CN118204182B - Low-temperature crushing and recycling device and method for waste lithium batteries - Google Patents
Low-temperature crushing and recycling device and method for waste lithium batteries Download PDFInfo
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- CN118204182B CN118204182B CN202410624941.6A CN202410624941A CN118204182B CN 118204182 B CN118204182 B CN 118204182B CN 202410624941 A CN202410624941 A CN 202410624941A CN 118204182 B CN118204182 B CN 118204182B
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- waste lithium
- lithium batteries
- air
- feeding
- crushing
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- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium Chemical compound [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 92
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 92
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 85
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 16
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 15
- 239000011261 inert gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 47
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 8
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 abstract description 8
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 8
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000004880 explosion Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000005457 optimization Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000012634 fragment Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002912 waste gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000284 extract Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007885 magnetic separation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003446 memory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012216 screening Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
- B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
- B02C23/00—Auxiliary methods or auxiliary devices or accessories specially adapted for crushing or disintegrating not provided for in preceding groups or not specially adapted to apparatus covered by a single preceding group
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/54—Reclaiming serviceable parts of waste accumulators
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Food Science & Technology (AREA)
- Secondary Cells (AREA)
- Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a low-temperature crushing and recycling device and method for waste lithium batteries, wherein the device comprises a crushing box, a feeding barrel and a feeding assembly, the feeding assembly comprises an I-shaped feeding block and a first air cylinder, the I-shaped feeding block consists of a bearing block, a sealing block and a hollow connecting rod, a cavity is formed in the sealing block, the first air cylinder drives the I-shaped feeding block to move downwards in the feeding barrel, the waste lithium batteries are rapidly cooled by low-temperature inert gas sprayed out from a nozzle position, and the inert gas collects air into the cavity through an opening of the hollow connecting rod. The fixed volume of bearing space between the I-shaped feed blocks that sets up makes the air ration get into, and nozzle spun low temperature inert gas can be with the old and useless lithium cell quick cooling with the air upper exhaust in, utilize the upper exhaust air method to discharge the air into the cavity, avoid the air to get into to the broken incasement when the feed, need not to consider the broken influence of oxygen content.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of lithium battery recovery, and particularly relates to a low-temperature crushing recovery device for waste lithium batteries and a working method of the low-temperature crushing recovery device for the waste lithium batteries.
Background
The lithium battery is widely applied to daily life because of the advantages of high energy density, large working voltage, no memory effect, long cycle life and the like. However, after the lithium battery is scrapped, certain harm is often brought to the environment and human health, and resource waste is caused; when the waste lithium batteries are recovered, the waste lithium batteries are firstly crushed into smaller fragments by a crushing recovery device, and then the fragments of the batteries are separated into different components by using technologies such as magnetic separation, screening, density separation and the like and are respectively treated.
When the waste lithium batteries are crushed, the waste lithium batteries are required to be subjected to the process of being sealed in a container containing inert gas so as to reduce the oxygen concentration and avoid the combustion or explosion of the waste lithium batteries in the process of crushing, and air is inevitably brought in when the waste lithium batteries are fed, so that the internal oxygen concentration is required to be paid attention to at any time, and if the waste lithium batteries are not timely treated or the oxygen concentration in partial areas is too high, the combustion or explosion condition of the waste lithium batteries can be caused.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problem that in the prior art, when feeding, air is brought in to influence the oxygen concentration to cause the combustion or explosion of the waste lithium battery, the invention provides the following technical scheme:
Waste lithium battery low temperature breakage recovery unit includes: the feeding device comprises a crushing box, a feeding barrel and a feeding assembly, wherein one end of the feeding barrel extends into the crushing box, nozzles are arranged on two sides of one section of the feeding barrel, which is positioned in the crushing box, and are connected with external inert gas supply equipment through pipelines, the feeding assembly comprises an I-shaped feeding block and a first cylinder, piston rings are fixedly connected to the surfaces of two ends of the I-shaped feeding block, and the first cylinder drives the I-shaped feeding block to reciprocate in the vertical direction;
The I-shaped feeding block consists of a bearing block, a sealing block and a hollow connecting rod, wherein a through opening is formed in one end of the hollow connecting rod, a cavity is formed in the sealing block, and the cavity is communicated with the outside through the through opening of the hollow connecting rod;
The first cylinder drives the I-shaped feeding block to move downwards in the feeding cylinder, the waste lithium batteries are rapidly cooled by the low-temperature inert gas sprayed out from the nozzle position, the density of the inert gas is higher than that of air, the inert gas is collected into the cavity through the hollow connecting rod through the opening until the bearing block leaves the feeding cylinder, so that the waste lithium batteries enter the crushing box for crushing.
As the preference of above-mentioned technical scheme, the feed subassembly still includes the extraction piece, the extraction piece is used for discharging into the cavity fast in the air, the extraction piece includes movable rod, piston plate and second cylinder, the second cylinder is installed at the sealing block top, the piston plate cup joints at the movable rod top, movable rod one end runs through hollow connecting rod and extends to the loading block inside, movable rod middle part one section surface is provided with sealing portion, the second cylinder drives the piston plate through the movable rod and reciprocates in order to accelerate the speed that the air current got into the cavity, until the movable rod drives sealing portion and removes to the cavity port and seal the cavity.
As the preference of above-mentioned technical scheme, the feed subassembly still includes the unloading spare, the unloading spare is located the loading shoe, the unloading spare includes lifting block and a plurality of coaxial removal lantern ring that sets up, the lifting block cup joints in the removal pole outside, and a plurality of remove the lantern ring is increased by interior outside diameter and height in proper order, remove lantern ring surface circumference and be provided with a plurality of catch bars.
As the optimization of the technical scheme, the end part of the pushing rod is rotatably inserted with a rolling ball, and the top of the rolling ball is flush with the surface of the bearing block.
As the optimization of the technical scheme, the bearing blocks are respectively provided with an external air channel and an internal air channel at two sides of the cavity, the external air channel is connected with a first hose through a valve body, and the internal air channel is connected with a second hose through the valve body.
As a preferable mode of the above technical solution, the first hose and the second hose are all provided in a folded shape, and the first hose and the second hose are respectively connected with the corresponding external air extraction device.
As a preferable mode of the technical scheme, an exhaust pipe is arranged at the top of the crushing box and is used for exhausting harmful gases.
As the optimization of the technical scheme, the bottom of the crushing box is provided with the discharging pipe, and the discharging pipe is used for discharging crushed waste lithium batteries out of the crushing box.
As the optimization of the technical scheme, the crushing module is arranged in the crushing box and used for crushing the waste lithium batteries.
The working method of the low-temperature crushing and recycling device for the waste lithium batteries comprises the following steps of,
S1, putting waste lithium batteries to be crushed;
Placing the waste lithium batteries on the bearing blocks from the opening position of the feeding cylinder, and then starting the first cylinder to drive the I-shaped feeding block and the waste lithium batteries to move downwards;
S2, performing low-temperature treatment on the waste lithium batteries;
after the bottom of the sealing block leaves the opening position of the feeding cylinder, the external inert gas supply equipment sprays low-temperature inert gas from the nozzle to quickly cool the waste lithium batteries;
s3, exhausting air;
the air is discharged into the cavity upwards by the inert gas with the density larger than that of the air, and the pumping piece works to accelerate the upward discharging speed of the air and seal the cavity before the bearing block leaves;
S4, feeding and crushing;
after the bearing block leaves the feeding barrel, the waste lithium batteries on the bearing block fall into the crushing box to be crushed, then the first cylinder drives the I-shaped feeding block to reset to continue the next feeding work, and various crushed scraps are taken out to be subjected to subsequent treatment.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows:
1. The volume of the bearing space between the H-shaped feeding blocks is fixed, so that air quantitatively enters, the low-temperature inert gas sprayed out of the nozzles can discharge air upwards while rapidly cooling the waste lithium batteries, the air is discharged into the cavity by using an upper air discharge method, the air can be prevented from entering the crushing box during feeding, the influence of oxygen content on the crushing of the lithium batteries is not required to be considered, and the combustion or explosion condition of the waste lithium batteries is avoided;
2. the arranged extraction piece can accelerate the speed of air entering the cavity, and the port of the cavity is closed after the air is extracted, so that the air is prevented from flowing out of the cavity and entering the crushing box in the feeding process;
3. The extracting piece is utilized to provide power for the blanking piece, the movable lantern ring in the bearing block sequentially moves upwards from inside to outside to extend the pushing rod, the pushing rod sequentially extends from inside to outside to push the waste lithium batteries away from the bearing block and drop the waste lithium batteries into the crushing box, friction between the waste lithium batteries and the bearing block is reduced, and the waste lithium batteries are convenient to be blanked;
4. After the air and part of inert gas in the cavity are led into the external gas channel, the extracting piece can work for the second time to pump most of the inert gas in the bearing space into the cavity, and most of the inert gas in the bearing space can be collected through the internal gas channel, so that the overflow condition of the inert gas is reduced, and the pollution of the inert gas to the working area is reduced.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view showing the overall structure of an embodiment;
FIG. 2 is a schematic illustration of the installation of an example I-shaped feedblock;
FIG. 3 illustrates a front cross-sectional view of an example manifold block;
FIG. 4 illustrates a first state diagram for an example I-shaped feedblock;
FIG. 5 illustrates a second state diagram for the manifold block of the embodiment;
Fig. 6 shows a second state diagram of the blanking member in the embodiment.
In the figure: 10. a crushing box; 11. an exhaust pipe; 12. a discharge pipe; 20. a feeding cylinder; 30. a feed assembly; 31. a bearing block; 32. a sealing block; 33. a cavity; 341. a moving rod; 342. a piston plate; 343. a second cylinder; 344. a sealing part; 35. a blanking member; 351. a lifting block; 352. moving the collar; 353. a push rod; 354. a rolling ball; 36. a hollow connecting rod; 361. a through opening; 37. piston rings; 38. a first cylinder; 41. an external gas passage; 42. a first hose; 43. an internal gas passage; 44. a second hose; 50. and (3) a nozzle.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention more apparent, the technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the embodiments and the accompanying drawings.
Examples
In fig. 1 to 5, the waste lithium battery low-temperature crushing and recycling device comprises: the crushing box 10, the feeding cylinder 20 and the feeding assembly 30, wherein one end of the feeding cylinder 20 extends into the crushing box 10, nozzles 50 are arranged on two sides of one section of the feeding cylinder 20 positioned in the crushing box 10, the nozzles 50 are connected with external inert gas supply equipment through pipelines, the feeding assembly 30 comprises an I-shaped feeding block and a first cylinder 38, piston rings 37 are fixedly connected to the surfaces of two ends of the I-shaped feeding block, and the first cylinder 38 drives the I-shaped feeding block to reciprocate in the vertical direction;
The I-shaped feeding block consists of a bearing block 31, a sealing block 32 and a hollow connecting rod 36, wherein a through opening 361 is formed in one end of the hollow connecting rod 36, a cavity 33 is formed in the sealing block 32, and the cavity 33 is communicated with the outside through the through opening 361 of the hollow connecting rod 36;
The first cylinder 38 drives the h-shaped feeding block to move downwards in the feeding cylinder 20, the waste lithium batteries are rapidly cooled by the low-temperature inert gas sprayed out from the nozzle 50, the density of the inert gas is higher than that of the air, and the inert gas is collected into the cavity 33 through the opening 361 of the hollow connecting rod 36 until the bearing block 31 leaves the feeding cylinder 20, so that the waste lithium batteries enter the crushing box 10 for crushing.
When the waste lithium batteries are crushed, a plurality of waste lithium batteries are placed on the bearing block 31 from the discharging hole of the feeding barrel 20, then the first cylinder 38 is started to drive the I-shaped feeding block and the waste lithium batteries to move downwards, after the bearing block 31 moves to the bottom of the nozzle 50, the I-shaped feeding block reaches a first state, the external inert gas supply equipment ejects low-temperature inert gas from the nozzle 50, the waste lithium batteries between the bearing block 31 and the sealing block 32 are quickly cooled, the inert gas discharges air into the cavity 33 upwards because the density of the inert gas is higher than that of the air, the pumping part accelerates the upper discharging speed of the air and closes the cavity 33 before the bearing block 31 leaves, then the operation is stopped from the nozzle 50, after the bearing block 31 leaves the feeding barrel 20, the I-shaped feeding block reaches a second state, the waste lithium batteries on the bearing block 31 fall into the crushing box 10 to be crushed, then the first cylinder 38 drives the I-shaped feeding block to reset to continue the next operation, and various scraps after the crushing are taken out are subjected to subsequent treatment.
The fixed volume of bearing space between the I-shaped feed blocks that sets up makes the air ration get into, and nozzle 50 spun low temperature inert gas can be with the old and useless lithium cell quick cooling with the air upper exhaust in, utilize the upper exhaust air method to discharge the air into cavity 33, can avoid the air to get into in the broken case 10 when the feed, need not to consider the influence of oxygen content to the lithium cell breakage to avoid old and useless lithium cell to appear burning or explosion situation.
The working method of the low-temperature crushing and recycling device for the waste lithium batteries comprises the following steps of,
S1, putting waste lithium batteries to be crushed;
placing the waste lithium batteries on the bearing blocks 31 from the opening position of the feeding cylinder 20, and then starting the first cylinder 38 to drive the I-shaped feeding block and the waste lithium batteries to move downwards;
S2, performing low-temperature treatment on the waste lithium batteries;
after the bottom of the sealing block 32 leaves the opening position of the feeding barrel 20, the external inert gas supply equipment sprays low-temperature inert gas from the nozzle 50 to quickly cool the waste lithium batteries;
s3, exhausting air;
The air is discharged upwards into the cavity 33 by the inert gas with a density greater than that of the air, and the pumping part works to accelerate the upward discharging speed of the air and seal the cavity 33 before the bearing block 31 leaves;
S4, feeding and crushing;
After the bearing block 31 leaves the feeding barrel 20, the waste lithium batteries on the bearing block 31 fall into the crushing box 10 to be crushed, then the first cylinder 38 drives the I-shaped feeding block to reset to continue the next feeding work, and various crushed scraps are taken out to be subjected to subsequent treatment.
In the technical scheme, the characteristic that the density of inert gas is greater than that of air is utilized, and the air is discharged into the cavity 33 from the bearing space between the H-shaped feeding blocks by using an upper air discharge method, so that the air is removed, and the phenomenon that the crushing treatment of the waste lithium batteries is influenced by the too high oxygen content is avoided.
In fig. 3-5, the feeding assembly 30 further includes an extracting member, the extracting member is used for rapidly discharging air into the cavity 33, the extracting member includes a moving rod 341, a piston plate 342, and a second air cylinder 343, the second air cylinder 343 is mounted at the top of the sealing block 32, the piston plate 342 is sleeved at the top of the moving rod 341, one end of the moving rod 341 extends to the inside of the bearing block 31 through the hollow connecting rod 36, a sealing part 344 is disposed on a surface of a middle part of the moving rod 341, and the second air cylinder 343 drives the piston plate 342 to move upwards through the moving rod 341 to accelerate the speed of air flowing into the cavity 33 until the moving rod 341 drives the sealing part 344 to move to a port of the cavity 33 to seal the cavity 33.
When the I-shaped feeding block reaches the first state, the external inert gas supply device ejects the low-temperature inert gas from the nozzle 50, after a period of time, the second cylinder 343 is started to move the movable rod 341 and the piston plate 342 upwards, the piston plate 342 draws the air discharged upwards to enable the air to quickly enter the cavity 33 through the through opening 361 of the connecting rod, and then the movable rod 341 drives the sealing part 344 to move to the port of the cavity 33 to seal the cavity 33.
The provided extraction member can accelerate the speed of air entering the cavity 33 and close the port of the cavity 33 after the air is extracted, so that the air is prevented from flowing out of the cavity 33 into the crushing box 10 in the feeding process.
In fig. 3-6, the feeding assembly 30 further includes a blanking member 35, the blanking member 35 is located in the bearing block 31, the blanking member 35 includes a lifting block 351 and a plurality of coaxially disposed moving collars 352, the lifting block 351 is sleeved outside the moving rod 341, the moving collars 352 sequentially increase in diameter and height from inside to outside, and a plurality of pushing rods 353 are circumferentially disposed on the surface of the moving collars 352.
When the piston plate 342 extracts air, the connecting rod moves inside the lifting block 351, after the connecting rod moves to the top of the lifting block 351, the lifting block 351 is driven to move upwards, the innermost movable lantern ring 352 is pushed upwards when the lifting block 351 moves, at the moment, the waste lithium batteries are pushed by the upward movement of the plurality of pushing rods 353 on the corresponding innermost movable lantern ring 352, the waste lithium batteries relatively move so that the cooling effect is better, after the I-shaped feeding block reaches the second state, the extracting piece continues to work, the connecting rod continuously drives the lifting block 351 to move upwards, as the plurality of movable lantern rings 352 are sequentially increased in inner and outer diameters and heights, the movable lantern rings 352 are sequentially contacted and move upwards from the inner and outer positions, the pushing rods 353 at the top are sequentially lowered from the highest position from the inner and outer positions, so that the waste lithium batteries are pushed away from the bearing block 31 and drop into the crushing box 10, and in the moving process of the connecting rod, the sealing part 344 is always positioned at the port of the cavity 33 to seal the cavity 33.
The extracting part is utilized to provide power for the blanking part 35, the movable lantern ring 352 inside the bearing block 31 sequentially moves upwards from inside to outside to extend the pushing rod 353, the pushing rod 353 sequentially extends from inside to outside to push the waste lithium batteries away from the bearing block 31 and drop into the crushing box 10, friction between the waste lithium batteries and the bearing block 31 is reduced, and the waste lithium batteries are conveniently blanked.
In fig. 6, the end of the pushing rod 353 is rotatably inserted with a rolling ball 354, and the top of the rolling ball 354 is flush with the surface of the bearing block 31.
When the pushing rod 353 moves upwards, the rolling ball 354 is contacted with the surface of the waste lithium battery, so that the sliding friction between the pushing rod 353 and the waste lithium battery is converted into rolling friction, and the waste lithium battery can fall off more conveniently.
In fig. 3-5, the two sides of the cavity 33 of the bearing block 31 are respectively provided with an external air channel 41 and an internal air channel 43, the external air channel 41 is connected with a first hose 42 through a valve body, and the internal air channel 43 is connected with a second hose 44 through the valve body.
After feeding, the valve body corresponding to the external air channel 41 is opened, then the external air extractor corresponding to the first hose 42 works, air and part of inert gas in the cavity 33 leave along the external air channel 41, when the first cylinder 38 drives the H-shaped feeding block to reset, the extracting part is reset to reset the blanking part 35, after the bearing block 31 enters the upper charging barrel 20, the extracting part is reset and performs extracting work again, the extracting part can pump most of inert gas in the bearing space into the cavity 33, then the valve body corresponding to the internal air channel 43 is opened, inert gas is pumped out and collected and stored corresponding to the external air extractor corresponding to the second hose 44, so that overflow of inert gas is reduced, and after the H-shaped feeding block is completely reset, the extracting part is reset and waits for next feeding work.
After the air and part of the inert gas in the cavity 33 flow from the external gas channel 41, the extracting member can work for the second time to pump most of the inert gas in the bearing space into the cavity 33, and most of the inert gas in the bearing space can be collected through the internal gas channel 43, so that the overflow condition of the inert gas is reduced, and the pollution of the inert gas to the working area is reduced.
In fig. 2, the first hose 42 and the second hose 44 are all folded, and the first hose 42 and the second hose 44 are respectively connected with corresponding external air suction devices.
The first and second hoses 42 and 44 provided in a folded shape can satisfy the displacement variation of the feeding block in the shape of an i to ensure the sealing effect of the first and second hoses 42 and 44.
In fig. 1, an exhaust pipe 11 is arranged at the top of the crushing box, and the exhaust pipe 11 is used for exhausting harmful gases.
The bottom of the crushing box 10 is provided with a discharging pipe 12, and the discharging pipe 12 is used for discharging crushed waste lithium batteries out of the crushing box 10.
The crushing box 10 is internally provided with a crushing module for crushing waste lithium batteries.
After the waste lithium batteries enter the crushing box 10, the crushing module crushes the waste lithium batteries, the generated waste gas is discharged from the exhaust pipe 11, and after the waste lithium batteries are crushed, the waste gas is discharged through the discharge pipe 12 for subsequent treatment.
The above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical solution of the present invention, and are not limiting.
Claims (10)
1. Waste lithium battery low temperature breakage recovery unit, its characterized in that includes:
The crushing device comprises a crushing box (10), wherein a feeding barrel (20) which is communicated and is provided with an opening on the side face is arranged at the top of the crushing box (10), nozzles (50) are arranged on two sides of the bottom of the feeding barrel (20), and the nozzles (50) are connected with external inert gas supply equipment through pipelines;
the feeding assembly (30), the feeding assembly (30) is arranged in the upper charging barrel (20) in a lifting manner, the feeding assembly (30) comprises bearing blocks (31) and sealing blocks (32) which are arranged at intervals along the lifting direction, the bearing blocks (31) and the sealing blocks (32) are connected through hollow connecting rods (36), piston rings (37) which are in sealing fit with the inner wall of the upper charging barrel (20) are arranged on the surfaces of the bearing blocks (31) and the sealing blocks (32), a cavity (33) is formed in the sealing blocks (32) and communicated with the hollow connecting rods (36), and through openings (361) are formed in the side walls of the hollow connecting rods (36);
An extracting piece (34) is arranged in the cavity (33), the extracting piece (34) comprises a movable rod (341) which is arranged in the cavity (33) in a lifting mode, a piston plate (342) which is in sealing fit with the inner wall of the cavity (33) is arranged at the upper end of the movable rod (341), the lower end of the movable rod (341) extends to the inside of the bearing block (31), and a sealing part (344) which is in sealing fit with a port of the cavity (33) is arranged on one section of surface of the movable rod (341);
The feeding assembly (30) moves downwards to drive the waste lithium batteries on the bearing blocks (31) to pass through the nozzle (50), the nozzle (50) is opened at the opening position of the sealing block (32) leaving the feeding cylinder (20) and is closed at the position of the sealing block (32) entering the nozzle (50), the sprayed low-temperature inert gas rapidly cools the waste lithium batteries, the inert gas density is higher than that of the air, the air is discharged upwards and collected into the cavity (33) through the through opening (361), meanwhile, the moving rod (341) drives the piston plate (342) to move upwards to accelerate the speed of the air flow entering the cavity (33), and the waste lithium batteries are fed into the crushing box (10) after the bearing blocks (31) leave the feeding cylinder (20).
2. The low-temperature crushing and recycling device for waste lithium batteries according to claim 1, wherein the feeding assembly (30) further comprises a first air cylinder (38) and a second air cylinder (343), the first air cylinder (38) is installed at the top of the upper charging barrel (20), the output end of the first air cylinder (38) is fixedly connected with the sealing block (32), the second air cylinder (343) is installed at the top of the sealing block (32), and the output end of the second air cylinder (343) is fixedly connected with the piston plate (342).
3. The low-temperature crushing and recycling device for waste lithium batteries according to claim 1, wherein the feeding assembly (30) further comprises a blanking member (35), the blanking member (35) is located in the bearing block (31), the blanking member (35) comprises a lifting block (351) and a plurality of coaxially arranged movable collars (352), the lifting block (351) is sleeved outside the movable bars (341), the movable collars (352) are sequentially increased in inner diameter and outer diameter and in height, and a plurality of pushing bars (353) are circumferentially arranged on the surface of the movable collars (352).
4. The low-temperature crushing and recycling device for waste lithium batteries according to claim 3, wherein the end part of the pushing rod (353) is rotatably inserted with a rolling ball (354), and the top of the rolling ball (354) is flush with the surface of the bearing block (31).
5. The low-temperature crushing and recycling device for waste lithium batteries according to claim 1, wherein the bearing block (31) is provided with an external gas channel (41) and an internal gas channel (43) respectively at two sides of the cavity (33), the external gas channel (41) is connected with a first hose (42) through a valve body, and the internal gas channel (43) is connected with a second hose (44) through the valve body.
6. The low-temperature crushing and recycling device for waste lithium batteries according to claim 5, wherein the first hose (42) and the second hose (44) are all arranged in a folded shape, and the first hose (42) and the second hose (44) are respectively connected with corresponding external air suction devices.
7. The low-temperature crushing and recycling device for waste lithium batteries according to claim 1, wherein an exhaust pipe (11) is arranged at the top of the crushing box (10), and the exhaust pipe (11) is used for exhausting harmful gases.
8. The low-temperature crushing and recycling device for waste lithium batteries according to claim 1, wherein a discharging pipe (12) is arranged at the bottom of the crushing box (10), and the discharging pipe (12) is used for discharging crushed waste lithium batteries out of the crushing box (10).
9. The low-temperature crushing and recycling device for waste lithium batteries according to claim 1, wherein a crushing module is arranged inside the crushing box (10) and is used for crushing the waste lithium batteries.
10. The working method of the low-temperature crushing and recycling device for waste lithium batteries according to any one of the claims 1 to 9, comprising the following steps,
S1, putting waste lithium batteries to be crushed;
Placing the waste lithium batteries on the bearing blocks (31) from the opening position of the feeding cylinder (20), and then starting the first cylinder (38) to drive the I-shaped feeding block and the waste lithium batteries to move downwards;
S2, performing low-temperature treatment on the waste lithium batteries;
After the bottom of the sealing block (32) leaves the opening position of the feeding cylinder (20), the external inert gas supply equipment sprays low-temperature inert gas from the nozzle (50) to quickly cool the waste lithium batteries;
s3, exhausting air;
The air is discharged into the cavity (33) upwards by the inert gas with the density greater than that of the air, and the pumping piece (34) works to accelerate the upward discharging speed of the air and seal the cavity (33) before the bearing block (31) leaves;
S4, feeding and crushing;
After the bearing block (31) leaves the feeding barrel (20), waste lithium batteries on the bearing block (31) fall into the crushing box (10) to be crushed, then the first cylinder (38) drives the I-shaped feeding block to reset to continue the next feeding work, and various crushed scraps are taken out to be subjected to subsequent treatment.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202410624941.6A CN118204182B (en) | 2024-05-20 | 2024-05-20 | Low-temperature crushing and recycling device and method for waste lithium batteries |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202410624941.6A CN118204182B (en) | 2024-05-20 | 2024-05-20 | Low-temperature crushing and recycling device and method for waste lithium batteries |
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| CN118204182B true CN118204182B (en) | 2024-07-26 |
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN115722309A (en) * | 2022-11-24 | 2023-03-03 | 四川中科贝特纳米科技有限公司 | Crushing apparatus with inert gas protection |
| CN117497897A (en) * | 2023-11-13 | 2024-02-02 | 中南大学 | Safe discharge device and method for waste lithium ion battery |
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