CN115275412A - Waste power battery discharging method and device - Google Patents
Waste power battery discharging method and device Download PDFInfo
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- CN115275412A CN115275412A CN202210923507.9A CN202210923507A CN115275412A CN 115275412 A CN115275412 A CN 115275412A CN 202210923507 A CN202210923507 A CN 202210923507A CN 115275412 A CN115275412 A CN 115275412A
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- battery
- pressure
- waste power
- storage space
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/54—Reclaiming serviceable parts of waste accumulators
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
- H01M10/44—Methods for charging or discharging
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
- Y02W30/84—Recycling of batteries or fuel cells
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- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
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- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Primary Cells (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a waste power battery discharging method and device, and relates to the field of batteries. The waste power battery discharging method comprises the following steps: placing the battery in a safe environment; the application of pressure destroys the internal structure of the cell, so that the cell is short-circuited to discharge. The waste power battery discharging method provided by the invention has the characteristics of high discharging speed, thorough discharging, easiness in operation and wide applicability.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of batteries, in particular to a waste power battery discharging method and device.
Background
The waste power battery is generally subjected to a discharge treatment before entering a regeneration cycle.
At present, the commonly adopted discharge modes in the market comprise electrolyte aqueous solution discharge, solid conductor discharge, external circuit discharge and acupuncture discharge, the discharge speed of the electrolyte aqueous solution discharge is low, and the soaking is usually required for 48 hours; the adoption of powdery or granular solid conductor discharge or external circuit discharge easily causes a certain degree of electric quantity rebound after discharge, and the discharge is not thorough; the operation difficulty is high by adopting the acupuncture discharge, and the weak position of the shell can be punctured. In addition, the above-mentioned various methods are not applicable to a battery in which an internal flow path is not conducted due to an accident, and normal discharge cannot be realized.
Therefore, a discharge method having the characteristics of fast discharge speed, thorough discharge, easy operation and wide applicability is needed.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a waste power battery discharging method which has the characteristics of high discharging speed, thorough discharging, easiness in operation and wide applicability.
The invention also aims to provide a waste power battery discharging device which has the characteristics of high discharging speed, thorough discharging, easiness in operation and wide applicability.
The invention provides a technical scheme that:
a waste power battery discharging method comprises the following steps:
placing the battery in a safe environment;
applying pressure destroys the internal structure of the battery to short-circuit discharge the battery.
Further, the step of placing the battery in a safe environment includes:
and placing the battery in an underwater environment with a preset depth from the water surface.
Further, the preset depth is greater than or equal to 30 centimeters.
Further, the step of applying pressure to destroy the internal structure of the battery to short-circuit discharge the battery comprises:
opposite acting forces are applied to the battery for a preset time period from two opposite sides of the battery in the water depth direction.
Further, the step of placing the battery in a safe environment includes:
placing the cell in an environment surrounded by an inert gas, or,
the cell was placed in a vacuum environment.
Further, after the step of applying pressure to destroy the internal structure of the battery so as to short-circuit and discharge the battery, the method further comprises the following steps:
collecting gases and/or heat released by the cell.
The invention also provides a waste power battery discharging device which comprises a pressure device, a pressing piece and a pressure-bearing water tank, wherein the pressure-bearing water tank is enclosed to form a water storage space for containing water, and the bottom wall of the water storage space is used for bearing a battery;
the pressure device is connected with the pressing and holding piece and used for driving the pressing and holding piece to stretch into the water storage space and press and hold the internal structure of the battery to be damaged so as to enable the battery to be discharged in a short circuit mode.
Further, the pressure-bearing water tank comprises a tank body and a hollow liner, the tank body encloses the water storage space, and the hollow liner is used for bearing the battery and driving the battery to enter or exit the water storage space under the action of external force.
Further, the waste power battery discharging device further comprises an air extracting device, and an air extracting end of the air extracting device is communicated with the pressure-bearing water tank and used for extracting gas above the water surface of the water storage space.
Furthermore, the waste power battery discharging device further comprises a rack, the pressure device and the pressure-bearing water tank are arranged on the rack, the pressure device is located vertically above the pressure-bearing water tank, an opening of the water storage space is vertically upward, and the pressure device is used for driving the pressing piece to vertically extend downwards into the water storage space.
Compared with the prior art, the waste power battery discharging method provided by the invention has the advantages that the pressure action is applied to the battery in the safe environment to destroy the internal structure of the battery, so that the positive electrode and the negative electrode of the battery are internally short-circuited, and the discharge is realized. Therefore, the waste power battery discharging method provided by the invention has the beneficial effects that: the method has the characteristics of high discharge speed, thorough discharge, easy operation and wide applicability.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings required in the embodiments will be briefly described below. It is appreciated that the following drawings depict only certain embodiments of the invention and are therefore not to be considered limiting of its scope. For a person skilled in the art, it is possible to derive other relevant figures from these figures without inventive effort.
Fig. 1 is a flow chart of a method for discharging waste power batteries according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a waste power battery discharging device according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the structure of the holding member of FIG. 2;
fig. 4 is a schematic structural view of the pressure-bearing water tank in fig. 2.
Icon: 100-a discharge device of waste power batteries; 110-a pressure device; 120-a holding member; 121-a connection platform; 122-hollow-out columns; 123-a pressure plate; 130-a pressure-bearing water tank; 131-a box body; 132-openwork lining; 140-a rack.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. It is to be understood that the embodiments described are only a few embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. The components of embodiments of the present invention generally described and illustrated in the figures herein may be arranged and designed in a wide variety of different configurations.
Thus, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention, presented in the figures, is not intended to limit the scope of the invention, as claimed, but is merely representative of selected embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments, which can be obtained by a person skilled in the art without inventive step based on the embodiments of the present invention, are within the scope of protection of the present invention.
It should be noted that: like reference numbers and letters refer to like items in the following figures, and thus, once an item is defined in one figure, it need not be further defined and explained in subsequent figures.
In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "upper", "lower", "inside", "outside", "left", "right", and the like, indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, or the orientations or positional relationships that the products of the present invention are conventionally placed in use, or the orientations or positional relationships that are conventionally understood by those skilled in the art, and are used for convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, but do not indicate or imply that the devices or elements referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed in a specific orientation, and be operated, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention.
Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and the like are used solely to distinguish one from another, and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.
In the description of the present invention, it is also to be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly stated or limited, the terms "disposed" and "connected" are to be interpreted broadly, and for example, "connected" may be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; can be mechanically or electrically connected; the connection may be direct or indirect via an intermediate medium, and may be a communication between the two elements. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific situations by those of ordinary skill in the art.
The following describes in detail embodiments of the present invention with reference to the drawings.
Examples
Referring to fig. 1, fig. 1 is a flow chart of a method for discharging a waste power battery provided in this embodiment, where the method for discharging a waste power battery includes:
step S101, the battery is placed in a safe environment.
In the embodiment, the safe environment refers to an underwater environment, and when the battery is pressurized and broken subsequently, the current sharply increases to generate a large amount of heat when the battery is in a short circuit, so that the temperature rapidly rises, and combustible substances such as electrolyte, plastic membranes and the like in the battery can be ignited to a certain degree, and even other combustible substances in the environment can be ignited. Therefore, the batteries are put under water for pressure crushing for safety, and although a short circuit of the batteries releases a large amount of heat, since the whole batteries are surrounded by water, the temperature rise of combustible materials is suppressed and the heat is rapidly dispersed.
In addition, in consideration of the fact that when the battery is crushed under pressure, gas may be generated inside the battery to cause a small explosion, and a part of substances may be splashed around, and in order to avoid splashing of such substances out of the water surface, in the embodiment, the safe environment is preferably an underwater environment with a distance from the water surface of not less than 30 cm. The battery is placed under water below 30 cm, even if splashes towards the water surface occur, the splashes are blocked by water pressure with the depth of 30 cm, the splashing speed is rapidly reduced, and the battery cannot successfully fly out of the water surface, and even if the battery flies out of the water surface, the temperature of the battery is sufficiently reduced, so that the battery cannot ignite the external environment.
In other embodiments, the safe environment may be adjusted according to the actual application conditions or the type of the battery, for example, water in this embodiment may be replaced with another heat exchange solution, the safe environment may be a sealed space surrounded by an inert gas, or a vacuum environment.
Further, the waste power battery discharging method can further comprise the following steps:
and step S102, applying pressure to destroy the internal structure of the battery so as to enable the battery to be discharged in a short circuit mode.
After the battery is placed in an environment below 30 cm underwater, the battery is extended into the underwater through a pressure device to exert pressure on the battery, so that the battery is broken in the environment below 30 cm underwater.
In order to prevent excessive spatter from splashing toward the water surface when the battery is broken under water, in the present embodiment, the battery is acted by opposite sides of the battery in the water depth direction. It is understood that since the battery is subjected to pressure on both the upper and lower sides in the water depth direction, the battery is broken to open substantially laterally, and most of the generated splashes are splashed in a direction away from the water surface.
To further prevent splatter from flying out of the water, the contact surface of the pressure device that contacts the side of the battery near the water surface is selected to completely cover the battery during actual operation, thereby providing a positive barrier to upward splatter generated by the battery.
In order to ensure complete discharge, the pressure device is inserted into the water and applies pressure to the battery, and then the pressure action is maintained for a preset time to ensure complete discharge of the battery, wherein the preset time is preferably 3 minutes in the embodiment. In other embodiments, the preset duration may be adaptively adjusted according to the remaining capacity of the battery and the pressure.
When enough pressure is applied to the battery, the plastic diaphragm inside the battery is caused to form a short circuit at multiple points, so that the discharge speed is obviously improved compared with other discharge modes on the market. In addition, compared with other discharging modes on the market, the battery directly destroys the internal structure of the battery, can realize thorough discharging, and does not bounce.
Moreover, the discharge operation is not limited to the number of the batteries, and by adapting the pressure device and the bearing surface, uniform discharge of ultra-large batches of batteries can be theoretically realized, so that the production efficiency is greatly improved. Moreover, no matter what size and model of the battery and what form the battery presents at present, no matter what the discharge object is a battery pack, a module or a single body, the discharge object can be directly put into the water tank without preprocessing, and pressure is applied to the discharge object to achieve the discharge purpose.
Even if the positive and negative electrodes are broken and the normal positive and negative electrode conduction cannot be performed, in this case, effective discharge cannot be achieved through the electrolyte, in step S102 of this embodiment, pressure is applied to destroy the internal diaphragm, so that multiple internal conduction is caused, and rapid and thorough discharge can be achieved as well.
In the in-process of exerting pressure to the battery, the condition that the battery is compacted can take place probably, leads to the battery not broken just can't carry out further pushing down yet, and in order to avoid this condition to take place, in this embodiment, adopt reciprocal vibration's mode to exert pressure to the battery, crush the battery promptly in vibration process, avoid the inside compaction of battery for battery inner structure is changeed and is broken.
Further, the waste power battery discharging method can further comprise the following steps:
step S103, collecting gas and/or heat released from the battery.
Considering that the batteries may generate part of harmful gas when being crushed, the gas released from the batteries is collected while the batteries are crushed in the embodiment, so as not to cause air pollution. In the embodiment, a negative pressure air extractor is adopted to extract air above the water surface, and the extracted air is discharged after being purified.
In addition, the heat that produces when considering the battery breakage is very big, adopts heat transfer device to carry out recycle to this part heat in this embodiment, regard as heat transfer device's high temperature side with the underwater environment that the battery was located, regard domestic water as the low temperature side to the purpose of utilizing the broken heat of battery to heat domestic water has been realized.
In conclusion, the waste power battery discharging method provided by the embodiment has the characteristics of high discharging speed, high production efficiency, thorough discharging and wide applicability.
Referring to fig. 2, fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a waste power battery discharging apparatus 100 according to this embodiment, where the waste power battery discharging apparatus 100 is used for executing the foregoing waste power battery discharging method to achieve rapid and complete discharging of the battery.
The waste power battery discharging device 100 provided by this embodiment includes a frame 140, a pressure device 110, a pressure holding member 120 and a pressure-bearing water tank 130, wherein the pressure device 110 and the pressure-bearing water tank 130 are both disposed on the frame 140, and the pressure device 110 is located vertically above the pressure-bearing water tank 130. The pressure-bearing water tank 130 encloses a water storage space for containing water, the opening of the water storage space is upward, and the bottom wall of the water storage space is used for bearing a battery.
The pressure device 110 is connected to the pressing member 120, and is used to drive the pressing member 120 to extend into the water storage space and press and destroy the internal structure of the battery, so as to short-circuit and discharge the battery. The pressure device 110 may be a hydraulic press, a pneumatic press, a motor, etc., and a four-column hydraulic press is preferred in this embodiment.
In practical application, a water storage space surrounded by the pressure-bearing water tank 130 is filled with water, a safe environment is provided for battery crushing, the battery is arranged on the bottom wall of the water storage space, the battery is surrounded by the water, and the depth and the water depth of the water storage space are preset, so that when the battery is arranged on the bottom wall of the water storage space, the depth of the battery from the water surface is not less than 30 cm.
It can be seen that the pressurized water tank 130 provides the safety environment required in step S101 of the aforementioned waste power battery discharging method. In this embodiment, the waste power battery discharging apparatus 100 further includes a manipulator (not shown in the figure) disposed on the frame 140, where the manipulator is configured to pick up a battery to be discharged, place the battery in the water storage space, and take out a broken battery from the water storage space after discharging, that is, the manipulator is configured to execute step S101 of the aforementioned waste power battery discharging method.
After the battery is placed, the pressure device 110 operates to drive the pressing member 120 to move vertically downward, extend into the water in the water storage space and contact with the battery, and apply pressure to the battery for a preset time, so that the internal structure of the battery is damaged, thereby realizing rapid discharge under water by an internal short circuit, and maintaining the preset time of the applied pressure, namely, an optimal value of 3 minutes. It can be seen that the pressure device 110 and the pressing member 120 of the waste power battery discharging device 100 provided in this embodiment together execute the aforementioned step S102.
Referring to fig. 3 and 4, fig. 3 is a schematic structural view of the pressing member 120, and fig. 4 is a schematic structural view of the pressurized water tank 130.
In order to ensure that the pressing member 120 can uniformly transmit pressure to the battery and reduce the amount of water surface rise caused by the pressing member 120 as much as possible, in this embodiment, the pressing member 120 includes a connecting platform 121 and a hollow column 122 protruding from the bottom wall of the connecting platform 121, and a pressing plate 123 for directly contacting the battery is disposed on the end surface of the hollow column 122.
The connecting platform 121 is substantially rectangular, and four corners of the top wall of the connecting platform are used for being connected with four output shafts of a four-column oil press respectively, so as to ensure stable pressure. Under the drive of four post hydraulic presses, connecting platform 121 drives fretwork post 122 and stretches into under water, and because the structure fretwork of fretwork post 122, the water in the water storage space can flow into inside it to reduce the surface of water uplift by a wide margin.
In this embodiment, the pressure-bearing water tank 130 includes a tank body 131 and a hollow liner 132, the tank body 131 encloses a water storage space, and the hollow liner 132 is used for bearing a battery and driving the battery to enter or exit the water storage space under an external force.
Before discharging, the manipulator puts the battery to be discharged into the hollow liner 132, and then puts the hollow liner 132 into the water storage space, and the battery to be discharged sinks underwater together with the hollow liner 132. Then, the pressure device 110 drives the pressing member 120 to extend into the hollow liner 132, so as to crush the battery in the hollow liner 132, and after the discharge is completed, the manipulator takes the hollow liner 132 out of the water storage space, so as to quickly collect the battery residues.
It can be understood that the shape and size of the box 131 and the hollow liner 132 are not limited, and by adjusting the size of the box and the hollow liner and adaptively adjusting the pressure device 110, uniform discharge of batteries with different numbers, shapes and states can be realized, the production efficiency is extremely high, and the applicability is extremely wide.
In fact, the waste power battery discharging device 100 provided in this embodiment further includes an air extracting device (not shown in the figure), and an air extracting end of the air extracting device is communicated with the pressure-bearing water tank 130 for extracting the gas above the water surface of the water storage space.
Air exhaust device utilizes the negative pressure to keep away from the waste gas of extraction surface of water to be connected with gaseous purifier, lead to gaseous purifier with the waste gas of extraction and purify, discharge the clean gas after will purifying to the atmosphere again at last, avoid causing air pollution.
In conclusion, the waste power battery discharging device provided by the embodiment has the characteristics of high discharging speed, high production efficiency, thorough discharging and wide applicability.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention, and various modifications and changes may be made by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A waste power battery discharging method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
placing the battery in a safe environment;
applying pressure destroys the internal structure of the battery to short-circuit discharge the battery.
2. The method for discharging spent power batteries according to claim 1, characterized in that the step of placing said batteries in a safe environment comprises:
and placing the battery in an underwater environment with a preset depth from the water surface.
3. The waste power battery discharging method according to claim 2, characterized in that the preset depth is greater than or equal to 30 cm.
4. The waste power battery discharging method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the step of applying pressure to destroy the internal structure of the battery so as to short-circuit discharge the battery comprises:
and applying opposite acting forces for a preset time period to the battery from two opposite sides of the battery in the water depth direction.
5. The method of discharging spent power batteries according to claim 1, characterized in that the step of placing said batteries in a safe environment comprises:
the cell is placed in an environment surrounded by an inert gas, or,
the cell was placed in a vacuum environment.
6. The waste power battery discharging method according to claim 1, further comprising, after the step of applying pressure to destroy the internal structure of the battery to short-circuit and discharge the battery:
collecting gases and/or heat released by the cell.
7. The waste power battery discharging device is characterized by comprising a pressure device, a pressing piece and a pressure-bearing water tank, wherein the pressure-bearing water tank is enclosed to form a water storage space for containing water, and the bottom wall of the water storage space is used for bearing a battery;
the pressure device is connected with the pressing and holding piece and used for driving the pressing and holding piece to stretch into the water storage space and press and hold the internal structure of the battery to be damaged so as to enable the battery to be discharged in a short circuit mode.
8. The waste power battery discharging device according to claim 7, wherein the pressure-bearing water tank comprises a tank body and a hollow liner, the tank body encloses the water storage space, and the hollow liner is used for bearing the battery and driving the battery to enter or exit the water storage space under the action of external force.
9. The waste power battery discharging device according to claim 7, further comprising an air extractor, wherein an air extracting end of the air extractor is communicated with the pressure-bearing water tank, and is used for extracting gas above the water surface of the water storage space.
10. The waste power battery discharging device according to claim 7, further comprising a rack, wherein the pressure device and the pressure-bearing water tank are both arranged on the rack, the pressure device is located vertically above the pressure-bearing water tank, the opening of the water storage space is vertically upward, and the pressure device is used for driving the pressing piece to vertically extend downwards into the water storage space.
Priority Applications (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202210923507.9A CN115275412A (en) | 2022-08-02 | 2022-08-02 | Waste power battery discharging method and device |
| PCT/CN2022/120634 WO2024026997A1 (en) | 2022-08-02 | 2022-09-22 | Discharge method and apparatus for waste traction battery |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202210923507.9A CN115275412A (en) | 2022-08-02 | 2022-08-02 | Waste power battery discharging method and device |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN115275412A true CN115275412A (en) | 2022-11-01 |
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Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202210923507.9A Pending CN115275412A (en) | 2022-08-02 | 2022-08-02 | Waste power battery discharging method and device |
Country Status (2)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN115275412A (en) |
| WO (1) | WO2024026997A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN118204182B (en) * | 2024-05-20 | 2024-07-26 | 安徽理士新能源发展有限公司 | Low-temperature crushing and recycling device and method for waste lithium batteries |
Family Cites Families (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP5304775B2 (en) * | 2010-12-13 | 2013-10-02 | 住友金属鉱山株式会社 | Battery pack processing apparatus and processing method |
| JP5594167B2 (en) * | 2011-01-31 | 2014-09-24 | 住友金属鉱山株式会社 | Battery pack processing apparatus and processing method |
| CN210079631U (en) * | 2019-04-17 | 2020-02-18 | 广东邦普循环科技有限公司 | Electrified breaker under old and useless power lithium cell liquid |
| CN111697281A (en) * | 2020-06-11 | 2020-09-22 | 威立雅新能源科技(江门)有限公司 | Electrified breaker of waste battery |
-
2022
- 2022-08-02 CN CN202210923507.9A patent/CN115275412A/en active Pending
- 2022-09-22 WO PCT/CN2022/120634 patent/WO2024026997A1/en unknown
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| WO2024026997A1 (en) | 2024-02-08 |
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