CN118249353B - Electric energy management topological structure based on primary energy conversion - Google Patents
Electric energy management topological structure based on primary energy conversion Download PDFInfo
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Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for AC mains or AC distribution networks
- H02J3/12—Circuit arrangements for AC mains or AC distribution networks for adjusting voltage in AC networks by changing a characteristic of the network load
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M5/00—Conversion of AC power input into AC power output, e.g. for change of voltage, for change of frequency, for change of number of phases
- H02M5/02—Conversion of AC power input into AC power output, e.g. for change of voltage, for change of frequency, for change of number of phases without intermediate conversion into DC
- H02M5/04—Conversion of AC power input into AC power output, e.g. for change of voltage, for change of frequency, for change of number of phases without intermediate conversion into DC by static converters
- H02M5/06—Conversion of AC power input into AC power output, e.g. for change of voltage, for change of frequency, for change of number of phases without intermediate conversion into DC by static converters using impedances
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M5/00—Conversion of AC power input into AC power output, e.g. for change of voltage, for change of frequency, for change of number of phases
- H02M5/02—Conversion of AC power input into AC power output, e.g. for change of voltage, for change of frequency, for change of number of phases without intermediate conversion into DC
- H02M5/04—Conversion of AC power input into AC power output, e.g. for change of voltage, for change of frequency, for change of number of phases without intermediate conversion into DC by static converters
- H02M5/22—Conversion of AC power input into AC power output, e.g. for change of voltage, for change of frequency, for change of number of phases without intermediate conversion into DC by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
- H02M5/275—Conversion of AC power input into AC power output, e.g. for change of voltage, for change of frequency, for change of number of phases without intermediate conversion into DC by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
- H02M5/293—Conversion of AC power input into AC power output, e.g. for change of voltage, for change of frequency, for change of number of phases without intermediate conversion into DC by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
- H02M5/2932—Conversion of AC power input into AC power output, e.g. for change of voltage, for change of frequency, for change of number of phases without intermediate conversion into DC by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only with automatic control of output voltage, current or power
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Abstract
Description
技术领域Technical Field
本发明涉及配网技术领域,尤其是涉及一种基于一级能量变换的电能治理拓扑结构。The present invention relates to the technical field of distribution networks, and in particular to an electric energy management topology structure based on primary energy conversion.
背景技术Background Art
配电网电源台区的电能质量会影响供电品质,低品质供电会导致电网电源线损增加、设备故障、停电事故等问题,同时影响用户的生产和生活。在一些供电区域,由于负荷的季节性和间歇性波动使变压器出口电压处于低电压状态,同时存在冲击性负荷加剧电压波动;线路末端存在较大负荷时,也会导致末端供电电压低的问题。特别是在山区及偏远地区,一些台区供电半径较长,末端供电电能质量差,供电可靠性低,一些新能源接入场合易引起高电压,以致经常出现供电电压较标准电压(220V)过高或过低的情况;过高或过低的电压都会导致用户的用电装备无法正常工作,对地区经济和社会安定造成很大影响。针对电网电源电压过高和过低的情况,有必要采取一定的措施进行改善。The power quality of the power supply area of the distribution network will affect the power supply quality. Low-quality power supply will lead to increased power line loss, equipment failure, power outage accidents and other problems, and affect the production and life of users. In some power supply areas, due to the seasonal and intermittent fluctuations of the load, the transformer outlet voltage is in a low voltage state, and the impact load exacerbates the voltage fluctuation; when there is a large load at the end of the line, it will also cause the problem of low terminal power supply voltage. Especially in mountainous and remote areas, some areas have a long power supply radius, poor power quality at the end of the power supply, and low power supply reliability. Some new energy access occasions are prone to high voltage, so that the power supply voltage is often too high or too low than the standard voltage (220V); too high or too low voltage will cause the user's electrical equipment to fail to work normally, which has a great impact on the regional economy and social stability. In view of the situation where the power supply voltage of the power grid is too high or too low, it is necessary to take certain measures to improve it.
发明内容Summary of the invention
为了解决上述技术问题或者至少部分地解决上述技术问题,本发明提供了一种基于一级能量变换的电能治理拓扑结构。In order to solve the above technical problems or at least partially solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides an electric energy management topology based on primary energy conversion.
本发明实施例提供的基于一级能量变换的电能治理拓扑结构,所述拓扑结构应用在供电回路中,所述供电回路为电网电源、负载以及连接所述电网电源和所述负载的两条连接线构成;所述拓扑结构包括脉冲控制器、电容和AC-AC模块,其中:The electric energy management topology structure based on primary energy conversion provided in an embodiment of the present invention is applied in a power supply circuit, wherein the power supply circuit is composed of a power grid, a load, and two connecting lines connecting the power grid and the load; the topology structure includes a pulse controller, a capacitor, and an AC-AC module, wherein:
所述电容设置在所述两条连接线中的第一连接线上;The capacitor is arranged on the first connecting line of the two connecting lines;
所述AC-AC模块包括第一开关单元、第二开关单元、第三开关单元、第四开关单元和电感;所述第一开关单元和所述第二开关单元串联形成第一桥臂,所述第一桥臂的一端与第一节点连接,所述第一桥臂的另一端与第二节点连接;所述第三开关单元和所述第四开关单元串联形成第二桥臂,所述第二桥臂的一端与第三节点连接,所述第二桥臂的另一端与所述第二节点连接;所述电感连接在第四节点和第五节点之间;其中,所述第一节点为所述第一连接线上所述电网电源和所述电容之间的节点,所述第二节点为所述两条连接线中的第二连接线上所述电网电源和所述负载之间的节点,所述第三节点为所述第一连接线上所述电容和所述负载之间的节点,所述第四节点为所述第一开关单元和所述第二开关单元的连接节点;所述第五节点为所述第三开关单元和所述第四开关单元之间的连接节点;The AC-AC module comprises a first switch unit, a second switch unit, a third switch unit, a fourth switch unit and an inductor; the first switch unit and the second switch unit are connected in series to form a first bridge arm, one end of the first bridge arm is connected to the first node, and the other end of the first bridge arm is connected to the second node; the third switch unit and the fourth switch unit are connected in series to form a second bridge arm, one end of the second bridge arm is connected to the third node, and the other end of the second bridge arm is connected to the second node; the inductor is connected between the fourth node and the fifth node; wherein the first node is a node between the grid power supply and the capacitor on the first connecting line, the second node is a node between the grid power supply and the load on the second connecting line of the two connecting lines, the third node is a node between the capacitor and the load on the first connecting line, and the fourth node is a connection node between the first switch unit and the second switch unit; the fifth node is a connection node between the third switch unit and the fourth switch unit;
所述脉冲控制器连接至所述第一开关单元、所述第二开关单元、所述第三开关单元和所述第四开关单元;所述脉冲控制器用于:在所述电网电源电压低于220v时,控制所述第一开关单元保持导通和所述第二开关单元保持关断,控制所述第三开关单元和所述第四开关单元中的每一个开关单元在导通和关断之间交替性切换,且在所述第三开关单元和所述第四开关单元中的一个开关单元导通时另一个开关单元关断,以使在所述电网电源电压低于220v时抬升输出至所述负载的电压;在所述电网电源电压高于220v时,控制所述第三开关单元保持导通和所述第四开关单元保持关断,控制所述第一开关单元和所述第二开关单元中的每一个开关单元在导通和关断之间交替性切换,且在所述第一开关单元和所述第二开关单元中的一个开关单元导通时另一个开关单元关断,以使在所述电网电源电压高于220v时降低输出至所述负载的电压。The pulse controller is connected to the first switch unit, the second switch unit, the third switch unit and the fourth switch unit; the pulse controller is used to: when the grid power supply voltage is lower than 220V, control the first switch unit to remain turned on and the second switch unit to remain turned off, control each of the third switch unit and the fourth switch unit to switch alternately between on and off, and when one of the third switch unit and the fourth switch unit is turned on, the other switch unit is turned off, so that when the grid power supply voltage is lower than 220V, the voltage output to the load is increased; when the grid power supply voltage is higher than 220V, control the third switch unit to remain turned on and the fourth switch unit to remain turned off, control each of the first switch unit and the second switch unit to switch alternately between on and off, and when one of the first switch unit and the second switch unit is turned on, the other switch unit is turned off, so that when the grid power supply voltage is higher than 220V, the voltage output to the load is reduced.
本发明实施例提供的基于一级能量变换的电能治理拓扑结构,在所述电网电源电压低于220v时,脉冲控制器控制所述第一开关单元保持导通和所述第二开关单元保持关断,控制所述第三开关单元和所述第四开关单元中的每一个开关单元在导通和关断之间交替性切换,且在所述第三开关单元和所述第四开关单元中的一个开关单元导通时另一个开关单元关断,以使在所述电网电源电压低于220v时抬升输出至所述负载的电压;在所述电网电源电压高于220v时,控制所述第三开关单元保持导通和所述第四开关单元保持关断,控制所述第一开关单元和所述第二开关单元中的每一个开关单元在导通和关断之间交替性切换,且在所述第一开关单元和所述第二开关单元中的一个开关单元导通时另一个开关单元关断,以使在所述电网电源电压高于220v时降低输出至所述负载的电压。从而改善电网电源为负载的输出电压低于220v或者高于220v所带来的各种问题。而且在本发明实施例中通过在供电回路中串联一个电容的方式,代替现有技术中的变压器结构,可以降低成本和提高效率。本发明实施例采用一级能量变换的AC-AC模块来代替现有技术中二级能量变换的AC/DC+DC/AC架构,可以节省成本。总之,本发明实施例提供的拓扑结构应用在提升或者降低电压时具有降低成本、提高效率的优势。In the power management topology structure based on primary energy conversion provided by the embodiment of the present invention, when the voltage of the power grid is lower than 220V, the pulse controller controls the first switch unit to remain on and the second switch unit to remain off, controls each of the third switch unit and the fourth switch unit to switch alternately between on and off, and when one of the third switch unit and the fourth switch unit is on, the other switch unit is off, so that when the voltage of the power grid is lower than 220V, the voltage output to the load is raised; when the voltage of the power grid is higher than 220V, the third switch unit is controlled to remain on and the fourth switch unit is controlled to remain off, controls each of the first switch unit and the second switch unit to switch alternately between on and off, and when one of the first switch unit and the second switch unit is on, the other switch unit is off, so that when the voltage of the power grid is higher than 220V, the voltage output to the load is reduced. Thereby, various problems caused by the output voltage of the power grid to the load being lower than 220V or higher than 220V are improved. Moreover, in the embodiment of the present invention, by connecting a capacitor in series in the power supply circuit to replace the transformer structure in the prior art, the cost can be reduced and the efficiency can be improved. The embodiment of the present invention adopts an AC-AC module of primary energy conversion to replace the AC/DC+DC/AC architecture of secondary energy conversion in the prior art, which can save costs. In short, the topological structure provided by the embodiment of the present invention has the advantages of reducing costs and improving efficiency when increasing or decreasing voltage.
附图说明BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
此处的附图被并入说明书中并构成本说明书的一部分,示出了符合本发明的实施例,并与说明书一起用于解释本发明的原理。The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments consistent with the invention and, together with the description, serve to explain the principles of the invention.
为了更清楚地说明本发明实施例或现有技术中的技术方案,下面将对实施例或现有技术描述中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍,显而易见地,对于本领域普通技术人员而言,在不付出创造性劳动性的前提下,还可以根据这些附图获得其他的附图。In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, for ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying any creative labor.
图1为本发明一个实施例中基于一级能量变换的电能治理拓扑结构在供电回路中的布局示意图;FIG1 is a schematic diagram of the layout of a power management topology structure based on primary energy conversion in a power supply circuit according to an embodiment of the present invention;
图2为本发明另一个实施例中基于一级能量变换的电能治理拓扑结构在供电回路中的布局示意图;FIG2 is a schematic diagram of the layout of an electric energy management topology structure based on primary energy conversion in a power supply circuit in another embodiment of the present invention;
图3为本发明一个实施例中基于一级能量变换的电能治理拓扑结构在供电回路中的结构框图;FIG3 is a structural block diagram of a power management topology structure based on primary energy conversion in a power supply circuit in one embodiment of the present invention;
图4为图3的一种具体拓扑结构的结构示意图;FIG4 is a schematic diagram of a specific topological structure of FIG3 ;
图5为图3的另一种具体拓扑结构的结构示意图;FIG5 is a schematic diagram of another specific topological structure of FIG3 ;
图6为本发明又一个实施例中基于一级能量变换的电能治理拓扑结构在供电回路中的布局示意图;FIG6 is a schematic diagram of the layout of an electric energy management topology structure based on primary energy conversion in a power supply circuit in another embodiment of the present invention;
图7为本发明一个实施例中基于一级能量变换的电能治理拓扑结构应用在三相系统中的整体示意图。FIG7 is an overall schematic diagram of an electric energy management topology structure based on primary energy conversion applied in a three-phase system in one embodiment of the present invention.
附图标记:D1-第一节点;D2-第二节点;D3-第三节点;D4-第四节点;D5-第五节点;D-1~D-28-二极管;T1~T12-三极管;L-电感;C-电容;Vga-三相系统中的第一个供电回路中的电网电源;Vgb-三相系统中的第二个供电回路中的电网电源;Vgc-三相系统中的第三个供电回路中的电网电源;Voa-三相系统中的第一个供电回路中的负载;Vob-三相系统中的第二个供电回路中的负载;Voc-三相系统中的第三个供电回路中的负载。Figure markings: D1-first node; D2-second node; D3-third node; D4-fourth node; D5-fifth node; D-1~D-28-diodes; T1~T12-transistors; L-inductor; C-capacitor; Vga-grid power supply in the first power supply circuit in the three-phase system; Vgb-grid power supply in the second power supply circuit in the three-phase system; Vgc-grid power supply in the third power supply circuit in the three-phase system; Voa-load in the first power supply circuit in the three-phase system; Vob-load in the second power supply circuit in the three-phase system; Voc-load in the third power supply circuit in the three-phase system.
具体实施方式DETAILED DESCRIPTION
为使本发明实施例的目的、技术方案和优点更加清楚,下面将结合本发明实施例中的附图,对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述,显然,所描述的实施例是本发明的一部分实施例,而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例,本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动的前提下所获得的所有其他实施例,都属于本发明保护的范围。In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solution in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.
本发明实施例提供一种基于一级能量变换的电能治理拓扑结构。参见图1~图3,所述拓扑结构应用在供电回路中,所述供电回路为电网电源、负载以及连接所述电网电源和所述负载的两条连接线构成;所述拓扑结构包括脉冲控制器、电容和AC-AC模块,其中:The embodiment of the present invention provides a power management topology based on primary energy conversion. Referring to Figures 1 to 3, the topology is applied in a power supply circuit, which is composed of a power grid power supply, a load, and two connecting lines connecting the power grid power supply and the load; the topology includes a pulse controller, a capacitor, and an AC-AC module, wherein:
所述电容设置在所述两条连接线中的第一连接线上;The capacitor is arranged on the first connecting line of the two connecting lines;
所述AC-AC模块包括第一开关单元、第二开关单元、第三开关单元、第四开关单元和电感;所述第一开关单元和所述第二开关单元串联形成第一桥臂,所述第一桥臂的一端与第一节点连接,所述第一桥臂的另一端与第二节点连接;所述第三开关单元和所述第四开关单元串联形成第二桥臂,所述第二桥臂的一端与第三节点连接,所述第二桥臂的另一端与所述第二节点连接;所述电感连接在第四节点和第五节点之间;其中,所述第一节点为所述第一连接线上所述电网电源和所述电容之间的节点,所述第二节点为所述两条连接线中的第二连接线上所述电网电源和所述负载之间的节点,所述第三节点为所述第一连接线上所述电容和所述负载之间的节点,所述第四节点为所述第一开关单元和所述第二开关单元的连接节点;所述第五节点为所述第三开关单元和所述第四开关单元之间的连接节点;The AC-AC module comprises a first switch unit, a second switch unit, a third switch unit, a fourth switch unit and an inductor; the first switch unit and the second switch unit are connected in series to form a first bridge arm, one end of the first bridge arm is connected to the first node, and the other end of the first bridge arm is connected to the second node; the third switch unit and the fourth switch unit are connected in series to form a second bridge arm, one end of the second bridge arm is connected to the third node, and the other end of the second bridge arm is connected to the second node; the inductor is connected between the fourth node and the fifth node; wherein the first node is a node between the grid power supply and the capacitor on the first connecting line, the second node is a node between the grid power supply and the load on the second connecting line of the two connecting lines, the third node is a node between the capacitor and the load on the first connecting line, and the fourth node is a connection node between the first switch unit and the second switch unit; the fifth node is a connection node between the third switch unit and the fourth switch unit;
所述脉冲控制器连接至所述第一开关单元、所述第二开关单元、所述第三开关单元和所述第四开关单元;所述脉冲控制器用于:在所述电网电源电压低于220v时,控制所述第一开关单元保持导通和所述第二开关单元保持关断,控制所述第三开关单元和所述第四开关单元中的每一个开关单元在导通和关断之间交替性切换,且在所述第三开关单元和所述第四开关单元中的一个开关单元导通时另一个开关单元关断,以使在所述电网电源电压低于220v时抬升输出至所述负载的电压;在所述电网电源电压高于220v时,控制所述第三开关单元保持导通和所述第四开关单元保持关断,控制所述第一开关单元和所述第二开关单元中的每一个开关单元在导通和关断之间交替性切换,且在所述第一开关单元和所述第二开关单元中的一个开关单元导通时另一个开关单元关断,以使在所述电网电源电压高于220v时降低输出至所述负载的电压。The pulse controller is connected to the first switch unit, the second switch unit, the third switch unit and the fourth switch unit; the pulse controller is used to: when the grid power supply voltage is lower than 220V, control the first switch unit to remain turned on and the second switch unit to remain turned off, control each of the third switch unit and the fourth switch unit to switch alternately between on and off, and when one of the third switch unit and the fourth switch unit is turned on, the other switch unit is turned off, so that when the grid power supply voltage is lower than 220V, the voltage output to the load is increased; when the grid power supply voltage is higher than 220V, control the third switch unit to remain turned on and the fourth switch unit to remain turned off, control each of the first switch unit and the second switch unit to switch alternately between on and off, and when one of the first switch unit and the second switch unit is turned on, the other switch unit is turned off, so that when the grid power supply voltage is higher than 220V, the voltage output to the load is reduced.
其中,两条供电线路包括第一供电线路和第二供电线路。电网电源、负载、第一供电线路和第二供电线路形成一个闭合回路,即供电回路。The two power supply lines include a first power supply line and a second power supply line. The grid power supply, the load, the first power supply line and the second power supply line form a closed loop, namely, a power supply loop.
其中,参见图1,第一供电线路可以为火线,第二供电线路为零线。当然,参见图2,第一供电线路也可以为零线,第二供电线路为火线。总之,一条供电线路为火线,另一条供电线路为零线。Wherein, referring to Fig. 1, the first power supply line can be a live line, and the second power supply line can be a neutral line. Of course, referring to Fig. 2, the first power supply line can also be a neutral line, and the second power supply line can be a live line. In short, one power supply line is a live line, and the other power supply line is a neutral line.
其中,基于一级能量变换的电能治理拓扑结构的应用场景为供电回路。Among them, the application scenario of the power management topology structure based on primary energy conversion is the power supply circuit.
其中,参见图3,基于一级能量变换的电能治理拓扑结构涉及到五个节点:第一节点D1、第二节点D2、第三节点D3、第四节点D4、第五节点D5。第一节点D1和第三节点D3位于第一供电线路上,第一节点D1与电容C的第一侧连接,电容C的第一侧为电容C靠近电网电源的一侧;第三节点D3与电容C的第二侧连接,电容C的第二侧为电容C靠近负载的一侧。第二节点D2位于第二供电线路上,第四节点D4位于第一开关单元和第二开关单元之间,第五节点D5位于第三开关单元和第四开关单元之间。Among them, referring to FIG3, the electric energy management topology structure based on the primary energy conversion involves five nodes: the first node D1, the second node D2, the third node D3, the fourth node D4, and the fifth node D5. The first node D1 and the third node D3 are located on the first power supply line, the first node D1 is connected to the first side of the capacitor C, and the first side of the capacitor C is the side of the capacitor C close to the power grid; the third node D3 is connected to the second side of the capacitor C, and the second side of the capacitor C is the side of the capacitor C close to the load. The second node D2 is located on the second power supply line, the fourth node D4 is located between the first switch unit and the second switch unit, and the fifth node D5 is located between the third switch unit and the fourth switch unit.
其中,AC-AC模块包括第一开关单元、第二开关单元、第三开关单元、第四开关单元和电感L,第一开关单元的第二开关单元串联,形成第一桥臂;第三开关单元和第四开关单元串联,形成第二桥臂。第一桥臂的一端连接第一节点,另一端连接第二节点。第二桥臂的一端连接第三节点,另一端连接第二节点。电感的一端连接第四节点,另一端连接第五节点。The AC-AC module includes a first switch unit, a second switch unit, a third switch unit, a fourth switch unit and an inductor L. The second switch unit of the first switch unit is connected in series to form a first bridge arm; the third switch unit and the fourth switch unit are connected in series to form a second bridge arm. One end of the first bridge arm is connected to the first node, and the other end is connected to the second node. One end of the second bridge arm is connected to the third node, and the other end is connected to the second node. One end of the inductor is connected to the fourth node, and the other end is connected to the fifth node.
其中,脉冲控制器分别与第一开关单元、第二开关单元、第三开关单元、第四开关单元连接,这样可以对四个开关单元的导通和关断进行控制。The pulse controller is connected to the first switch unit, the second switch unit, the third switch unit and the fourth switch unit respectively, so that the on and off of the four switch units can be controlled.
具体的,在电网电源电压低于220v时,控制第一开关单元保持导通状态,保持第二开关单元关断状态,然后周期性的控制第三开关单元和第四开关单元。在一个周期内,第三开关单元在时间比例a内是导通的,与此同时,第四开关单元在该时间比例a内是关断的;第三开关单元在时间比例1-a内是关断的,于此同时,第四开关单元在该时间比例1-a内是导通的。可见,第三开关单元和第四开关单元会在导通和关断两种状态间交替性的切换,而且第三开关单元和第四开关单元中的一个开关单元导通时,另一个开关单元是关断的,即两个开关单元的状态是不同的。Specifically, when the grid power supply voltage is lower than 220V, the first switch unit is controlled to remain in the on state, the second switch unit is kept in the off state, and then the third switch unit and the fourth switch unit are periodically controlled. In one cycle, the third switch unit is on within the time ratio a, and at the same time, the fourth switch unit is off within the time ratio a; the third switch unit is off within the time ratio 1-a, and at the same time, the fourth switch unit is on within the time ratio 1-a. It can be seen that the third switch unit and the fourth switch unit will switch alternately between the on and off states, and when one of the third and fourth switch units is on, the other switch unit is off, that is, the states of the two switch units are different.
在电网电源电压低于220v时,在一个周期内,存在两种工作模态:When the grid power supply voltage is lower than 220V, there are two working modes in one cycle:
工作模态1:第三开关单元关断且第四开关单元导通,整个拓扑结构存在两个通路:一个是电网电源-电容C-负载,是一个外环通路。另一个是电网电源-第一开关单元-电感L-第四开关单元-电网电源。此时电网电源给电感L充电蓄能,通过电容C给负载供电。Working mode 1: The third switch unit is turned off and the fourth switch unit is turned on. The entire topology has two paths: one is the grid power supply-capacitor C-load, which is an outer loop path. The other is the grid power supply-first switch unit-inductor L-fourth switch unit-grid power supply. At this time, the grid power supply charges the inductor L and supplies power to the load through the capacitor C.
工作模态2:第三开关单元导通且第四开关单元关断,整个拓扑结构仍然存在两个通路:一个是电网电源-电容C-负载,是一个外环通路。另一个是电网电源-第一开关单元-电感L-第三开关单元-负载;此时电感L释放能量给负载供电,并给电容C充电。Working mode 2: The third switch unit is turned on and the fourth switch unit is turned off. The entire topology still has two paths: one is the grid power supply-capacitor C-load, which is an outer loop path. The other is the grid power supply-first switch unit-inductor L-third switch unit-load; at this time, the inductor L releases energy to supply power to the load and charges the capacitor C.
通过调试一个周期内两种工作模态的时间比例,可以使得在所述电网电源电压低于220v时,输出至负载的电压内抬升,改善电网电源为负载的输出电压低于220v所带来的各种问题。By adjusting the time ratio of the two working modes within a cycle, when the grid power supply voltage is lower than 220V, the voltage output to the load can be raised, thereby improving various problems caused by the grid power supply output voltage to the load being lower than 220V.
具体的,在电网电源电压高于220v时,控制第三开关单元保持导通状态,保持第四开关单元关断状态,然后周期性的控制第一开关单元和第二开关单元。在一个周期内,第一开关单元在时间比例a内是导通的,与此同时,第二开关单元在该时间比例a内是关断的;第一开关单元在时间比例1-a内是关断的,于此同时,第二开关单元在该时间比例1-a内是导通的。可见,第一开关单元和第二开关单元会在导通和关断两种状态间交替性的切换,而且第一开关单元和第二开关单元中的一个开关单元导通时,另一个开关单元是关断的,即两个开关单元的状态是不同的。Specifically, when the grid power supply voltage is higher than 220V, the third switch unit is controlled to remain in the on state, the fourth switch unit is kept in the off state, and then the first switch unit and the second switch unit are periodically controlled. In one cycle, the first switch unit is on within the time ratio a, and at the same time, the second switch unit is off within the time ratio a; the first switch unit is off within the time ratio 1-a, and at the same time, the second switch unit is on within the time ratio 1-a. It can be seen that the first switch unit and the second switch unit will switch alternately between the on and off states, and when one of the first switch unit and the second switch unit is on, the other switch unit is off, that is, the states of the two switch units are different.
在电网电源电压高于220v时,在一个周期内,存在两种工作模态:When the grid power supply voltage is higher than 220V, there are two working modes in one cycle:
工作模态3:第一开关单元关断且第二开关单元导通,整个拓扑结构存在两个通路:一个是电网电源-电容C-负载,是一个外环通路。另一个是电网电源-电容-第三开关单元-电感-第二开关单元。此时电网电源给电感L充电蓄能,通过电容C给负载供电。Working mode 3: The first switch unit is turned off and the second switch unit is turned on. There are two paths in the entire topology: one is the grid power supply-capacitor C-load, which is an outer loop path. The other is the grid power supply-capacitor-third switch unit-inductor-second switch unit. At this time, the grid power supply charges the inductor L and supplies power to the load through the capacitor C.
工作模态4:第一开关单元导通且第二开关单元关断,整个拓扑结构仍然存在两个通路:一个是电网电源-电容C-负载,是一个外环通路。另一个是电网电源-第一开关单元-电感—第三开关单元-负载。此时电感L释放能量给负载供电,并给电容C充电。Working mode 4: The first switch unit is turned on and the second switch unit is turned off. The entire topology still has two paths: one is the grid power supply-capacitor C-load, which is an outer loop path. The other is the grid power supply-first switch unit-inductor-third switch unit-load. At this time, the inductor L releases energy to supply power to the load and charges the capacitor C.
通过调试一个周期内两种工作模态的时间比例,可以使得在所述电网电源电压高于220v时,降低输出至负载的电压内,改善电网电源为负载的输出电压高于220v所带来的各种问题。By adjusting the time ratio of the two working modes within a cycle, when the grid power supply voltage is higher than 220V, the voltage output to the load can be reduced, thereby improving various problems caused by the grid power supply output voltage to the load being higher than 220V.
在一个实施例中,参见图6,所述拓扑结构还可以包括设置在所述第一节点和所述第三节点之间的第五开关单元,所述第五开关单元包括并联的两个晶闸管,所述第五开关单元用于在所述电网电源电压正常时在所述脉冲控制器的控制下将所述AC-AC模块短路。In one embodiment, referring to FIG. 6 , the topological structure may further include a fifth switch unit disposed between the first node and the third node, the fifth switch unit including two thyristors connected in parallel, and the fifth switch unit being configured to short-circuit the AC-AC module under the control of the pulse controller when the grid power supply voltage is normal.
其中,两个晶闸管的方向相反。Among them, the directions of the two thyristors are opposite.
由于第一节点D1和第三节点D3位于电容C的两侧,因此第五开关单元也与电容C并联。第五开关单元也与脉冲控制器连接,脉冲控制器在电网电源的电压正常时,将整个AC-AC模块短路,从而电网电源仅仅通过外环通路为负载供电,就可以满足正常需求。Since the first node D1 and the third node D3 are located on both sides of the capacitor C, the fifth switch unit is also connected in parallel with the capacitor C. The fifth switch unit is also connected to the pulse controller, and the pulse controller short-circuits the entire AC-AC module when the voltage of the grid power supply is normal, so that the grid power supply only supplies power to the load through the outer loop path, which can meet normal needs.
可见,上述第五开关单元相当于一个旁路开关,不需要对电网电源的电压进行抬升或降低时,将AC-AC模块短路,以免产生不必要的损耗。It can be seen that the fifth switch unit is equivalent to a bypass switch. When there is no need to raise or lower the voltage of the grid power supply, the AC-AC module is short-circuited to avoid unnecessary losses.
在一个实施例中,参见图6,所述拓扑结构还可以包括设置在所述第一节点和所述第三节点之间的机械开关,所述机械开关用于在维修所述基于一级能量变换的电能治理拓扑结构时闭合。In one embodiment, referring to FIG. 6 , the topological structure may further include a mechanical switch disposed between the first node and the third node, wherein the mechanical switch is configured to be closed when the power management topological structure based on primary energy conversion is maintained.
也就是说,机械开关和电容C并联,当需要对基于一级能量变换的电能治理拓扑结构进行维修时,可以将机械开关闭合,方便人员维修。That is to say, the mechanical switch and capacitor C are connected in parallel. When the power management topology based on the primary energy conversion needs to be repaired, the mechanical switch can be closed to facilitate maintenance.
在一个实施例中,第一开关单元、第二开关单元、第三开关单元、第四开关单元的具体结构可以采用多种形式,而且四个开关单元可以采用相同的形式,也可以采用不同的形式。参见图4和图5,下面以第一供电线路为火线,第二供电线路为零线为基础,对四个开关单元的具体形式进行举例说明:In one embodiment, the specific structures of the first switch unit, the second switch unit, the third switch unit, and the fourth switch unit can adopt multiple forms, and the four switch units can adopt the same form or different forms. Referring to FIG. 4 and FIG. 5 , the specific forms of the four switch units are illustrated below based on the first power supply line being the live line and the second power supply line being the neutral line:
(1.1)所述第一开关单元包括第一三极管T1、第 二三极管T2、第一二极管D-1、第二二极管D-2;其中:所述第一三极管T1的发射极和所述第一二极管D-1的正极连接至所述第一节点,所述第二三极管T2的发射极和所述第二二极管D-2的正极连接所述第四节点;所述第一三极管T1的集电极、所述第一二极管D-1的负极、所述第二三极管T2的集电极和所述第二二极管D-2的负极连接,所述第一三极管T1的基极和所述第二三极管T2的基极连接至所述脉冲控制器;(1.1) The first switch unit includes a first transistor T1, a second transistor T2, a first diode D-1, and a second diode D-2; wherein: the emitter of the first transistor T1 and the anode of the first diode D-1 are connected to the first node, the emitter of the second transistor T2 and the anode of the second diode D-2 are connected to the fourth node; the collector of the first transistor T1, the cathode of the first diode D-1, the collector of the second transistor T2 and the cathode of the second diode D-2 are connected, and the base of the first transistor T1 and the base of the second transistor T2 are connected to the pulse controller;
(2.1)所述第二开关单元包括第三三极管T3、第四三极管T4、第三二极管D-3、第四二极管D-4;其中:所述第 三三极管T3的发射极和所述第三二极管D-3的正极连接至所述第四节点,所述第四三极管T4的发射极和所述第四二极管D-4的正极连接所述第二节点;所述第三三极管T3的集电极、所述第三二极管D-3的负极、所述第四三极管T4的集电极和所述第四二极管D-4的负极连接,所述第三三极管T3的基极和所述第四三极管T4的基极连接至所述脉冲控制器。(2.1) The second switch unit includes a third transistor T3, a fourth transistor T4, a third diode D-3, and a fourth diode D-4; wherein: the emitter of the third transistor T3 and the anode of the third diode D-3 are connected to the fourth node, the emitter of the fourth transistor T4 and the anode of the fourth diode D-4 are connected to the second node; the collector of the third transistor T3, the cathode of the third diode D-3, the collector of the fourth transistor T4 and the cathode of the fourth diode D-4 are connected, and the base of the third transistor T3 and the base of the fourth transistor T4 are connected to the pulse controller.
(3.1)所述第三开关单元包括第五三极管T5、第六三极管T6、第五二极管D-5、第六二极管D-6;其中:所述第五三极管T5的发射极和所述第五二极管D-5的正极连接至所述第三节点,所述第六三极管T6的发射极和所述第六二极管D-6的正极连接所述第五节点;所述第五三极管T5的集电极、所述第五二极管D-5的负极、所述第六三极管T6的集电极和所述第六二极管D-6的负极连接,所述第五三极管T5的基极和所述第六三极管T6的基极连接至所述脉冲控制器;(3.1) The third switch unit includes a fifth transistor T5, a sixth transistor T6, a fifth diode D-5, and a sixth diode D-6; wherein: the emitter of the fifth transistor T5 and the anode of the fifth diode D-5 are connected to the third node, the emitter of the sixth transistor T6 and the anode of the sixth diode D-6 are connected to the fifth node; the collector of the fifth transistor T5, the cathode of the fifth diode D-5, the collector of the sixth transistor T6 and the cathode of the sixth diode D-6 are connected, and the base of the fifth transistor T5 and the base of the sixth transistor T6 are connected to the pulse controller;
(4.1)所述第四开关单元包括第七三极管T7、第八三极管T8、第七二极管D-7、第八二极管D-8;其中:所述第七三极管T7的发射极和所述第七二极管D-7的正极连接至所述第五节点,所述第八三极管T8的发射极和所述第八二极管D-8的正极连接所述第二节点;所述第七三极管T7的集电极、所述第七二极管D-7的负极、所述第八三极管T8的集电极和所述第八二极管D-8的负极连接,所述第七三极管T7的基极和所述第八三极管T8的基极连接至所述脉冲控制器。(4.1) The fourth switch unit includes a seventh transistor T7, an eighth transistor T8, a seventh diode D-7, and an eighth diode D-8; wherein: the emitter of the seventh transistor T7 and the anode of the seventh diode D-7 are connected to the fifth node, the emitter of the eighth transistor T8 and the anode of the eighth diode D-8 are connected to the second node; the collector of the seventh transistor T7, the cathode of the seventh diode D-7, the collector of the eighth transistor T8 and the cathode of the eighth diode D-8 are connected, and the base of the seventh transistor T7 and the base of the eighth transistor T8 are connected to the pulse controller.
(1.2)所述第一开关单元包括:第九三极管T9、第九二极管D-9、第十二极管D-10、第十一二极管D-11、第十二二极管D-12和第十三二极管D-13,其中:所述第九二极管D-9的负极和所述第十二极管D-10的正极连接至所述第一节点,所述第九二极管D-9的正极、所述第九三极管T9的发射极、所述第十一二极管D-11的正极和所述第十三二极管D-13的正极连接,所述第十二极管D-10的负极、所述第九三极管T9的集电极、所述第十二二极管D-12的负极和所述第十三二极管D-13的负极连接,所述第十一二极管D-11的负极和所述第十二二极管D-12的正极连接至所述第四节点,所述第九三极管T9的基极连接至所述脉冲控制器;(1.2) The first switch unit includes: a ninth transistor T9, a ninth diode D-9, a tenth diode D-10, an eleventh diode D-11, a twelfth diode D-12 and a thirteenth diode D-13, wherein: the cathode of the ninth diode D-9 and the anode of the tenth diode D-10 are connected to the first node, the anode of the ninth diode D-9, the emitter of the ninth transistor T9, the anode of the eleventh diode D-11 and the anode of the thirteenth diode D-13 are connected, the cathode of the tenth diode D-10, the collector of the ninth transistor T9, the cathode of the twelfth diode D-12 and the cathode of the thirteenth diode D-13 are connected, the cathode of the eleventh diode D-11 and the anode of the twelfth diode D-12 are connected to the fourth node, and the base of the ninth transistor T9 is connected to the pulse controller;
(2.2)所述第二开关单元包括:第十三极管T10、第十四二极管D-14、第十五二极管D-15、第十六二极管D-16、第十七二极管D-17和第十八二极管D-18,其中:所述第十四二极管D-14的负极和所述第十五二极管D-15的正极连接至所述第四节点,所述第十四二极管D-14的正极、所述第十三极管T10的发射极、所述第十六二极管D-16的正极和所述第十八二极管D-18的正极连接,所述第十五二极管D-15的负极、所述第十三极管T10的集电极、所述第十七二极管D-17的负极和所述第十八二极管D-18的负极连接,所述第十六二极管D-16的负极和所述第十七二极管D-17的正极连接至所述第二节点,所述第十三极管T10的基极连接至所述脉冲控制器。(2.2) The second switch unit includes: a triode T10, a fourteenth diode D-14, a fifteenth diode D-15, a sixteenth diode D-16, a seventeenth diode D-17 and an eighteenth diode D-18, wherein: the cathode of the fourteenth diode D-14 and the anode of the fifteenth diode D-15 are connected to the fourth node, the anode of the fourteenth diode D-14, the emitter of the triode T10, the anode of the sixteenth diode D-16 and the anode of the eighteenth diode D-18 are connected, the cathode of the fifteenth diode D-15, the collector of the triode T10, the cathode of the seventeenth diode D-17 and the cathode of the eighteenth diode D-18 are connected, the cathode of the sixteenth diode D-16 and the anode of the seventeenth diode D-17 are connected to the second node, and the base of the triode T10 is connected to the pulse controller.
(3.2)所述第三开关单元包括:第十一三极管T11、第十九二极管D-19、第二十二极管D-20、第二十一二极管D-21、第二十二二极管D-22和第二十三二极管D-23,其中:所述第十九二极管D-19的负极和所述第二十二极管D-20的正极连接至所述第三节点,所述第十九二极管D-19的正极、所述第十一三极管T11的发射极、所述第二十一二极管D-21的正极和所述第二十三二极管D-23的正极连接,所述第二十二极管D-20的负极、所述第十一三极管T11的集电极、所述第二十二二极管D-22的负极和所述第二十三二极管D-23的负极连接,所述第二十一二极管D-21的负极和所述第二十二二极管D-22的正极连接至第五节点,所述第十一三极管T11的基极连接至所述脉冲控制器;(3.2) The third switch unit includes: an eleventh transistor T11, a nineteenth diode D-19, a twentieth diode D-20, a twenty-first diode D-21, a twenty-second diode D-22 and a twenty-third diode D-23, wherein: the cathode of the nineteenth diode D-19 and the anode of the twentieth diode D-20 are connected to the third node, the anode of the nineteenth diode D-19, the emitter of the eleventh transistor T11, the anode of the twenty-first diode D-21 and the anode of the twenty-third diode D-23 are connected, the cathode of the twentieth diode D-20, the collector of the eleventh transistor T11, the cathode of the twenty-second diode D-22 and the cathode of the twenty-third diode D-23 are connected, the cathode of the twenty-first diode D-21 and the anode of the twenty-second diode D-22 are connected to the fifth node, and the base of the eleventh transistor T11 is connected to the pulse controller;
(4.2)所述第四开关单元包括:第十二三极管T12、第二十四二极管D-24、第二十五二极管D-25、第二十六二极管D-26、第二十七二极管D-27和第二十八二极管D-28,其中:所述第二十四二极管D-24的负极和所述第二十五二极管D-25的正极连接至所述第五节点,所述第二十四二极管D-24的正极、所述第十二三极管T12的发射极、所述第二十六二极管D-26的正极和所述第二十八二极管D-28的正极连接,所述第二十五二极管D-25的负极、所述第十二三极管T12的集电极、所述第二十七二极管D-27的负极和所述第二十八二极管D-28的负极连接,所述第二十六二极管D-26的负极和所述第二十七二极管D-27的正极连接至所述第二节点,所述第十二三极管T12的基极连接至所述脉冲控制器。(4.2) The fourth switch unit includes: a twelfth transistor T12, a twenty-fourth diode D-24, a twenty-fifth diode D-25, a twenty-sixth diode D-26, a twenty-seventh diode D-27 and a twenty-eighth diode D-28, wherein: the cathode of the twenty-fourth diode D-24 and the anode of the twenty-fifth diode D-25 are connected to the fifth node, the anode of the twenty-fourth diode D-24, the emitter of the twelfth transistor T12, the anode of the twenty-sixth diode D-26 and the anode of the twenty-eighth diode D-28 are connected, the cathode of the twenty-fifth diode D-25, the collector of the twelfth transistor T12, the cathode of the twenty-seventh diode D-27 and the cathode of the twenty-eighth diode D-28 are connected, the cathode of the twenty-sixth diode D-26 and the anode of the twenty-seventh diode D-27 are connected to the second node, and the base of the twelfth transistor T12 is connected to the pulse controller.
在一个实施例中,在三相系统中包括三个所述供电回路,三个所述供电回路中的三个电网电源对应三相电源,各个所述供电回路的零线连接。In one embodiment, the three-phase system includes three power supply circuits, the three grid power supplies in the three power supply circuits correspond to three-phase power supplies, and the neutral lines of the respective power supply circuits are connected.
参见图7,三相系统中的三个供电回路中的三个电网电源分别为Vga、Vgb、Vgc,三个负载分别为Voa、Vob、Voc,三个供电回路的零线连接在一起。Referring to FIG. 7 , the three grid power supplies in the three power supply circuits in the three-phase system are Vga, Vgb, and Vgc, respectively, the three loads are Voa, Vob, and Voc, respectively, and the neutral lines of the three power supply circuits are connected together.
其中,本发明实施例中通过在供电回路中串联一个电容的方式,作为一种无变压器结构,相对于现有技术中的变压器方式,降低了成本。In the embodiment of the present invention, a capacitor is connected in series in the power supply loop to form a transformer-free structure, which reduces the cost compared with the transformer method in the prior art.
其中,本发明实施例中通过一级能量变换的AC-AC模块,相对于现有技术中的二级能量变换的AC/DC+DC/AC架构,可以降低成本。Among them, the AC-AC module of the first-stage energy conversion in the embodiment of the present invention can reduce the cost compared with the AC/DC+DC/AC architecture of the second-stage energy conversion in the prior art.
其中,本发明实施例中通过脉冲控制器对各个开关单元进行控制,保证了交流输出的平滑性,实现了标准交流电压的输出,提高了波形质量,同时兼顾了谐振治理等功能。Among them, in the embodiment of the present invention, each switch unit is controlled by a pulse controller, which ensures the smoothness of the AC output, realizes the output of standard AC voltage, improves the waveform quality, and takes into account the functions of resonance control.
可见,本发明实施例提供的基于一级能量变换的电能治理拓扑结构的结构非常简单,容易控制,而且不需要变压器,且采用了一级能量变换的AC-AC模块,相对于现有技术节省了器件数量,降低了成本,减小了占用体积,提高了效率。It can be seen that the electric energy management topology structure based on primary energy conversion provided by the embodiment of the present invention is very simple and easy to control, and does not require a transformer. It also adopts an AC-AC module with primary energy conversion, which saves the number of devices, reduces costs, reduces the occupied volume, and improves efficiency compared to the prior art.
以上所述的具体实施方式,对本发明的目的、技术方案和有益效果进行了进一步详细说明,所应理解的是,以上所述仅为本发明的具体实施方式而已,并不用于限定本发明的保护范围,凡在本发明的技术方案的基础之上,所做的任何修改、等同替换、改进等,均应包括在本发明的保护范围之内。The specific implementation methods described above further illustrate the objectives, technical solutions and beneficial effects of the present invention in detail. It should be understood that the above description is only a specific implementation method of the present invention and is not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made on the basis of the technical solution of the present invention should be included in the scope of protection of the present invention.
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