is transited to the non-standard rectangular waveguide near the straight port, and the non-standard rectangular waveguide is transited to the standard rectangular waveguide through step impedance matching; the two branch side ports are transited from the single ridge waveguide to the non-standard rectangular waveguide. The four-ridge structure enables an ultra-wideband ridge orthogonal mode coupler (OMT) to achieve wider working bandwidth and higher port isolation; the multi-octave is realized, the impedance matching is good, the isolation and the polarization purity are improved, and the processing difficulty is reduced.

In addition, the ultra-wideband-ridged orthogonal mode coupler (OMT) provided by the present application may be formed by splicing a plurality of components, that is, the plurality of components may be stacked and spliced to form the first channel.

It is worth noting that: each ridge in the ultra-wideband-ridge orthogonal mode coupler (OMT) is completely arranged on at least one component, wherein the step of completely arranging each ridge on at least one component means that: it is assumed that an ultra-wideband-ridged orthogonal-mode coupler (OMT) includes a first ridge, a second ridge, a third ridge, and a fourth ridge, where the first ridge is integrally disposed on one assembly, the second ridge is integrally disposed on one assembly, the third ridge is integrally disposed on one assembly, and the fourth ridge is integrally disposed on one assembly.

For example, the following steps are carried out: as shown in fig. 10 and 11, an ultra-wideband-ridged orthogonal mode coupler (OMT) is provided with three sets of components, and the three sets of components are sequentially stacked to form a separation channel, a combining channel, and a matching channel, wherein a first ridge and a second ridge are completely disposed on the components of a target set, and the components of the target set are positioned in the middle after the three sets of components are sequentially stacked. And this mode of setting up has avoided the combination gap between the subassembly to set up on the ridge roof beam, and leads to the unable sealed condition emergence of merging of gap on the ridge roof beam effectively. As shown in fig. 12, if the combined gap between the components is formed in the ridge beam, based on the internal cavity structure of the ultra-wideband-ridged orthogonal mode coupler (OMT), the ridge beam cannot be provided with a screw fastening component, so that the gap in the ridge beam cannot be effectively combined and sealed, and the reduction of the working stability of the ultra-wideband-ridged orthogonal mode coupler (OMT) is further affected.

It should be noted that: the target set of components may be two, for example: the target set of components includes a first component and a second component arranged side-by-side, wherein the first ridge is disposed on the first component and the second ridge is disposed on the second component, as shown in particular in fig. 13. In addition, the width of the target group in the stacking direction may be the ridge height, the width of the first side/the second side, or any value larger than the ridge height, which is not particularly limited in the present application.

In addition, in the case where an ultra wideband-ridged orthogonal mode coupler (OMT) is provided with three sets of components, the other sets of components than the target set are as shown in fig. 14 and 15.

In an optional example, in a case that the port shape of the common port does not match the port shape of the first antenna port, the ultra-wideband-ridged orthogonal mode coupler (OMT) further includes a port transition device, a third channel is disposed inside the port transition device, wherein a first transition port of the third channel is connected to the common port, and the port shape of the first transition port matches the port shape of the common port; a second transition port of the third channel is connected with a first antenna port of the radiation antenna, and the port shape of the second transition port is matched with the port shape of the first antenna port; and the third channel is used for smoothly transitioning the first transition port into the second transition port.

In another optional example, in a case that the port shape of the common port does not match the port shape of the first antenna port, the radiation antenna further includes a port transition device, which is provided with a third channel inside, wherein a first transition port of the third channel is connected to the common port of the ultra-wideband-ridged orthogonal mode coupler (OMT), and the port shape of the first transition port matches the port shape of the common port; a second transition port of the third channel is connected with the first antenna port, and the port shape of the second transition port is matched with the port shape of the first antenna port; and the third channel is used for smoothly transitioning the first transition port into the second transition port.

That is, under the condition that the port shape of the common port is not matched with the port shape of the first antenna port, the ultra-wideband-ridged orthogonal mode coupler (OMT) may include a port transition device, so that the common port of the ultra-wideband-ridged orthogonal mode coupler (OMT) may be smoothly transitioned into the port shape of the first antenna port of the radiation antenna, and then naturally connected with the first antenna port; the radiating antenna may also include a port transition device, so that the first antenna port of the radiating antenna may be smoothly transitioned into a port shape of a common port of an ultra wideband-ridged orthogonal mode coupler (OMT), and then naturally connected with the common port.

It should be noted that: the ultra wideband-ridged orthogonal mode coupler (OMT) comprises the same port transition means as the radiating antenna.

It should be noted that: in the present application, a common port of an ultra-wideband ridge orthogonal mode coupler (OMT) is a square port, and therefore, if a port shape of a first antenna port of a radiation antenna is not matched with the square port, a port transition device needs to be configured in the ultra-wideband ridge orthogonal mode coupler (OMT) or the radiation antenna.

For example, the following steps are carried out: the port of the first antenna port of the radiation antenna is in a shape of a four-ridge round port, at the moment, the port of the first transition port of the port transition device is in a shape of a four-ridge square port, and the four-ridge square port is matched with the port of the public port in shape; and the port shape of the second transition port of the port transition device is a four-ridge round port, and the four-ridge round port is matched with the port shape of the first antenna port, wherein the four-ridge round port is a port shape in which four ridges with square cross sections are uniformly arranged on the inner wall of a circular port, as shown in fig. 16 and 17.

For example, the following steps are carried out: the port of the first antenna port of the radiation antenna is in a square port without a ridge, the port of the port transition device is in a square port with four ridges, and the square port with four ridges is matched with the port of the public port in shape; and the port shape of the second transition port is a first square port, and the first square port is matched with the port shape of the first antenna port, wherein the first square port is a square port whose inner wall is not provided with a ridge, as shown in fig. 18 and 19.

For example, the following steps are carried out: the port shape of a first antenna port of the radiation antenna is a circular port without a ridge, at the moment, the port shape of a first transition port of the port transition device is a square port with four ridges, and the square port with four ridges is matched with the port shape of the public port; and the port shape of the second transition port of the port transition device is a first round port, and the first round port is matched with the port shape of the first antenna port, wherein the first round port is a round port without a ridge on the inner wall.

It should be noted that: the above content in the present application is only exemplary, and does not limit the port transition manner, for example: in the case where the first transition port is a square port and the second transition port is a generally round port, the transition path may be as shown in fig. 20, that is: the first transition port may be a square port with a smaller side length, a square port with a larger side length, a common round port, or the like, which is not specifically limited by the applicant.

In addition, the port transition device is provided with a first fixing part at the periphery of the first transition port, wherein the first fixing part is used for connecting the port transition device and the ultra wide band and ridge orthogonal mode coupler (OMT); and a second fixing portion is disposed on the periphery of the second transition port of the port transition device, and the second fixing portion is used for connecting the port transition device and the radiation antenna, as shown in fig. 16 and 18.

For example, the following steps are carried out: as shown in fig. 16 and 18, the outer periphery of the first transition port is expanded to form a first fixing portion in a platform shape, wherein the first fixing portion is provided with a screw hole; in addition, the ultra-wideband ridge orthogonal mode coupler (OMT) is also provided with a screw hole at the periphery of the public port, and the screw hole corresponds to the screw hole on the first fixing part; at the moment, the two screw holes are connected through the nut, so that the port transition device is fixed on an ultra wide band and ridge orthogonal mode coupler (OMT).

For the radiation antenna, it should be noted that:

the radiating antenna of the present application can be used in a variety of situations, for example: a four-ridge corrugated horn as shown in fig. 21, another four-ridge corrugated horn as shown in fig. 22, an open waveguide probe antenna body as shown in fig. 23 and 24, a dual-polarized conical horn as shown in fig. 25 and 26, and the like, which are not particularly limited in this application.

For the four-ridge corrugated horn shown in fig. 21, it should be noted that:

in an alternative example, as shown in fig. 27, the radiation antenna is divided into a transition portion and a bell-mouth surface portion along the transmission direction of electromagnetic waves, and the bell-mouth surface portion is provided with a plurality of grooves, wherein the grooves are concentric grooves provided on the top surface of the bell-mouth surface portion. Specifically, the plurality of concentric circular grooves are arranged on the periphery of the second antenna port at equal intervals.

For the four-ridge corrugated horn shown in fig. 22, it should be noted that:

in an alternative example, as shown in fig. 28, the radiation antenna is divided into a transition portion and a bellmouth face portion in the electromagnetic wave transmission direction, and the bellmouth face portion is provided with a plurality of grooves, wherein the grooves are annular grooves provided along an inner wall of the second passage of the bellmouth face portion. Specifically, the plurality of annular grooves are sequentially arranged on the inner wall of the second channel side by side along the transmission direction of the electromagnetic waves.

It should be noted that: the first antenna port is a port of the second channel away from a flared surface portion, and the second antenna port is a port of the second channel close to the flared surface portion; and the second channel located in the transition part is a first antenna channel, and the channel located in the horn mouth face part is a second antenna channel.

Further, for the four-ridge corrugated horn shown in fig. 21 and 22, it should be further explained that:

in an alternative example, the channel diameter of the first antenna channel remains constant/increases gradually and/or the channel diameter of the second antenna channel remains constant/increases gradually in the direction from the first antenna port to the second antenna port.

That is, the channel diameter of the first antenna channel gradually increases and the channel diameter of the second antenna channel also gradually increases in the direction from the transition portion to the flare face portion; the channel diameter of the first antenna channel gradually increases in the direction from the transition portion to the flare face portion, while the channel diameter of the second antenna channel remains unchanged; the channel diameter of the first antenna channel remains constant while the channel diameter of the second antenna channel gradually increases in the direction from the transition portion to the flare face portion; the channel diameter of the first antenna channel remains constant in the direction of the transition portion to the flared face portion, and the channel diameter of the second antenna channel also remains constant.

For example, the following steps are carried out: the channel diameter of the first antenna channel remains constant as shown in fig. 29, and the channel diameter of the first antenna channel gradually increases as shown in fig. 30; the channel diameter of the second antenna channel remains constant as shown in fig. 29 and the channel diameter of the third antenna channel gradually increases as shown in fig. 28.

It should be noted that: the gradual increase in the channel diameter of the first channel and the second channel means a linear increase.

In an optional example, a plurality of ridges with square cross sections are arranged in the first antenna channel side by side and at equal intervals, and the ridges arranged on the inner wall of the first antenna channel extend from the first antenna port to the inner wall of the first antenna channel; the number of the ridges is preferably four, and the ridges are uniformly arranged on the inner wall of the first channel; and in the direction from the first antenna port to the second antenna port, the ridge height of the ridge arranged on the inner wall of the first antenna channel is gradually reduced.

It should be noted that: the ridge height reduction mode may be linear reduction, may be curvilinear reduction, or may be linear and curvilinear combination reduction. For example, as shown in fig. 31 and 32, the ridges disposed on the inner wall of the first antenna channel are divided into a first stage, a second stage and a third stage, wherein the ridge height of the first stage is constant, the ridge height of the second stage is linearly decreased, and the ridge height of the third stage is decreased by a curve, and the curve is preferably a circular arc with a radius R (for example, a circular arc with a radius of 180 mm).

In an optional example, in a case that N ridges are disposed on the inner wall of the first antenna channel, N groups of first connectors are disposed on the transition portion of the radiation antenna, and a second connector is disposed on the bottom surface of the N ridges, wherein the first connectors and the second connectors are cooperatively disposed to fix the ridges on the inner wall of the first antenna channel.

For example, the following steps are carried out: as shown in fig. 33, the first connecting member may be a through hole provided on the transition portion, and the second connecting member may be a screw hole provided on the bottom surface of the ridge, at which time, a screw passes through the through hole to be connected with the screw hole, thereby fixing the ridge on the inner wall of the first passage; alternatively, the first and second connectors may be cooperating clamping connectors, by means of which the ridge is fixed to the inner wall of the first channel.

In an optional example, in a case that N ridges are provided on the inner wall of the first antenna channel, N positioning grooves are provided on the inner wall of the first antenna channel of the radiation antenna, wherein the positioning grooves and the ridges are provided in one-to-one correspondence, and are used for positioning the ridges into the positioning grooves.

For example, the following steps are carried out: as shown in fig. 30, 31, 32, at the position for mounting the ridge on the inner wall of the first channel, there is now provided a positioning groove. At this time, the ridge may be placed in the positioning groove so as to position-limit the ridge. It should be noted that: under the condition that the positioning groove is arranged on the inner wall of the transition part, the ridge height is still the height of the ridge side wall relative to the inner wall; that is, the ridge height does not include the height of the detent.

In an optional example, the radiation antenna further includes a third fixing portion, the third fixing portion is disposed on an outer periphery of the first antenna port, and a third connecting member for fixing the radiation antenna is disposed on the third fixing portion.

For example, the following steps are carried out: as shown in fig. 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, and 26, the outer wall of the transition portion is flared at an end away from the bellmouth surface to form a fixing portion, wherein a third connecting member (e.g., a plurality of through holes and a plurality of first aligning members) is disposed on the fixing portion, and the through holes on the fixing portion are disposed corresponding to the through holes on the ultra wideband-ridged orthogonal mode coupler (OMT)/port transition device, so as to connect the two through holes by a connecting member such as a screw, so that the radiating antenna is fixed on the ultra wideband-ridged orthogonal mode coupler (OMT)/port transition device; and the first alignment piece on the fixing part is arranged opposite to the second alignment piece on the ultra-wideband ridged orthogonal mode coupler (OMT)/port transition device, so that the first alignment piece is inserted into the second alignment piece/the first alignment piece is inserted into the second alignment piece, and the channel of the radiation antenna is connected with the channel of the ultra-wideband ridged orthogonal mode coupler (OMT)/port transition device in an alignment way.

To sum up, the radiation antenna that this application provided has solved the stable feed antenna's of beam width who covers 5G millimeter wave frequency channel technical problem among the prior art. The feed antenna with stable beam width capable of covering 5G millimeter wave frequency band is provided, and the radiation antenna (namely, the corrugated feed horn antenna) has the following characteristics: radiation pattern rotational symmetry, low cross polarization, and stable amplitude tapering in the operating band, which make the radiating antenna well suited for compact field testing, reflector antennas, and other applications.

For the examples provided in this application regarding the ultra-wideband-ridged orthogonal mode coupler (OMT) and the antenna system, it should be noted that: the examples may be combined with each other to obtain an ultra-wideband-ridged orthogonal mode coupler (OMT) provided by the present application, such as the ultra-wideband-ridged orthogonal mode coupler (OMT) and antenna system shown in fig. 34, including: the system comprises an ultra-wideband ridge orthogonal mode coupler (OMT) with four ridge waveguides, a dual-polarized conical horn (radiating antenna) and a port transition device arranged in the ultra-wideband ridge orthogonal mode coupler (OMT)/radiating antenna; for example, an ultra-wideband-ridged orthogonal mode coupler (OMT) and antenna system as shown in fig. 35 includes: the system comprises an ultra-wideband ridge orthogonal mode coupler (OMT) with four ridge waveguides, a dual-polarized open waveguide probe antenna body (radiation antenna), and a port transition device arranged in the ultra-wideband ridge orthogonal mode coupler (OMT)/radiation antenna; for example, an ultra-wideband-ridged orthogonal mode coupler (OMT) and antenna system as shown in fig. 36 includes: the system comprises an ultra-wideband ridge orthogonal mode coupler (OMT) with four ridge waveguides, a dual-polarized four-ridge corrugated horn (radiating antenna), and a port transition device arranged in the ultra-wideband ridge orthogonal mode coupler (OMT)/radiating antenna; for example, an ultra-wideband-ridged orthogonal mode coupler (OMT) and antenna system as shown in fig. 37, includes: the antenna comprises an ultra-wideband ridge orthogonal mode coupler (OMT) with four ridge waveguides, a dual-polarized four-ridge feed source (radiation antenna), and a port transition device arranged in the ultra-wideband ridge orthogonal mode coupler (OMT)/radiation antenna.

The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention, and various modifications and changes may be made by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

It is noted that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of example embodiments according to the present application. As used herein, the singular forms "a", "an" and "the" are intended to include the plural forms as well, and it should be understood that when the terms "comprises" and/or "comprising" are used in this specification, they specify the presence of stated features, steps, operations, devices, components, and/or combinations thereof, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise.

The relative arrangement of the components and steps, the numerical expressions and numerical values set forth in these embodiments do not limit the scope of the present invention unless specifically stated otherwise. Meanwhile, it should be understood that the sizes of the respective portions shown in the drawings are not drawn in an actual proportional relationship for the convenience of description. Techniques, methods, and apparatus known to those of ordinary skill in the relevant art may not be discussed in detail but are intended to be part of the specification where appropriate. In all examples shown and discussed herein, any particular value should be construed as merely illustrative, and not limiting. Thus, other examples of the exemplary embodiments may have different values. It should be noted that: like reference numbers and letters refer to like items in the following figures, and thus, once an item is defined in one figure, further discussion thereof is not required in subsequent figures.

In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the orientation or positional relationship indicated by the orientation words such as "front, rear, upper, lower, left, right", "lateral, vertical, horizontal" and "top, bottom", etc. are usually based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience of description and simplicity of description, and in the case of not making a reverse description, these orientation words do not indicate and imply that the device or element being referred to must have a specific orientation or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore, should not be considered as limiting the scope of the present invention; the terms "inner and outer" refer to the inner and outer relative to the profile of the respective component itself.

Spatially relative terms, such as "above … …," "above … …," "above … …," "above," and the like, may be used herein for ease of description to describe one device or feature's spatial relationship to another device or feature as illustrated in the figures. It will be understood that the spatially relative terms are intended to encompass different orientations of the device in use or operation in addition to the orientation depicted in the figures. For example, if a device in the figures is turned over, devices described as "above" or "on" other devices or configurations would then be oriented "below" or "under" the other devices or configurations. Thus, the exemplary term "above … …" can include both an orientation of "above … …" and "below … …". The device may be otherwise variously oriented (rotated 90 degrees or at other orientations) and the spatially relative descriptors used herein interpreted accordingly.

It should be noted that the terms "first", "second", and the like are used to define the components, and are only used for convenience of distinguishing the corresponding components, and the terms have no special meanings unless otherwise stated, and therefore, the scope of the present invention should not be construed as being limited.

Claims

1. An ultra-wideband ridged orthogonal mode coupler (OMT) and an antenna system, characterized in that the coupler (OMT) at least comprises an OMT (10) and a radiation antenna (20), wherein a first channel is arranged in the OMT (10), a second channel is arranged in the radiation antenna (20), and a common port (111) of the first channel is connected with a first antenna port (231) of the second channel; and a plurality of ridges with square cross sections are arranged in the first channel, and the ridges arranged in the first channel extend from the public port (111) to the inner wall of the first channel.

2. The ultra-wideband-ridged orthogonal-mode coupler (OMT) and antenna system according to claim 1, wherein the common port (111) of the first channel is a square port and four ridges are provided on four side walls of the square port, respectively.

3. The OMT and antenna system of claim 2, wherein the first channel is divided into a splitting channel, a combining channel, and a matching channel, the splitting channel having a common port (111) at one end and two side ports (112) and a straight port (113) at the other end; one end of the combining channel is connected with two side ports (112) of the separation channel, and the other end of the combining channel is a rectangular port; one end of the matching channel is connected with a straight port (113) of the separation channel, and the other end of the matching channel is a rectangular port;

the four ridges are divided into a first group of ridges (10a) and a second group of ridges (10b), wherein the first group of ridges (10a) are respectively positioned on a first side wall and a second side wall which are oppositely arranged on the separation channel and extend to the combining channel; the second set of ridges (10b) are located on a third and a fourth side wall, respectively, of the separation channel, which are arranged opposite each other.

4. The UWB-ridged orthogonal mode coupler (OMT) and antenna system according to claim 3, wherein the combining channel comprises a combining sub-channel (121), a first switching channel (122) and a second switching channel (123), a first end of the first switching channel (122) and a first end of the second switching channel (123) are respectively connected with the two side ports (112) of the separation channel, and a second end of the first switching channel (122) and a second end of the second switching channel (123) are both connected with the combining sub-channel (121);

wherein the first group of ridges (10a) gradually decrease in ridge height in the first transition channel (122) and the second transition channel (123), and the transition is gentle from a single ridge waveguide to a rectangular waveguide; and the combining sub-channel (121) is used for combining two paths of rectangular waveguides into one path of rectangular waveguide.

5. The UWB-ridged orthogonal mode coupler (OMT) and antenna system according to claim 4, wherein the first switching channel (122) is widened from a first preset position (141) in a direction from a first end to a second end of the first switching channel (122), wherein the widening widens a width of a ridged surface of the first switching channel (122); the second switching channel (123) is widened from a second preset position (142) in the direction from the first end to the second end of the second switching channel (123), wherein the widening is to widen the width of the surface of the second switching channel (123) provided with the ridge.

6. The ultra-wideband-ridged orthogonal-mode coupler (OMT) and antenna system of claim 3,

-said second set of ridges (10b) gradually increasing the ridge height from a third preset position (143) in a direction extending from said common port (111) towards the interior of said first channel until the ridge pitch of said second set of ridges (10b) becomes a first threshold value, wherein said first threshold value is the cross-sectional width of a through opening (113) of said separation channel; and/or the presence of a gas in the gas,

the second set of ridges (10b) gradually decreases in ridge width from a fourth preset position (144) in a direction extending from the common port (111) to the inside of the first channel until the ridge widths of the second set of ridges (10b) all become a second threshold value.

7. The UWB-plus-ridge orthogonal mode coupler (OMT) and antenna system of claim 6, wherein the separation channel starts to form two side ports (112) after a ridge pitch between the second set of ridges (10b) becomes a first threshold.

8. The UWB-ridged orthogonal mode coupler (OMT) and antenna system according to claim 7, wherein the ridge sidewalls of each ridge of the second set of ridges (10b) are gradually separated by a preset angle until a distance between the ridge sidewalls of each ridge becomes a third threshold value after a ridge pitch between the second set of ridges (10b) becomes a first threshold value; after the distance between the ridge sidewalls of each ridge becomes the third threshold, the ridge sidewalls are joined two by two, respectively, and become sidewalls of two side ports (112) of the separation channel.

9. The OMT and antenna system of claim 7, wherein the first and second sides of the separation channel are right angle turned to transition to the sidewalls of the two side ports (112) of the separation channel after the ridge pitch between the second set of ridges (10b) becomes the first threshold, wherein the first and second sides are L-shaped in longitudinal cross section.

10. The ultra-wideband ridged orthogonal-mode coupler (OMT) and antenna system according to claim 3, wherein said matching channel smoothes the straight opening (113) of the separation channel into standard rectangular openings based on a staircase structure, wherein the broadside dimensions of each step in the staircase structure meet the chebyshev anti-impedance transformation.

11. The OMT and antenna system according to claim 10, wherein the matching channel is right angle folded at a first position and a step structure (130) is provided outside the fold, wherein the step structure (130) is provided along the width of the fold.

12. The UWB-ridged orthogonal mode coupler (OMT) and antenna system of claim 3, wherein the UWB-ridged orthogonal mode coupler (OMT) (10) is comprised of a plurality of components, wherein the plurality of components are stacked to form the first channel, wherein each ridge is disposed entirely on any number of the components.

13. The OMT and antenna system according to claim 1, wherein in case the port shape of the common port (111) does not match the port shape of the first antenna port (231), the OMT (10) further comprises a port transition device (30), a third channel is provided inside the port transition device (30), wherein the first transition port (31) of the third channel is connected with the common port (111), and the port shape of the first transition port (31) matches the port shape of the common port (111); a second transition port (32) of the third channel is connected with the first antenna port (231), and the port shape of the second transition port (32) is matched with the port shape of the first antenna port (231); and the third channel is used for smoothly transitioning the first transition port (31) into the second transition port (32).

14. The OMT and antenna system according to claim 1, wherein in case the port shape of the common port (111) does not match the port shape of the first antenna port (231), the radiating antenna (20) further comprises a port transition device (30), a third channel is provided inside the port transition device (30), wherein the first transition port (31) of the third channel is connected with the common port (111), and the port shape of the first transition port (31) matches the port shape of the common port (111); a second transition port (32) of the third channel is connected with the first antenna port (231), and the port shape of the second transition port (32) is matched with the port shape of the first antenna port (231); and the third channel is used for smoothly transitioning the first transition port (31) into the second transition port (32).

15. The ultra-wideband-ridged orthogonal-mode coupler (OMT) and antenna system according to claim 13 or 14, wherein the port shape of said first transition port (31) is a square quadcridge port (311), and said square quadcridge port (311) matches the port shape of said common port (111); and the port shape of the second transition port (32) is a four-ridge round port (321), and the four-ridge round port (321) is matched with the port shape of the first antenna port (231), wherein the four-ridge round port (321) is a port shape in which four ridges with square cross sections are uniformly arranged on the inner wall of a circular port.

16. The ultra-wideband-ridged orthogonal-mode coupler (OMT) and antenna system according to claim 13 or 14, wherein the port shape of said first transition port (31) is a square quadcridge port (311), and said square quadcridge port (311) matches the port shape of said common port (111); and the port shape of the second transition port (32) is a first round port (322), and the first round port (322) matches the port shape of the first antenna port (231), wherein the first round port (322) is a circular port having no ridge on the inner wall.

17. The ultra-wideband-ridged orthogonal-mode coupler (OMT) and antenna system according to claim 13 or 14, wherein the port shape of said first transition port (31) is a square quadcridge port (311), and said square quadcridge port (311) matches the port shape of said common port (111); and the port shape of the second transition port (32) is a first square port (323), and the first square port (323) is matched with the port shape of the first antenna port (231), wherein the first square port (323) is a square port without a ridge on the inner wall.

18. The uwb-ridged orthogonal mode coupler (OMT) and antenna system according to claim 13 or 14, wherein the first transition port (31) is provided at its periphery with a first fixing portion (33), said first fixing portion (33) being adapted to connect said port transition device (30) and said uwb-ridged orthogonal mode coupler (OMT) (10); and/or a second fixing part (34) is arranged on the periphery of the second transition port, and the second fixing part (34) is used for connecting the port transition device (30) and the radiation antenna (20).

19. The OMT and antenna system of claim 1, wherein the radiating antenna (20) is divided into a transition portion (211) and a flared surface portion (212) along the transmission direction of electromagnetic waves, and the flared surface portion (212) is provided with a plurality of grooves, wherein the grooves are concentric circular grooves (221)/annular grooves (222), the concentric circular grooves (221) are disposed on the top surface of the flared surface portion (212), and the annular grooves (222) are disposed along the inner wall of the second channel of the flared surface portion (212).

20. The uwb-ridged orthogonal mode coupler (OMT) and antenna system according to claim 19, wherein in the case where the grooves are concentric grooves (221), the plurality of concentric grooves (221) are equally spaced around the outer periphery of the second antenna port (232); and, under the condition that the recess is annular groove (222), a plurality of annular grooves (222) set up side by side in proper order on the second passageway inner wall along the electromagnetic wave direction of transmission, wherein, first antenna port (231) are the port that the horn mouth face part (212) was kept away from to the second passageway, second antenna port (232) are the second passageway is close to the port of horn mouth face part (212).

21. The uwb-ridged orthogonal mode coupler (OMT) and antenna system according to claim 19, wherein the second channel located in the transition section (211) is a first antenna channel (241) and the channel located in the flared surface section (212) is a second antenna channel (242), wherein the channel diameter of the first antenna channel (241) is maintained constant/gradually increases and/or the channel diameter of the second antenna channel (242) is maintained constant/gradually increases in the direction from the first antenna port (231) to the second antenna port (232).

22. The OMT and antenna system according to claim 19, wherein the second channel in the transition section (211) is a first antenna channel (241) and the channel in the flared section (212) is a second antenna channel (242), wherein a plurality of ridges (250) having a square cross-section are provided side by side and at equal intervals in the first antenna channel (241), and the ridges (250) provided on the inner wall of the first antenna channel (241) extend from the first antenna port (231) to the inner wall of the first antenna channel (241).

23. The uwb-ridged orthogonal mode coupler (OMT) and antenna system according to claim 22, wherein the ridge height of the ridges (250) provided on the inner wall of the first antenna channel (241) is gradually decreased in the direction from the first antenna port (231) to the second antenna port (232).

24. The OMT and antenna system according to claim 23, wherein the ridge (250) provided on the inner wall of the first antenna channel (241) is divided into a first stage (250a), a second stage (250b) and a third stage (250c), wherein the ridge height of the first stage (250a) is constant, the ridge height of the second stage (250b) is reduced in linearity, and the ridge height curve of the third stage (250c) is reduced.

25. The OMT and antenna system according to claim 22, wherein N ridges (250) are provided on the inner wall of the first antenna channel (241), the transition portion (211) of the radiating antenna (20) is provided with N sets of first connectors (251), and the N ridges (250) are provided with second connectors (252) on the bottom surfaces thereof, wherein the first connectors (251) and the second connectors (252) are cooperatively arranged for fixing the ridges (250) to the inner wall of the first antenna channel (241).

26. The OMT and antenna system according to claim 22, wherein N positioning grooves (253) are provided on the inner wall of the first antenna channel (241) of the radiating antenna (20) in the case where N ridges (250) are provided on the inner wall of the first antenna channel (241), wherein the positioning grooves (253) are provided in a one-to-one correspondence with the ridges (250) for positioning the ridges (250) into the positioning grooves (253).

27. The OMT and antenna system according to any one of claims 19, wherein the radiating antenna (20) further comprises a third fastening portion (260), the third fastening portion (260) is disposed on the outer periphery of the first antenna port (231), and a third connector for fastening the radiating antenna (20) is disposed on the third fastening portion (260).