CN1181944C - Manufacture of fine-type stainless steel plate heat exchanger - Google Patents
Manufacture of fine-type stainless steel plate heat exchanger Download PDFInfo
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- CN1181944C CN1181944C CNB02112891XA CN02112891A CN1181944C CN 1181944 C CN1181944 C CN 1181944C CN B02112891X A CNB02112891X A CN B02112891XA CN 02112891 A CN02112891 A CN 02112891A CN 1181944 C CN1181944 C CN 1181944C
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- stainless steel
- heat exchanger
- fin
- steel plate
- test
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- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 36
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 36
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 22
- 238000005219 brazing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 229910000679 solder Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 229910052786 argon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000001307 helium Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 229910052734 helium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- SWQJXJOGLNCZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N helium atom Chemical compound [He] SWQJXJOGLNCZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 238000005476 soldering Methods 0.000 claims description 24
- 238000007689 inspection Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000007493 shaping process Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000005162 X-ray Laue diffraction Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000010792 warming Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000003556 assay Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000009499 grossing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000008520 organization Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005554 pickling Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000002601 radiography Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000010079 rubber tapping Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910000963 austenitic stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910001566 austenite Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 7
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 abstract description 7
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 150000007513 acids Chemical class 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000005192 partition Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000003672 processing method Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000004519 grease Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000004080 punching Methods 0.000 description 3
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910001092 metal group alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 2
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002390 adhesive tape Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005275 alloying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 244000309464 bull Species 0.000 description 1
- 238000005255 carburizing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001192 hot extrusion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000014759 maintenance of location Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006386 neutralization reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005057 refrigeration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010008 shearing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000006104 solid solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009736 wetting Methods 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
The present invention provides a manufacturing technique of a fin-type stainless steel plate heat exchanger, which relates to a processing method of a fin-type austenite stainless steel heat exchanger. The manufacturing technique comprises the step of the preparation of parts, such as partition plates, sealing strips, fin pieces, a sealing head and a connection tube; the step of cleaning before welding, oil, dirty and oxides are removed by acids, and then, the parts are washed by high pressure water; the step of assembling elements, the elements are assembled on a special table position, and then, the elements are clamped by clamp apparatuses; the step of vacuum brazing, the vacuum brazing is carried out on austenite stainless steel by adopting amorphous nickel base solder in a vacuum brazing furnace; the step of assembling, the austenite stainless steel is welded to the sealing head, the connection tube, etc. by argon arc welding; the step of test and examination, the x-ray flaw detection, the test for Helium leakage, the test for flow resistance, the test for pressure, TUV, ASME, Lloyd ship society, and the other test and examination are carried out. The technology which enhances the machining quality of the fin-type stainless steel plate heat exchanger, the tensile strength, the long service life and the air tightness of joints has the advantages that the cost is reduced, and the work load of cleaning is decreased.
Description
Technical field
What the present invention relates to is a kind of manufacture method of austenite stainless steel plate fin heat exchanger.
Background technology
In fields such as petrochemical industry, refrigeration, medicine, atomic energy, Aero-Space, aluminum plate-fin heat exchanger can not satisfy high temperature resistant, high pressure resistant, erosion-resisting requirement.The austenite stainless steel plate fin heat exchanger is with its good heat-resisting quantity, barotolerance, corrosion resistance, solderability, processability and ductility, becomes in these fields to have one of heat transmission equipment of wide development prospect.But, mainly use copper base solder soldering, this type of heat exchanger non-refractory, not high pressure resistant, not anticorrosive at present for the manufacturing of fine-type stainless steel plate heat exchanger.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is at the problems referred to above, the manufacturing process of fine-type stainless steel plate heat exchanger is improved, propose the coming of new technology that a kind of using nickel solder is made fine-type stainless steel plate heat exchanger.This manufacture method has improved the hot strength of crudy, joint of fine-type stainless steel plate heat exchanger and creep rupture life, air-tightness, reduces its cost, reduces the workload of cleaning.
The process for making of fine-type stainless steel plate heat exchanger mainly comprises:
1) part preparation: dividing plate is by making the length blanking that plate-fin heat exchanger needs; Strip of paper used for sealing is special section bar, by making the length blanking that plate-fin heat exchanger needs; Fin strikes out base shape with the shaping punch die by stainless sheet steel on the automatic forming lathe, form with concavo-convex mould shaping then; End socket and adapter form by sheet material forming or by tubing weldering system on request.
2) clean before the weldering: the part of fine-type stainless steel plate heat exchanger needed through cleaning completely, so that remove foreign matter and the grease that adheres on all surfaces before soldering.The employing pickling removes and deoils, dirty, oxide, washes with water under high pressure again.
3) element assembling: fine-type stainless steel plate heat exchanger main element fin, dividing plate, strip of paper used for sealing etc., except cleaning through strictness, each element surface also should remove deburring, fin shaping, dividing plate smoothing, strip of paper used for sealing alignment, just can carry out the assembling of plate bundle according to the requirement of project organization then.Assembling is to carry out on special platform position, and during assembling, dividing plate and fin layer are alternately repeatedly put in special mould bases, and the Ni-based solder of amorphous state is sheared by dimensional requirement, sticks between dividing plate, fin, flow deflector, the strip of paper used for sealing.After element assembles, firm with the anchor clamps clampings, misplace between the assembling element when preventing soldering.
4) vacuum brazing: vacuum brazing is a kind of 1.3～1.3 * 10
-4Under the Pa absolute pressure, adopt radiation mode to make the brazing member and the brazing filler metal alloy that assemble be warming up to the technology that desired temperature is carried out soldering equably.The above-mentioned element that assembles is sent into soldering oven, before the soldering, to vacuumize in the soldering oven below 1.3Pa, workpiece is with stove heat temperature raising to 850～870 ℃, and be incubated 20～30 minutes, make the temperature at each position of assembly even, soldering oven continues to be warming up to 1100～1150 ℃, this temperature is stainless brazing temperature, and nickel-based solder is in best flow regime under this temperature, considers matrix material thickness and modular construction, insulation is more than 10～15 minutes, cooling is controlled in 3 minutes cool time fast, and tapping temperature is below 200 ℃.
5) general assembly: the above-mentioned plate Shu Jing after soldering finishes adopts argon arc welding that end socket and adapter etc. is burn-on after the assay was approved.
6) test and inspection: the above-mentioned fine-type stainless steel plate heat exchanger of making is carried out radiography X ray inspection, helium leak test, flow resistance test, pressure test, TUV, ASME, Laue moral boats and ships association and other test and checks, to reach corresponding requirement and standard.
The manufacturing process of fine-type stainless steel plate heat exchanger adopts the Ni-based solder of amorphous state that the austenite stainless steel plate fin heat exchanger is carried out vacuum brazing.Because the Ni-based solder wetting of amorphous state is good, composition is evenly distributed, impurity content is few, the intensity height, and the joint air-tightness is good, cost is low, after adopting this technology, that the austenite stainless steel plate fin heat exchanger can obtain to be shaped is good, even tissue, no corrosion, hot strength and creep rupture life high high-quality joint, the adhesive tape solder is convenient for assembly to be easy to control addition again, guaranteed brazing quality, whole cost is lower.
Description of drawings
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing invention is described further.
Fig. 1 is the manufacture of fine-type stainless steel plate heat exchanger flow chart.
The specific embodiment
With reference to accompanying drawing 1, manufacture of fine-type stainless steel plate heat exchanger is:
1, part preparation
(1) dividing plate.By special manufacturer production, on demand length blanking when making plate-fin heat exchanger.Dividing plate is generally 0.2 millimeter thin plate.
(2) strip of paper used for sealing.Be special section bar, can be cold drawn also can be hot extrusion and, by special manufacturer production, on demand length blanking when making plate-fin heat exchanger.
(3) fin.Its main manufacturing process has two kinds of punching press and roll extrusion, and characteristics are respectively arranged, and adopts the automatic forming lathe to carry out in a large amount of production.Fin is that the stainless sheet steel by 0.1～0.4 millimeters thick strikes out base shape with the shaping punch die on the automatic forming lathe, forms with concavo-convex mould shaping then.In the punching out process feeding, otch, cut off all and carry out automatically.To be shaped shearing need be shaped the on inspection uniformity of fin height of back fin, fin has good homogeneous to contact with dividing plate during with the assurance welding, therefore general control wing peak unevenness must carry out with the strictness of bull amesdial the inspection of wing high-quality in 0.03～0.05 millimeter scope.To serrated fin, require to have good otch, cut spacing is about tooth pitch half, the gap is generally at 0.4～0.6 millimeter.Punching formation is produced fin, and wing shape is neatly clear, and pitch is even, and size and height tolerance more easily reach designing requirement, but drawing velocity is unsuitable too fast, should be controlled at 40～60 times/minute and be advisable.
(4) end socket and adapter.Form by sheet material forming or by tubing weldering system on request.
2, clean before the weldering
Stainless steel sensitiveness to Superficial Foreign Body in soldering is very high, and carbon-containing impurities such as micro-grease not only can influence brazing quality, and at high temperature also can infiltrate and cause local poor chromium in the stainless steel.Therefore, the part of fine-type stainless steel plate heat exchanger is needing before the soldering through cleaning so that remove foreign matter and the grease that adheres on all surfaces completely.Generally remove with pickling deoil, dirty, oxide, wash with water under high pressure again.
3, element assembling
The main element of fine-type stainless steel plate heat exchanger has fin, dividing plate, strip of paper used for sealing etc., except cleaning through strictness, each element surface also should remove deburring, fin shaping, dividing plate smoothing, strip of paper used for sealing alignment, just can carry out the assembling of plate bundle according to the requirement of project organization then.Assembling is to carry out on special platform position.Employing can automatic lifting the assembly or fitting table position time, will be convenient to assembly operation greatly.During assembling, dividing plate and fin layer are alternately repeatedly put in the mould bases that the spy puts, and the Ni-based solder film of amorphous state, thickness are generally at 0.02～0.04 millimeter, and width is 50～100 millimeters, shear by dimensional requirement, stick between dividing plate, fin, flow deflector, the strip of paper used for sealing.
Selecting the stainless best clearance of nickel-based solder soldering is 0.05～0.12 millimeter, and uniformity as far as possible, to guarantee brazing quality.The fit-up gap size of sub-assembly joint is one of key factor that influences soldered seam compactness and strength of joint.The gap is too small, hinders solder and flows into, and is difficult for forming the suitable good joint of rate of a large amount of welderings; The gap is too big, and capillarity weakens, and solder is filled difficulty, and alloying action weakens, and causes joint mechanical property relatively poor.Like this, borrow solder that capillarity makes fusing during vacuum brazing under effect of surface tension, the adhesion parent metal, moistening it and be penetrated into the cleaning joint of connector, thereby obtain non-dismountable joint.
After element assembles, firm with the special anchor clamps clamping of a cover, misplace between the assembling element when preventing soldering.Anchor clamps generally are made up of parts such as upper die and lower die, springs.Upper and lower mould has casting, and welding is also arranged.For preventing that plate bundle and anchor clamps at high temperature are out of shape, in order to increase the mould rigidity, counterdie normally monoblock and rectangle " well " character skeleton structure arranged.When selecting clamp material, should avoid at high temperature can because these materials can influence stainless brazing quality, and causing local poor chromium to the material of stainless steel surfaces carburizing or nitrogen.
4, vacuum brazing
Vacuum brazing is a kind of 1.3～1.3 * 10
-4Under the Pa absolute pressure, adopt radiation mode to make the brazing member and the brazing filler metal alloy that assemble be warming up to the technology that desired temperature is carried out soldering equably.Before the soldering, to vacuumize in the stove below 1.3Pa, workpiece is with stove heat temperature raising to 850～870 ℃, and is incubated 20～30 minutes (number of plies with soldering work piece increases and the temperature retention time lengthening), purpose is the thermograde that reduces on the assembly, makes the temperature at each position of assembly even.Selecting stainless brazing temperature is 1100～1150 ℃, and nickel-based solder is in best flow regime under this temperature.Consider matrix material thickness and modular construction, insulation is more than 10～15 minutes.The very fast solid solution of carbide in the austenitic stainless steel had so both been saved man-hour, had avoided the postwelding solution treatment again and the adverse consequences that causes.About 4 hours of the whole heating-up time or longer, beginning to heat up can be very fast, after slack-off gradually.Can cool off fast with filling nitrogen during cooling, be controlled at cool time in 3 minutes.Tapping temperature is below 200 ℃.
5, general assembly
Plate Shu Jing after soldering finishes adopts argon arc welding that end socket and adapter etc. is burn-on after the assay was approved.
6, test and inspection
Following tests and inspection item after making, are arranged in the neutralization of fine-type stainless steel plate heat exchanger manufacture process:
Radiography X ray inspection, helium leak test, flow resistance test, pressure test, TUV, ASME, Laue moral boats and ships association and other test and inspection.To guarantee that fine-type stainless steel plate heat exchanger end socket etc. is located the arc-seam weld quality, air-tightness meets the requirements, the flow resistance value is no more than certain scope, and intensity meets the requirements, and integral body reaches the test stone of TUV, ASME, Laue moral boats and ships association etc.
Claims (5)
1, a kind of manufacture of fine-type stainless steel plate heat exchanger is characterized in that manufacturing process comprises:
1) part preparation:
A. dividing plate: by making the length blanking that plate-fin heat exchanger needs;
B. strip of paper used for sealing: be special section bar, by making the length blanking that plate-fin heat exchanger needs;
C. fin: strike out base shape with the shaping punch die by stainless sheet steel on the automatic forming lathe, the concavo-convex mould shaping of face forms then;
D. end socket and adapter: form by sheet material forming or by tubing weldering system on request;
2) clean before the weldering: the employing pickling removes and deoils, dirty, oxide, washes with water under high pressure again;
3) element assembling: fine-type stainless steel plate heat exchanger main element fin, dividing plate, strip of paper used for sealing, cover plate, flow deflector, except cleaning through strictness, each element surface also should remove deburring, the fin shaping, the dividing plate smoothing, the strip of paper used for sealing alignment, just can carry out the assembling of plate bundle then according to the requirement of project organization, assembling is to carry out on special platform position, during assembling, dividing plate and fin layer are alternately repeatedly put in special mould bases, the Ni-based solder of amorphous state is sheared by dimensional requirement, stick on dividing plate, fin, flow deflector, between the strip of paper used for sealing, after element assembles, firm with the anchor clamps clampings, misplace between the assembling element when preventing soldering;
4) vacuum brazing: the above-mentioned element that assembles is sent into soldering oven, before the soldering, to vacuumize in the soldering oven below 1.3Pa, workpiece is with stove heat temperature raising to 850～870 ℃, and be incubated 20-30 minute, make the temperature at each position of assembly even, soldering oven continues to be warming up to 1100～1150 ℃, this temperature is stainless brazing temperature, and nickel-based solder is in best flow regime under this temperature, considers matrix material thickness and modular construction, insulation is more than 10～15 minutes, cooling is controlled in 3 minutes cool time fast, and tapping temperature is below 200 ℃;
5) general assembly: the above-mentioned plate Shu Jing after soldering finishes adopts argon arc welding that end socket and adapter etc. is burn-on after the assay was approved;
6) test and inspection: the above-mentioned fine-type stainless steel plate heat exchanger of making is carried out radiography X ray inspection, helium leak test, flow resistance test, pressure test, TUV, ASME, test of Laue moral boats and ships association and inspection, to reach corresponding requirement and standard.
2,, it is characterized in that adopting the Ni-based solder brazing austenitic stainless steel of amorphous state according to the described manufacture of fine-type stainless steel plate heat exchanger of claim 1.
3,, it is characterized in that the stainless gap of nickel-based solder soldering is 0.05～0.12 millimeter according to the described manufacture of fine-type stainless steel plate heat exchanger of claim 1.
4, according to the described manufacture of fine-type stainless steel plate heat exchanger of claim 1, it is characterized in that about 4 hours of the whole heating-up time or longer, beginning to heat up can be very fast, after slack-off gradually.
5, according to the described manufacture of fine-type stainless steel plate heat exchanger of claim 1, it is characterized in that quick cooling can be adopted fills nitrogen cooling.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNB02112891XA CN1181944C (en) | 2002-04-18 | 2002-04-18 | Manufacture of fine-type stainless steel plate heat exchanger |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNB02112891XA CN1181944C (en) | 2002-04-18 | 2002-04-18 | Manufacture of fine-type stainless steel plate heat exchanger |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN1375374A CN1375374A (en) | 2002-10-23 |
| CN1181944C true CN1181944C (en) | 2004-12-29 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CNB02112891XA Expired - Lifetime CN1181944C (en) | 2002-04-18 | 2002-04-18 | Manufacture of fine-type stainless steel plate heat exchanger |
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| CN115401430A (en) * | 2022-10-17 | 2022-11-29 | 江苏通流航天科技有限公司 | Front cone and pipe system processing technology |
-
2002
- 2002-04-18 CN CNB02112891XA patent/CN1181944C/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114734122A (en) * | 2022-04-20 | 2022-07-12 | 贵州永红航空机械有限责任公司 | Method for preventing fin burning loss in fusion welding of plate-fin radiator |
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| CN1375374A (en) | 2002-10-23 |
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Assignee: Hongsheng Heat Exchanger Manufacturing Co., Ltd. Assignor: Nanjing University of Technology Contract fulfillment period: 2008.9.27 to 2022.4.16 Contract record no.: 2008320000908 Denomination of invention: Manufacture of fine-type stainless steel plate heat exchanger Granted publication date: 20041229 License type: Exclusive license Record date: 20081014 |
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